| [test of the safety, reactogeneity and immunogeneity of live flexner 2a and sonne dysentery vaccine from spontaneous mutants, prepared in dragee form, in a controlled experiment on adults]. | controlled experiment was conducted on 428 adult persons. a study was made of the reaktogenic properties and the immunological activity of live enteral dysentery vaccine flexner 2a and sonne from the spontaneous mutants developed at the n.f. gamaleya institute of epidemiology and microbiology. the vaccine is prepared in the form of sugar-coated pills covered with an acid-fast substance protecting from the gastric juice action. a single administration of the vaccine in a dose of up to 4 pills (6 ... | 1977 | 320801 |
| [amoxicillin in the treatment of children with shigellosis]. | | 1979 | 261622 |
| travelers' diarrhea among u.s. army troops in south korea. | a prospective study of diarrhea was conducted among 98 u.s. army soldiers during their first six weeks in south korea. diarrhea developed in 54 (55%) of 98 soldiers and had a mean duration of five days. infections with salmonella, shigella, vibrio, enterotoxigenic escherichia coli, enteroviruses, and intestinal parasites were uncommon. four (8%) of 50 soldiers with documented diarrhea, two (6%) or 32 with a history of diarrhea, and one (3%) of 29 who denied gastrointestinal symptoms had serologi ... | 1979 | 220334 |
| etiology of infantile enteritis in south africa. | infantile enteritis constitutes a major health problem in developing countries. several investigations into the etiology of this condition among various south african populations have been undertaken during the past few years. recent studies of black urban infants have revealed that salmonellae, shigellae, enterotoxigenic enterobacteriaceae, and rotaviruses play a relatively minor role in infantile enteritis. on the other hand, all studies, including a number performed several years ago, have de ... | 1979 | 221438 |
| conservation of transfer ribonucleic acid and 5s ribonucleic acid cistrons in enterobacteriaceae. | the genes for tranfer ribonucleic acid (tdna) and 5s ribonucleic acid (5sdna) were isolated from the total deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) of escherichia coli. the relatedness of tdna and 5s from e. coli and other species of enterobacteriaceae was determined by reassociation of the isolated genes labeled with 32po4 to unlabeled, unfractionated dna. double-stranded dna was separated from unreacted dna by hydroxyapatite chromatography. thermal elution profiles were done to determine the amount of unpa ... | 1977 | 321428 |
| shigella infection of henle intestinal epithelial cells: role of the host cell. | the process of henle 407 embryonic intestinal epithelial cell infection by shigella flexneri 2a m42-43 was studied in an in vitro model system. the role of the henle cell was assessed. it was established that entry of s. flexneri into cells was suppressed by reagents which inhibit uptake of particles by phagocytic cells. the compounds tested included cytochalasin b, dibutyryl-cyclic adenosine monophosphate, choleragen (vibrio cholera enterotoxin), iodoacetate, and dinitrophenol. cytochalasin b i ... | 1979 | 223988 |
| oral rehydration and maintenance of children with rotavirus and bacterial diarrhoeas. | the outcome of administering ort (oral rehydration therapy) to 62 infants admitted to a costa rican hospital with acute rotavirus or bacterial diarrheas and with 5-10% dehydration was described. 94% of the infants were successfully treated by administering only ort. there were no significant differences in the success rates for rotavirus diarrhea patients and for various bacterial diarrhea patients. success rates were 92% for rotavirus patients, 93% for escherichia coli patients, 96% for idio ... | 1979 | 225048 |
| human rotavirus in an adult population with travelers' diarrhea and its relationship to the location of food consumption. | the role of human rotavirus in adult diarrhea was evaluated in 164 newly arrived us students attending summer school at an urban mexican university. rotavirus was identified in stool samples by electron microscopy. rotavirus was found in 26 of 109 students with diarrhea (24%) and in 8 of 55 asymptomatic control students (15%). although bacterial pathogens were recovered from virus positive students with diarrhea, viral shedding also occurred independently of other agents. clinical disease in stu ... | 1979 | 226656 |
| etiology of acute gastroenteritis in children in israel: role of human reoviruslike agent and bacterial pathogens. | a study of acute gastroenteritis in children was carried out with the aim of establishing the prevalence of human reoviruslike agent (hrla) and its relation to other enteric pathogens in israel. the stools of 384 children with acute diarrhea referred to a pediatric emergency service were screened for hrla by counterimmunoelectroosmorphoresis (cieop) and for pathogenic bacteria. evidence of hrla infection was found in 65 patients (17%). the highest infection rate prevailed during the cool season ... | 1979 | 229084 |
| 1-alkyl-2-nitroimidazol-5-yl derivatives ii. n-substituted nitrones. | | 1975 | 239726 |
| antimicrobial properties of mannopeptins. | mannopeptins show in vitro antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and some gram-negative bacteria. the antimicrobial activity is unaffected by the addition of serum, and potentiated by alkaline ph or decrease in inoculum size. the antibiotics exert bectericidal effect at doses twice as high as the minimum inhibitory concentration. when the antibiotics were injected into mice through either intravenous, intraperitoneal, intramuscular or subcutaneous routes, the antimicrobial activity appear ... | 1975 | 238926 |
