| marine bacterial sialyltransferases. | sialyltransferases transfer n-acetylneuraminic acid (neu5ac) from the common donor substrate of these enzymes, cytidine 5'-monophospho-n-acetylneuraminic acid (cmp-neu5ac), to acceptor substrates. the enzymatic reaction products including sialyl-glycoproteins, sialyl-glycolipids and sialyl-oligosaccharides are important molecules in various biological and physiological processes, such as cell-cell recognition, cancer metastasis, and virus infection. thus, sialyltransferases are thought to be imp ... | 2010 | 21139844 |
| toxicity of photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae strains isolated from new cultured marine fish. | the in vivo and in vitro toxicity of bacterial cells and their extracellular products (ecps) from 16 strains of photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae isolated from 7 epizootic outbreaks were evaluated. on the basis of their 50% lethal dose (ld50) values (about 1 x 10(50 cfu), these strains may be considered as moderately virulent. however, their ecps were strongly lethal for redbanded seabream pagrus auriga causing fish death within 2 h post-inoculation (protein concentration ranged between 2. ... | 2010 | 21166312 |
| detoxification of am-241 solutions by humic substances: bioluminescent monitoring. | the study addresses the effect of humic substances on marine luminous bacteria photobacterium phosphoreum exposed to am-241 (3,000 bq l(-1), water solution). luminescent intensity of the bacteria was applied as a marker of their physiological activity. humic substances have been found to reduce the effect of am-241 on luminescence, decrease damage to cells, and change distribution of am-241 between bacterial cells and intercellular media. it was shown that water-soluble humic substances, being p ... | 2010 | 21174201 |
| pulmonary fungal infection caused by neoscytalidium dimidiatum in a risso's dolphin (grampus griseus). | neoscytalidium dimidiatum was isolated from two 12-18 cm abscesses in the lung and the mediastinal lymph nodes of a stranded risso's dolphin (grampus griseus). histopathologic examination of samples of these organs revealed the presence of hyphae and sclerotic body-like fungal elements. photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae was recovered from the dolphin's organs which also were found to contain numerous monorygma grimaldii cysts. no histopathological signs of morbillivirus infection were seen ... | 2010 | 21174494 |
| bacteriocin activity and probiotic activity of aeromonas media. | three strains of aeromonas media (161, a164 and a199) were shown to be active in-vitro producers of bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances (blis). for example, the producer strain, aer. media a199, displayed antagonistic activity against all strains tested of aer. caviae, aer. hydrophila, aer. salmonicida, aer. veronii var. sobria, listonella anguillarum, photobacterium damsella, eight species of vibrio and yersinia ruckeri. because of this wide-ranging activity against fish/shellfish pathogens, ... | 1998 | 21182714 |
| a novel model integrated concentration addition with independent action for the prediction of toxicity of multi-component mixture. | concentration addition (ca) and independent action (ia) have been used to describe the mixture of components having similar and dissimilar mode of action (moa), respectively. environmentally relevant mixture does, however, not follow the strictly similar or dissimilar moa. a novel model, which integrated ca with ia based on the multiple linear regression (icim), was proposed for predicting the toxicity of noninteractive mixture. the predictive power of the icim model was validated by data set 1 ... | 2010 | 21182889 |
| acute toxicity evaluation of explosive wastewater by bacterial bioluminescence assays using a freshwater luminescent bacterium, vibrio qinghaiensis sp. nov. | the compositions of explosive wastewater generated from tnt (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene) purification stage were characterized by using uv-vis spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ftir), high performance liquid chromatograph (hplc) and gas chromatograph/mass spectroscopy (gc/ms). the acute toxicity was evaluated by bacterium bioluminescence assay using a freshwater luminescent bacterium (vibrio qinghaiensis sp. nov.) and a marine luminescent bacterium (photobacterium phosphoreum). t ... | 2010 | 21185645 |
| optimal conditions for stability of photoemission and freeze drying of two luminescent bacteria for use in a biosensor. | bioluminescent bacteria have been used for many years for biotoxicological analysis. one of the main concerns with this microorganism is the low experimental repeatability when subjected to external factors. the aim of the present study was to obtain accurate, sensitive, and repeatable measurements with stable signals (during the detection and over days) for application in a water-analysis device for the detection of pollutants. growth conditions were tested and optimized. an optimal freeze-dryi ... | 2011 | 21191881 |
