Publications

intracellular accumulation of extracellular proteins by pleiotropic export mutants of aeromonas hydrophila.	pleiotropic export mutants of aeromonas hydrophila were obtained which are unable to release protease, hemolysin, and glycerophospholipid:cholesterol acyltransferase. the synthesis of the proteins was not impaired; they were accumulated in active forms inside the mutant cells. the hemolysin could be isolated from cell contents by immunoprecipitation in a form with the same apparent molecular weight as the wild-type extracellular product, as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel ...	1983	6833182
alligator bites and related infections.		1983	6833985
[allomonads--a new group of microorganisms of the family vibrionaceae. v. taxonomic position of the allomonads based on a study of their dna].	the dna of allomonas, a new group of microorganisms, has been studied to determine the taxonomic status of this group. in the nucleotide composition of the dna of a typical representative of this group 57.4 mol % g + c have been revealed, which permits to sharply differentiate allomonas from vibrios and plesiomonas. a relatively low level of similarity between the dna of allomonas and that of other representatives of the family vibrionaceae has been determined by the method of molecular dna hybr ...	1983	6837193
es complexes of aeromonas aminopeptidase: direct observation by stopped-flow fluorescence.	intermediates of aeromonas aminopeptidase are monitored through fluorescence generated by radiationless energy transfer (ret) between enzyme tryptophans and the dansyl group of the bound substrate. upon binding of the substrate enzyme tryptophan fluorescence is quenched and substrate dansyl fluorescence enhanced. these processes are reversed upon hydrolysis of the leu-ala bond and release of ala-ded from the enzyme. stopped-flow ret kinetic analysis yields values of kcat = 36 sec-1 and km = 3.7 ...	1983	6838596
aeromonas hydrophila typing scheme based on patterns of agglutination with erythrocytes and yeast cells.	an agglutination typing scheme has been developed for strains of aeromonas hydrophila. primary agglutination typing is based on testing agar-grown a. hydrophila cells with human, horse, rat, and guinea pig erythrocytes and saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. further subdivision of primary groups is based firstly on whether yeast cell agglutination is inhibited by a d-mannose polymer, yeast mannan, and secondly on patterns of inhibition of hemagglutination by yeast mannan and the monomeric sugars l-f ...	1983	6841579
diarrhoea associated with clostridium difficile in a hospital population.	the incidence of disease associated with clostridium difficile was investigated in a general hospital population over a period of six months. in 26 (14.5%) of 179 patients studied, c. difficile was either isolated or faecal cytotoxin was detected. the incidence of other enteropathogenic bacteria, except aeromonas hydrophila, was low. faecal cytotoxin was not detected in nine patients (35%), and non-cytotoxigenic strains of c. difficile were isolated from these patients. in seven patients, a sele ...	1983	6843465
enterotoxigenicity, hemagglutination and cell-surface hydrophobicity in aeromonas hydrophila, a. sobria and a. salmonicida.	thirty-one aeromonas hydrophila, 13 a. sobria and two a. salmonicida strains of diverse sources were tested for enterotoxigenicity, hemagglutination and cell surface hydrophobicity. although 93% of the culture supernatant fluids of the aeromonas strains exhibited cytotoxic effects on y1 adrenal and chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells, typical rounding of y1 adrenal cells was reproducibly observed before cytotoxicity for 80% of the isolates within 1 h of exposure. twenty-eight strains were positive ...	1983	6845633
microbiology problem.		1983	6846380
structural investigations on the core oligosaccharide of aeromonas hydrophila (chemotype ii) lipopolysaccharide.		1983	6850675
phenotypic markers associated with gastrointestinal aeromonas hydrophila isolates from symptomatic children.	aeromonas hydrophila gastroenteritis was detected in 12 pediatric patients during a 5-month period. chief complaints included bloody diarrhea, fever, vomiting, and abdominal pain. severe symptoms in two patients necessitated hospitalization and supportive care. phenotypic characteristics associated with enterotoxigenicity of a. hydrophila strains demonstrated that all 12 isolates were cytotoxic to hela cells and most were lysine decarboxylase positive (75%). a correlation existed between the pre ...	1983	6853687
effects of storage on microbial loads of two commercially important shellfish species, crassostrea virginica and mercenaria campechiensis.	the effects of storage on the microbial load in two commercially important species of shellfish were examined. oysters (crassostrea virginica) were stored as shellstock, shucked meats, and fully processed meats at four temperatures for up to 21 days, and clams (mercenaria campechiensis) were stored only as shellstock. the concentrations of most microbiological groups of organisms increased with the duration and temperature of storage in both shellfish species, although the increases were signifi ...	1983	6859844
hydroxamates and aliphatic boronic acids: marker inhibitors for aminopeptidase.		1983	6860652