| [evolution of the repartition of enteropathogenic enterobacteria serotypes isolated in algeria from 1974 to 1977]. | the authors survey the enteropathogenic enterobacteria studied from 1974 to 1977 and draw the following conclusions : s. typhi is still the predominant serotype. among salmonella, other than s. typhi and s. paratyphi, s. wien remains the most frequently reported serotype while progressively decreasing from 1974 to 1976 and is supplanted by s. infantis in 1977. among the 847 strains of shigella examined, a high frequency of shigella flexneri is noted with shigella sonnei following by a wide margi ... | 1978 | 262974 |
| [effect of furazolidone on the cyclic nucleotide level in the blood plasma in acute dysentery]. | | 1979 | 229573 |
| enhanced chemotactic and phagocytic activities of leukocytes in psoriasis vulgaris. | leukocytes derived from the peripheral blood of psoriatic patients demonstrated an enhanced chemotactic response compared with leukocytes from healthy subjects. no significant difference was detected between the chemotactic response of leukocytes from patients with minimal or no skin involvement and those from patients with extensive lesions. psoriatic leukocytes also had a significantly higher capacity to engulf 125i labeled shigella flexneri than control leukocytes. it is postulated that a dec ... | 1978 | 211169 |
| 1-alkyl-2-nitroimidazol-5-yl derivatives. i. | | 1975 | 235267 |
| natural antibodies in healthy adults. | the serum of 100 adults living in budapest was examined for isohaemagglutinin titre with haemaglutination, for staphylococcal-antitoxin titre with haemolysis inhibition and for bacterial antibody titre against 17 different groups of bacteria with passive haemagglutination. antibody levels in males, except for certain bacterial antibodies, were somewhat lower than in females. the antibody titres, especially in men, decreased gradually from 20 to 50 years of age and were usually lower in rh negati ... | 1975 | 235827 |
| [reactogenicity and immunologic activity of live enteric sonne dysentery vaccine from a spontaneous mutant]. | live dysentery sonne vaccine from a spontaneous mutant proved to be practically areactogenic and specifically harmless in oral immunization of children aged from 7 to 13 years, in doses of from 3 to 25 milliard live microbial cells and in single and triple immunization schemes. weak reactions of the gastro-intestinal tract were noted with the same frequency (1.7%) in children immunized with the vaccine and in children given placebo (2.2%). there proved to be a significant increase in the serum o ... | 1977 | 324177 |
| [use of a lyophilized erythrocyte preparation for detecting sonne shigellae in patients with intestinal infections]. | | 1977 | 324189 |
| [functioning of the kspa-gene in f'-merodiploids of flexner shigellae]. | | 1977 | 324195 |
| the pathogenesis of shigella diarrhea. v. relationship of shiga enterotoxin, neurotoxin, and cytotoxin. | the biological activity of the enterotoxin of shigella dysenteriae 1 was compared with that of a well-studied 20-year-old partially purified preparation of neurotoxin from the same organism. enterotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and cytotoxicity were present to an equivalent extent in both preparations. human convalescent antisera and experimental rabbit antisera had equal toxin-neutralizing antibody to the cytotoxic activity in these toxin preparations. multiple protein bands were present in each toxi ... | 1975 | 236346 |
| clavulanic acid, a novel inhibitor of beta-lactamases. | clavulanic acid, z-(2r,5r)-3-(beta-hydroxyethylidene)-7-oxo-4-oxa-1-azabicyclo-[3,2,0] heptane-2-carboxylic acid, has been shown to be an effective inhibitor of the beta-lactamases of the richmond types ii, iii, iv, and v. inhibition is a time-dependent reaction and is irreversible. clavulanic acid had poor antibacterial activity against staphylococcus aureus, enterobacteriaceae, and pseudomonas aeruginosa, with minimal inhibitory levels greater than 25 mug/ml. it did inhibit the majority of nei ... | 1978 | 310279 |
| comparative inhibition beta-lactamases by novel beta-lactam compounds. | the beta-lactamase-inhibiting activity of cp-45,899, 3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicylo(3,2,0)heptane-2-carboxylic acid, 4,4-dioxide [2s-(2alpha,5alpha)], was investigated and compared with the beta-lactamase-inhibiting activity of clavulanic acid and dicloxacillin. cp-45,899 was an effective inhibitor of staphylococcus aureus beta-lactamase and of those beta-lactamases of gram-negative bacteria which are primarily active against penicillins or equally active against penicillins and cephalosp ... | 1979 | 311616 |
| enhanced t-cell rosette formation in shigellosis by the in vitro use of thymopoietin. | the results from this study suggest that the large nul cell lymphocyte population seen in patients with shigella dysentery, does contain a sub-population of cells that will respond in vitro to thymopoietin, a bovine thymic extract, by increased e-rosette formation. it is felt that this sub-population is in fact immature t-cells. a previous study has shown that an unusual leukaemoid reaction develops in a substantial number of patients with shigella dysentery. the leukaemoid response was primaril ... | 1979 | 317187 |