| salmonella typhimurium st213 is associated with two types of inca/c plasmids carrying multiple resistance determinants. | salmonella typhimurium st213 was first detected in the mexican typhimurium population in 2001. it is associated with a multi-drug resistance phenotype and a plasmid-borne blacmy-2 gene conferring resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins. the objective of the current study was to examine the association between the st213 genotype and blacmy-2 plasmids. | 2011 | 21223599 |
| a cmp-n-acetylneuraminic acid synthetase purified from a marine bacterium, photobacterium leiognathi jt-shiz-145. | a cytidine 5'-monophospho-n-acetylneuraminic acid (cmp-neu5ac) synthetase was found in a crude extract prepared from photobacterium leiognathi jt-shiz-145, a marine bacterium that also produces a ß-galactoside a2,6-sialyltransferase. the cmp-neu5ac synthetase was purified from the crude extract of the cells by a combination of anion-exchange and gel filtration column chromatography. the purified enzyme migrated as a single band (60 kda) on sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ... | 2011 | 21228490 |
| effect of humic substances on toxicity of inorganic oxidizer bioluminescent monitoring. | the current study deals with the effect of humic substances (hs) on toxicity of solutions of a model inorganic oxidizer, potassium ferricyanide. chemical reactions responsible for toxicity changes are under consideration. the bioluminescent system of coupled enzymatic reactions catalyzed by bacterial luciferase and oxidoreductase was used as a bioassay. general and oxidative toxicity of ferricyanide solutions were evaluated. ability of hs to decrease or increase general and oxidative toxicity of ... | 2011 | 21309025 |
| evidence for the role of horizontal transfer in generating pvt1, a large mosaic conjugative plasmid from the clam pathogen, vibrio tapetis. | the marine bacterium vibrio tapetis is the causative agent of the brown ring disease, which affects the clam ruditapes philippinarum and causes heavy economic losses in north of europe and in eastern asia. further characterization of v. tapetis isolates showed that all the investigated strains harbored at least one large plasmid. we determined the sequence of the 82,266 bp plasmid pvt1 from the cect4600(t) reference strain and analyzed its genetic content. pvt1 is a mosaic plasmid closely relate ... | 2011 | 21326607 |
| effect of halogenated fluorescent compounds on bioluminescent reactions. | the paper investigates an application of luminescent bioassays to monitor the toxicity of organic halides. effects of xanthene dyes (fluorescein, eosin y, and erythrosin b), used as model compounds, on bioluminescent reactions of firefly luciola mingrelica, marine bacteria photobacterium leiognathi, and hydroid polyp obelia longissima were studied. dependence of bioluminescence quenching constants on the atomic weight of halogen substituents in dye molecules was demonstrated. bacterial biolumine ... | 2011 | 21336798 |
| antibacterial compounds from marine vibrionaceae isolated on a global expedition. | on a global research expedition, over 500 bacterial strains inhibitory towards pathogenic bacteria were isolated. three hundred of the antibacterial strains were assigned to the vibrionaceae family. the purpose of the present study was to investigate the phylogeny and bioactivity of five vibrionaceae strains with pronounced antibacterial activity. these were identified as vibrio coralliilyticus (two strains), v. neptunius (two strains), and photobacterium halotolerans (one strain) on the basis o ... | 2010 | 21339958 |
| susceptibility to antibiotics of vibrio spp. and photobacterium damsela ssp. piscicida strains isolated from italian aquaculture farms. | the antibiotic resistance patterns of aetiological agents responsible for vibriosis and pasteurellosis were studied to contribute to control the spread of these two bacterial diseases in mediterranean fish farming. strains of photobacterium damsela ssp. piscicida, vibrio fluvialis, vibrio alginolyticus, vibrio parahaemolyticus, vibrio metschnikovii, isolated from italian aquaculture (fish, shellfish and crustaceans) sites, were assayed for their susceptibility to some antibacterial agents curren ... | 2011 | 21344147 |
| development of a real-time pcr assay with an internal amplification control for detection of gram-negative histamine-producing bacteria in fish. | prompt detection of bacteria that contribute to scombrotoxin (histamine) fish poisoning can aid in the detection of potentially toxic fish products and prevent the occurrence of illness. we report development of the first real-time pcr method for rapid detection of gram-negative histamine-producing bacteria (hpb) in fish. the real-time pcr assay was 100% inclusive for detecting high-histamine producing isolates and did not detect any of the low- or non-histamine producing isolates. the efficienc ... | 2010 | 21356438 |
