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indirect myocardial revascularization. 20165098978
routine sigmoidoscopy costs and usefulness. 20125108295
[bacterial taxa of the adriatic sea: "vibrio alginolyticus" (miyamoto et al. 1961- sakazaki 1968)]. 19705535696
solubilization and reconstitution of the na+-motive nadh oxidase activity from the marine bacterium vibrio alginolyticus.the na+-motive nadh oxidase activity from vibrio alginolyticus was extracted with octylglucoside and reconstituted into liposomes by dilution. on the addition of nadh, the reconstituted proteoliposomes generated delta psi (inside positive) and delta ph (inside alkaline) in the presence of a proton conductor cccp, and accumulated na+ in the presence of valinomycin. these results indicate that the nadh oxidase activity, reconstituted in opposite orientation, leads to the generation of an electroch ...19846092131
regulation of hut enzymes and intracellular protease activities in vibrio alginolyticus hut mutants.the production of alkaline protease, collagenase and histidine utilization (hut) enzymes by vibrio alginolyticus wild-type, huth1 and hutu1 strains was investigated. alkaline protease synthesis was stimulated by histidine and urocanic acid in the wild-type and hutu1 strains. the huth1 mutant alkaline protease production was stimulated by urocanic acid and not by histidine. the hut enzymes in the wild-type strain were coordinately induced by histidine. urocanase and formimino-hydrolase were induc ...19826129284
cellulitis caused by vibrio alginolyticus.a case of cellulitis, resulting in a recurrence of a leg ulcer is presented due to the unique association of its bacterial flora, consisting exclusively of v. alginolyticus and of its clinically rapid expansion after seabathing.19836198855
peptone induction and rifampin-insensitive collagenase production by vibrio alginolyticus.vibrio alginolyticus produces an extracellular collagenase which requires specific induction by collagen or its high-molecular-weight fragments. peptone also induces collagenase during the late exponential and early stationary growth phases. the peptone inducers have been shown to have a broad molecular weight range between 1,000 and 60,000. the peptone inducers supported slow growth of v. alginolyticus when supplied as the sole nitrogen source in minimal medium. digestion of the peptone inducer ...19806247322
regulation of exoprotease production by temperature and oxygen in vibrio alginolyticus.the production of an extracellular collagenase and alkaline protease by vibrio alginolyticus during stationary phase was inhibited by a temperature shift from 30 to 37 degrees c and by a lack of oxygen. the stability of the exoproteases was unaffected by incubation at 37 degrees c and aeration. the optimum growth temperature for the v. alginolyticus strain was 33.5 degrees c and there was no difference in the growth rate at 30 and 37 degrees c. aeration enhanced the rate of growth of exponential ...19816277266
regulation of extracellular alkaline protease activity by histidine in a collagenolytic vibrio alginolyticus strain.vibrio alginolyticus synthesized an inducible extracellular collagenase in a peptone medium during the stationary growth phase. these cultures also possessed extracellular alkaline serine protease activity. the alkaline protease activity did not require a specific inducer and it was produced in tryptone or minimal media. the collagenase was not produced in either the tryptone or minimal media. the alkaline protease activity was sensitive to catabolite repression by a number of carbon sources, in ...19816279766
histamine-producing bacteria in decomposing skipjack tuna (katsuwonus pelamis).spoilage in skipjack tuna (katsuwonus pelamis) was studied under controlled conditions by incubating whole, fresh fish in seawater at 38 degrees c, the optimum temperature for histamine formation. bacterial isolates were obtained from the loin tissue of a decomposing tuna containing 134 mg of histamine per 100 g and a total anaerobic count of 3.5 x 10(5)/g after incubation for 24 h. over 92% of the 134 isolates obtained were facultatively or obligately anaerobic bacteria. eighteen isolates produ ...19826289747
the mode of action of nanaomycins d and a on a gram-negative marine bacterium vibrio alginolyticus.nanaomycin (nnm) d had a higher growth inhibitory activity than nnm-a against a gram-negative marine bacterium, vibrio alginolyticus. these quinone antibiotics were reduced by the respiratory chain-linked flavin dehydrogenase of the organism and the reduced forms of nnms were quickly autoxidized by molecular oxygen to produce superoxide radicals (o2-). nnm-d was more effective than nnm-a both in the induction of kcn-insensitive oxygen consumption with the intact cells and in the production of o2 ...19826292148
characterization of extracellular alkaline proteases and collagenase induction in vibrio alginolyticus.the number and approximate molecular weights of extracellular alkaline proteases produced by vibrio alginolyticus were determined by gelatin-page. three major bands of protease activity with apparent molecular weights of approximately 28 000, 22 500 and 19 500 (proteases 1, 2 and 3, respectively) and two minor bands of protease activity with apparent molecular weights of approximately 15 500 and 14 500 (proteases 4 and 5, respectively) were obtained after gelatin-page. the activities of the five ...19836310026
growth of a marine vibrio alginolyticus and moderately halophilic v. costicola becomes uncoupler resistant when the respiration-dependent na+ pump functions.the growth of vibrio alginolyticus and v. costicola, which possess respiration-dependent na+ pumps, was highly resistant to the proton conductor carbonyl cyanide-m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (cccp), in alkaline growth media, even though the membrane was rendered permeable to h+. the ph dependence of cccp-resistant growth was similar to that of the na+ pump. in contrast, escherichia coli ml308-225 showed neither na+ pump activity nor cccp-resistant growth, even when grown in alkaline, na+-rich media. ...19836313611
in situ identification of bacterial species in marine microfouling films by using an immunofluorescence technique.an immunofluorescence technique was developed for the in situ identification of specific bacteria in marine microfouling films. microorganisms adherent to glass plates after 30 days of immersion in a synthetic seawater system were cultured and classified by biochemical tests, flagellar arrangement, and the api 20e system. all isolates were gram-negative aerobic or facultative motile rods, predominantly pseudomonas spp. rabbit antisera to the five dominant organisms including achromobacter spp., ...19846393875