| bacteriophage typing of shigella sonnei. | a bacteriophage-typing schema was developed for differentiating strains of shigella sonnei. sixty-seven bacteriophages were obtained from other collections, and 36 bacteriophages were isolated from sewage. from these 103 bacteriophages, a provisional set of 12 was chosen by computer analysis as being the most sensitive in differentiating strains of s. sonnei isolated in the united states. the provisional schema was used to type 265 strains from different geographical areas. it divided them into ... | 1977 | 319112 |
| comparison of methods for the isolation of salmonella from imported frog legs. | four methods of sample preparation were compared for their relative efficiency in recovering salmonella from imported frog legs. no significant difference (p greater than 0.10) was observed in the efficiency of submersion, blending, and stomaching methods, but rinsing recovered significantly fewer (p less than 0.01) salmonella-positive frog legs than the other three methods. no significant difference (p less than 0.25) was observed in the number of positive frog legs recovered by selenite cystin ... | 1977 | 319756 |
| [development of new types of chemical vaccine for prevention of intestinal infections and problems of their qualitative evaluation. iii. comparative study of immunologic characteristics of experimental antigenic preparations]. | as a result of comparative study of the immunological properties and antigenic activity of thyphoid, paratyphoid a and b and sonne and flexner dysentery antigenic preparations obtained by various methods there was revealed a decreased toxicity of the experimental preparations of the tashkent and leningrad institute of vaccines and sera (in comparison with the tryptic antigens) and a considerable advantages of the experimental thyphoid and paratyphoid antigenic preparations by their capacity to i ... | 1975 | 239506 |
| reiter's syndrome following shigella flexneri 2a: a sequel to traveler's diarrhea. report of a case with hepatitis. | shigella flexneri 2a was isolated from a patient with reiter's syndrome (rs) following a family outbreak of traveler's diarrhea. among 3 members at risk, only the patient was positive for hla-b27. data from 3 similar families support the hypothesis that susceptibility to rs is genetically transmitted. it is urged that every effort be made to culture and subtype shigella and other enteric pathogens in rs following diarrhea. concurrently, the patient had hepatitis, interpreted as a parallel enteri ... | 1977 | 319805 |
| interaction of blood with enterobacteriaceae: hemolysis, hemagglutination, fibrinolysis. | one thousand eighty enterobacteriaceae, isolated during a period of three months, were tested for the presence of hemolysis, hemagglutination and fibrinolysis on human erythrocytes and plasma. the fibrinolysis on human erythrocytes and plasma. the escherichia coli have the greatest diversity of action on the blood. of 481 strains, 32.9% were hemolytic, 21.9% fibrinolytic, and 10.5% hemagglutinating. of 190 strains of klebsiella, 95.2% were fibrinolytic. of 53 strains of enterobacter, 90.6% were ... | 1977 | 320861 |
| [biological activity of extracts isolated from a virulent strain of sh. flexneri grown in the presence of calcium ions]. | the authors carried out a comparative study of the genetically connected sh. flexneri cultures (3 virulent strains, 3 clones of an avirulent mutant selected in the flux of an oblique light from the virulent strain, and lac+ kcp a-hybrids obtained by crossing the initial virulent cultures with the e. coli k12 hfr strains). the absence of any correlation between the virulence of the strains under study and the lipopolysaccharide (by rhamnose) content in the extracts from them in growing the cultur ... | 1977 | 325961 |
| [immunochemistry of shigellae (review of important results). 1. o-antigens of flexner shigellae (characteristics and isolation)]. | | 1977 | 325963 |
| recent advances in acute gastroenteritis. | | 1977 | 321112 |
| interaction between rifampicin and trimethoprim in vitro and in experimental infections. | | 1977 | 321415 |
| bacterial toxins as virulence factors: shiga bacillus dysentery viewed as a toxinosis. | | 1977 | 321946 |
| [chemically defined and partially defined media for pasteurella multocida and pateurella hemolytica]. | two culturing recipes were suggested for pasteurella multocida and pasteurella haemolytica, one partialy defined nutritive defined nutritive medium with 0.5 per cent yeast extract and one chemically defined medium. both had been composed on the basis of studies into nutrient demand and into the effects of complex nutritive substrates. both nutritive media are applicable also to culturing other bacterial species. (among the strains tested so far were streptococci, staphylococci, escherichia coli, ... | 1977 | 322633 |
| [synthetic medium for testing of susceptibility. ii. susceptibility of bacteria to sulphonamides (author's transl)]. | a comparative study of 9 media for testing the susceptibility of bacteria to 7 sulphonamides has been carried out. the evaluated culture-media included 4 "mueller hinton" media (mh), 4 others based on the formula of the "diagnostic sensitivity test" agar base (d.s.t.) and a "synthetic medium" (sm) which has been developed in our laboratory. mh and d.s.t. culture-media have been supplied by 4 manufacturing companies in europe and usa. a total number of 21 bacterial cultures have been employed. th ... | 1975 | 241178 |