| effect of americium-241 on luminous bacteria. role of peroxides. | the effect of americium-241 ((241)am), an alpha-emitting radionuclide of high specific activity, on luminous bacteria photobacterium phosphoreum was studied. traces of (241)am in nutrient media (0.16-6.67 kbq/l) suppressed the growth of bacteria, but enhanced luminescence intensity and quantum yield at room temperature. lower temperature (4 -¦c) increased the time of bacterial luminescence and revealed a stage of bioluminescence inhibition after 150 h of bioluminescence registration start. the r ... | 2011 | 21388726 |
| effect of enzyme producing microorganisms on the biomass of epigeic earthworms (eisenia fetida) in vermicompost. | we analyzed the bacterial community structure of the intestines of earthworms and determined the effect of enzyme producing microorganisms on the biomass of earthworms in vermicompost. fifty-seven bacterial 16s rdna clones were identified in the intestines of earthworms by using polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (pcr-dgge) analysis. entomoplasma somnilux and bacillus licheniformis were the dominant microorganisms; other strains included aeromonas, bacillus, clostr ... | 2011 | 21421302 |
| [effect of tririum on growth and bioluminescence of p. phosphoreum bacteria]. | effect of tritium labeled amino acid valine (0.3-1.0 mbq/ml) on luminous bacteria p. phosphoreum was studied. the amino acid was used as a nutrient medium for the bacteria. tritium was found to suppress bacterial growth, but stimulate luminescence: luminescence intensity, quantum yield and time of light-emitting were increased. activation of the luminescent function is explained by redistribution of electronic density at beta-decay, and affecting biochemical processes in the bacterial media. eff ... | 2010 | 21434387 |
| fluorescence-pcr assays and isolation of luminescent bacterial clones using an automated plate reader. | the genes responsible for luminescence in various species of the marine microorganism photobacterium, have been used for many years as a tool by researchers and instructors. in particular, the lux operon of photobacterium fischeri has been used by many instructors to teach recombinant dna techniques. two methods using an automated plate reader and multiwell plates were applied to a set of previously-published exercises. in these exercises that involve transfer of lux genes to escherichia coli to ... | 2011 | 21445904 |
| constrained water access to the active site of cytochrome p450 from the piezophilic bacterium photobacterium profundum. | living species inhabiting ocean deeps must adapt to high hydrostatic pressure. this adaptation, which must enable functioning under conditions of promoted protein hydration, is especially important for proteins such as cytochromes p450 that exhibit functionally important hydration-dehydration dynamics. here we study the interactions of substrates with cytochrome p450-ss9, a putative fatty acid hydroxylase from the piezophilic bacterium photobacterium profundum ss9, and characterize the protein's ... | 2010 | 21475616 |
| genome sequence of photobacterium mandapamensis strain svers.1.1, the bioluminescent symbiont of the cardinal fish siphamia versicolor. | photobacterium mandapamensis is one of three luminous photobacterium species able to form species-specific bioluminescent symbioses with marine fishes. here, we present the draft genome sequence of p. mandapamensis strain svers.1.1, the bioluminescent symbiont of the cardinal fish siphamia versicolor, the first genome of a symbiotic, luminous photobacterium species to be sequenced. analysis of the sequence provides insight into differences between p. mandapamensis and other luminous and symbioti ... | 2011 | 21478348 |
| molecular and functional characterization of the gilthead seabream β-defensin demonstrate its chemotactic and antimicrobial activity. | antimicrobial peptides (amps) are important mediators of the innate immune response against bacteria and viruses. we have found a β-defensin (bd) gene searching the expressed sequence tags (ests) of the teleost fish gilthead seabream (sparus aurata). the clone contains an open reading frame of 201bp mrna that encodes a putative seabream β-defensin (sabd) propeptide of 66 amino acids containing the six conserved cysteines as the main signature of this amp. the phylogenetic tree shows that sabd, a ... | 2011 | 21497909 |
| natural history of slc11 genes in vertebrates: tales from the fish world. | abstract: | 2011 | 21501491 |
| favourable effects of eicosapentaenoic acid on the late step of the cell division in a piezophilic bacterium, shewanella violacea dss12, at high-hydrostatic pressures. | shewanella violacea dss12, a deep-sea bacterium, produces eicosapentaenoic acid (epa) as a component of membrane phospholipids. although various isolates from the deep sea, such as photobacterium profundum ss9, colwellia psychrerythraea 34h and various shewanella strains, produce epa- or docosahexaenoic acid-containing phospholipids, the physiological role of these polyunsaturated fatty acids remains unclear. in this article, we illustrate the physiological importance of epa for high-pressure ad ... | 2011 | 21518217 |
