| development of fish peritoneal macrophages as a model for higher vertebrates in immunotoxicological studies. i. characterization of trout macrophage morphological, functional, and biochemical properties. | the immune defense mechanisms of fish are not as well characterized as those of mammals but seem to be related and similarly competent. because of this, there is an increased interest in the immune responses of fish as models for higher vertebrates in immunotoxicological studies. prior to such studies, baseline criteria for specific components of the immune response needed to be established. for this study, we have examined trout macrophage morphology using light and scanning electron microscopy ... | 1991 | 1649778 |
| research on aeromonas and plesiomonas. papers presented at the 3rd international workshop on aeromonas and plesiomonas, helsingor, september 5-6, 1990. | | 1991 | 1675175 |
| mannose-resistant adhesion of motile aeromonas to int407 cells and the differences among isolates from humans, food and water. | aeromonas has been recognized as an important enteropathogen, but factors related to its virulence have not been clarified. for most enteric pathogens, attachment is a prerequisite for infection and for the effective delivery of toxins to the intestinal epithelial cells. we examined a total of 273 strains isolated from stool, food and environmental specimens by an assay for mannose-resistant adhesion to int407 cells in vitro. seventeen of the 102 faecal isolates were adhesive strains with more t ... | 1991 | 1679017 |
| comparison of different media for the identification and quantification of aeromonas spp. in water. | in order to assess the suitability of the starch glutamate ampicillin penicillin-10c agar for the isolation of aeromonas spp. from waters it was necessary to compare the properties of this medium with those of three others, starch ampicillin agar, ampicillin dextrin agar and m-aeromonas medium, and to monitor different kinds of waters. a selection of forty eight samples were taken from moderately polluted river water, highly polluted river water, polluted sea water (littoral) and treatment & dis ... | 1991 | 1679321 |
| purification and characterization of aeromonas sobria pili, a possible colonization factor. | pili of aeromonas sobria ae1 were purified and characterized. the molecular mass of the pilin was estimated to be about 23 kda by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the ae1 pili were electrophoretically and immunologically distinguishable from the w pili of a. hydrophila ae6, although the two pili were morphologically indistinguishable. the n-terminal amino acid sequences of the two pilins were identical in the first 10 residues. strain ae1 and its purified pili adhered t ... | 1991 | 1680105 |
| aeromonas hydrophila wound infection. | | 1991 | 1686270 |
| aerolysin, a hemolysin from aeromonas hydrophila, forms voltage-gated channels in planar lipid bilayers. | the cytolytic toxin aerolysin was found to form ion channels which displayed slight anion selectivity in planar lipid bilayers. in voltage-clamp experiments the ion current flowing through the channels was homogeneous indicating a defined conformation and a uniform size. the channels remained open between -70 to +70 mv, but outside this range they underwent voltage-dependent inactivation which was observed as open-closed fluctuations at the single-channel level. zinc ions not only prevented the ... | 1990 | 1692344 |
| identification of the cell surface receptor for bacteriophage 18 from aeromonas hydrophila. | bacteriophage 18 was previously isolated by multiplication in aeromonas hydrophila. the bacteriophage receptor was shown to be the lipopolysaccharide (lps), specifically the low mw polysaccharide fraction (lps core oligosaccharide) a. hydrophila mutants, resistant to this phage were isolated and found to be devoid of lps o antigen by several criteria and had alterations in the lipopolysaccharide core. | 1990 | 1693217 |
| comparison of two o-serogrouping systems for mesophilic aeromonas spp. | two o-serogrouping systems for mesophilic aeromonas spp., national institute of health, tokyo, japan, and national institute of public health and environmental hygiene, bilthoven, the netherlands, containing 44 and 30 reference strains, respectively, were compared. nine strains in each system were considered identical. thirty-four unique strains were identified, and 22 strains of the two systems were in an a,b-a,c type of relationship to each corresponding o group. | 1991 | 1704382 |
| the role of alpha 2-macroglobulin in furunculosis: a comparison of rainbow trout and brook trout. | 1. the molecular basis for the high survival rate of rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss, infected with furunculosis was investigated. 2. alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2m), a major serum protease inhibitor, was partially purified from rainbow trout and brook trout, salvelinus fontinalis, sera; the latter species shows marked disease susceptibility. 3. it is shown that a 10-fold species-based difference in alpha 2m inhibitory activity exists against a furunculosis associated bacterial protease. 4. ... | 1991 | 1714367 |
| cellular but not humoral antibacterial activity of earthworms is inhibited by aroclor 1254. | earthworms, eisenia fetida andrei and lumbricus terrestris, exposed to aroclor 1254, followed by infestation with aeromonas hydrophila, elicited two types of responses. first, in e. fetida, there was no change in the ld50 nor in the in vitro antibacterial growth capacity of cell-free coelomic fluid. thus, aroclor exerts no influence on antibacterial proteins nor on the chloragogue cells responsible for their release. second, in l. terrestris, both a high ld50 value and no antibacterial activity ... | 1991 | 1723380 |
| site-directed mutagenesis at histidines of aerolysin from aeromonas hydrophila: a lipid planar bilayer study. | the role of histidine residues in the formation of channels by the cytolytic toxin aerolysin has been studied in planar lipid bilayers by substituting each of the six histidines in the native protein with asparagine. his341 or his186 mutants had the same channel-forming ability as native toxin, whereas the his332 and his121 mutants were less active. mutations at his132 and his107, which interfere with the oligomerization of the toxin, drastically reduce pore formation. these findings support the ... | 1991 | 1723472 |