| [genetics and biochemistry of the bacterial ribosome]. | | 1977 | 322729 |
| synthetic disaccharide-protein antigens for production of specific 04 and 09 antisera for immunofluorescence diagnosis of salmonella. | the synthetic disaccharides abequose 1 leads to a 3 mannose and tyvelose 1 leads to a 3 mannose, representative of salmonella o-antigen 4 and 9 respectively, were covalently linked to bovine serum albumin (bsa) . antisera from rabbits immunized with these immunogens were used in indirect immunofluorescence assay for the identification of group b (o-antigen 4) and d (o-antigen 9) salmonella. a total of 1030 enteric bacterial strains were tested, including 207 group b and 55 group d salmonella. th ... | 1977 | 327249 |
| studies on a new antibiotic--chuangxinmycin. | a new antibiotic, designated chuangxinmycin and produced by a new species of microorganism actinoplanes tsinanensis n. sp., has been isolated in crystalline form. assay methods, fermentation and isolation procedures for the antibiotic are described. uv-ir-, nmr- and mass spectra as well as specific rotation of the antibiotic are given. its molecular formula is c12h11no2s. studies on its chemical structure and total synthesis have been completed. according to its chemical structure, chuangxinmyci ... | 1977 | 327539 |
| protection by hypoxia and the effect of low oxygen tensions on radiosensitivity. | | 1977 | 323029 |
| [effectiveness of milk pasteurization]. | | 1977 | 323105 |
| [sensitivity of shigella to antibiotics]. | | 1977 | 327917 |
| biological properties of shigella flexneri 2a toxin and its serological relationship to shigella dysenteriae 1 toxin. | a toxin extracted from heat-inactivated, alkaline-treated shigella flexneri 2a showed biological properties similar to those of shigella dysenteria 1 toxin. the s, flexneri 2a toxin was lethal to mice, enterotoxic for ileal loops of rabbits, and cytotoxic for hela cells. a serological relationship between s. flexneri 2a and s. dysenteriae 1 toxin was shown with cross neutralization tests. | 1977 | 323142 |
| the pathogenesis of shigella diarrhea. vi. toxin and antitoxin in shigella flexneri and shigella sonnei infections in humans. | two strains of shigella flexneri and one of shigella sonnei were studied for toxin production in vitro. all of the three strains produced a cell-free cytotoxin that showed marked similarity to that produced by shigella dysenteriae 1. each toxin eluted in two distinct peaks on chromatography with sephadex g-150, was destroyed by heating at 90 c for 30 min, and was neutralized by s. dysenteriae 1 antitoxin. patients with infections due to s. flexneri and s. sonnei developed antibody that neutraliz ... | 1977 | 323376 |
| clinical and laboratory assessment of the pathogenicity of serotyped enteropathogenic escherichia coli. | only one of 167 separate isolates of enteropathogenic escherichia coli (eec) was shown to produce enterotoxin, and none of the 167 isolates were invasive. clinical features of 123 hospitalized children with eec were compared with those of 917 infants with nonbacterial gastroenteritis and 145 infants infected with shigella. the average duration of diarrhea (five or more stools per day) in hospitalized children with eec, nonbacterial gastroenteritis, shigella flexneri, and shigella sonnei was 4.6, ... | 1977 | 323379 |
| recent trends in salmonella and shigella in new york city and at kings county hospital. | | 1979 | 283866 |
| phagocytosis stimulation by an extracellular product of virulent shigella flexneri 2a. | | 1977 | 323646 |
| trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole compared to ampicillin in the treatment of shigellosis. | twenty hospitalized children between 1 and 11 years of age were enrolled in a comparative randomized evaluation of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tm-sm) and ampicillin for the treatment of shigellosis. each drug was provided for five days. the group treated with ampicillin had significantly more stools per day (mean 21.25) compared to the tm-sm group (8.64). treatment with tm-sm appeared to be associated with a more rapid reversion of stool cultures to normal, but these differences compared to a ... | 1977 | 323811 |
| [concentration of 19s and 7s antibodies in the blood of patients with different clinical manifestations of sonne dysentery]. | | 1977 | 324128 |
| antibody levels to enteric bacteria in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. | in order to determine the immunologic status and possible susceptibility to bacterial infection in children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (jra), titer of hemagglutingating antibodies to e coli 055, e coli 086, common antigen, and shigella polyvalent antigen were measured. immunoglobulin g was the predominant antibody. iga antibodies were found in higher titer in children with jra. no significant differences were found between children with jra do not have any deficit in antibody production ... | 1977 | 324480 |
| inhibition of small-intestinal sugar and amino acid transport by the enterotoxin of shigella dysenteriae i. | the enterotoxin of shigella dysenteriae i produces fluid and electrolyte secretion in the rabbit ileum. these present studies were designed to evaluate nonelectrolyte transport in rabbit ileal mucosa exposed to shigella enterotoxin. both 10 mm galactose and 5 mm l-alanine absorptions were significantly impaired in enterotoxin-exposed ileal mucosa compared with control mucosa. l-alanine influx was not imparied in two other secretory processes: that induced by cholera enterotoxin and hyperosmolari ... | 1977 | 324910 |