| occurrence of both subspecies of photobacterium damselae in mullets collected in the river magra (italy). | the natural reservoirs and biological characteristics of pathogenic populations of both subspecies of photobacterium damselae in aquatic habitants remain unclear because of difficulties in obtaining pathogenic strains from the environment. in the present study, we assessed the occurrence of photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida and photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae , considered to be the causative agent of past epizootic outbreaks in mullets collected in the river magra, italy. two hund ... | 2011 | 21529120 |
| treatment of a textile effluent from dyeing with cochineal extracts using trametes versicolor fungus. | trametes versicolor (tv) fungus can degrade synthetic dyes that contain azo groups, anthraquinone, triphenylmethane polymers, and heterocyclic groups. however, no references have been found related to the degradation of natural dyes, such as the carminic acid that is contained in the cochineal extract. experiments to determine the decolorization of the effluent used in the cotton dyeing process with cochineal extract by means of tv fungus were done. treatments to determine decolorization in the ... | 2011 | 21552764 |
| expression, purification, and characterization of a recombinant flavin reductase from the luminescent marine bacterium photobacterium leiognathi: a set of exercises for students. | in photobacterium, the flavin reductase encoded by luxg regenerates the reduced form of flavin mononucleotide (fmn). reduced fmn is one of the substrates of the luciferase enzyme that catalyzes a light-emitting reaction. a set of experiments, that employs a luxg-expression plasmid construct (pghis) and is suitable for an undergraduate laboratory course, is presented. hexahistidine-tagged protein is expressed in e. coli from pghis, with the t7 rna polymerase/lac repressor induction system. bacter ... | 2010 | 21567817 |
| visualization of sialic acid produced on bacterial cell surfaces by lectin staining. | oligosaccharides containing n-acetylneuraminic acid on the cell surface of some pathogenic bacteria are important for host-microbe interactions. n-acetylneuraminic acid (neu5ac) plays a major role in the pathogenicity of bacterial pathogens. for example, cell surface sialyloligosaccharide moieties of the human pathogen haemophilus influenzae are involved in virulence and adhesion to host cells. in this study, we have established a method of visualizing neu5ac linked to a glycoconjugate on the ba ... | 2010 | 21576867 |
| seafood quality analysis: molecular identification of dominant microbiota after ice storage on several general growth media. | this study points out the limitations of several general growth media frequently used in seafood research by a systematic identification of the microorganisms on fish samples during ice storage unable to grow on those media. aerobic psychrotrophic count (apc), replication on various general media and total cultivable microbial community denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) analysis revealed that many potential spoilage microorganisms were overlooked. those microorganisms overlooked by ... | 2011 | 21645815 |
| biodegradation of enteromorpha prolifera by mangrove degrading micro-community with physical-chemical pretreatment. | the bacteria involved in the biodegradation of enteromorpha prolifera (ep) are largely unknown, especially in offshore mangrove environments. in order to obtain the bacterial ep-degrading communities, sediments from a typical mangrove forest were sampled on the roots of mangrove in dongzhai port (haikou, china). the sediments were enriched with crude ep powders as the sole carbon source. the bacterial composition of the resulting mangrove-degrading micro-community (mdmc), named d2-1, was analyse ... | 2011 | 21660543 |
| identification and cloning of a selenophosphate synthetase (sps) from tiger shrimp, penaeus monodon, and its transcription in relation to molt stages and following pathogen infection. | complementary (c)dna encoding selenophosphate synthetase (sps) messenger (m)rna of the tiger shrimp penaeus monodon, designated pmsps, was obtained from the hepatopancreas by a reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and rapid amplification of cdna ends (race). the 1582-bp cdna contained an open reading frame (orf) of 1248bp, a 103-bp 5'-untranslated region (utr), and a 231-bp 3'-utr, which contained a conserved selenocysteine insertion sequence (secis) element, a conventional p ... | 2011 | 21664929 |
| purification of a toxic metalloprotease produced by the pathogenic photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida isolated from cobia (rachycentron canadum). | the aim of the present study was to purify and characterize a toxic protease secreted by the pathogenic photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida strain cp1 originally isolated from diseased cobia (rachycentron canadum). the toxin isolated by anion exchange chromatography, was a metalloprotease, inhibited by l-cysteine, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (edta), ethylene glycol-bis(beta-aminoethyl ether)n,n,n',n'-tetraacetic acid (egta), 1,10-phenanthroline, n-tosyl-l-phenylalanine-chloromethyl keto ... | 2011 | 21812347 |