| enzymatic characterization of vibrionaceae strains isolated from environment and cold-blooded animals. | enzymatic profiles were determined by the api zym system for 15 strains of non 01 vibrio cholerae, 4 strains of v. metschnikovii, 9 strains of v. anguillarum, 6 strains of plesiomonas shigelloides and 115 strains motile aeromonas sp. all of the tested strains produced alkaline phosphatase, leucine aminopeptidase and did not possess alpha-fucosidase and alpha-mannosidase. some differences in enzymatic activities among the tested vibrionaceae strains were noted. the strains of non 01 v. cholerae, ... | 1991 | 1725094 |
| binding of laminin and fibronectin by the trypsin-resistant major structural domain of the crystalline virulence surface array protein of aeromonas salmonicida. | the surface of aeromonas salmonicida is covered by a tetragonal paracrystalline array (a-layer) composed of a single protein (a-protein, mr = 50,778). this array is a virulence factor. cells containing a-layer and isolated a-layer sheets specifically bound laminin and fibronectin with high affinity. binding by cells was inactivated by selective removal of a-layer at ph 2.2, and neither isogenic a-layer-deficient a. salmonicida mutants nor tetragonal paracrystalline array producing aeromonas hydr ... | 1992 | 1730607 |
| seasonal variation in etiology of travelers' diarrhea. finnish-moroccan study group. | the etiology of travelers' diarrhea was studied in 579 adult finnish tourists participating in two packaged tours to morocco in the winter (n = 233) and fall (n = 346) of 1989. a research team accompanied the travelers, and a laboratory for enteric pathogens was established in agadir. at least one pathogen was found in 62% of the 60 diarrhea cases in winter and in 58% of the 111 diarrhea cases in fall. multiple pathogens were found less often in winter (8%) than in fall (21%, p less than .05). c ... | 1992 | 1730905 |
| can isolation of aeromonas hydrophila from human feces have any clinical significance? | a total of 27,480 stool specimens from 15,548 patients with gastroenteritis were analyzed for bacterial enteropathogens during a 4-year period between 1986-89 at a major referral center in saudi arabia. bacterial pathogens were isolated from 1,152 patients, salmonella being the most frequent, followed by campylobacter, shigella, and aeromonas hydrophila. the latter bacterium was found in 58 patients; seven of them were associated with other enteric pathogens, but a. hydrophila was the only organ ... | 1991 | 1744389 |
| etiology and management of diarrhoeal diseases in karachi. | the incidence of diarrhoeal disease are very high in our population and bacterial etiology amounts to 43.55% of all cases. pathogen such as aeromonas hydrophila, plesiomonas shigelloides, yersinia enterocolitica and campylobacter are also present in significant numbers, they make up 50% of bacterial causes. all enteric pathogens can be easily isolated on commonly used media and could be precisely identified by simple biochemical tests. | 1991 | 1744967 |
| [isolation of yersinia, campylobacter, plesiomonas and aeromonas from environmental water and fresh water fishes]. | yersinia, campylobacter, plesiomonas and aeromonas are known causative agents in waterborne diseases. for about 10 years, outbreak of diarrhea has been observed, especially among children, in the mountain areas of okayama. y. pseudotuberculosis recently isolated from non-chlorinated drinking water sources such as mountain streams and wells has been suspected to be the causative bacteria of the disease. attempts were made to isolate yersinia and campylobacter from water samples from rivers in rur ... | 1991 | 1747520 |
| recent advances in the study of the taxonomy, pathogenicity, and infectious syndromes associated with the genus aeromonas. | over the past decade, the emergence of aeromonas species as bona fide human pathogens and their probable role as etiologic agents of bacterial gastroenteritis have resulted in an explosion of scientific interest in the genus. major accomplishments occurring in this field during that interval include a more refined taxonomy, identification of new cell-associated factors (surface layers, pili), and the molecular analysis of selected extracellular gene products that may play a critical role in path ... | 1991 | 1747858 |
| aerokey ii: a flexible key for identifying clinical aeromonas species. | a small subset (n = 18) of highly discriminatory tests was derived from the feature frequency of 50 tests used in the study of 167 predominantly clinical aeromonas strains. seven of these eighteen tests were used to construct a flexible, dichotomous key, aerokey ii, for identifying clinical aerontonads: esculin hydrolysis, gas from glucose, acid from arabinose, indole production, acid from sucrose, voges-proskauer reaction, and resistance to cephalothin (30 micrograms). this schema was initially ... | 1991 | 1757558 |
| s-layer positive motile aeromonads isolated from channel catfish. | motile aeromonads are ubiquitous aquatic bacteria that can cause motile aeromonad septicemia (mas), a disease which affects channel catfish and can produce significant economic loss. motile aeromonads isolated from commercially-raised channel catfish were screened for production of s-layer protein in order to evaluate its potential role in natural epizootics. the s-layer protein was produced by 14 of 24 (58%) isolates from epizootics evaluated in this study. concomitant infections with other int ... | 1991 | 1758021 |
| amperometric monitoring of bacteria-induced milk acidity using a platinum disc microelectrode. | the acidity induced by the action of bacteria in milk samples was monitored amperometrically by using a platinum microelectrode. the measurements were performed directly on commercial packs of milk, stored at 32 degrees c, and were continued for 9-10 d after inoculation. the data were compared with those obtained by measuring the ph of the samples and the results are discussed on the basis of the metabolism of each bacterial species. the effects of the following bacteria were examined: staphyloc ... | 1991 | 1759720 |
| evaluation of brl 42715, a beta-lactamase-inhibiting penem. | brl 42715 is a new penem which inhibits a wide range of plasmid as well as chromosomally mediated bacterial beta-lactamases. we used a total of 902 recent clinical isolates, consisting of 455 enterobacteriaceae, 247 staphylococci and 200 other gram-negative bacteria to evaluate its ability for potentiation of amoxycillin. mics for all the 104 strains of methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus were reduced from 8-greater than 32.0 to less than or equal to 0.06 micrograms/ml in the presence ... | 1991 | 1760938 |
| treatment of symptomatic enteric aeromonas hydrophila infection with ciprofloxacin. | as a part of local sporadic outbreak of aeromonas hydrophila gastroenteritis, 3 symptomatic patients required hospitalisation. treatment with ciprofloxacin appeared to accelerate recovery from severe or persistent diarrhoea due to this organism. all the isolates from the outbreak were sensitive to this drug. | 1991 | 1767263 |