| a microbiological investigation of acute summer gastroenteritis in black south african infants. | a microbiological investigation of black infants suffering from severe acute summer gastroenteritis revealed enteropathogenic agents in 30 out of 37 patients (81%). enterotoxigenic bacteria were isolated from 15 patients (41%). a total of 16 enterotoxigenic strains were isolated, comprising 9 enterotoxigenic escherichia coli strains secreting labile and stable toxin on their own and in combination, and labile-toxin secreting strains of klebsiella pneumoniae (4), enterobacter cloacae (2) and prot ... | 1977 | 325127 |
| [population variability of zonne shigella in the presence of intestinal wall cells]. | | 1977 | 325333 |
| [diagnosis and treatment of acute dysentery]. | | 1977 | 325896 |
| [our experiences with water-induced epidemics of bacillary dysentery]. | | 1977 | 325899 |
| an outbreak of shigellosis in the province of new brunswick. | | 1977 | 329973 |
| postdysenteric reiter's syndrome. | | 1977 | 325904 |
| [study of a "rfa" locus coding for cell wall lipopolysaccharide core biosynthesis in "shigella flexneri" f6s (author's transl)]. | the rfa-7 lipopolysaccharide core mutation carried by the r mutant f680, derived from shigella flexneri f6s serotype 5b, has been mapped by conjugation and transduction experiments. the results show a chromosomal distance of about 1 min between rfa-7 and mtl. such a position would be similar to those of rfa genes in escherichia coli k12 and salmonella typhi-murium lt2. conjugational transfer of e. coli k12 rfa+ genes to mutant f680 restored s. flexneri o-specificity. chemical analyses performed ... | 1977 | 326120 |
| investigatiaons on drug-resistance of shigella sonnei bacilli isolated in poland in the years 1959-1972. | 2538 strains of shigella sonnei bacilli, isolated from patients in the years 1959-1972, have been tested for drug-resistance. the strains examined came from different regions of poland. drug-resistance has been determined by the method of "multi-arm" disks of filter-paper. in investigations 12 chemotherapeutics have been employed. the tests performed have shown that 63% of strains were resistant to one or more chemotherapeutics. the percentage of streptomycin-resistant strains, found in the inve ... | 1977 | 326220 |
| improved procedure of selective enrichment of shigella in the presence of escherichia coli by use of 4-chloro-2-cyclopentylphenyl beta-d-galactopyranoside. | a previously described procedure for the selective enrichmen of shigella in competition with e. coli has been modified and tested with a total of 48 strains of the four shigella species. the new enrichment medium consists of 1,5-strength trypticase soy broth, 1 mm 4-chloro-2-cyclopentylphenyl beta-d-galactopyranoside (cppg), 0.25% lactose, and 0.1 m citrate buffer (ph 6.2). in competition with a 1000-fold higher population of e. coli than shigella, 42 of 48 strains from the four species of shige ... | 1977 | 326358 |
| pathogenesis of shigella diarrhea. vii. evidence for a cell membrane toxin receptor involving beta1 leads to 4-linked n-acetyl-d-glucosamine oligomers. | the binding of shigeua dysenteriae 1 cytotoxin to hela cells in culture and to isolated rat liver cell membranes was studied by means of an indirect consumption assay of toxicity from the medium, or by determination of cytotoxicity to the hela cell monolayer. both liver cell membranes and hela cells removed toxicity from the medium during incubation, in contrast to wi-38 and y-1 mouse adrenal tumor cells, both of which neither bound nor were affected by the toxin. uptake of toxin was directly re ... | 1977 | 327017 |
| esculin hydrolysis by enterobacteriaceae. | literature reports disagree concerning esculin hydrolysis in the family enterobacteriaceae. a total of 2,490 strains of the family were investigated for esculin hydrolysis by two methods, the esculin spot test and the pathotec incubation strip, which measures constitutive enzyme, and five growth-supporting methods, which determine both constitutive and inducible enzymes. the five growth-supporting media studied were: vaughn-levine, the standard esculin hydrolysis medium (p. r. edwards and w. h. ... | 1977 | 330558 |
| spectrophotometry as a tool for assaying endotoxins. | a spectrophotometric method is reported for assaying endotoxins over a wide concentration range, including low parts per billion levels. five solution of endotoxins. escherichia coli 0127:b8, escherichia coli 055:b5, salmonella abortus-equi, salmonella enteritidis, and shigella flexneri, were examined. each exhibited an absorption maximum at 259 nm, but the absorptivities differed in each case. thus, rigorous quantification requires that the identity of the endotoxin be known. the uv absorbance ... | 1977 | 327056 |
| location of the ss--mutation of bacteriophage t7 in genes 10, the structural gene for the major capsid protein. | t7+ phage are unable to plate on a strain of shigella sonnei d2 371-48. spontaneous phage mutants arise (ss--mutants) that are able to plate on this strain of shigella. we have shown by complementation studies and genetic crosses that the ss--mutation maps in gene 10, the structural gene for the major protein of the capsid. this finding implies that the gene 10 protein may interact with a host protein during phage development and that the abortive infection of t7 observed in s. sonnei d2 371-48 ... | 1977 | 327090 |