the impact of terrestrial and estuarial factors on the density of environmental bacterial (vibrionaceae) and faecal coliforms in coastal water.a study of the densities of faecal coliforms, vibrio anguillarum, vibrio alginolyticus and aeromonas hydrophila in danish bathing areas was carried out over the period may-october, 1981 with special reference to specific terrestrial and estuarial determinants. significant correlations were found between v. anguillarum and v. alginolyticus (r = 0.57) and a. hydrophila and faecal coliforms (r = 0.43). the densities of the vibrios were highly influenced by temperature and distance from pollution so ...19846395571
halophilic vibrio species from seafish in senegal.sucrose-positive and sucrose-negative halophilic vibrio species at counts of up to 10(7)/100 g were isolated from muscles tissue in 27 and 43%, respectively, of 128 seafish from coastal waters in senegal. vibrio parahaemolyticus, including 21% urease-positive strains, was the most common isolate, followed by vibrio alginolyticus, vibrio vulnificus, vibrio damsela, and vibrio fluvialis.19846476829
k+/h+ antiporter functions as a regulator of cytoplasmic ph in a marine bacterium, vibrio alginolyticus.the marine bacterium, vibrio alginolyticus, regulates the cytoplasmic ph at about 7.8 over the ph range 6.0-9.0. by the addition of diethanolamine (a membrane-permeable amine) at ph 9.0, the internal ph was alkalized and simultaneously the cellular k+ was released. following the k+ exit, the internal ph was acidified until 7.8, where the k+ exit leveled off. the k+ exit was mediated by a k+/h+ antiporter that is driven by the outwardly directed k+ gradient and ceases to function at the internal ...19846477914
bacteriology of the teeth from a great white shark: potential medical implications for shark bite victims.bacteria were cultured for the first time from the teeth of a great white shark (carcharodon carcharias). isolates included vibrio alginolyticus, vibrio fluvialis, vibrio parahaemolyticus, and other genera. all are common in the marine environment and some may be associated with wound infections in humans. shark bite lacerations may serve as a source of these potentially infectious bacteria, particularly vibrio spp., and should be treated immediately. antibiotic susceptibility patterns are shown ...19846511869
vibrios on the half shell: what the walrus and the carpenter didn't know.at least nine vibrio species have been associated with disease in the united states. vibrio fluvialis, v. hollisae, v. mimicus, and v. parahaemolyticus cause diarrheal diseases, but may also be encountered in extraintestinal infections such as wound and ear infections, septicemia, and cholecystitis. vibrio alginolyticus, v. damsela, v. metschnikovii, and v. vulnificus primarily cause extraintestinal disease. toxigenic v. cholerae o1 is the cause of epidemic cholera, whereas nontoxigenic v. chole ...19836625388
bacterial flora of marine penetrating injuries.bacteriologic and clinical features of 28 cases of traumatic marine injuries are described. the most common bacterial isolates were normal skin bacteria, staphylococcus aureus and, in 11% of cases, vibrio alginolyticus. all injuries responded to local wound care, and only half received antibiotic therapy.19836673897
na+ is translocated at nadh:quinone oxidoreductase segment in the respiratory chain of vibrio alginolyticus.the coupling site of the na+ pump to the respiratory chain of vibrio alginolyticus was examined using membrane fractions prepared from the wild type, na+ pump-deficient mutants, and spontaneous revertant. nadh oxidase of the wild type and revertant specifically required na+ for maximum activity, whereas na+ was not essential for the nadh oxidase of mutants. similar to the na+ pump in whole cells, the na+-dependent nadh oxidase in membranes had a ph optimum in the alkaline region. a respiratory i ...19846736026
vibrio alginolyticus peritonitis associated with ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. 19816788288
partial purification and properties of respiratory chain-linked l-glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase from a marine bacterium, vibrio alginolyticus.respiratory chain-linked l-glycerol 3-phosphate (g3p) dehydrogenase [ec 1.1.99.5] of marine bacterium, vibrio alginolyticus, was extracted from the membrane fraction by treatment with tween 20, and fractionation on deae-sephacel and qae-sephadex in the presence of 0.05% liponox dch(alkyl polyoxyethylene ether) yielded a preparation having a specific activity of 22.1 units/mg protein when assayed by phenazine methosulfate (pms)-coupled reduction of thiazolyl blue tetrazolium (mtt). the purified e ...19816796567
market fish hygiene in kenya.vibrio parahaemolyticus was isolated from 53 out of 584 samples (9.1%) of market fish. all strains were kanagawa negative and were distributed as follows: sea fish 5 out of 370 samples (1.4%), shellfish 48 out of 214 samles (22.4%). other fish spoilage microflora recovered were: alcaligenes faecalis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, proteus vulgaris, aeromonas spp. and vibrio alginolyticus. total aerobic counts and coliform counts per gram for the lake fish ranged from 2.6 x 10(2) to 6.6 x 10(7) and 10 t ...19826808058
medium for isolation and differentiation of vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio alginolyticus.trypticase soy agar supplemented with sucrose, sodium chloride, bile salts, and triphenyltetrazolium chloride is an improved plating medium for the isolation of vibrio parahaemolyticus from samples of seawater, permitting better differentiation of this organism from vibrio alginolyticus and other bacteria.19836824320
isolation of vibrio alginolyticus mutants defective in the respiration-coupled na+ pump.when the respiration-coupled na+ pump functions, v. alginolyticus is able to grow in the presence of an extremely high concentration of proton conductor, carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone. the mutants which became sensitive to the proton conductor were isolated and examined in regard to the na+ pump activity. although the activity of a respiration-dependent h+ extrusion by the mutants is comparable to that by the wild type, the na+ pump activity of the mutants is significantly reduced. fur ...19836882417