[aeromonas hydrophila septicemia in a multiple myeloma patient].		1983	6867400
purification and characterization of the cell surface virulent a protein from aeromonas salmonicida.	the predominant cell surface protein (a protein) of aeromonas salmonicida has been purified in high yield from outer membranes by using a combination of detergent and chaotropic extraction methods as well as exclusion and ion-exchange chromatography. the a protein was primarily monomeric, mr 50 000, but readily formed oligomers at high protein or low salt concentrations. several isoelectric forms were distinguishable with purified protein as well as in situ on the cell surface. neither phosphate ...	1983	6871174
numerical taxonomy of vibrio cholerae and related species isolated from areas that are endemic and nonendemic for cholera.	a total of 165 strains of vibrios isolated from clinical and environmental sources in the united states, india, and bangladesh, 11 reference cultures, and 4 duplicated cultures were compared in a numerical taxonomic study using 83 unit characters. similarity between strains was computed by using the simple matching coefficient and the jaccard coefficient. strains were clustered by unweighted average linkage and single linkage algorithms. all methods gave similar cluster compositions. the estimat ...	1983	6874901
minimal inhibitory concentrations of antimicrobial agents against aeromonas hydrophila determined with the autobac mts.	minimal inhibitory concentrations of seven antimicrobial agents for 22 strains of aeromonas hydrophila were determined with the autobac mts procedure. the ranges of the minimal inhibitory concentrations were found to be similar to those obtained by a microdilution procedure. depending upon the interpretive criteria used, there were discrepancies with carbenicillin, cephalothin, kanamycin, and tetracycline. it is recommended that the beta-lactam antibiotics ampicillin, carbenicillin, and cephalot ...	1983	6874911
faecal carriage rate of aeromonas hydrophila.	over a four and a half month period, 1004 unselected routine faecal specimens from 815 patients were cultured for aeromonas hydrophila. forty-two specimens (4.2%) representing 38 patients were culture-positive. the study specimens also yielded salmonella on 116 occasions, shigella on seven, campylobacter species on six and other bacterial pathogens on 17 occasions, respectively. seven specimens had a hydrophila together with another bacterial pathogen. in only 19 of 38 patients (50%) was a hydro ...	1983	6875018
aeromonas hydrophila wound infection of the hand initially presenting as clostridial myonecrosis.	a traumatic hand laceration in a previously health 17-year-old boy resulted in a rapidly progressive palmar space infection, with gas formation, in the soft tissues caused by aeromonas hydrophila. typically associated with aquatic injuries, a. hydrophila was not initially suspected since the injury did not occur near water. physicians treated trauma-related soft tissue infections, particularly when the initial gram stain shows many polymorphonuclear leukocytes and gram-negative bacilli, must con ...	1983	6875242
one hundred fold increased activity of aeromonas aminopeptidase by sequential substitutions with ni(ii) or cu(ii) followed by zinc.	full substitution of cu(ii) or ni(ii) for the two g-atom zinc in aeromonas aminopeptidase hyperactivates the enzyme 6.5 and 25 fold respectively. even greater enhancements of activity can be achieved with mixed metal substitutions. thus, apoenzyme reactivated by first adding one g-atom zinc followed by one g-atom of either cu(ii) or ni(ii) is 15 and 22 times more active than the native enzyme. reversing the order, i.e. by first adding either one g-atom cu(ii) or ni(ii) followed by one g-atom zin ...	1983	6882446
serological diagnosis of diarrhoea caused by some representatives of the genera vibrio and aeromonas.	various serological methods were used to study 630 blood sera of patients with diarrhoea on whom microorganisms of the genera vibrio (vibrios of non-01 group, phosphorescent, parahaemolytic and alginolytic vibrios) and aeromonas were isolated, and also of patients with unconfirmed bacteriological diagnosis, carriers and healthy persons. it has been established that specific antibodies are isolated in 30-50% of cases, most frequently in the agglutination reaction, in phar with flagellar erythrocy ...	1983	6886416
the microbiology of childhood gastroenteritis: aeromonas species and other infective agents.	a prospective, 12-month study of 975 non-aboriginal children with diarrhea and age- and sex-matched children without diarrhea, in perth, western australia, was designed to investigate the significance of enterotoxigenic aeromonas species as a cause of diarrhea. enterotoxigenic aeromonas species were found in the fecal specimens of 10.8% of the patients with diarrhea but in only 0.7% of those without diarrhea. most aeromonas species were isolated during the summer. other important bacterial patho ...	1983	6886488
[characteristics of aeromonas isolated from dry and pasteurized milk].		1981	6894994