| gentamicins. | gentamicin is a new broad-spectrum antibiotic, basic and water-soluble, produced and developed by schering corporation-bloomfield, new jersey (1967 and 1968). it is produced by micromonospora purpurea, a member of a genus of microorganisms from which no other antibiotics have been derived. paper chromatographic techniques showed the components of gentamicin complex designated as c', c'a, and c2. gentamicins are bactericidal antibiotics, active in vivo in low concentrations against a wide spectru ... | 1977 | 327729 |
| location of food consumption and travelers' diarrhea. | daily food histories for one month were obtained in summer, 1975, from students attending a mexican university to determine the influence of food consumption on the development and etiology of diarrhea. in newly-arrived students from the u.s. who ate half or more of their meals in the school cafeteria and public restaurants there were significant increases in diarrhea (p less than 0.005); shigella infection (p less than 0.05) and toxigenic e. coli infection (p less than 0.025) compared to the st ... | 1977 | 327798 |
| immune processes in the course of infection with dysentery bacilli. iii. protective activity of spleen cells and serum from mice immunized with killed dysentery bacilli. | killed dysentery bacilli induce immunity in mice which can be transferred to other mice with serum. spleen cells do not transfer this immunity, in contrast to spleen cells from mice immunized with live dysentery bacilli. the results of this and previous studies 5,17 suggest that immunity in mice infected with dysentery bacilli depends on two coexisting effector mechanisms--cell-mediated and humoral immunity. live bacilli induce both, however killed bacilli stimulated humoral immunity and protect ... | 1977 | 327970 |
| [morphologic demonstration of adsorption of sonne shigellae onto intestinal epithelium]. | electron-microscopy studies of the process of absorption of shigella sonnei on the epithelium of the intestine villi of syrian hamstes were carried out. in the study there were used 20 animals and 8 stains of shigellae isolated from patients with acute dysentery. it was shown that in inoculating into an isolated loop of the intestine adhesion of shigellae to the surface of border cells was accompanied by rearrangement of glycocalyx with subsequent destruction of microvilli in the zone of adsorpt ... | 1977 | 327985 |
| complete structure of the repeating unit of the o-specific polysaccharide chain of shigella dysenteriae type 3 lipopolysaccharide. | | 1977 | 328145 |
| rough mutant of shigella flexneri 2a that penetrates tissue culture cells but does not evoke keratoconjunctivitis in guinea pigs. | a rough mutant, designated 5503-01, has been isolated from a virulent strain of shigella flexneri 2a 5503. strain 5503-01 produced smooth opaque colonies, whereas its parent strain produced characteristic green-gold translucent ones. characterization of 5503-01 by agglutination tests, rhamnose content, and sensitivity spectra to "rough-specific" phages revealed that it had lost the specific somatic antigens. when 5503-01 was used to infect hela or l cells, it penetrated the cells and multiplied ... | 1977 | 328396 |
| a study of enteropathogenic organisms isolated in the public health laboratory, lusaka. | a total of 328 specimens of stools were examined in the public health laboratory during january and february 1973. enteropathogens were isolated from 117 of these specimens. besides these, 12 strains of salmonellae were isolated from blood and 8 from urine. an occasional salmonella was isolated from the pleural fluid (s. paratyphi a) pus from the knee (s. enteritidis) and from the c.s.f. of an infant (s. paratyphi c.). salmonella typhi and salmonella paratyphi a are the predominant salmonella sp ... | 1977 | 328771 |
| to shigella sonnei phage typing. | the epidemiological significance of phage types changes in the course of years. in czechoslovakia, in the years 1967-1971, the most frequent phage types were 2,6, 3, 30 and 65, and, in the middle-bohemian region, 2,30, 6, 3 and 65. in the epidemiological years 1972-1973 the sequence of the most frequent s. sonnet phage types changed in the middle-bohemian region to: 65, 23, 6, 2 and 12. some problems concerning the instability of phage types and the part of further auxiliary tests (biochemical d ... | 1977 | 328772 |
| [physico-chemical parameters of the surface of flexner shigella cells and the structure of lipopolysaccharide o-antigen]. | | 1977 | 331779 |
| characterization of an r-plasmid associated with ampicillin resistance in shigella dysenteriae type 1 isolated from epidemics. | ampicillin-resistant strains of shigella dysenteriae type 1 isolated in epidemics in mexico, central america, and bangla desh were examined for the presence of plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) by gel electrophoresis. all strains contained a heterogeneous population of plasmids. transfer experiments to escherichia coli k-12 indicated that the ampicillin resistance determinant (ap(r)) was located on a 5.5-megadalton (mdal) plasmid identical in all shiga strains examined, as judged by dna hybrid ... | 1977 | 324394 |