| isolation and characterization of turbot (scophtalmus maximus)-associated bacteria with inhibitory effects against vibrio anguillarum. | more than 400 isolates from the intestine and the external surface of farmed scophtalmus maximus as well as from fish food and hatchery water were screened for inhibitory effects against the fish pathogen vibrio anguillarum hi 11345 and seven other fish pathogens. the bacteria with inhibitory effects were then characterized with regard to their sites of colonization, especially the intestinal regions and sites within each region. of the total number of bacterial isolates from the intestine, 28% ... | 1991 | 1768092 |
| cloning and expression of a chitinase gene from aeromonas hydrophila in escherichia coli. | an extracellular secreted chitinase gene from aeromonas hydrophila was cloned in escherichia coli, and the gene product was detected in the culture medium. like the natural chitinase protein, the excreted chitinase had a molecular weight of approximately 85,000 and was subject to catabolite repression by glucose. | 1991 | 1768115 |
| distribution and survival of motile aeromonas spp. in brackish water receiving sewage treatment effluent. | the spatiotemporal distributions of aeromonas spp. and fecal coliforms in a cove receiving sewage treatment effluent and draining into a brackish lagoon were studied for 34 months with sampling at six stations. a total of 452 strains of aeromonas spp. were isolated and identified at the outflow of the treatment system and at stations in the cove. hemolytic activity of 289 aeromonas strains was determined. the aeromonas spp. and fecal coliform distributions showed seasonal cycles in the pond effl ... | 1991 | 1768120 |
| survival of the fish pathogen aeromonas salmonicida in seawater. | survival of aeromonas salmonicida in natural (non-sterile) seawater, as determined from colony counts on marine agar, was found to be influenced by the presence of potentially inhibitory organisms, i.e., acinetobacter, aeromonas hydrophila, chromobacterium, escherichia coli, flavobacterium and pseudomonas, and their metabolites. yet, samples, thought to be devoid of culturable a. salmonicida, were found to contain cells, which were filterable through 0.22 and 0.45 microns millipore millex porosi ... | 1991 | 1769545 |
| aeromonas hydrophila infections following clinical use of medicinal leeches: a review of published cases. | ten aeromonas hydrophila infections following postsurgical leech applications have been reported. these cases indicate that postsurgical wounds and damaged tissue can provide entry for either acute or delayed a. hydrophila infection. these infections can range from localized cellulitis to progressive myonecrosis and sepsis. these infections may occur with measurable frequency in groups of patients exposed to leeches. based on this review, it is recommended that leeches be applied only to tissue ... | 1991 | 1772993 |
| modification to the ritard surgical model. | the removable intestinal tie-adult rabbit diarrhea (ritard) procedure is the surgical model of choice for studying pathogenesis of diarrheas of campylobacter, escherichia coli, and aeromonas origin. other than nonhuman primates, the ritard rabbit is the only model that closely resembles human infection. classically, the ritard model is created by isolating the terminal ileum using umbilical tape placed in a slipknot fashion, and injecting the occluded segment with the organism of choice. the sli ... | 1991 | 1777445 |
| optimal growth temperature for the isolation of plesiomonas shigelloides, using various selective and differential agars. | the growth characteristics of known strains of plesiomonas shigelloides were compared with those of aeromonas species (the major competing species in environmental waters) on plesiomonas differential agar, inositol brilliant green bile salt, and modified salmonella-shigella agar at incubation temperatures of 37, 42, and 44 degrees c. using local isolates from clinical and environmental sources, optimal growth conditions, as determined by colony counts and the colony characteristics, plesiomonas ... | 1991 | 1777858 |
| specific binding of lactoferrin to aeromonas hydrophila. | the interaction of lactoferrin (lf) with aeromonas hydrophila (n = 28) was tested in a 125i-labeled protein-binding assay. the mean per cent binding values for human lf (hlf) and bovine lf (blf) were 13.4 +/- 2.0 (sem), and 17.5 +/- 2.7 (sem), respectively. the lf binding was characterized in type strain a. hydrophila subsp. hydrophila ccug 14551. the hlf and blf binding reached a complete saturation within 2 h. unlabeled hlf and blf displaced 125i-hlf binding in a dose-dependent manner, and mor ... | 1991 | 1778417 |
| [a report on the hygienic status of sacred "temizu" water in shrines]. | the quality of the sacred "temizu" water in shrines in kyoto was surveyed. it was found that the sources of "temizu" were the municipal water supply or domestic wells and that the "temizu" was usually used for washing the hands and mouth, while in certain shrines it was drunk as well. of 50 visitors responding to questions, 26 persons said that they drank "temizu". in some shrines using the municipal water supply as "temizu", the free residual chlorine concentration was lower than that in the mu ... | 1991 | 1779475 |
| bacteremia in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. | infections are frequent in patients with liver cirrhosis, as their defenses against infectious agents are altered. but bacteremia occurring in cirrhotic patients has seldom been reported in the literature. from 1981 to 1986, we collected 197 cases with 228 episodes of bacteremia for this retrospective study. the incidence of bacteremia in cirrhotic patients was 8.8%; no significant difference was noted between cirrhotic patients with variant etiologies of hbv(+), hbv(-) and alcohol. but the inci ... | 1991 | 1779712 |
| [aeromonads, their biological properties, antibiotic sensitivity, role in infection development]. | | 1991 | 1781716 |
| the pathogenicity of aeromonas strains relative to genospecies and phenospecies identification. | the relative pathogenicity of 80 aeromonas strains typed by biochemical (phenospecies) and genetic (genospecies) methods was assessed by determining the 50% lethal dose for each isolate in swiss-webster mice by intraperitoneal injection. overall, the maximum difference in virulence potential observed between the least and most pathogenic strains was a four log (10,000-fold) difference. results according to phenospecies designation supported previous investigations indicating that both a. hydroph ... | 1991 | 1783279 |