"vibrio alginolyticus" enteritis. 19806970553
roles of na+ and k+ in alpha-aminoisobutyric acid transport by the marine bacterium vibrio alginolyticus.effects of monovalent cations on alpha-aminoisobutyric acid (aib) transport were examined in the marine bacterium vibrio alginolyticus. in k+-containing cells, aib was actively accumulated only in the presence of na+, and the addition of k+ had essentially no effect. on the other hand, k+-depleted and na+-loaded cells required k+ as well as na+ for the accumulation of aib against its concentration gradient. the characterization of the roles of na+ and k+ in aib transport was performed by manipul ...19827054182
characterization of the respiration-dependent na+ pump in the marine bacterium vibrio alginolyticus. 19827107593
[vibrio alginolyticus as a cause of otitis media]. 19827170691
a comprehensive study of environmental and human pathogenic vibrio alginolyticus strains.an investigation comprising 49 environmental (vae), 7 human isolates (vah) and 3 type culture (vat) strains of vibrio alginolyticus showed a very high similarity among the strains. by primary isolation a swarming activity on blood agar and a yellow, hemispheric relatively large colony type on tcbs were very conspicuous. besides the characteristics of vibrionaceae the most typical and differential diagnostic important features were: sucrose fermentation, lysine decarboxylase activity, acetoine an ...19817200302
in vitro antibiotic sensitivity testing of vibrio alginolyticus.v. alginolyticus from environmental sources of different geographical areas and some human pathogenic strains were investigated for their sensitivity to 29 different antimicrobial agents, using the agar diffusion method. all strains were sensitive to gentamicin, neomycin, sulfaisodimidin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, rifamycin, nalidixan and linco-spectin and all except one to trimethoprim, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, nitrofurantoin and tobramycin. between 80 and 94% of tested strains were ...19807223432
a comparative study of the sugar composition of o-antigenic lipopolysaccharides isolated from vibrio alginolyticus and vibrio parahaemolyticus.a comparative study of the sugar composition of o-antigenic lipopolysaccharides (lps) isolated from vibrio alginolyticus and those from v. parahaemolyticus was carried out. 3-deoxy-d-mannooctulosonic acid, 2-keto-3-deoxy octonate (kdo), a regular sugar constituent of gram-negative bacterial lps, was totally absent from lps of all v. alginolyticus strains examined as it was from those of v. parahaemolyticus. furthermore, a kdo-like thiobarbituric acid test-positive substance, identical with that ...19817231217
the isolation of vibrio alginolyticus from a patient with acute entero-colitis.vibrio alginolyticus was isolated from the "rice water" diarrheal stool of a female patient with acute entero-colitis, and from the trout roe which she ate. subsequently, it was clearly demonstrated that, besides of vibrio cholerae and vibrio parahaemolyticus, vibrio alginolyticus was also enteropathogenic for humans. additionally, we described the difference in the colony formation on some commercial thiosulfate citrate bile salts sucrose (tcbs) agars when vibrio alginolyticus and vibrio choler ...19807256728
incidence of vibrio alginolyticus and bacteria of sanitary significance in the bering sea.the incidence of bacteria of sanitary significance and isolation of vibrio alginolyticus during a subtidal clam assessment study in the bering sea are described. vibrio parahaemolyticus was not detected in clams, sediment, or seawater.19817259158
occurrence of vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio alginolyticus in marine and estuarine bathing areas in danish coast.from seventeen sites in three marine and two estuarine bathing areas at the danish coast water samples were collected during the period from may to november 1979. total bacterial counts were performed on blood agar. the prevalence of vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio alginolyticus in 100 ml water samples using the filter membrane technique and tcbs agar plates was investigated with the possible correlation to water temperature and salinity. only five strains of v. parahaemolyticus were isolated ...19817282164
potassium ion is required for the generation of ph-dependent membrane potential and delta ph by the marine bacterium vibrio alginolyticus.the electrochemical potential gradient of protons in the marine bacterium vibrio alginolyticus was measured as a function of external ph. in k+-containing cells, the membrane potential (delta psi) and delta ph vary with external ph as reported in other bacteria. on the other hand, k+-depleted cells show little ph dependence in the magnitude of delta psi from ph 6.0 to 8.5. the cytoplasmic ph in these cells varies depending on external ph, resulting in the generation of a small delta ph at acidic ...19817284321
a respiration-dependent primary sodium extrusion system functioning at alkaline ph in the marine bacterium vibrio alginolyticus. 19817306152
isolation and characterization of vibrio alginolyticus and vibrio parahaemolyticus from the norwegian coastal environment. 19817344524
[finding of vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio alginolyticus in marine sediment at the mouth of the tiber]. 19817345400
post-mortem isolation of vibrio alginolyticus from an atlantic white-sided dolphin (lagenorynchus acutus).post-mortem examination of a stranded atlantic white-sided dolphin (lagenorynchus acutus) revealed congested lungs, sanguinous fluid in the peritoneal cavity, and an oral wound. histopathologic findings were acute necrotizing hepatitis and acute focal bronchopneumonia. vibrio alginolyticus was isolated from the blood and other organs.19807411736
halophilic vibrios from human tissue infections on the pacific coast of australia.inshore sea waters harbour a variety of halophilic bacteria which increase in the warmer seasons. ten vibrio alginolyticus, 3 v. parahaemolyticus and 3 lactose-fermenting (l +) strains of vibrio were isolated in 3 yr from wound and ear infections, salpingitis and sputum in 2 coastal towns; 14 isolations were in summer. clinically the cases resembled ordinary pyogenic infections. the api 20e kit and determination of nacl tolerance permitted identification of the strains with reasonable confidence ...19807432818