antimicrobial susceptibility of aeromonas hydrophila.	minimal inhibitory concentration determinations and disk diffusion and autobac 1 susceptibility tests were performed on 22 strains of aeromonas hydrophila. eleven of the strains had discrepancies between autobac and disk diffusion or minimal inhibitory concentration results. these discrepancies occurred with the beta-lactam antibiotics, primarily carbenicillin and cephalothin. it is recommended that any strain of a. hydrophila found to be susceptible to any of the beta-lactam antibiotics by usin ...	1980	6901591
aeromonas hydrophila-induced fulminant diarrhea.		1980	6937751
aeromonas hydrophila infection: ecthyma gangrenosum with aplastic anemia.		1982	6959002
taxonomy and description of vibrio fluvialis sp. nov. (synonym group f vibrios, group ef6).		1981	6971864
aeromonas hydrophila in wild-caught frogs and tadpoles (rana pipiens) in minnesota.	frogs and tadpoles were captured at 14 sites in and near minnesota during 1978-79 and nearly all appeared healthy. aeromonas hydrophila was isolated from 94 of 294 (32%) juvenile and adult frogs and from 66 of 104 (63%) tadpoles. of the isolates from frogs and tadpoles respectively, 68% and 47% were from the intestine only, 12% and 32% were from the intestine and the other sites, and 20% and 21% were from extraintestinal sites only. isolations were more frequent from frogs collected in march-jun ...	1981	6972468
[aeromonas hydrophila as a causative agent of diarrhea].		1982	6982424
infective endocarditis caused by gram-negative bacteria: a review of the literature, 1945-1977.		1980	6986059
an epidemic of extrinsic allergic alveolitis caused by tap water.		1980	6988107
[quantitative study of the faecal flora in adult and baby artifically fed from birth (author's transl)].	the faecal flora of 33 adults and 14 babies (artificially fed from birth) were determined. the faecal flora were most different. the primary anaerobic flora (prevalent bacteroïdes and bifidobacterium) in adults was 99 p. cent from total flora; it was in babies (prevalent bifidobacterium and bacteroïdes) 50 at 60 p. cent from total flora. the primary aerobic flora (e. coli and enterococcus) was 10 to 20 times more numerous in babies than in adults. therefore the secondary flora was very distinct. ...	1980	6988778
screening of bacterial isolates for mannose-specific lectin activity by agglutination of yeasts.	a total of 393 clinical bacterial isolates were tested for their ability to agglutinate yeast cells of either saccharomyces cerevisiae or candida albicans. a positive agglutination of yeasts that could be prevented by methyl alpha-d-mannoside was taken as an indication for the possible presence of a mannose-specific lectin (carbohydrate-binding protein) on the surface of the tested bacteria. agglutination tests on glass slides showed that 38% of all the isolates tested were positive in their cap ...	1980	6989854
[examination of some strains of the aeromonas hydrophila-punctata-group isolated from carp by resistance tests (author's transl)].		1980	6993174
fish biologics: vaccine standards for sport fisheries and commercial aquaculture.	biologics for serodiagnostic identification of fish diesease agents and for determination of efficacy and potency of fish bacterins are now being offered on a limited basis to governmental hatchery biologists and commercial aquaculture farms by the national fish health research laboratory - leetown. difficulties arise when biologics are used for determining standard parameters for fish bacterins because there may be variations in the fishes' immune response due to population differences or effec ...	1980	6995216
immunofluorescence of aeromonas hydrophila as measured by fluorescence photometric microscopy.	strain-specific fluorescent antibodies were prepared for three isolates of aereomonas hydrophila. these antisera were reacted with 255 other a. hydrophila isolates, and their immunofluorescence was measured quantitatively by photometric fluorescence microscopy. only 27.5% of the isolates reacted with the prepared antisera which indicated that other undetected serogroups are present. statistical analyses indicated that the a. hydrophila isolated from aquatic habitats were distinct from the other ...	1980	6996800
[studies of lipase and antilipase on different strains of the genera serratia, aeromonas and vibrio (author's transl)].	lipase and antilipase were studied in the following genera: serratia, aeromonas and vibrio. numerous comparative investigations showed that the jipase of serratia marcescens is not of a uniform antigenic structure as not all antilipase-sera of serratia marcescens have the ability to neutralize the lipase of all studied strains of this species. cross-reactions were seen between the genera serratia and aeromonas. a special reaction of the antilipase sera of aeromonas hydrophila and aeromonas punct ...	1980	6999789
aeromonas neutral protease: specificity toward extended substrates.		1980	7000005
bacterial isolates from giant snails in nigeria.		1980	7003905
[characteristics and function of enterotoxins of gram negative bacteria (author's transl)].	several factors are important for the pathogenesis of bacterial intestinal disease: 1. colonisation of the intestine; 2. exo(= entero)toxin production without penetration into the intestinal wall; 3. invasion of the intestinal wall with or without (?) simultaneous formation of enterotoxin. these factors are of different importance for the various infective agents. whereas cholera is exclusively caused by an enterotoxin, this is of minor importance for the pathogenesis of shigella dysentery. the ...	1980	7005079