| [occurrence of conjugated r-plasmids in bacteria of the aeromonas genus isolated from purified urban sewage water]. | the aim of the study was to determine a participation of aeromonas sp., having conjugation r plasmids, in a population of the bacteria present in purified urban sewage . in 1 ml of sewage 1.8 x 10(3) - 50 x 10(3) of aeromonas sp., were found. the isolated strains belonged to the following genera: a. hydrophila, a. caviae, a. sorbia. all tested strains were sensitive to gentamicin, tetracycline, kanamycin and nalidixic acid. among 186 strains of aeromonas sp., two belonging to a. caviae genus tra ... | 1991 | 1784136 |
| significance of sinking particles in the distribution of motile aeromonas during the winter season. | the role of sinking particles in the distribution of motile aeromonas species was studied during the winter season. various environmental parameters and microbial populations were investigated to elucidate the relationship with motile aeromonads. motile aeromonas species were enumerated by most probable number technique with alkaline peptone water as the enrichment medium and modified pril-xylose ampicillin agar as the plating medium. aeromonas species were isolated in a water column in any one ... | 1991 | 1784252 |
| parapharyngeal soft-tissue infection with aeromonas hydrophila. | parapharyngeal soft tissue infections may be rapidly progressive and life-threatening. prompt institution of appropriate antimicrobial therapy is of paramount importance. this report highlights the potential virulence of aeromonas hydrophila in infection of the head and neck and the need to consider this organism in selected patients. | 1991 | 1791146 |
| antibacterial effects of different snake venoms: purification and characterization of antibacterial proteins from pseudechis australis (australian king brown or mulga snake) venom. | venoms from 30 different snake species were tested in a disc diffusion assay for antibacterial effects against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. a number of venoms gave a zone of inhibition against both groups of bacteria, including aeromonas hydrophila, an important pathogen of reptiles and amphibians. two antibacterial components from the venom of an australian elapid, pseudechis australis (australian king brown or mulga snake) were purified to homogeneity. the proteins, designated lao ... | 1991 | 1796476 |
| [assignment of strains of the mesophilic aeromonas group isolated from feces to their corresponding hybridization groups (genus, species)]. | | 1991 | 1799619 |
| a study of the bacterial and parasitic causes of acute diarrhoea in northern jordan. | the prevalence of bacterial and parasitic diarrhoeagenic agents in 200 patients suffering from acute diarrhoea and reporting to hospitals and health centres in northern jordan, and in controls was determined. one or more bacterial or parasitic enteropathogens was isolated from 79 patients (39.5%). prevalence rates for these pathogens was as follows: enterotoxigenic escherichia coli, 9%; enteropathogenic e. coli, 9%; salmonella spp. 7%; campylobacter spp, 5.5%; yersinia enterocolitica, 4.5%; shig ... | 1991 | 1800560 |
| nucleotide sequence and expression of an extracellular hemolysin gene of aeromonas hydrophila. | the extracellular hemolysin (ahh1) gene of aeromonas hydrophila atcc7966 was cloned into charomid9-28 in escherichia coli dh1, and its complete nucleotide sequence determined. escherichia coli carrying this gene expressed an extracellular heat-labile hemolysin for rabbit red blood cells. the minimum size of the coding region of the 2.6 kilobase-pair bamhi-sphi fragment was subcloned into puc118 and puc119, selecting for hemolytic activity. the nucleotide sequence of this region contained a singl ... | 1991 | 1800890 |
| acute diarrhoeal diseases in infants aged below six months in hospital in calcutta, india: an aetiological study. | in a prospective 2-year study, 218 infants aged less than 6 months admitted to a children's hospital in calcutta with acute diarrhoea and 102 infants (control group) from the out-patient department of the same hospital with similar age, sex and socio-economic composition as the diarrhoea patients, were concurrently investigated for enteropathogenic agents in the faeces. enteropathogenic escherichia coli, enterotoxigenic e. coli, and enteroadherent e. coli constituted the 3 types of diarrhoeageni ... | 1991 | 1801358 |
| activity of meropenem against antibiotic-resistant or infrequently encountered gram-negative bacilli. | meropenem was compared in vitro with imipenem as well as with several other contemporary beta-lactams, ciprofloxacin, and gentamicin against a group of highly antibiotic resistant members of the family enterobacteriaceae and a collection of oxidase-positive and/or glucose-nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli. in this study, meropenem was more active than imipenem against isolates of enterobacter, klebsiella, morganella, providencia, alcaligenes, aeromonas, and pasteurella. | 1991 | 1804016 |
| cultural conditions for aeromonas hydrophila affect the production of haemolysins with differing host specificities. | five strains of aeromonas hydrophila were studied for production of haemolysin specific for erythrocytes of various animal species using three cultural methods. all the strains produced haemolysin for all the erythrocyte species when the organisms were cultured on blood agar. using cellophane overlay method, all the strains produced haemolysin for fish erythrocytes and variable activity to mammalian erythrocytes. only one strain produced haemolytic activity for various though not all of the eryt ... | 1991 | 1804029 |
| what is the diagnostic value of beta-d-glucuronidase (bdg) activity of bacteria using fluorocult ecd agar for their cultivation? | a total of 1510 strains from 15 genera of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria were studied. more than 94% of 327 escherichia coli strains showed beta-d-glucuronidase (bdg) activity. seventeen serotypes from 170 e. coli o serogroup representatives were negative. relationship between the existence of bdg positive and negative e. coli strains in the same serogroup or serotype has not been observed. the rate of bdg positivity was 42% among salmonella arizonae strains and 42.2% among shigella st ... | 1991 | 1805501 |
| in vitro susceptibility of the fish pathogen aeromonas salmonicida to flumequine. | the activity of the fluoroquinolone flumequine was investigated against the fish pathogen aeromonas salmonicida and was compared with that of oxolinic acid. flumequine was more active than oxolinic acid in terms of its mic against oxolinic acid-resistant isolates of a. salmonicida and was as active as oxolinic acid against susceptible isolates. in contrast to oxolinic acid, flumequine was bactericidal, with only 1% of the bacteria surviving 6 h of exposure to the drug at concentrations slightly ... | 1991 | 1810198 |