effective ileal loop dose of kanagawa-positive vibrio parahaemolyticus.groups of 16 rabbits per strain were injected with broth culture dilutions of three kanagawa-positive vibrio parahaemolyticus strains. the effective dose required to produce ileal loop dilatation in 50% of rabbits for pure cultures of strains 10136-76 and 553-72 from patients stools and ny 477 from incriminated food was 1.1 x 10(6), 2.6 x 10(5), and 7.7 x 10(6) organisms, respectively. when each of these cultures was admixed with greater than or equal to 10(9) vibrio alginolyticus cells, the 50% ...19807458308
predicted structure and possible ionmotive mechanism of the sodium-linked nadh-ubiquinone oxidoreductase of vibrio alginolyticus.two groups have now published sequences of the six genes contained in the operon coding for the sodium-linked nadh-ubiquinone oxidoreductase of vibrio alginolyticus. sequence analyses indicate that this enzyme is unrelated to other known respiratory nadh dehydrogenases. a search for cofactor motifs suggests that the enzyme contains only one fad, a ferredoxin-type iron sulphur centre, and the nadh-binding site. these are all located on nqrf, a subunit that can be recognized as a new member of a l ...19957498478
a gene encoding a thermophilic alkaline serine proteinase from thermus sp. strain rt41a and its expression in escherichia coli.the extreme thermophile thermus sp. strain rt41a produces an extracellular alkaline serine proteinase during growth. this enzyme is stable for more than 24 h at 70 degrees c and has a ph optimum of 8.0. the proteinase gene was identified using primers designed to amplify a region between two highly conserved amino acid motifs in subtilisin-like proteinases and the pcr product was used to identify a genomic fragment containing the gene. the amino acid sequence deduced from the rt41a gene containe ...19957551039
reexamination of tetrodotoxin production by bacteria.vibrio alginolyticus has been reported as a good producer of tetrodotoxin (ttx), but the toxin extracted from this bacterium did not react to the monoclonal antibody against ttx. surprisingly, chromatographic analyses detected high ttx peaks for polypeptone and yeast extracts used as medium materials, which were, as expected, all negative by the mouse bioassay. these results may require us to revise the bacterial production of ttx.19957574655
molecular analysis of an extracellular protease gene from vibrio parahaemolyticus.the structural gene prtvp encoding the extracellular protease of vibrio parahaemolyticus strain 93 was cloned in escherichia coli and sequenced. the cloned dna fragment contained a 1761 bp orf encoding a 587 amino acid protein. the deduced polypeptide is composed of a 25 amino acid signal peptide and a 562 amino acid extracellular polypeptide with a calculated molecular mass of 63,156 da. protease analysis using a gelatin-containing sds-polyacrylamide gel detected the presence of a 62 kda protea ...19957582017
three aspartic residues in membrane-spanning regions of na+/h+ antiporter from vibrio alginolyticus play a role in the activity of the carrier.the na+/h+ antiporter gene from vibrio alginolyticus restores the growth of an nhaa-defective strain of escherichia coli, nm81, in a high nacl medium (nakamura, t., komano, y., itaya, e., tsukamoto, k., tsuchiya, t. and unemoto, t. (1994) biochim. biophys. acta 1190, 465-468). this gene, named nhaav, allowed the nhaa-defective e. coli strains, nm81(delta nhaa) and rs1 (delta nhaa, chaa-), to extrude na+ at alkaline ph. the extrusion of na+ occurred against its chemical gradient in the presence o ...19957619834
high-speed rotation and speed stability of the sodium-driven flagellar motor in vibrio alginolyticus.the na(+)-driven flagellar motor in vibrio alginolyticus rotates very fast. rotation of a single flagellum on a stuck cell was measured by laser darkfield microscopy with submillisecond temporal resolution. the rotation rate increased with increasing external concentration of nacl, and reached 1000 r.p.s. at 300 mm nacl. the na+ influx through the motor should determine the rotation period (tau) and affect the speed stability. fluctuation of the rotation period was analyzed at various rotation r ...19957643389
the na(+)-translocating nadh:ubiquinone oxidoreductase from the marine bacterium vibrio alginolyticus contains fad but not fmn.the na(+)-translocating nadh:ubiquinone oxidoreductase from vibrio alginolyticus was extracted from the bacterial membranes and purified by ion exchange chromatographic procedures. the enzyme catalyzed nadh oxidation by suitable electron acceptors, e.g. menadione, and the na+ and nadh-dependent reduction of ubiquinone-1. four dominant bands and a number of minor bands were visible on sds-page that could be part of the enzyme complex. flavin analyses indicated the presence of fad but no fmn in th ...19957649253
isolation of the polar and lateral flagellum-defective mutants in vibrio alginolyticus and identification of their flagellar driving energy sources.vibrio alginolyticus has two types of flagella (polar and lateral) in one cell. we isolated mutants with only a polar flagellum (pof+ laf-) or only lateral flagella (pof- laf+). using these mutants, we demonstrated that the energy sources of the lateral and polar flagellar motors in v. alginolyticus are h+ and na+ motive forces, respectively, as in the related species v. parahaemolyticus.19957665498
sequencing and the alignment of structural genes in the nqr operon encoding the na(+)-translocating nadh-quinone reductase from vibrio alginolyticus.we previously cloned a part of nqr operon encoding the na(+)-translocating nadh-quinone reductase (nqr) from the marine vibrio alginolyticus [hayashi et al., febs lett. 356 (1994) 330-332]. from its nucleotide sequences, four consecutive open reading frames (orf) encoding the gamma-subunit (27.7 kda), two unidentified orfs of 22.6 kda and 21.5 kda, and the beta-subunit (45.3 kda) were recognized. the gene encoding the alpha-subunit was located upstream, and together with the recent report by bea ...19957729558
cloning of the na(+)-translocating nadh-quinone reductase gene from the marine bacterium vibrio alginolyticus and the expression of the beta-subunit in escherichia coli.the na(+)-translocating nadh-quinone reductase purified from the marine bacterium vibrio alginolyticus is composed of three subunits, alpha, beta and gamma. from the n-terminal amino acid sequences of each subunit and its polypeptide fragment obtained by partial digestion with v8 protease, oligonucleotides corresponding to forward and reverse primers for each gene (nqr a, b and c) encoding the alpha, beta and gamma subunit, respectively, were synthesized. using these primers, a part of each gene ...19947805866