| dietary arginine and repeated handling increase disease resistance and modulate innate immune mechanisms of senegalese sole (solea senegalensis kaup, 1858). | stress is known to impair immune function and disease resistance in fish. in the present study, repeated handling was employed as a chronic stressor in order to verify whether its attributed immunosuppressive effects could be minimized by dietary arginine supplementation. therefore, senegalese sole (solea senegalensis) were air exposed daily for 3-ámin during 14-ádays (handling) or left undisturbed (control). in-áaddition, both control and handled specimens were fed 3 diets with graded levels of ... | 2011 | 21820517 |
| the effect of temperature on the bacterial load and microbial composition in norway lobster (nephrops norvegicus) tail meat during storage. | aims:ôçé the aim of this study was to update and extend our knowledge of the bacterial load and microbial composition in norway lobster (nephrops norvegicus) under commercially relevant storage conditions to optimize handling procedures. methods and results:ôçé total viable counts were performed at different storage temperatures (0, 4, 8, 10, 12 or 16-¦c) and after different storage times (1-7ôçâdays). storage at 16-¦c was found to be most detrimental, and storage at 0-¦c was found to be optimal ... | 2011 | 21689222 |
| phylogenetic analysis of culturable marine bacteria in sediments from the south korean yellow sea. | biogeochemical and microbiological characterization of marine sediments taken from the yellow sea of south korea was carried out. one hundred and thirty six bacterial strains were isolated, characterized and phylogenetic relationship was evaluated. the gene sequences of 16s rdna regions were examined to study the phylogenetic analysis of bacterial community in the marine sediments. among 136 isolates, 5 bacterial isolates were identified as novel members, remaining 131 isolates were fall into 5 ... | 2011 | 21675219 |
| [glycosides of hydroxylamine derivatives. i. phase transfer synthesis and study of isatine-3-oximes glucosaminides influence on bacterial luminescence]. | in the phase transfer system solid calcium carbonate-acetonitrile, per acetate alpha-d-glucosaminilchloride glycosilate easily deprotoned isatine-3-oximes hydroxyl groups. it was found that the presence in the reaction mixture a catalytic amounts of 15-crown-5 accelerated the process twice. obtained o-beta-d-glucosaminides were identified with 1h-nmr spectroscopy. features of synthesized compound's nmr spectra are discussed in comparison with those of another n-acetylglucosamine 1-o-derivatives. ... | 2011 | 21721259 |
| efficient chemoenzymatic synthesis of sialyl tn-antigens and derivatives. | an n-terminal and c-terminal truncated recombinant +¦2-6-sialyltransferase cloned from photobacterium sp. jh-ish-224, psp2,6st(15-501)-his(6), was shown to be an efficient catalyst for one-pot three-enzyme synthesis of sialyl tn (stn) antigens and derivatives containing natural and non-natural sialic acid forms. | 2011 | 21725542 |
| microarray based analysis of inca/c plasmid associated genes from multidrug resistant salmonella enterica. | in enterobacteriaceae, plasmids have been classified according to 27 incompatibility (inc) or replicon types which are based on the inability of different plasmids with the same replication mechanism to co-exist in the same cell. certain replicon types such as inca/c are associated with multidrug resistance (mdr). we developed a microarray that contains 286 unique 70 mer oligonucleotide probes based on sequences from five inca/c plasmids: pyr1 (yersinia ruckeri), ppip1202 (yersinia pestis), pp99 ... | 2011 | 21841024 |
| Hydrophobicity-dependent QSARs to predict the toxicity of perfluorinated carboxylic acids and their mixtures. | Perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs) have wide industrial applications because of their unique physicochemical characteristics. However, data on the toxicity of much of this chemical class is lacking, particularly with regard to mixture toxicity. In this study, the toxicity of individual PFCAs and their mixtures to Photobacterium phosphoreum were observed. There was a tendency of increasing toxicity from C3 to C14 PFCA and a tendency of decreasing toxicity from C14 to C18 PFCA because of "the ... | 2011 | 21843807 |
| quantification of total and specific gram-negative histamine-producing bacteria species in fish using an mpn real-time pcr method. | quantification of histamine-producing bacteria (hpb) is necessary in order to elucidate the role that hpb play in scombrotoxin (histamine) fish poisoning. we report here the evaluation of a real-time pcr method for the quantification of total and specific gram-negative hpb species in fish using a most probable number (mpn) format. the species-specific real-time pcr assay was 100% inclusive for independently detecting morganella morganii, enterobacter aerogenes, raoultella planticola/ornithinolyt ... | 2011 | 21839377 |