| [a study on diarrhoea disease caused by vibrionaceae along coast the east of zhejiang province]. | a study of the etiology of 1028 cases of acute diarrhoea due to vibrionaceae was carried out between august 1988 to july 1990 along the coast of east zhejiang province. from 417 clinical cases (40.56%) were found. 590 strains (57.39%) of pathogenic vibrios among them, the detection rates of vibrio, aeromonas and plesionmonas were 48.14%, 44.74%, 7.12% respectively. there were 8 species of vibrio detected: v. parahemolyticus (63.73%), v. fluvialis (11.97%), v. alginolyticus (10.215), non-01 vibri ... | 1991 | 1816992 |
| determination of totalcoliform and faecalcoliform bacteria from bathing water with fluorocult-brila-broth. | the brila-mug one-tube-test in connection with the mpn-method can be used successfully to determine with sufficient reliability the number of indices of total coliforms and faecal coliforms according to the ec-directive for bathing waters. using the one-tube-test and determination of gas production, fluorescence and indole production is, from the hygienic point of view for surface waters, equal in value to subculture and biochemical identification. the test needs only a minimum of material and l ... | 1991 | 1817422 |
| microbiological investigation into ulcerative disease syndrome (uds) in fish in west bengal. | | 1991 | 1823339 |
| acquisition of iron from host sources by mesophilic aeromonas species. | the mesophilic aeromonas species are opportunistic pathogens that produce either of the siderophores amonabactin or enterobactin. acquisition of iron for growth from fe-transferrin in serum was dependent on the siderophore amonabactin; 50 of 54 amonabactin-producing isolates grew in heat-inactivated serum, whereas none of 30 enterobactin-producing strains were able to grow. most isolates (regardless of siderophore produced) used haem as a sole source of iron for growth; all of 33 isolates grew w ... | 1991 | 1826735 |
| iron acquisition and virulence in the motile aeromonads: siderophore-dependent and -independent systems. | during an infection, a microbial pathogen must acquire all of its iron from the host. aeromonas isolated producing the siderophore amonabactin obtain iron either from host fe-transferrin (siderophore dependent) or from host heme-containing molecules (siderophore independent). isolates producing the siderophore enterobactin do not utilize fe-transferrin in serum and probably rely exclusively on host heme iron. | 1991 | 1828435 |
| [the aeromonas genus]. | aeromonas hydrophila manifested itself since its discovery in 1891 as a pathogen of cold-blooded and warm-blooded animals and man. aeromonads cause intestinal and non-intestinal disease. the genus aeromonas comprises: a. hydrophila, a. sorbria, a. caviae, a. veronii, a. schubertii, i.e. mesophilie species and as to psychrophilie immobile species. a. salmonicida and a. media. for warm-blooded animals and man mesophilie motile species are important as pathogens. a. veronii is an ornithine-decarbox ... | 1991 | 1828721 |
| carp erythrodermatitis (ce) due to an aeromonas hydrophila infection. casuistic and experimental results. | in november 1987 high losses of carp (cyprinus carpio) with the main symptom of skin ulcera were observed in a farm in northern greece. sixty-six isolates of bacteria, characterized mainly as aeromonas hydrophila or pseudomonas spp. could be isolated from lesions of diseased fish. transmission experiments with these isolates using mirror carp showed that aeromonas hydrophila strains induced identical clinical and pathological pictures after intra- or subcutaneous injection. extracts of these aer ... | 1991 | 1830440 |
| cloning, mutagenesis, and nucleotide sequence of a siderophore biosynthetic gene (amoa) from aeromonas hydrophila. | many isolates of the aeromonas species produce amonabactin, a phenolate siderophore containing 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,3-dhb). an amonabactin biosynthetic gene (amoa) was identified (in a sau3a1 gene library of aeromonas hydrophila 495a2 chromosomal dna) by its complementation of the requirement of escherichia coli sab11 for exogenous 2,3-dhb to support siderophore (enterobactin) synthesis. the gene amoa was subcloned as a sali-hindiii 3.4-kb dna fragment into psup202, and the complete nucl ... | 1991 | 1830579 |
| siderophore production by aeromonas salmonicida. | growth under conditions of iron-restriction and the production of siderophores was examined in 21 typical and 14 atypical strains of aeromonas salmonicida. with the exception of one atypical strain, all strains grew and multiplied in the presence of the high-affinity iron chelators ethylenediamine di(o-hydroxyphenylacetic acid), alpha, alpha'-dipyridyl or transferrin. chrome azurol s agar was used to screen bacterial strains growing under these conditions for the production of siderophores. side ... | 1991 | 1830896 |
| [cholangitis caused by aeromonas hydrophila and aeromonas caviae]. | | 1991 | 1833749 |
| plasmid associated virulence properties of environmental isolates of aeromonas hydrophila. | the plasmid profiles, and their association with antimicrobial resistance, of 60 strains of aeromonas hydrophila isolated from fish, shellfish and water were investigated. only two strains were susceptible to all the antimicrobial agents tested; the highest incidences of resistance were to tetracycline (96.7%), prystanamycin (93.3%), ampicillin (91.7%) and cephalothin (91.7%). forty strains harboured one or more plasmids and the plasmid profile most frequently detected (15%) was the association ... | 1991 | 1834850 |
| mutagenesis and isolation of aeromonas hydrophila genes which are required for extracellular secretion. | transposon mutagenesis was used to isolate mutants of aeromonas hydrophila which were deficient in the production of extracellular proteins. the culture supernatants of two of the mutants were essentially devoid of the proteins normally secreted by the parent strain, despite their continued synthesis. western immunoblot analysis of one of these proteins indicated that normal signal sequence processing occurred but that normal zymogen activation did not, and cell fractionation experiments indicat ... | 1991 | 1846860 |
| isolation and phenotypic characterization of an oxidase-negative aeromonas salmonicida causing furunculosis in coho salmon (oncorhynchus kisutch). | an oxidase-negative aeromonas salmonicida was isolated from coho salmon (oncorhynchus) kisutch) suffering from an epizootic of furunculosis at the state hatchery near belfair, washington. typical, oxidase-positive a. salmonicida was isolated concurrently from the same population of fish. mortality was controlled with medicated feed treatments. evidence supporting the identification of the two types of a. salmonicida is presented. methods for the proper identification of oxidase-negative a. salmo ... | 1991 | 1850808 |