cloning and sequencing of four structural genes for the na(+)-translocating nadh-ubiquinone oxidoreductase of vibrio alginolyticus.oligonucleotide probes based on the n-terminal amino acid sequences of the nqra and nqrc subunits were used to clone genes for the na(+)-dependent nadh-ubiquinone oxidoreductase complex from vibrio alginolyticus. four consecutive orfs were identified encoding subunit proteins of 48.6, 46.8, 27.7 and 22.6 kda, respectively (nqra-d). a further orf, showing 71% homology to the bola protein of escherichia coli, was located upstream. from sequence comparisons, we conclude that the na(+)-dependent nad ...19947805867
cloning and nucleotide sequence of the carboxynorspermidine decarboxylase gene from vibrio alginolyticus.the gene (nspc) encoding carboxynorspermidine decarboxylase (cans dc), the last enzyme in norspermidine biosynthesis, in vibrio alginolyticus was isolated by immuno-screening and its complete nucleotide sequence was determined. sequence analysis of the subcloned fragment (2.0 kb) revealed an orf of 1131 bp encoding a protein of 377 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 42,008 da. the sequence of 20 n-terminal amino acids of purified cans dc was found to be identical to that predicted f ...19947812450
[extraintestinal infections caused by vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio alginolyticus at the county of funen 1987-1992].over a six-year period we detected 30 clinical infections caused by halophilic vibrios in a restricted geographical area. vibrio parahaemolyticus infections were found in 13 patients (three with wound infections, ten with ear infections), and vibrio alginolyticus infections in 17 patients, all of whom had ear infections. from 1987 to 1990, infections caused by marine vibrios were found in at most four cases annually, in 1992 in six instances, whereas over a five-month period in 1991 we experienc ...19947941065
cloning and sequencing of a k+ transport gene (trk a) from the marine bacterium vibrio alginolyticus.a gene has been cloned from the marine bacterium vibrio alginolyticus that functionally complements a mutant strain of escherichia coli, tk420, defective in k+ transport genes (kdpabc, trkd, trka). the cloned vibrio gene allowed tk420 to grow in a synthetic medium containing less than 10 mm k+ and concomitantly led to an increase in k+ uptake activity. the nucleotide sequence of the cloned fragment revealed an open reading frame, which encodes a protein with a predicted 458 amino acid sequence a ...19947948029
cloning and nucleotide sequence analysis of the colh gene from clostridium histolyticum encoding a collagenase and a gelatinase.the colh gene encoding a collagenase was cloned from clostridium histolyticum jcm 1403. nucleotide sequencing showed a major open reading frame encoding a 116-kda protein of 1,021 amino acid residues. the deduced amino acid sequence contains a putative signal sequence and a zinc metalloprotease consensus sequence, hexxh. a 116-kda collagenase and a 98-kda gelatinase were copurified from culture supernatants of c. histolyticum. while the former degraded both native and denatured collagen, the lat ...19947961400
potentially pathogenic vibrios associated with mussels from a tropical region on the atlantic coast of brazil.mussels (perna perna) harvested on the coast of ubatuba, in three different stations in the state of são paulo, brazil, were examined for vibrio spp. over a 1 year period. the ranges of most probable number (mpn 100 g-1) were: vibrio alginolyticus (< 3-24,000), v. parahaemolyticus (< 3-24,000), v. fluvialis (< 3-1100), v. cholerae non-o1 (< 3-23), v. furnissii (< 3-30), v. mimicus (< 3-9) and v. vulnificus (< 3-3). the highest incidence was observed for v. alginolyticus (92-100%), followed by v. ...19947989253
regulation of extracellular copper-binding proteins in copper-resistant and copper-sensitive mutants of vibrio alginolyticus.extracellular proteins of wild-type vibrio alginolyticus were compared with those of copper-resistant and copper-sensitive mutants. one copper-resistant mutant (cu40b3) constitutively produced an extracellular protein with the same apparent molecular mass (21 kda) and chromatographic behavior as copper-binding protein (cubp), a copper-induced supernatant protein which has been implicated in copper detoxification in wild-type v. alginolyticus. copper-sensitive v. alginolyticus mutants displayed a ...19948031076
extraintestinal infections caused by vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio alginolyticus in a danish county, 1987-1992.over a 6-year period we detected 30 clinical infections caused by halophilic vibrios in a restricted geographical area. vibrio parahaemolyticus infections were found in 13 patients (3 with wound infections, 10 with ear infections), and vibrio alginolyticus infections in 17 patients, all of whom had ear infections. from 1987 to 1990, infections caused by marine vibrios were found in at most 4 cases annually, in 1992 in 6 instances, whereas in a 5-month period in 1991 we experienced 15 cases of ex ...19938052813
responses of diverse heterotrophic bacteria to elevated copper concentrations.the influence of copper on the growth of escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, bacillus cereus, bacillus subtilis, vibrio parahaemolyticus, vibrio alginolyticus (three strains), and an unidentified vibrio sp. was examined in batch cultures. the effects of copper at micromolar concentrations varied from undetectable to complete growth inhibition. each strain was able to recover from a growth lag observed after copper addition at a characteristic concentration. copper concentrations that allow ...19948069784
cloning and sequencing of an na+/h+ antiporter gene from the marine bacterium vibrio alginolyticus.a gene has been cloned from a dna library from the marine bacterium vibrio alginolyticus that functionally complements a mutant strain of escherichia coli, nm81, defective in an na+/h+ antiporter (nhaa). the cloned vibrio gene restored nm81 to grow in a medium containing 0.5 m nacl at ph 7.5 and concomitantly led to an increase in na+/h+ antiport activity. the nucleotide sequence of the cloned fragment revealed an open reading frame, which encodes a protein with a predicted 383 amino acid sequen ...19948142450