microbial flora of the lower genital tract of women in labour in zaria, nigeria.	nine genera of microbes isolated from the lower genital tract of 187 women in labour in zaria have been identified. the work was undertaken to establish the nature of microorganisms in the lower genital tract of women in labour as a basis for further study. the isolates in order of prevalence were: candida albicans (20.9%), klebsiella sp (15.0%), escherichia coli (9.1%), streptococcus faecalis (6.4%), haemolytic streptococci (other than streptococcus pyogenes (2.7%), streptococcus viridans (2.1% ...	1981	7007447
bacteria associated with false-positive most-probable-number coliform test results for shellfish and estuaries.	aerobic and facultatively anaerobic bacteria isolated from false-positive, presumptive, total coliform, most-probable-number tests of chesapeake bay oyster, water, and sediment samples were characterized and then classified by numerical taxonomy. a total of 538 bacterial strains clustered into 17 phena, the predominant groups of which were enterobacteriaceae (including escherichia coli), aeromonas spp., and bacillus spp. bacillus spp. were recovered most frequently from sediment samples. gas-pro ...	1981	7013700
enterotoxigenic bacteria in food and water from an ethiopian community.	food and water samples from an ethiopian community were screened for the presence of enterotoxin-producing bacteria. using the chinese hamster ovary cell assay, 40 of 213 isolates (18.8%) produced heat-labile (lt) enterotoxin. these lt-producing isolates comprised 33 of 177 (18.6%) strains from 24 of 68 food samples (35.3%) and 7 of 36 (19.4%) isolates of 4 of 17 water samples (23.5%). one lt-producing strain each of salmonella emek and of shigella dysenteriae was found. three pseudomonads, all ...	1981	7016032
[bovine ticks and bacteria pathogenic for man in madagascar].		1980	7016058
[direct immunofluorescence in the diagnosis of aeromonas salmonicida infections in fresh water fishes].		1981	7018491
rapid oxidase method for testing oxidase-variable aeromonas hydrophila strains.	a rapid, same-day oxidase test procedure which obviates the problem of false-negative oxidase reactions of aeromonas hydrophila removed from the surface of differential media such as macconkey agar is described. this method allows oxidase testing to be performed within 3 h, rather than delaying the oxidase test for an additional 18 to 24 h. this procedure is applicable to any rapidly growing gram-negative rod.	1981	7019239
travelers' diarrhea among american peace corps volunteers in rural thailand.	diarrheal disease was studied prospectively in 35 peace corps volunteers during their first five weeks in rural thailand. twenty (57%) developed the syndrome of travelers' diarrhea. recognized bacterial enteric pathogens were isolated from stools during 47% of 39 episodes of travelers' diarrhea. enterotoxigenic escherichia coli was isolated during 26% and shigella during 13% of the episodes. of the 20 volunteers, 50% had bacteriologic and/or serologic evidence of infection with enterotoxigenic e ...	1981	7019355
medium for the accumulation of extracellular hemolysin and protease by aeromonas hydrophila.	a medium for the accumulation of extracellular hemolysin (300 to 1,600 hemolytic units per ml) and protease (2 to 3 proteolytic units per ml) was developed for an anaerogenic strain of aeromonas hydrophila. in this medium, growth yields were less but levels of accumulated toxin were greater or equivalent when compared with the same responses in brain heart infusion and nutrient broths. the medium was considered to be partially defined since the conditions for maximum observed hemolysin accumulat ...	1981	7026444
[infections caused by aeromonas hydrophila. review of their clinical and bacteriological aspects].		1981	7029675
toxin-producing bacteria in infants. lack of an association with sudden infant death syndrome.	after finding enterotoxigenic (et) escherichia coli in two consecutive cases of sudden infant death syndrome (sids), we initiated a prospective search for et e coli in sids in manitoba; in addition, we looked for toxigenic clostridium botulinum and c difficile. in a 21-month period, small- and large-bowel contents were obtained in 33 cases of sids, from 32 control subjects, and in ten suspected cases of sids. neither c botulinum nor et e coli was isolated from any of these; c difficile was cultu ...	1981	7032280
extracellular virulence factors of aeromonas hydrophila in fish infections.	aeromonas hydrophila nrc 505 produced extracellular substances which were capable of causing pathological effects when injected into trout. proteolytic activity and haemolytic activity of the extracellular products, and the effect on fish, were lost on heating. the extracellular substances from strain g35, a protease-deficient mutant, were significantly more toxic to both rainbow trout (salmo gairdneri) and speckled trout (salvelinus fontinalis) than the analogous preparation from the parental s ...	1981	7032678