| aquatic and terrestrial bacteria in diving environments: monitoring and significance. | | 1991 | 1853470 |
| pathogenic vibrionaceae in patients and the environment. | | 1991 | 1853471 |
| aeromonas and plesiomonas as food- and waterborne pathogens. | aeromonas and plesiomonas have become increasingly recognized as human enteropathogens. plesiomonas shigelloides has mainly been recovered from various sea foods, whereas aeromonas sp. have also been cultured from pigs, broilers, eggs, milk and vegetables. aeromonas sp. also multiply rapidly at +4 degrees c which is a significant risk in food storage. aeromonas sp. have furthermore been recovered from fresh water sources, and some isolates are resistant to chlorination which makes it a further r ... | 1991 | 1854599 |
| vibrio navarrensis sp. nov., a species from sewage. | a group of 11 strains, mostly isolated from sewage water in the province of navarra, spain, were found to constitute a dna relatedness group which is 2 to 39% related to 23 species of the genus vibrio and 2 to 3% related to two aeromonas species. phenotypically, these strains have all of the properties that define the genus vibrio. however, they differ from the previously described species by three or more properties. the strains are negative for arginine, ornithine, and lysine decarboxylase act ... | 1991 | 1854642 |
| [molecular mechanisms of invasion and virulence in strains of the mesophilic aeromonas group isolated from human beings]. | | 1991 | 1854836 |
| the aeromonas hydrophila cpha gene: molecular heterogeneity among class b metallo-beta-lactamases. | an aeromonas hydrophila gene, named cpha, coding for a carbapenem-hydrolyzing metallo-beta-lactamase, was cloned in escherichia coli by screening an aeromonas genomic library for clones able to grow on imipenem-containing medium. from sequencing data, the cloned cpha gene appeared able to code for a polypeptide of 254 amino acids whose sequence includes a potential n-terminal leader sequence for targeting the protein to the periplasmic space. these data were in agreement with the molecular mass ... | 1991 | 1856163 |
| characterization of classic and atypical serogroup o:11 aeromonas: evidence that the surface array protein is not directly involved in mouse pathogenicity. | a number of different techniques were used to analyse classic and atypical serogroup o:11 aeromonas isolates. five of seven atypical o:11, s layer-negative strains lacking a homogeneous lps side-chain pattern exhibited varying degrees of mouse pathogenecity. one virulent atypical strain (ah-77) synthesized a surface array protein (sap) but was unable to anchor it to the cell surface in an intact form, presumably due to a defect in its lps architecture. proteinase k digestion to remove the sap, o ... | 1991 | 1857200 |
| site-directed mutagenesis of a single tryptophan near the middle of the channel-forming toxin aerolysin inhibits its transfer across the outer membrane of aeromonas salmonicida. | the channel-forming protein aerolysin must cross both the inner and outer bacterial membranes during its secretion from aeromonas hydrophila or from aeromonas salmonicida containing the cloned structural gene. we examined the fate of three mutant proteins in which trp-227, near the middle of the amino acid chain, was replaced with glycine, leucine, or phenylalanine by site-directed mutagenesis. all three proteins crossed the inner membrane and entered the periplasm in the same way as wild-type, ... | 1991 | 1860853 |
| high frequency of coinfecting enteropathogens in aeromonas-associated diarrhea of hospitalized peruvian infants. | rectal swabs from 391 infants less than 18 months of age who were hospitalized with acute diarrhea and from 138 similarly aged healthy infants were examined for the etiologic agents of diarrhea. aeromonas spp. were recovered from 205 of 391 (52.4%) diarrheic patients, whereas they were recovered from 12 of 138 (8.7%) controls (p less than 10(-11). among the 205 aeromonas-positive diarrheic patients, 118 (57.6%) were found to be coinfected with other common enteropathogens. of the 164 aeromonas-p ... | 1991 | 1864933 |
| aeromonas trota sp. nov., an ampicillin-susceptible species isolated from clinical specimens. | previous dna hybridization studies established 12 aeromonas genospecies, from which nine phenotypic species have been proposed: aeromonas hydrophila, a. sobria, a. caviae, a. media, a. veronii, a. schubertii, a. salmonicida, a. eucrenophila, and a. jandaei. we have delineated a new aeromonas genospecies, a. trota, on the basis of 13 strains isolated primarily from fecal specimens from southern and southeastern asia. all strains were highly related to the proposed type strain, ah2 (atcc 49657t): ... | 1991 | 1864939 |
| effect of aeromonas proteases on the binding of aeromonas hydrophila strains to connective tissue proteins. | 125i-labelled connective tissue protein binding to cells of aeromonas hydrophila, a. caviae, and a. sobria strains isolated from diseased fish, was correlated with the aeromonas protease degradation of 125i-labelled collagen types i and iv, fibronectin and laminin, immobilized on tissue culture microtitre plates. an inverse relation between 125i-labelled connective tissue protein binding to cells of aeromonas strains and proteolytic degradation of immobilized connective tissue proteins by aeromo ... | 1991 | 1865830 |
| haemolytic-uraemic syndrome associated with aeromonas hydrophila enterocolitis. | haemolytic-uraemic syndrome (hus) associated with aeromonas hydrophila enterocolitis is reported in a 23-month-old female infant. the a. hydrophila strain isolated from the patient's stool sample produced cytotoxin against verocells; increasing levels of cytotoxin-neutralizing antibody in the patient's sera were demonstrated, suggesting a recent infection. this report indicates that a. hydrophila should be suspected as a possible cause of hus, and that this pathogen should be looked for in cases ... | 1991 | 1867983 |
| structure of the tetragonal surface virulence array protein and gene of aeromonas salmonicida. | the paracrystalline surface protein array of the pathogenic bacterium aeromonas salmonicida is a primary virulence factor with novel binding capabilities. the species-specific structural gene (vapa) for this array protein (a-protein) was cloned into lambda gt11 but was unstable when expressed in escherichia coli, undergoing an 816-base pair deletion due to a 21-base pair direct repeat within the gene. however, the gene was stable in cosmid pla2917 as long as expression was poor. a-protein was lo ... | 1991 | 1869553 |
