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effect of curcumin against proteus mirabilis during crystallization of struvite from artificial urine.we investigated the activity of curcumin against proteus mirabilis and the struvite crystallization in relation to urinary stones formation. in order to evaluate an activity of curcumin we performed an in vitro experiment of struvite growth from artificial urine. the crystallization process was induced by proteus mirabilis to mimic the real urinary tract infection, which usually leads to urinary stone formation. the results demonstrate that curcumin exhibits the effect against proteus mirabilis ...201221808656
Bacterial infections of Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Walbaum), returning to gamete collecting weirs in Michigan.Herein, we describe the prevalence of bacterial infections in Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Walbaum), returning to spawn in two tributaries within the Lake Michigan watershed. Ten bacterial genera, including Renibacterium, Aeromonas, Carnobacterium, Serratia, Proteus, Pseudomonas, Hafnia, Salmonella, Shewanella and Morganella, were detected in the kidneys of Chinook salmon (n = 480) using culture, serological and molecular analyses. Among these, Aeromonas salmonicida was detected at ...201222168454
development of an "early warning" sensor for encrustation of urinary catheters following proteus infection.biofilm formation in long-term urinary catheterized patients can lead to encrustation and blockage of urinary catheters with serious clinical complication. catheter encrustation stems from infection with urease-producing bacteria, particularly proteus mirabilis. urease generates ammonia from urea, and the elevated ph of the urine results in crystallization of calcium and magnesium phosphates, which block the flow of urine. the aim of this research is to develop an "early warning" silicone sensor ...201221954120
Anti-bacterial studies on Hemigraphis colorata (Blume) H.G. Hallier and Elephantopus scaber L.To examine the ethanol, aqueous, chloroform, benzene, acetone and petroleum ether extracts of, Hemigraphis colorata (H. colorata) leaves and stem and Elephantopus scaber (E. scaber) leaves, root and flower for the presence of phyto-constituents and screened the anti-bacterial activity against the selected pathogens.201222182644
Inhibition of escherichia coli and proteus mirabilis adhesion and biofilm formation on medical grade silicone surface.Silicone has been utilized extensively for biomedical devices due to its excellent biocompatibility and biodurability properties. However, its surface is easily colonized by bacteria which will increase the probability of nosocomial infection. In the present work, a hydrophilic antimicrobial carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) layer has been grafted on medical grade silicone surface pre-treated with polydopamine (PDA). The increase in hydrophilicity was confirmed from contact angle measurement. Bacter ...201221956834
isolated macrodystrophia lipomatosa of the foot in a neonate: a case report.macrodystrophia lipomatosa characterized by enlargement of one or more fingers or toes with predominantly fibroadipose tissue can be part of an overgrowth syndrome such as proteus syndrome (biesecker, 2006) or cloves syndrome(sapp et al., 2007; alomari, 2009) or found as an isolated abnormality in an otherwise normal patient. it maybe present at birth or occur in early infancy with a progressive course. here, we report a case of macrodystrophia lipomatosa (mdl) diagnosed in the neonatal period i ...201221959860
Perturbation of FliL Interferes with Proteus mirabilis Swarmer Cell Gene Expression and Differentiation.Proteus mirabilis is a dimorphic, motile bacterium often associated with urinary tract infections. Colonization of urinary tract surfaces is aided by swarmer cell differentiation, which is initiated by inhibition of flagellar rotation when the bacteria first contact a surface. Mutations in fliL, encoding a flagellar structural protein with an enigmatic function, result in the inappropriate production of differentiated swarmer cells, called pseudoswarmer cells, under noninducing conditions, indic ...201222081397
molecular analysis of the genus anoxybacillus based on sequence similarity of the genes recn, flaa, and ftsy.genome predictions based on selected genes would be a very welcome approach for taxonomic studies. we analyzed three genes, recn, flaa, and ftsy, for determining if these genes are useful tools for systematic analyses in the genus anoxybacillus. the genes encoding a dna repair and genetic recombination protein (recn), the flagellin protein (flaa), and gtpase signal docking protein (ftsy) were sequenced for ten anoxybacillus species. the sequence comparisons revealed that recn sequence similariti ...201222223049
coastal seawater bacteria harbor a large reservoir of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants in jiaozhou bay, china.diversity and prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants were investigated in environmental bacteria isolated from surface seawater of jiaozhou bay, china. five qnr gene alleles were identified in 34 isolates by pcr amplification, including qnra3 gene in a shewanella algae isolate, qnrb9 gene in a citrobacter freundii isolate, qnrd gene in 22 proteus vulgaris isolates, qnrs1 gene in 1 enterobacter sp. and 4 klebsiella spp. isolates, and qnrs2 gene in 1 pseudomonas sp. and 4 ...201222252223
a case of proteus syndrome with severe spinal canal stenosis, scoliosis, and thoracic deformity associated with tethered cord.proteus syndrome is a rare, sporadic, hamartomatous disorder manifesting with multifocal overgrowth of tissue. the features seem to develop most often during childhood. vertebral overgrowth with severe spinal canal stenosis is unusual, although scoliosis with abnormal vertebral bodies is one of the typical features of proteus syndrome. we report a case of proteus syndrome with severe spinal canal stenosis, scoliosis, cervical kyphosis, and thoracic deformity with airway obstruction because of as ...201222223075