evaluation of a test-kit (oxi/ferm system) for identification of vibrios.	a total of 258 strains belonging to different species of vibrio isolated from various sources in different parts of the world were subjected to identification by oxi/ferm tube and conventional tests sometimes extending to 250 characters when the conventional tests failed to recognise them. nearly 88 per cent of them could be identified accurately in this system at the species level. the strains designated as mannitol negative vibrios and vibrio species were also identified properly as v. cholera ...	1981	7036597
sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility of the automicrobic system (with the enterobacteriaceae-plus biochemical card) for identifying clinical isolates of gram- negative bacilli.	two independent laboratories tested 1,743 clinical isolates by using the enterobacteriaceae-plus biochemical card in the automicrobic system (ams) and identical standard reference methods. included were 55 isolates representing 11 species that cannot be identified by the enterobacteriaceae-plus biochemical card computer program; 3 or these isolates were incorrectly identified as pseudomonas cepacia. with the other 1,688 isolates, 5% of the ams identifications were considered to be equivocal (pro ...	1982	7040457
immunological cross-reactivity of enterotoxins of aeromonas hydrophila and cholera toxin.	pre-incubation with anticholera toxin (act) significantly reduced intestinal secretion induced by cell-free broth preparations of heat-labile toxins (lt) of escherichia coli and aeromonas hydrophila in jejunal perfusion experiments in rats in vivo. pre-incubation with act also prevented cytotoxicity by e. coli lt in the y1 cell culture system. pre-incubation had no effect on cytotoxicity in y1 and l132 cell lines or on haemolytic activity with cell-free preparations of a. hydrophila. in another ...	1982	7047024
aeromonas toxins.		1981	7048346
[aeromonas hydrophila as a normal intestinal bacterium of the vampire bat (desmodus rotundus)].		1980	7053178
cholera-like illness due to aeromonas sobria.	a thai woman from bangkok was admitted to a hospital in paris for a cholera-like illness. a culture of her "rice-water" diarrhea was negative for vibrio cholerae and enterotoxigenic escherichia coli but was positive for aeromonas sobria. this strain produced enterotoxin, cytolysin, proteolysin, hemolysin, and a cell-rounding factor. acute -and convalescent-phase sera showed an increase in neutralizing antibodies to enterotoxin, cytolysin, and hemolysin. the enterotoxin, which was labile at 100 c ...	1982	7054327
cell surface of the fish pathogenic bacterium aeromonas salmonicida. i. relationship between autoagglutination and the presence of a major cell envelope protein.	a comparison was made of membrane protein patterns of various aeromonas salmonicida strains, initially isolated from different habitats with respect to fish species affected, pathological entity, and geographic location of the outbreak of the disease. a major protein with a molecular weight of 54 000 was found in all autoagglutinating strains, whereas this protein is present in low amounts, or not at all, in non-autoagglutinating strains. evidence for a causal relationship between the presence o ...	1982	7055565
cell surface of the fish pathogenic bacterium aeromonas salmonicida. ii. purification and characterization of a major cell envelope protein related to autoagglutination, adhesion and virulence.	the purification of the major protein of the membrane fraction of an autoagglutinating strain of aeromonas salmonicida is described. this protein, designated as additional cell envelope protein, is water-insoluble, has a molecular weight of about 54 000 and its amino terminal sequence is h2n-asp-val-leu-leu. neither sulphur-containing amino acids nor sugar residues were detected. its amino acid composition, which shows that the additional cell envelope protein is hydrophobic in nature, is remark ...	1982	7055566
enteropathogenicity of aeromonas hydrophila and plesiomonas shigelloides: prevalence among individuals with and without diarrhea in thailand.	to evaluate the enteropathogenicity of aeromonas hydrophila and plesiomonas shigelloides, the rate of isolation of these organisms was compared among individuals with and without diarrhea in thailand. in two groups of american travelers, a. hydrophila, but not p. shigelloides, was associated with episodes of travelers diarrhea more often than when individuals did not have diarrhea (p less than 0.025). among three populations of thais, a. hydrophila and p. shigelloides were isolated with similar ...	1982	7056580
photochemical inactivation of aeromonas aminopeptidase by 2,3-butanedione.		1982	7056743
purification and partial characterization of a bacterial phospholipid: cholesterol acyltransferase.	a glycerophospholipid:cholesterol acyltransferase has been purified to near homogeneity from cell-free culture supernatants of aeromonas salmonicida. the characteristics of the enzyme distinguish it from bacterial phospholipases; however, it shares several properties with the lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase of mammalian plasma. thus, the enzyme inhibits 2-positional specificity as an acyltransferase and it will act as a phospholipase a2 in the absence of cholesterol. furthermore, it has no ...	1982	7061477