| aeromonas-associated diarrhoea in north india. | the incidence of aeromonas-associated diarrhoea in patients attending the hospital attached to the dayanand medical college, ludhiana, india was investigated during may 1984-may 1987. microbiological examination of single faecal samples from 2,661 patients showed the presence of various enteropathogens of which details of only aeromonas isolations are given and discussed in the present article. a small control sample of 105 age-matched healthy volunteers were also examined. only 55 patients (2.1 ... | 1991 | 1869799 |
| survival of aeromonas salmonicida in lake water. | the survival of aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida in lake water was investigated by using a variety of techniques. they included acridine orange epifluorescence, respiration, cell culture, cell revival, flow cytometry, plasmid maintenance, and membrane fatty acid analysis. during a 21-day study, a. salmonicida became nonculturable in sterile lake water samples. flow cytometry and direct microscopy indicated that cells were present. although the nonculturable cells could not be revived, th ... | 1991 | 1872606 |
| cloning and characterization of an extracellular temperature-labile serine protease gene from aeromonas hydrophila. | aeromonas virulence is thought to depend on multigenic functions. the gene for an extracellular protease from aeromonas hydrophila so2/2 was cloned in escherichia coli c600-1 by using pij860, bifunctional plasmid, as a vector. the gene encodes for a temperature-labile serine protease (p2) with a molecular mass of approx. 68 kda which is highly inhibited by pmsf. the gene was expressed in streptomyces lividans 1326 by transforming protoplasts with the original clone ppa2. we were also able to tra ... | 1991 | 1874394 |
| health status of salmonids in river systems in natal. iii. isolation and identification of bacteria. | both pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria were isolated from fish, both salmonid and non-salmonid, from selected river systems in natal. pasteurella pisicida was isolated for the first time from fish in south africa. the isolation of yersinia ruckeri, aeromonas salmonicida, and edwardsiella tarda were recorded for the first time from fish in natal. a. hydrophila and flexibacter columnaris were found to be widespread throughout the river systems in natal. the streptococcus species which caused ... | 1991 | 1881658 |
| comparative toxicity of organotin compounds to rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) yolk sac fry. | the comparative toxicity of various organotin compounds was investigated in early life stages of the rainbow trout. beginning with yolk sac fry, trout were continuously exposed for 110 days to tributyl- (tbtc), triphenyl- (tphtc) or tricyclohexyltin chloride (tchtc) at concentrations of 0.12-15 nm, to trimethyltin chloride (tmtc) at concentrations of 3-75 nm or to dibutyl- (dbtc) or diphenyltin chloride (dphtc) at 160-4000 nm. the diorganotin compounds dbtc and dphtc were about three orders of m ... | 1991 | 1882234 |
| physico-chemical and bacteriological parameters in a hypereutrophic lagoon (albufera lake, valencia, spain). | several physico-chemical parameters related to water quality, as well as saprophytic and public health-related heterotrophic bacterial groups were studied in a hypereutrophic lake (albufera, valencia) at different seasons. total microscopic and viable counts were compared, and, together with faecal indicators, were determined in water samples from different sites. heterotrophic bacteria grown on nonselective medium were identified to genus level and a diversity index was calculated. pseudomonas- ... | 1991 | 1882597 |
| multilocus genetic relationships between clinical and environmental aeromonas strains. | allelic variations in the chromosomal genome of 120 isolates of motile aeromonas (a. hydrophila, a. sobria and a. caviae) and eight reference strains with one plesiomonas shigelloides were assessed by analysis of electrophoretically demonstrable polymorphism in 16 genes encoding metabolic enzymes. the strains were collected from humans (n = 59) and from the aquatic environment (n = 61) in canton tessin, switzerland. clustering of the electrophoretic types (et) from a matrix of pairwise genetic d ... | 1991 | 1884994 |
| the role of cell-wall deficient bacteria (l-forms; sphaeroplasts) in fish diseases. | | 1991 | 1887263 |
| aeromonads and their significance as potential pathogens in water. | | 1991 | 1887266 |
| selective isolation methods for fish pathogens. | | 1991 | 1887270 |
| growth of and toxin production by aeromonas hydrophila and aeromonas sobria at low temperatures. | the effects of different temperatures on the growth and toxin production of aeromonas hydrophila and aeromonas sobria were studied. the results showed that these aeromonas species are not only able to grow at low temperatures (e.g. at 4 and 10 degrees c) but may also produce cytotoxin, hemolysin and enterotoxin under suitable growth conditions. | 1991 | 1888660 |
| behavior of aeromonas species at refrigeration temperatures. | the ability of many strains of aeromonas hydrophila and a. sobria to produce several types of virulence factors has been documented. the presence of aeromonas in drinking water, as well as in river and saline waters and on various finfish and shellfish taken from them, has caused some concern relative to the role this bacterium plays as a causative agent of human gastroenteritis. the fairly common occurrence of aeromonas on red meats, poultry and fresh produce and its ability to grow at 4 degree ... | 1991 | 1892739 |
| travelers' diarrhea among united states military personnel during joint american-egyptian armed forces exercises in cairo, egypt. | a study was conducted of travelers' diarrhea in a united states military population on deployment in cairo, egypt, during july and august 1987. acute diarrhea requiring medical attention developed in 183 (4%) of 4,500 troops. a possible etiologic agent was identified in 49% of all diarrhea cases. enteric pathogens associated with cases of diarrhea included: enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (17% st-producers, 13% lt-producers, and 3% lt/st-producers); shigella (9%); campylobacter spp. (2%); salmo ... | 1991 | 1900113 |
| cellulitis and compartment syndrome due to plesiomonas shigelloides: a case report. | we report a case of cellulitis, compartment syndrome, and septicemia associated with fish handling. the etiologic pathogen isolated from the wound and blood cultures was plesiomonas shigelloides. the pathogen can cause serious illness in people handling fish. | 1991 | 1900118 |