evaluation of hawaiian green turtles (chelonia mydas) for potential pathogens associated with fibropapillomas.thirty-two juvenile green turtles (chelonia mydas) were captured alive in kaneohe bay, island of oahu, hawaii, during september 1991. ten of the turtles sampled were afflicted with green turtle fibropapillomatosis (gtfp) in varying degrees of severity. virus isolation attempts were negative in all individuals. using nasopharyngeal and cloacal swabs, we isolated 28 gram negative bacteria, five gram positive cocci, bacillus spp., and diphtheroids. the most common isolates included pseudomonas fluo ...19948151829
respiration-driven na+ pump of the marine vibrio is encoded by chromosomal dna.a plasmid-cured strain of the marine vibrio alginolyticus 138-2 retains a respiration-driven na+ pump. examinations of several strains of v. alginolyticus and v. parahaemolyticus revealed that these murine vibrio always possessed the respiration-driven na+ pump irrespective of the presence or absence of plasmids. these results strongly suggested that the genes for the na+ pump were encoded by chromosomal dna.19938220320
na(+)-translocating nadh-quinone reductase of marine and halophilic bacteria.the respiratory chain of marine and moderately halophilic bacteria requires na+ for maximum activity, and the site of na(+)-dependent activation is located in the nadh-quinone reductase segment. the na(+)-dependent nadh-quinone reductase purified from marine bacterium vibrio alginolyticus is composed of three subunits, alpha, beta, and gamma, with apparent m(r) of 52, 46, and 32 kda, respectively. the fad-containing beta-subunit reacts with nadh and reduces ubiquinone-1 (q-1) by a one-electron t ...19938226720
[the isolation of vibrio alginolyticus bacteriophage].we identified 4 bacteriophages of v. alginolyticus in 29 ones, which were first isolated from seafood. according to their character of the plaques, they were classified into two kinds: one plaque was clear, the other was opaque. the size of these plaques were different and their diameters are 0.5-3.0mm. by electron microscopy observation, they could be classified into two kinds; one has a long axie and hexagemal head, and a thin-long tail, the other has an equal axie hexagenal head and a very sh ...19938256441
[otitis media due to vibrio alginolyticus: the risks of the mediterranean sea]. 19938256965
purification and characterization of clostridium perfringens 120-kilodalton collagenase and nucleotide sequence of the corresponding gene.clostridium perfringens type c ncib 10662 produced various gelatinolytic enzymes with molecular masses ranging from approximately 120 to approximately 80 kda. a 120-kda gelatinolytic enzyme was present in the largest quantity in the culture supernatant, and this enzyme was purified to homogeneity on the basis of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the purified enzyme was identified as the major collagenase of the organism, and it cleaved typical collagenase substrates such ...19948282691
excitatory signaling in bacterial probed by caged chemoeffectors.chemotactic excitation responses to caged ligand photorelease of rapidly swimming bacteria that reverse (vibrio alginolyticus) or tumble (escherichia coli and salmonella typhimurium) have been measured by computer. mutants were used to assess the effects of abnormal motility behavior upon signal processing times and test feasibility of kinetic analyses of the signaling pathway in intact bacteria. n-1-(2-nitrophenyl)ethoxycarbonyl-l-serine and 2-hydroxyphenyl 1-(2-nitrophenyl) ethyl phosphate wer ...19938312476
isolation, characterization and sequence analysis of the scrk gene encoding fructokinase of streptococcus mutans.a gene encoding an atp-dependent fructokinase from streptococcus mutans gs-5 was identified within a 2 kb dna fragment immediately downstream from the scra gene. the gene cloned in escherichia coli also expressed mannokinase activity. insertional inactivation of this gene in s. mutans markedly decreased both fructokinase and mannokinase activities. nucleotide sequence analysis of the 2 kb fragment revealed an orf starting 199 bp downstream from the scra gene, preceded by potential ribosome-bindi ...19938336109
vibrio alginolyticus wound infection after exposure to sea water in an air crash. 19938359172
a case of vibrio alginolyticus bacteremia and probable sphenoiditis following a dive in the sea. 19938399897
growth, copper-tolerant cells, and extracellular protein production in copper-stressed chemostat cultures of vibrio alginolyticus.the influence of elevated copper concentrations on cell numbers and extracellular protein production was investigated in chemostat cultures of vibrio alginolyticus. high (20 microm) copper in the medium reservoir resulted in a dramatic drop in cell numbers which was overcome with time. the copper-stressed cultures established a new equilibrium cell concentration slightly (ca. 20%) lower than control cultures. copper-stressed chemostat populations contained an increased number of copper-resistant ...19938439167
purification and properties of cytochrome bo-type ubiquinol oxidase from a marine bacterium vibrio alginolyticus.ubiquinol oxidase was extracted from membranes of a marine bacterium vibrio alginolyticus with a nonionic detergent liponox dch and was purified about 130-fold by deae-sephacel, deae-5pw and sephacryl s-300. the purified ubiquinol oxidase was composed of three subunits with apparent m(r) of 79, 36 and 13 kda on sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the oxidase contained cytochrome b, cytochrome o and copper atoms. the presence of heme o was confirmed by reverse-phase hplc analysis. ubiquinol-1 ...19938443214
[otitis externa caused by vibrio alginolyticus: description of 4 cases].vibrio alginolyticus is a microorganism of marine environment which occasionally may cause infections on man. we described four patients with external otitis who had prolonged contact with sea water presented itch and seropurulent fluid. v. alginolyticus was isolated by pure culture from ear fluid of three of them and associated to v. fluvialis in another. the administration of ciprofloxacin in three cases, and ceftazidime in the other succeeded in the remission of the symptoms.19938471288
[isolation of vibrio alginolyticus in 2 cases of otitis externa]. 19938499526