| The joint effects of sulfonamides and their potentiator on Photobacterium phosphoreum: differences between the acute and chronic mixture toxicity mechanisms. | Organisms are typically exposed to mixtures of chemicals over long periods of time; thus, chronic mixture toxicity analysis is the best way to perform risk assessment in regards to organisms. However, most studies focus on the acute mixture toxicity. To investigate the difference between chronic mixture toxicity and acute mixture toxicity, Photobacterium phosphoreum were exposed to chronic (24 h exposure) and acute (15 min exposure) toxicity of single sulfonamide (SA) and their potentiator (trim ... | 2012 | 21944043 |
| control of halophilic histamine-producing bacteria by using natural antimicrobials and other agents. | we have investigated the control of halophilic histamine-producing bacteria, photobacterium phosphoerum and photobacterium damselae by using vapor of essential oils and other agents. three of fourteen essential oils showed high antibacterial activity against histamine-producing bacteria. among food additives and detergents, ten of twenty-one food additives and seven of nine detergents also showed antibacterial activity. low concentrations of sodium chloride suppressed the growth of both species. ... | 2011 | 22200797 |
| The Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae hemolysins damselysin and HlyA are encoded within a new virulence plasmid. | Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae (formerly Vibrio damsela) is a marine bacterium that causes infections and fatal disease in a wide range of marine animals and in humans. Highly hemolytic strains produce damselysin (Dly), a cytolysin encoded by the dly gene that is lethal for mice and has hemolytic activity. We found that Dly is encoded in the highly hemolytic strain RM-71 within a 153,429-bp conjugative plasmid that we dubbed pPHDD1. In addition to Dly, pPHDD1 also encodes a homologue of ... | 2011 | 21875966 |
| Influences of two antibiotic contaminants on the production, release and toxicity of microcystins. | The influences of spiramycin and amoxicillin on the algal growth, production and release of target microcystins (MCs), MC-LR, MC-RR and MC-YR, in Microcystis aeruginosa were investigated through the seven-day exposure test. Spiramycin were more toxic to M. aeruginosa than amoxicillin according to their 50 percent effective concentrations (EC(50)) in algal growth, which were 1.15 and 8.03µg/l, respectively. At environmentally relevant concentrations of 100ng/l-1µg/l, spiramycin reduced the total ... | 2012 | 22074855 |
| synthesis and biological activity of novel n-cycloalkyl-(cycloalkylaryl)-2-[(3-r-2-oxo-2h-[1,2,4]triazino[2,3-c]quinazoline-6-yl)thio]acetamides. | in this paper the novel n-cycloalkyl-(cycloalkylaryl)-2-[(3-r-2-oxo-2h-[1,2,4]triazino[2,3-c]quinazoline-6-yl)thio]acetamides synthesis by aminolysis of activated by thionyl chloride or carbonyldiimidazole [(3-r-2-oxo-2h-[1,2,4]triazino[2,3-c]quinazolin-6-yl)-thio]acetic acids and alkylation of the 3-r-6-thio-6,7-dihydro-2h-[1,2,4]triazino[2,3-c]quinazoline-2-ones potassium salts with n-cycloalkyl-(cycloalkylaryl)-2-chloroacetamides are proposed. the structures of compounds are determined by (1) ... | 2011 | 22051065 |
| Study of the microbial ecology of wild and aquacultured Tunisian fresh fish. | Eighty samples of fresh fish were collected in Tunisia and analyzed for microbial load. Quality and hygienic safety of the meat and intestines of wild and aquacultured fresh fish were determined. The mesophilic aerobic plate count and populations of psychrotrophic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and other psychrotrophic bacteria ranged from 5.67 to 7.29, 4.51 to 6, and 5.07 to 6.21 log CFU/g, respectively. For all microbiological determinations, bacterial counts were lower in meat than in the intest ... | 2011 | 22004828 |
| a pilot study of the water quality of the yarra river, victoria, australia, using in vitro techniques. | a pilot study was initiated to provide the first information on the recombinant receptor-reporter gene bioassay (hormonal) activity of freshwaters in victoria. the project involved the collection of water samples from six stations on the main stem of the yarra river in and upstream of the city of melbourne, australia in april 2008 and april 2009. samples were prepared for measurement of sample toxicity using a modified photobacterium test, genotoxicity using a high-throughput luminescent umu tes ... | 2011 | 21894495 |
| characterisation of the microbiota of atlantic mackerel (scomber scombrus). | in this study the microbiota of atlantic mackerel (scomber scombrus) collected by a commercial purse seiner was examined. fish were collected directly from the purse seine and from the refrigerated sea water (rsw) transport tank after loading. the culturable microbiota and specific spoilage bacteria (ssb) were quantified on iron agar lyngby (ial) and identified using commercially available biochemical api® kits on pure cultured isolates. these kits showed to be sub-optimal in characterising the ... | 2011 | 21914558 |