| purification of merozoites of theileria sergenti from infected bovine erythrocytes. | a simple and rapid method for purifying merozoites of theileria sergenti from infected bovine erythrocytes was developed. infected erythrocytes were lysed by the use of a cytolytic toxin produced by aeromonas hydrophila and the lysate was subjected to ultracentrifugation in a percoll discontinuous density gradient. pure and morphologically intact merozoites free of erythrocyte membrane were recovered from a band formed at the interface of 40% and 60% (by vol.) percoll solutions. in this merozoit ... | 1991 | 1902954 |
| incidence of aeromonas and listeria spp. in red meat and milk samples in brisbane, australia. | a total of 150 samples, 50 each of beef, lamb and pork from 10 local retail stores in brisbane metropolitan area as well as 150 raw bovine bulk milk tank samples obtained from queensland united foods (quf), were examined for the presence of aeromonas and listeria spp. over a period of 1 year. different sets of enrichment and plating media were used to recover the organisms with subsequent identification using conventional biochemical and serotyping techniques. a total of 509 isolates consisting ... | 1991 | 1904764 |
| unusual case of aeromonas hydrophila endocarditis. | we describe a case of aeromonas hydrophila endocarditis in a 66-year-old man with myelodysplastic syndrome and non-a, non-b hepatitis, the infection resolved with antibiotic therapy, but the patient succumbed to complications of his underlying illness. this is the second case of aeromonas endocarditis reported in the world literature. | 1991 | 1905319 |
| [phenotypic characteristics of 100 strains belonging to the mesophilic aeromonas group isolated from feces]. | phenotypic characteristics of 100 strains pertaining to the group of mesophilic aeromonas isolated in feces of patients with diarrhea (23 a. hydrophila, 34 a. sobria, 19 a. caviae, and 24 considered atypical because produced a the negative esculin reaction and a positive gas formation from glucose [tsi]). the percentages obtained in the different biochemical tests support the hypothesis that in this group there is a taxonomic complexity. we observed variations in the following tests: ldc, arabin ... | 1991 | 1906754 |
| inhibition of food-borne bacterial pathogens by bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria isolated from meat. | ten strains of bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria were isolated from retail cuts of meat. these 10 strains along with 11 other bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria were tested for inhibitory activity against psychotrophic pathogens, including four strains of listeria monocytogenes, two strains of aeromonas hydrophila, and two strains of staphylococcus aureus. inhibition due to acid, hydrogen peroxide, and lytic bacteriophage were excluded. the proteinaceous nature of the inhibitory ... | 1991 | 1908209 |
| [severe occurrence of idiopathic ulcerative colitis caused by aeromonas sobria]. | | 1991 | 1910924 |
| the application of two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to medical microbiology: molecular epidemiology of viruses and bacteria. | a variety of molecular methods can be used to identify protein and nucleic acid markers with which to investigate the epidemiology of viruses and bacteria. this paper reviews the application of two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-d page) for studying microbial molecular epidemiology. a small format 2-d page system is described for locating protein markers in group b coxsackie viruses (cvb) and haemophilus influenzae isolates. representative isolates of cvb serotypes 2, 4, and 5 ... | 1991 | 1915251 |
| distribution of aeromonas species in waters with different levels of pollution. | strains of aeromonas spp. (883) were isolated from 10 stations in the north-west of spain. biotyping of the strains gave: 55% aeromonas caviae, 34% a. hydrophila, 6% a. sobria and 5% aeromonas spp. phenotypic characters that have been claimed to be related to virulence such as haemolysis and the voges-proskauer reaction were detected mostly in a. hydrophila and a. sobria. the distribution of the species was significantly related to levels of faecal pollution in waters. aeromonas caviae predomina ... | 1991 | 1917727 |
| genes coding for integration host factor are conserved in gram-negative bacteria. | a genetic system for the selection of clones coding for integration host factor and hu homologs is described. we demonstrate that the hima and hip genes of serratia marcescens and aeromonas proteolytica can substitute for the escherichia coli genes in a variety of biological assays. we find that the sequence and genetic organization of the hima and hip genes of s. marcescens are highly conserved. | 1991 | 1917861 |
| [studies on motile-aeromonas infection: 2). development of a bacteriophage typing system for motile aeromonas]. | we succeeded in isolating aeromonas-susceptible phages from river water and mud after a few years (1983-1985) of painstaking effort. for the first time in japan, we investigated phagetypes of the bacterial strains isolated. the results obtained are summarized as follows: 1) aeromonas-susceptible phages were isolated from 82 (40.1%) of 195 samples of river water and from 23 (25.6%) of 90 samples of river mud. by the cross-matching test of the phages isolated from the 105 samples, these were class ... | 1991 | 1919112 |
| atypical characteristics of the salmonid pathogen aeromonas salmonicida. | incubation of aeromonas salmonicida at supra-optimal temperatures, i.e. 30-37 degrees c, resulted in the expression of motility by polar flagella, and changes in sugar fermentation patterns, e.g. loss of acid production from mannitol, loss of the ability to degrade complex molecules (aesculin, dna, elastin and gelatin), and an increase in antibiotic resistance (notably co-trimoxazole). motility was enhanced in cultures grown in brain heart infusion broth supplemented with 18% (w/v) ficoll. | 1991 | 1919508 |
| aeromonas hydrophila: variability in biochemical characteristics of environmental isolates. | a total of 161 strains, including 144 aeromonads, of which 100 had been isolated from water and sediment samples from the chesapeake bay, five clinical and 33 anacostia river isolates of aeromonas hydrophila, six aeromonas sobria, and ten reference cultures were examined in a numerical taxonomy study in which each of the strains were examined for 56 unit characters. similarity between strains was computed using the simple matching (ssm) and jaccard (sj) coefficients. the strains were clustered b ... | 1991 | 1920081 |