sequence analysis of scra and scrb from streptococcus sobrinus 6715.the complete nucleotide sequences of streptococcus sobrinus 6715 scra and scrb, which encode sucrose-specific enzyme ii of the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system and sucrose-6-phosphate hydrolase, respectively, have been determined. these two genes were transcribed divergently, and the initiation codons of the two open reading frames were 192 bp apart. the transcriptional initiation sites were determined by primer extension analysis, and the putative promoter regions of thes ...19938500898
complicated suppurative otitis media in a greek diver due to a marine halophilic vibrio sp.halophilic vibrios are distinct from non-cholera vibrios and have been recognized increasingly as potentially pathogenic bacteria in extraintestinal infections. a case of suppurative chronic otitis media in a greek diver with vibrio alginolyticus recovered from an ear drainage culture, is reported. the patient received appropriate antimicrobial therapy and her hearing improved significantly after a tympanoplasty type i was performed. the association of halophilic vibrio spp. infections with prol ...19958551126
pathogenesis studies on vibrio alginolyticus in the grouper, epinephelus malabaricus, bloch et schneider.a pathogenic vibrio, strain s3y was isolated from an outbreak of vibriosis in grouper (epinephelus malabaricus) fry in kaohsiung, southern taiwan in november 1991. it was identified as vibrio alginolyticus on the basis of a number of biochemical tests. the bacterium was therefore identified as vibrio, a gram-negative, straight rod, motile, oxidase and catalase positive, swarming on tsa plate, fermentative and produced yellow colonies on tcbs agar. it did not utilise sodium citrate, but it was ge ...19958559039
detection of proteolytic bacteria in the upper respiratory tract flora of poultry.proteolytic bacteria were readily demonstrated among the upper respiratory tract flora of poultry in two chicken flocks and two turkey flocks. between 20% and 50% of birds in each flock had highly proteolytic bacteria in the upper respiratory tract flora, and the amount of the bacterial flora determined to be highly proteolytic in any given bird ranged from none to a majority. highly proteolytic bacteria recovered included five species of staphylococci, as well as two gram-negative bacterial spe ...19958561749
simultaneous measurement of bacterial flagellar rotation rate and swimming speed.swimming speeds and flagellar rotation rates of individual free-swimming vibrio alginolyticus cells were measured simultaneously by laser dark-field microscopy at 25, 30, and 35 degrees c. a roughly linear relation between swimming speed and flagellar rotation rate was observed. the ratio of swimming speed to flagellar rotation rate was 0.113 microns, which indicated that a cell progressed by 7% of pitch of flagellar helix during one flagellar rotation. at each temperature, however, swimming spe ...19958580359
existence of na+-translocating nadh-quinone reductase in haemophilus influenzae.we previously cloned and sequenced nqr operon encoding the na+-translocating nadh-quinone reductase (nqr) from the marine bacterium vibrio alginolyticus. a gene cluster very similar to nqr operon was found to exist in the genome of haemophilus influenzae rd. we examined the membrane fraction from h. influenzae, and the respiratory chain of h. influenzae was found to contain a na+-dependent nqr that is essentially identical to those found in the marine v. alginolyticus. these results indicate tha ...19968601449
cloning and characterization of moty, a gene coding for a component of the sodium-driven flagellar motor in vibrio alginolyticus.the bacterial flagellar motor is a molecular machine that couples proton or sodium influx to force generation for driving rotation of the helical flagellar filament. in this study, we cloned a gene (moty) encoding a component of the sodium-driven polar flagellar motor in vibrio alginolyticus. nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that the gene encodes a 293-amino-acid polypeptide with a single putative transmembrane segment that is very similar (94.5% identity) to the recently described moty of ...19968636046
nadh:ubiquinone oxidoreductase of vibrio alginolyticus: purification, properties, and reconstitution of the na+ pump.the na+-activated nadh:ubiquinone oxidoreductase of vibrio alginolyticus was extracted from the membranes with lauryldimethylamine-n-oxide and purified by two successive anion exchange columns. this preparation, yielding four major and several minor stained bands after sds-page, retained the nadh-dehydrogenase activity (with menadione as an artificial electron acceptor) and ubiquinone-1 (q) reductase activity. on further fractionation of the enzyme, the q-reductase activity essentially disappear ...19968639563
acute gastroenteritis caused by vibrio alginolyticus in an immunocompetent patient. 19958645804
expression and analysis of the gene for the catalytic beta subunit of the sodium-translocating nadh-ubiquinone oxidoreductase of vibrio alginolyticus. 19968674603
rotational fluctuation of the sodium-driven flagellar motor of vibrio alginolyticus induced by binding of inhibitors.rotation of the na(+)-driven flagellar motor of vibrio alginolyticus was investigated under the influence of inhibitors specific to the motor, amiloride and phenamil. the rotation rate of a single flagellum on a cell stuck to a glass slide was examined using laser dark-field microscopy. in the presence of 50 mm nacl, the average rotation rate (omega) was about 600 r.p.s. with a standard deviation (sigma omega) of 9% of omega. when omega was decreased to about 200 r.p.s. by the presence of 1.5 mm ...19968683575
cloning and sequencing of nhab gene encoding an na+/h+ antiporter from vibrio alginolyticus.a gene has been cloned from the marine bacterium vibrio alginolyticus that functionally complements a mutant strain of escherichia coli, to114, defective in three na+/h+ antiport genes (nhaa, nhab, chaa). the nucleotide sequence of the cloned fragment revealed an open reading frame, which encodes a protein with a predicted 528 amino acid sequence and molecular mass of 57212 da. this gene has 62% identity to nhab gene at the dna level from escherichia coli and the deduced amino acid sequence is 6 ...19968695633
the bacillus stearothermophilus nub36 sura gene encodes a thermophilic sucrase related to bacillus subtilis saca.the complete nucleotide sequence of the sura gene, encoding a sucrase from bacillus stearothermophilus nub36, was determined. sura was composed of 1338 bp and encoded 445 amino acid residues. the deduced polypeptide of m(r) 51519 showed strong sequence similarity to sucrose and sucrose phosphate hydrolases from bacillus subtilis, klebsiella pneumoniae and vibrio alginolyticus, and contained the 'sucrose box' residues thought to be important for catalysis of the transfer of fructose from sucrose. ...19968757729