| historical microbiology: revival and phylogenetic analysis of the luminous bacterial cultures of m. w. beijerinck. | luminous bacteria isolated by martinus w. beijerinck were sealed in glass ampoules in 1924 and 1925 and stored under the names photobacterium phosphoreum and 'photobacterium splendidum'. to determine if the stored cultures were viable and to assess their evolutionary relationship with currently recognized bacteria, portions of the ampoule contents were inoculated into culture medium. growth and luminescence were evident after 13 days of incubation, indicating the presence of viable cells after m ... | 2011 | 22066815 |
| transesterification using the cross-linked enzyme aggregate of photobacterium lipolyticum lipase m37. | biodiesel is methyl and ethyl esters of long-chain fatty acids produced from vegetable oils or animal fats. lipase enzymes have occasionally been used for the production of this biofuel. recently, biodiesel production using immobilized lipase has received increased attention. through enhanced stability and reusability, immobilized lipase can contribute to the reduction of the costs inherent to biodiesel production. in this study, methanol-tolerant lipase m37 from photobacterium lipolyticum was i ... | 2011 | 22127127 |
| refined identification of vibrio bacterial flora from acanthasther planci based on biochemical profiling and analysis of housekeeping genes. | we used a polyphasic approach for precise identification of bacterial flora (vibrionaceae) isolated from crown-of-thorns starfish (cots) from lizard island (great barrier reef, australia) and guam (u.s.a., western pacific ocean). previous 16s rrna gene phylogenetic analysis was useful to allocate and identify isolates within the photobacterium, splendidus and harveyi clades but failed in the identification of vibrio harveyi-like isolates. species of the v harveyi group have almost indistinguisha ... | 2011 | 22013751 |
| acute toxicity and n-octanol/water partition coefficients of substituted thiophenols: determination and qsar analysis. | the acute toxicity (-logec(50)) to photobacterium phosphoreum and the n-octanol/water partition coefficient (logk(ow)) of 31 kinds of substituted thiophenols were determined at 298.15k. the -logec(50) values of studied chemicals are between 4.26 and 5.89. their logk(ow) values are between 1.34 and 4.02. comparative molecular field (comfa) and comparative molecular similarity index analysis (comsia) models established were successful in predicting -logec(50) and logk(ow) values of halogenated, me ... | 2011 | 22154146 |
| bacterial community associated with the intestinal tract of p. monodon in commercial farms. | the potentially important roles of intestinal bacteria on immune response, disease resistance, and nutrition for the black tiger shrimp penaeus monodon have been increasingly investigated. however, so far, little is known about the intestinal bacterial community of the shrimp in the commercial aquaculture settings. in this study, the intestinal bacterial communities of juvenile p. monodon (70 individuals) from eight commercial farms in thailand were examined using 16s rdna pcr-dgge, and seven 16 ... | 2011 | 21915632 |
| photobacterium atrarenae sp. nov. a novel bacterium isolated from sea sand. | the gram-reaction-negative, motile, facultatively anaerobic, catalase-positive, oxidase-positive bacterial strain m3-4(t) was isolated from black sea sand and subjected to a taxonomic study. cells of strain m3-4(t) have monotrichous flagella, grow optimally at 37°c and at ph 7-8 in the presence of 1-4% (w/v) nacl and hydrolyze casein, starch and l: -tyrosine. according to phylogenetic analyses using 16s rrna gene sequences, strain m3-4(t) belongs to the genus photobacterium and is most closely r ... | 2011 | 21861148 |
| Reduction of diazinon and dimethoate in apple juice by pulsed electric field treatment. | BACKGROUND: Organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) are widely used in agricultural production in China, and residues of OPPs in agro-products and foods have become a public health concern. Chronic exposure to OPPs can result in potential immunosuppressive effects, cytotoxicity and mutagenicity. Pulsed electric fields (PEFs) have the potential to be used as an alternative to conventional techniques of food production. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of PEFs on the degrad ... | 2011 | 21919007 |
| Acute Toxicity of Alkylpolyglucosides to Vibrio fischeri, Daphnia magna and Microalgae: A Comparative Study. | In this paper, toxicity values of alkylpolyglucosides have been determined by applying the 24-h immobilization test with Daphnia magna, the LumiStox(®) 300 test which employs the luminescent bacteria Photobacterium phosphoreum and the test with Selenastrum capricornutum. Three alkylpolyglucosides with different alkyl chain and degree of polymerisation have been tested. For all tests, the results indicated that Vibrio fischeri was more sensitive to toxic effects from alkylpolyglucosides than was ... | 2011 | 22127434 |