oxidation, photosensitized by certain diketones, of enzymes and protection against such oxidation by histidine derivatives.	bovine milk lactoperoxidase, eel acetylcholinesterase, and aeromonas aminopeptidase were photooxidized and inactivated in broad-spectrum visible light in the presence of 2,3-butanedione and 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione. methylglyoxal caused similar effects at 254 nm. 2-thiol-l-histidine and 3-methyl-l-histidine protected the enzymes against photoinactivation more effectively then n3-, even at a molar ratio of 2:1 (protector to enzyme). these compounds also delayed the photoinactivation of acetylcho ...	1982	7066488
aeromonas hydrophilia: a rare and potentially life-threatening pathogen to humans.	the authors discuss the diagnosis, symptoms, and treatment of infections resulting from aeromonas hydrophilia, and uncommon pathogen that is being reported with increasing frequency and may be serious to man. they present the case history of a 38-year-old male and emphasize the importance of prompt and proper treatment.	1982	7069142
[aeromonads in food products].		1982	7076001
two membrane damaging toxins from aeromonas hydrophila.	the effects of two hemolysins (alpha and beta) from aeromonas hydrophila on human lung fibroblasts were investigated. the toxins differed with respect to relative size of lesions induced in the plasma membrane, morphological effects, reversibility of effects and adsorption to fibroblasts. the effect of alpha-hemolysin appears to be restricted to the plasma membrane level, whereas the beta-hemolysin is strongly cytotoxic and probably acts on some intracellular target in addition to the primary ta ...	1982	7080029
aeromonas hydrophila toxins - intestinal fluid accumulation and mucosal injury in animal models.	strains of aeromonas hydrophila were earlier shown to produce a heat-labile enterotoxin and two cytolytic toxins, alpha- and beta-haemolysin. these investigations have been extended. when separated from the cytolysins, the enterotoxin elicited fluid accumulation in rabbit intestinal loops. the electrolyte and albumin content of the fluid was similar to that of cholera toxin. the enterotoxin was non-injurious to the mucosa. purified hemolysins did not give a positive loop test. they produced hemo ...	1982	7080051
membrane glycoprotein receptor and hole-forming properties of a cytolytic protein toxin.	aerolysin, a cytolytic bacterial exotoxin, was radioiodinated by using the iodogen reagent. binding of the labeled toxin to rat erythrocytes was inhibited by the native protein and by anti-aerolysin antibody. toxin, once bound, was not removed by the addition of a large excess of free aerolysin. binding of the radioactive toxin to erythrocytes of different species paralleled the hemolytic specificity of the unlabeled toxin. pretreatment of the rat erythrocytes with trypsin, which removed a major ...	1982	7082638
aeromonas food poisoning in nigeria: a case report.		1982	7083319
in-vitro susceptibility of aeromonas app. to antimicrobial agents.		1982	7085531
diketones as photosensitizing agents: application to alpha-amino acids and enzymes.		1982	7089079
role of surface components in serum resistance of virulent aeromonas salmonicida.	the ability of virulent strains of aeromonas salmonicida to resist the bactericidal activity of serum was quantitated. the a. salmonicida strains tested included virulent strains, mutants lacking the major surface a-protein, and mutants lacking a-protein and having a modified lipopolysaccharide structure. the sera evaluated included normal human, rabbit, and trout sera, immune trout serum, and immune rabbit serum containing antibodies to a-protein and lipopolysaccharide. virulent strains of a. s ...	1982	7095843
purification and characterization of a novel exo-beta-mannanase from aeromonas sp. f-25.	a novel exo-beta-mannanase (1,4-beta-d-mannan mannobiohydrolase) was isolated from the culture fluid of strain no. f-25 of aeromonas hydrophila subspecies anaerogenes, and purified about 4,000-fold by ammonium sulfate precipitation and successive co.umn chromatographies. the final enzyme preparation appeared to be homogeneous on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the enzyme hydrolyzed the beta-1,4-mannan link in polysaccharides of three or more beta-1,4-linked d-mannose units. the enzyme had a ...	1982	7096283
hand carriage of aerobic gram-negative rods by health care personnel.	a quantitative culture technique (hand washed in a glove containing broth for 30 s) was used to determine the frequency of hand carriage of aerobic gram-negative rods by various groups of health care workers and 104 control subjects. overall, 31% of health care workers carried aerobic gram-negative rods on their hands compared to 59% of control subjects (p < 0.001). enterobacter agglomerans accounted for 40% of the isolates, and other enterobacter spp. 7%. other organisms included acinetobacter ...	1982	7097001
chromium trioxide oxidation of acetylated 3-amino-3,6-dideoxy-l-hexosides.	glycosides of the fully acetylated 3-amino-3,6-dideoxy-l-hexosides in the gluco, galacto, manno, and talo configurations have been treated with chromium trioxide in acetic acid. the alpha-l-methyl glycosides, which exist in the more stable chair conformation 1c4, with an axially oriented aglycon, are resistant to this oxidation, whereas the beta-l-linked glycoside having the gluco configuration (1c4 conformation) and the alpha-l-methyl glycoside having the talo configuration (4c1 conformation), ...	1982	7104829