effect of viscosity on swimming by the lateral and polar flagella of vibrio alginolyticus.by using mutants of vibrio alginolyticus with only a polar flagellum (pof+ laf-) or only lateral flagella (pof- laf+), we examined the relationship between swimming speed and the viscosity of the medium for each flagellar system. pof+ laf- cells could not swim in the high-viscosity environment (ca. 200 cp) in which pof- laf+ cells swam at 20 microns/s. the pof- laf+ cells swam at about 20 microns/s at normal viscosity (1 cp) without the viscous agent, and the speed increased to 40 microns/s at a ...19968759871
attachment of vibrio alginolyticus to chitin mediated by chitin-binding proteins.vibrio alginolyticus is the only culturable vibrio associated with the chitinaceous carapace of the copepod tigriopus fulvus (fisher 1860) living in ligurian coastal rock pools (tyrrhenian sea). the characteristics of the interaction between chitin particles and v. alginolyticus were studied by analysing strains isolated both from the copepod surface and from rock-pool water. the highest degree of attachment to chitin was observed at 20 degrees c, in the presence of 3% nacl. bacterial treatment ...19968760933
comparison of a fluorogenic assay with a conventional method for rapid detection of vibrio parahaemolyticus in seafoods.a conventional method and a fluorogenic assay for the detection of vibrio parahaemolyticus were compared. among 29 seafood samples examined for the presence of v. parahaemolyticus, 17 samples harbored v. parahaemolyticus, and trypsinlike activity was noticed in 19 seafoods. the added fluorogenic substrate was cleaved in single samples of shrimp, turbo, and cuttlefish from which v. parahaemolyticus could not be isolated by the conventional method. vibrio alginolyticus, in addition to v. parahaemo ...19968795246
association of aeromonas hydrophila and vibrio alginolyticus with larval mortalities of scallop (argopecten purpuratus)a bacteriological study was carried out in a hatchery of argopecten purpuratus located in northern chile which had been affected by severe larval mortalities. the phenotypic characterization of the bacterial strains revealed that vibrio alginolyticus was the predominant species isolated in the majority of samples taken from the different units of the hatchery (microalgae, swimming larvae, seawater of larval culture tanks, and a reservoir tank of 50-μm filtered seawater). however, the bacterial p ...19968812601
antibacterial activity in the coelomocytes of the sea urchin paracentrotus lividus.naturally present antibacterial activity directed against vibrio alginolyticus was demonstrated in coelomocytes lysate (cl) and cell-free coelomic fluid (cf) of the marine echinoderm paracentrotus lividus. kinetic analysis revealed that 5 min of contact was enough to induce significant bactericidal effect. maximum activity required 30 min of contact. nonsensitive to the effect of trypsin, the activity was almost completely suppressed by incubation with subtilisin. purified from cl by three succe ...19968829813
kinetics of adhesion of selected fish-pathogenic vibrio strains of skin mucus of gilt-head sea bream (sparus aurata l.).the kinetics of adhesion of vibrio strains isolated from diseased fish to skin mucus of gilt-head sea bream was studied. a modified langmuir adsorption isotherm was calculated, and the results obtained indicate that the strains tested (vibrio alginolyticus dp1he4 and vibrio anguillarum-like dc12r8 and dc12r9) showed a saturation kinetics except for v. alginolyticus (can), which showed a proportional adsorption kinetics. the adhesive capability for skin mucus does not seem to be an essential viru ...19968837420
n-terminal quarter part of tetracycline transporter from pacyc184 complements k+ uptake activity in k+ uptake-deficient mutants of escherichia coli and vibrio alginolyticus.in an attempt to clone a gene encoding the k+ uptake system from vibrio alginolyticus, two plasmids, pkt2 and pkt4, were derived from pacyc184. these plasmids allowed the growth of k+ uptake-deficient mutant strains of escherichia coli tk420 and v. alginolyticus fs181 in a low k+ medium. the pkt2 and pkt4 had an insertion about 7 and 6 kb, respectively, from the genome of v. alginolyticus. we prepared deletion plasmids from both plasmids and found that the site of genes inserted in the two was n ...19958845802
virulence of vibrio alginolyticus isolated from diseased tiger prawn, penaeus monodon.outbreaks of mass mortality among cultured tiger prawns (penaeus monodon) with white spotted syndrome (wss) in the carapace occurred in the summer of 1994 in i-lan, taiwan. a swarming strain val was isolated from hemolymph of the moribund prawns with tryptic soy agar (tsa, supplemented with 1% nacl, oxoid) and/or thiosulfate citrate bile salt sucrose (tcbs, difco) agar. this strain was characterized and identified to be vibrio alginolyticus. the strain was susceptible to antibiotics such as chlo ...19968867464
chemotactic responses to an attractant and a repellent by the polar and lateral flagellar systems of vibrio alginolyticus.chemotactic responses in vibrio alginolyticus, which has lateral and polar flagellar systems in one cell, were investigated. a lateral-flagella-defective (pof+ laf-) mutant, which has only a polar flagellum, usually swam forward by the pushing action of its flagellum and occasionally changed direction by backward swimming. when the repellent phenol was added, pof+ laf- cells moved frequently forward and backward (tumbling state). the tumbling was derived from the frequent changing between counte ...19968885393
isolation and characterization of vibrio alginolyticus isolated from diseased kuruma prawn, penaeus japonicus.outbreaks of serious mortality among cultured kuruma prawns (penaeus japonicus) with white spotted syndrome in the carapace occurred in the summer of 1993 in i-lan, taiwan. a swarming bacterium, strain swy, was isolated from the hepatopancreas of the moribund prawns using tryptic soy agar supplemented with 1% nacl and/or thiosulphate citrate bile salt sucrose agar. this strain was characterized and identified as vibrio alginolyticus on the basis of a number of biochemical tests. the swy strain w ...19968936369
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