| [experimental study of bacteremia and its role in the pathogenesis of dysentery]. | in experiments on white mice pathophysiological, bacteriological, histological and immunofluorescent methods of investigation were used; it was shown that sonne dysentery bacteria were capable during a short period of time to penetrate into the blood from the lumen of the stomach and the small intestine and moreover to deposit in the cells of the mucosa of the said organs. into the large intestine the pathogen penetrates from the above situated departments of the intestine, which was most often ... | 1977 | 324444 |
| incompatibility and bacteriophage inhibition properties of n-1, a plasmid belonging to the h2 incompatibility group. | n-1, a plasmid isolated from a strain of shigella flexneri in japan more than 10 years ago, mediates the phage inhibition phenotype which has recently been found to be characteristic of plasmids of the h2 incompatibility group. using the criteria of phage inhibition, surface exclusion and incompatibility, the n-1 plasmid is shown to be closely related to h2 plasmids isolated from non-typhoid salmonella and distantly related to h1 plasmids isolated from salmonella typhi. plasmids of other incompa ... | 1977 | 329103 |
| [experimental salmonellosis conjunctivitis and keratitis in guinea pigs]. | the authors present the results of morphological study of experimentally-induced conjunctivitis and keratitis induced in guinea pigs by salmonellae. it was revealed that injuries of the conjunctiva and cornea in salmonellae infection were different by development and morphological manifestations from keratoconjunctivitis caused by shigellae. this difference was due to specific peculiarities of the pathogenic properties of salmonellae and shigellae clearly expressed on the given experimental mode ... | 1977 | 331788 |
| [interspecies antagonism of dysentery bacteria]. | | 1977 | 331789 |
| [immunochemistry of shigellae. ii. o-antigen of flexner shigellae (chemical structure and relationship to serological properties)]. | | 1977 | 331790 |
| [dysentery]. | | 1977 | 329360 |
| [electron microscopic study of the interaction of shigellae with cell cultures. iii. functional-structural changes in transplanted amniotic cells exposed to extracellular flexner shigellae]. | a quantitative changes of rna and proteins and structural peculiarities of compensative-regenerative character were discovered in amnion cells subjected to the action of extracellular virulent shigellas by means of successive cytophotometry and electron microscopy. the long contact with the bacteria lead to increased degenerative changes in the cell cytoplasm. the arising changes seem to involve toxicity caused by the action of exometabolites of shigella flexneri. | 1977 | 329505 |
| [morphological changes in experimental infection in guinea pigs under the influence of prodigiozan and s-methylmethionine]. | the effect of prodigiozan and s-methylmethionine on the level of histomorphological changes in the organs and tissues of guinea pigs with experimental typhoid fever, dysentery and staphylococcal infections, as well as the effect of prednizolone with respect to dysentery and staphylococcal infections were studied. in the control animals the highest histomorphological changes were observed on the 4th day after the infection in the liver, kidneys and spleen. in the animals with staphylococcal infec ... | 1977 | 329754 |
| comparative studies on the immunologic properties of free endotoxin and lipopolysaccharide from shigella sonnei. | immunogenic, antigenic and toxic properties of free endotoxin isolated from culture media of shigella sonnei, phase i, was studied. experiments with mice showed that free endotoxin is about 3--4 times more active immunogenically and twice as toxic as cellular lipopolysaccharide. on the other hand, the antigenic activity of free endotoxin was about equal to that of lipopolysaccharide. in addition, free endotoxin had a common property characteristic for endotoxins isolated from gram-negative bacte ... | 1977 | 329799 |
| structural studies of the shigella flexneri variant x, type 5 a and type 5 b o-antigens. | previous studies of different shigella flexneri o-antigens indicate that their o-specific region is composed of oligosaccharide repeating units containing a basic tetrasaccharide structure, to which alpha-d-glucopyranosyl groups and o-acetyl groups may be attached to different positions. structural studies of o-antigens from variant x, type 5a and type 5b lend further support to this assumption. these antigens contain terminal alpha-d-glucopyranosyl groups, one each per repeating unit in x and 5 ... | 1977 | 330159 |
| algorithms in the diagnosis and management of exotic diseases. xxvii. shigellosis. | | 1977 | 333040 |
| studies with a new generation of oral attenuated shigella vaccine: escherichia coli bearing surface antigens of shigella flexneri. | in an attempt to develop a safe, proliferating, oral, attenuated vaccine against shigellosis, genes that control the synthesis of group- and type-specific somatic antigens of shigella flexneri 2a were transferred via conjugation to a recipient strain of escherichia coli. the resultant hybrid (e. coli expressing shigella surface antigens) vaccine strain, pgai 42-1-15, believed to have a complete (smooth) lipopolysaccharide, was given to volunteers in two vaccination-challenge studies. the vaccine ... | 1977 | 333041 |