numerical taxonomy of psychrotrophic pseudomonads.	the taxonomy of 218 psychrotrophic pseudomonad strains (200 field strains from meat and 18 type and reference strains) was numerically studied by 174 biochemical and physiological tests. all strains were gram-negative rods, oxidative positive and motile by means of one or more polar flagella. the strains clustered into 15 groups, of which 9 were regarded as major clusters. the major clusters were designated as pseudomonas fragi (112 strains), p. fluorescens biotype iii (7 strains), p. fluorescen ...	1982	7119735
quality control and interpretive criteria for the azlocillin disk diffusion susceptibility test.	the standardized disk diffusion test was performed with 75-micrograms azlocillin disks to determine individual test, accuracy, and precision control values with escherichia coli atcc 25922, pseudomonas aeruginosa atcc 27853, and staphylococcus aureus atcc 25923. in addition, regression lines for correlating inhibitory zone diameters with the 75-micrograms azlocillin disk and azlocillin minimal inhibitory concentrations were calculated for gram-negative clinical isolates (including enterobacteria ...	1982	7125631
diluent composition for use of api 20e in characterizing marine and estuarine bacteria.	nine chemically defined inoculation diluents, with compositions ranging from 0.85% nacl to 35% marine salts, were used to evaluate the influence of diluent composition on the biochemical profiles of 30 marine and estuarine bacterial strains, including species of vibrio, aeromonas, allomonas, and photobacterium. results demonstrated that a 20% marine salts diluent enabled the characterization of halophilic strains normally nonreactive by the api 20e system. furthermore, the use of 20% marine salt ...	1982	7125655
in vitro susceptibilities of aeromonas hydrophila against new antibiotics.	the antibiotic susceptibilities of 16 clinical isolates of aeromonas hydrophila obtained from cancer patients with septicemia were studied. of the new beta-lactam antibiotics tested, azthreonam and moxalactam were the most active, followed by cefoperazone, cefotaxime, and ceftizoxime. excellent activity was demonstrated by chloroamphenicol, tetracycline, aminoglycosides, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. semisynthetic penicillins had no appreciable activity against this organism.	1982	7137987
aeromonas hydrophila infection complicating an open tibial fracture. a case report.	aeromonas hydrophila is a gram-negative bacterium that commonly inhabits soil and stagnant water. on extremely rare occasions, the organism can cause an aggressive, rapidly spreading, necrotizing infection in humans. the systemic signs of high fever, tachycardia, and elevation of the white blood cell count appear within 24 hours of wound contamination. if the wound is obscured by a cast, these signs erroneously may be attributed to a respiratory problem, e.g., atelectasis or fat metabolism. the ...	1982	7140058
ecology and importance of bacterial' species of the family vibrionaceae.	the bacterial species of the family vibrionaceae, particularly the species of the genus aeromonas (a. hydrophila and a. punctata and their subspecies were found to be relatively common in the running surface water in czechoslovakia (the occurrence of a. salmonicida species was not studied). the strains of the so-called nag-vibrios (vibrio cholerae unrelated to the cholera vibrio 0 group 1) were also relatively frequent, but the positive isolates of plesiomonas shigelloides were sporadic. the abo ...	1982	7142689
[gas gangrene caused by aeromonas hydrophila. a therapeutic trap].		1982	7145671
isolation of chromobacterium spp. from foods, soil, and water.	chromobacterium violaceum, a soil and water inhabitant, has been implicated in human disease with a high mortality rate, particularly in the southeastern united states. the psychrotrophic chromobacterium lividum has been isolated from foods, water, and soil, but is not considered pathogenic. to determine the distribution of chromobacterium spp. in soil, water, and foods in the gainesville area, we evaluated bennett, ryalls and moss, and aeromonas membrane agars for their ability to recover these ...	1982	7159087
substrate specificity of bacterial glycerophospholipid:cholesterol acyltransferase.	the substrate specificity of a bacterial analogue of the plasma enzyme lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (lcat) has been examined with small unilamellar liposomes and triton mixed micelles. in contrast to lcat, the microbial enzyme is capable of using all of the naturally occurring phospholipids as acyl donors. in general reaction rate depends more on the length or degree of unsaturation of the acyl chains than on the nature of the phospholipid head group. among a series of disaturated phosph ...	1982	7159555
molluscan immunobiology: isolation of an aeromonas formicans which escapes the internal defense system of helix pomatia.	bacterial infections are surprisingly rare in wild populations of gastropod molluscs. a strain of aeromonas formicans, which has now been isolated, kills helix pomatia, a land snail, when injected at doses greater than 10(6) viable cells g-1 snail weight. koch's postulates were fulfilled with this organism. initial clearance of aeromonas from the circulation was followed within hours by a bacteremia; since neither culture supernatants, killed cells nor cell extracts killed helix, there is eviden ...	1982	7160512