| evolution of inca/c blacmy-2-carrying plasmids by acquisition of the blandm-1 carbapenemase gene. | the bla(ndm-1) gene has been reported to be often located on broad-host-range plasmids of the inca/c type in clinical but also environmental bacteria recovered from the new delhi, india, area. inca/c-type plasmids are the main vehicles for the spread of the cephalosporinase gene bla(cmy-2), frequently identified in the united states, canada, and europe. in this study, we completed the sequence of inca/c plasmid pndm-kn carrying the bla(ndm-1) gene, recovered from a klebsiella pneumoniae isolate ... | 2011 | 22123704 |
| Bacterial bioluminescence as a lure for marine zooplankton and fish. | The benefits of bioluminescence for nonsymbiotic marine bacteria have not been elucidated fully. One of the most commonly cited explanations, proposed more than 30 y ago, is that bioluminescence augments the propagation and dispersal of bacteria by attracting fish to consume the luminous material. This hypothesis, based mostly on the prevalence of luminous bacteria in fish guts, has not been tested experimentally. Here we show that zooplankton that contacts and feeds on the luminescent bacterium ... | 2011 | 22203999 |
| solubility properties in polymers and biological media. 7. an analysis of toxicant properties that influence inhibition of bioluminescence in photobacterium phosphoreum (the microtox test). | | 1986 | 22185313 |
| Molecular mechanisms of hepcidin regulation in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). | Hepcidin, an antimicrobial peptide described as a key regulator of iron metabolism, is known to respond in mammals to several stimuli, including iron overload, anemia, hypoxia and inflammation, through a number of molecular pathways. In order to understand the molecular pathways involved in the regulation of hepcidin expression in teleost fish, we have isolated for European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) several coding sequences of known molecules involved on these pathways in mammals, namely j ... | 2011 | 22019826 |
| bioavailability, ecotoxicity, and geological characteristics of trace lead in sediments from two sites on negro river, uruguay, south america. | bioassays of two sites along the rio negro in uruguay indicate ecotoxicity, which could be attributable to trace concentrations of lead in river sediments. monthly samples at two sites at baygorria and bonete locations were analyzed for both particle size and lead. lead was determined by atomic spectrometry in river water and sediment and particle size by sieving and sedimentation. data showed that baygorria's sediments have greater percentage of clay than bonete's (20.4 and 5.8%, respectively). ... | 2011 | 21968803 |
| aip56: a novel bacterial apoptogenic toxin. | photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida (phdp) is a gram-negative pathogen agent of an important fish septicemia. the key virulence factor of phdp is the plasmid-encoded exotoxin aip56, which is secreted by exponentially growing pathogenic strains. aip56 has 520 amino acids including an n-terminal cleavable signal peptide of 23 amino acid residues, two cysteine residues and a zinc-binding region signature hexxh that is typical of most zinc metallopeptidases. aip56 induces in vitro and in vivo s ... | 2010 | 22069616 |
| In vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity of Asparagopsis taxiformis from the Straits of Messina against pathogens relevant in aquaculture. | Ethanol extracts of Asparagopsis taxiformis collected from the Straits of Messina (Italy) were screened for antibacterial activity against pathogenic shellfish and fish bacteria previously isolated from local marine and brackish environments. Genetic labelling by DNA barcoding allowed us to identify the algal population as a biogeographical strain conspecific to A. taxiformis. The extract obtained in May showed the broadest antibacterial activity against all tested pathogenic bacteria, especiall ... | 2012 | 22078751 |
| Atomic charges of individual reactive chemicals in binary mixtures determine their joint effects: An example of cyanogenic toxicants and aldehydes. | Environmental contaminants are usually encountered as mixtures, and many of these mixtures yield synergistic or antagonistic effects attributable to an intracellular chemical reaction that pose a potential threat on ecological systems. However, how atomic charges of individual chemicals determine their intracellular chemical reactions, and then determine the joint effects for mixtures containing reactive toxicants, is not well understood. To address this issue, the joint effects between cyanogen ... | 2011 | 22105991 |
| culture-based and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of the bacterial community structure from the intestinal tracts of earthworms(eisenia fetida). | the bacterial communities in the intestinal tracts of earthworm were investigated by culture-dependent and - independent approaches. in total, 72 and 55 pure cultures were isolated from the intestinal tracts of earthworms under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, respectively. aerobic bacteria were classified as aeromonas (40%), bacillus (37%), photobacterium (10%), pseudomonas (7%), and shewanella (6%). anaerobic bacteria were classified as aeromonas (52%), bacillus (27%), shewanella (12%), paeni ... | 2011 | 21952364 |