| somatic antigens of shigella. structural investigation on the o-specific polysaccharide chain of shigella dysenteriae type-2 lipopolysaccharide. | the o-specific polysaccharide obtained from shigella dysenteriae type-2 lipopolysaccharide by mild acid hydrolysis consisted of n-acetylgalactosamine, n-acetylglucosamine, d-galactose, d-glucose, and o-acetyl group in the ratio of 2:1:1:1:1. a number of oligosaccharides were obtained by deamination of the n-deacetylated polysaccharide and by smith degradation of the both native and o-deacetylated polysaccharides. the identification of oligosaccharides along with methylation analysis and chromic ... | 1977 | 330162 |
| heterogeneity of streptomyces dna. | | 1977 | 330221 |
| [shigella shige as an etiological factor of bacillary dysentery]. | | 1977 | 330362 |
| antagonistic effect of extremely oxygen-sensitive clostridia from the microflora of conventional mice and of escherichia coli against shigella flexneri in the digestive tract of gnotobiotic mice. | two extremely oxygen-sensitive strains of clostridium sp., designated clostridium e and p, were obtained from digestive microflora of conventional mice and found to constitute a barrier against shigella flexneri sf-2 when associated in vivo with escherichia coli k-12. these and other simplified fractions of the conventional microflora were demonstrated to have an effect comparable to that of the total flora. when k-12 and clostridium e were established in gnotobiotic mice before the introduction ... | 1977 | 330410 |
| gastroenteritis in children: a two-year review in manitoba. i. etiology. | during two years, 1,217 children hospitalized with gastroenteritis at the children's centre in winnipeg, manitoba, canada were studied. bacterial pathogens were present in 25% of these children: enteropathogenic escherichia coli in 120, shigella in 139, salmonella in 24, and multiple pathogens in 18. rotavirus was detected in 54 (11%) of 472 patients examined. rotavirus and enteropathogenic e. coli were the most common pathogens in infants, and shigella was the most common in older children. bac ... | 1977 | 330769 |
| infectious diarrhea: when should you start to worry? | | 1977 | 331014 |
| a microbiological study of gastro-enteritis in black infants. | a survey was carried out to determine the aetiological agents responsible for acute gastro-enteritis in black infants. bacteriological examination of 191 patients and 178 age-matched controls showed that salmonellae and shigellae together accounted for only 15% of cases and were harboured by almost 7% of controls. seropositive 'enteropathogenic' escherichia coli was an important cause of diarrhoea, especially in the summer months. enterotoxin-producing e. coli was not a significant cause of gast ... | 1977 | 331509 |
| [the survival time of shigellas on plastic materials]. | | 1977 | 331701 |
| location of new clear plaque genes on the p1 map. | | 1977 | 335644 |
| [use of the keratoconjunctival model in guinea pigs for quantitative assessment of the immunogenicity of dysentery antigens]. | | 1977 | 335731 |
| [epidemiology of dysentery in dagestan]. | analysis of material on bacterial dysentery and other acute intestinal infections morbidity in the dagestan assr for a period of 15 years showed high morbidity level and its variations, with reduction and elevation in individual years, and the leading role played by shigella flexneri among the causative agents of dysentery. the greatest incidence of dysentery was revealed among children aged under one year and between 1 and 2 years. a high bacterial dysentery incidence was recorded in dagestan t ... | 1977 | 331761 |
| [comparative characteristics of cell-free filtrates of shigella flexneri of different virulence]. | it was shown for the first time that the virulent sh. flexneri strain grown on luria broth differed from the avirulent one by the yield of readily released surface-located complexes--lipopolysaccharide (determined by rhamnose) and protein into the filtrate. there was no distinct correlation between the strain virulence and the content of rhamnose-determined lipopolysaccharide in the filtrate; growing bacteria in the presence of ca and mg ions had no significant influence on the lipopolysaccharid ... | 1977 | 331764 |
| [diagnostic value of individual tests for classification of shigella]. | a total of 1243 strains of enterobacteria were studied by four tests (mobility, lysis with dysentery polyvalent bacteriophage, relation to christensen's citrate and salicin) for the purpose of determining shigellae genera. a combination of signs characteristic of shigella genus was observed in 99.1% of laboratory and in 100% of freshly-isolated strains. no such combination was found in any other of the representatives of enterobacteriaceae family. the tests under study are recommended for the wo ... | 1977 | 331770 |
| [intraspecies antagonism of sh. flexneri in an hep-2 cell line model]. | the authors describe an effect of suppression of invasion of the guinea pig eye conjunctiva and the hep-2 epithelial cells by virulent sh. flexneri bacilli, with a simultaneous administration of the same dose of avirulent shigella mutants, genetically connected with them. the data of morphological study and experiments with 3h-glucose labeled shigellae carried out on the cell species model indicated that the bacterial competition for the specific sites for absorption on the epithelial cells unde ... | 1977 | 331774 |
| [r-factor transmission during interspecies crossing of shigella and salmonella]. | | 1977 | 331777 |