gas gangrene: an unusual manifestation of aeromonas infection.		1982	7161594
enumeration and identification of pathogenic bacteria from sewage in kuwait.	mycobacterium spp. was isolated and enumerated in all sewage samples at different stages of the sewage treatment. aeromonas hydrophila, salmonella spp., shigella dysenteriae and others were isolated from both treated and untreated sewage. moreover, the serological identification of salmonella spp. was also done, using antisera specific to their antigenic structures. counts of bacteria in various sewage sludges and effluents tested showed the efficiency of the activated sludge process in reducing ...	1982	7168261
occurrence of uronic acid in lipopolysaccharides of vibrionaceae.	the occurrence of uronic acid as a sugar constituent of lipopolysaccharides (lps) in vibrionaceae was demonstrated for the first time. more than 100 strains were examined. of five genera constituting vibrionaceae, i.e., vibrio, aeromonas, plesiomonas, photobacterium, and lucibacterium, the latter three contained uronic acid in lps of all of their constituting members examined, while it was totally lacking in aeromonas lps so far tested. only the members of genus vibrio were found to be divided i ...	1982	7169971
chemical modification of aeromonas aminopeptidase. evidence for the involvement of tyrosyl and carboxyl groups in the activity of the enzyme.		1982	7173208
plesiomonas (aeromonas) shigelloides meningitis in a neonate--a case report.		1982	7175386
cellulitis due to aeromonas hydrophilia.		1982	7175393
sugar composition of lipopolysaccharides of family vibrionaceae. absence of 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate (kdo) except in vibrio parahaemolyticus o6.		1982	7176968
aeromonas hydrophila septicemia in a patient with chronic active hepatitis.		1982	7176998
toxic factors of aeromonas hydrophila and plesiomonas shigelloides.	in detail, exoproducts of aeromonas hydrophila and plesiomonas shigelloides were studied on the pathogenesis of diarrhoea. enterotoxin, hemolysin and a cytotoxic factor were found in a fraction of culture filtrates of aeromonas hydrophila with a molecular weight of approximatley 60,000. apart there from a cytotoxic factor was also found in a fraction with molecular weight above 100,000. this fraction contained also endotoxin which was hemolytic, too. enterotoxic activity was expressed by an accu ...	1982	7180235
aeromonas hydrophila bacteremia in ambulatory immunocompromised hosts.	we observed seven episodes of aeromonas hydrophila septicemia in five patients. all but one patient had an underlying disease resulting in immunosuppression. all episodes occurred in ambulatory patients whose vocation or avocation had recently caused them to contact water or fish. we hypothesize that infection with this gram-negative bacterium is acquired more frequently from the natural habitat of the organism than from nosocomial sources.	1980	7188831
microbial spoilage of whole sheep livers.	when liver treated with antibiotics to inhibit microbial growth were held at 10 degrees c, the initial high ph (6.4) declined as lactic acid accumulated throughout the storage period of 10 days. the glycogen content also declined, but the glucose concentration in the tissues remained high. when livers were allowed to spoil at 10 degrees c, distinct but variable floras developed within the tissues, in the drip, and on the upper surface. deep-tissue floras were composed of anaerobic and facultativ ...	1982	7201781
aeromonas hydrophila infection of the skin.		1981	7212750
enterotoxicity of group f vibrios.	recently a group of organisms resembling aeromonas hydrophila has been isolated from human diarrheal cases from marine and estuarine environment. these organisms are tentatively designated as group "f" vibrios. live cells of 23 strains isolated from different sources were tested for their enterotoxicity in the adult rabbit ileal loop model. all but two caused fluid accumulation comparable to that obtained with vibrio cholerae 569b. an inoculum of 10(4) viable bacteria could give rise to gut loop ...	1980	7218576
[isolation and identification of vibrionaceae].		1980	7223118
evaluation of a test kit (oxi/ferm system) for identification of oxidase positive gram negative neoenteropathogenic bacteria.	during recent years a number of oxidase positive gram negative bacteria have been implicated as causative agents of outbreaks of acute diarrhoeal disease and food-poisoning in many parts of the world. as taxonomic positions of many of them are not yet well-defined, their identification is often difficult and time consuming. this oxi/ferm tube system was evaluated in relation to the conventional battery of tests with 128 organisms isolated from different sources in various parts of the world. abo ...	1980	7223128
improved method for cholera diagnosis.	the use of the oxidase test is proposed to discover sparse colonies of cholera vibrios on a plate of pril nutrient agar seeded directly with the suspected stool sample or after enrichment. this method also enables the detection of other oxidase-positive potential pathogens, such as non-agglutinating vibrios, aeromonas hydrophila, pseudomonas spp., and other nonfermentative organisms.	1981	7229013