study of plasmid-mediated extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing strains of enterobacteriaceae, isolated from diabetic foot infections in a north indian tertiary-care hospital.abstract aim: this study evaluated the incidence and factors responsible for plasmid-mediated extended-spectrum β-lactamase (esbl) infection among patients with diabetic foot ulcer (dfu). subjects and methods: a prospective study was conducted on 162 dfu inpatients treated in a multidisciplinary-based diabetes and endocrinology center at jawaharlal nehru medical college of aligarh muslim university, aligarh, india, during the period of december 2008-march 2011. detailed history and patient's ...201222225456
proteus mirabilis interkingdom swarming signals attract blow flies.flies transport specific bacteria with their larvae that provide a wider range of nutrients for those bacteria. our hypothesis was that this symbiotic interaction may depend on interkingdom signaling. we obtained proteus mirabilis from the salivary glands of the blow fly lucilia sericata; this strain swarmed significantly and produced a strong odor that attracts blow flies. to identify the putative interkingdom signals for the bacterium and flies, we reasoned that as swarming is used by this bac ...201222237540
antimicrobial susceptibility of gram-negative pathogens isolated from patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections in south african hospitals (smart study 2004-2009): impact of the new carbapenem breakpoints.abstract background: the study for monitoring antimicrobial resistance trends (smart) follows trends in resistance among aerobic and facultative anaerobic gram-negative bacilli (gnb) isolated from complicated intra-abdominal infections (ciais) in patients around the world. methods: during 2004-2009, three centralized clinical microbiology laboratories serving 59 private hospitals in three large south african cities collected 1,218 gnb from complicated intra-abdominal infections (ciais) and t ...201222220506
french results of the aresc study: clinical aspects and epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance in female patients with cystitis. implications for empiric therapy.objective: uncomplicated cystitis is one of the most frequent community infections. we report the french results of the international aresc study on the clinical aspects, epidemiology, and antimicrobial susceptibility of uropathogens. patient and methods: female patients between 18 and 65 years of age, with symptoms of uncomplicated cystitis, were investigated clinically with urinalysis and urine culture. uropathogens were identified and their susceptibility was tested with nine antimicrobials. ...201222264668
Diversity and assessment of potential risk factors of Gram-negative isolates associated with French cheeses.The goal of this study was to identify at the species level a large collection of Gram-negative dairy bacteria isolated from milks or semi-hard and soft, smear-ripened cheeses (cheese core or surface samples) from different regions of France. The isolates were then assessed for two risk factors, antibiotic resistance and volatile and non-volatile biogenic amine production in vitro. In total, 173 Gram-negative isolates were identified by rrs and/or rpoB gene sequencing. A large biodiversity was o ...201222029922
post-operative wound infection in salvage laryngectomy: does antibiotic prophylaxis have an impact?salvage laryngectomy carries a high risk of post-operative infection with reported rates of 40-61%. the purpose of this study was to analyse infections in our own patients and review the potential impact of our current antibiotic prophylaxis (ap). a retrospective analysis of infection in 26 consecutive patients between 2000 and 2010 undergoing salvage total laryngectomy (sl) following recurrent laryngeal cancer after failed radiotherapy or chemo-radiation was undertaken. the antibiotic prophylax ...201222274693
extended-spectrum beta-lactamase orthopedic wound infections in nigeria.extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing gram-negative bacteria are emerging and impacting significantly on the management of patients and hospital costs. besides, they are not being routinely sought after in diagnostic laboratories thus contributing to treatment failure.201121887050
Isolation and identification of antibacterial compound from the leaves of Cassia auriculata.Antimicrobial properties of medicinal plants and plant parts such as flowers, roots, fruits, seeds and oils are being used to cure some chronic and acute diseases throughout the world. In the present study, an attempt has been made to isolate and identify the antibacterial compound present in the leaves of the Cassia auriculata.201122013726
[evaluation of biofilm formation by proteus mirabilis strains on the surface of different biomaterials by two methods].proteus sp. rods are opportunistic human pathogens. these microorganisms are mainly isolated from patients with urinary tract infections, particularly associated with using of biomaterials, on which surface they can form biofilm. the aim of our study was the estimation of proteus mirabilis rods ability to form biofilm on the surface of 5 biomaterials (polychloride vinyl, silicone latex, polypropylene, polybutylen teraftalan and polyamide) using richards' and quantitative method and comparison re ...201122184907
anthemis wiedemanniana essential oil prevents lps-induced production of no in raw 264.7 macrophages and exerts antiproliferative and antibacterial activities in vitro.anthemis wiedemanniana is known in folk medicine for the treatment of microbial infections, cancer and also urinary and pulmonary problems. in this study, the chemical composition of the essential oil from a. wiedemanniana was evaluated and its antibacterial activity was tested against 10 bacterial strains. the oil was also tested for its potentiality to inhibit nitric oxide production in raw 264.7 macrophages and for its cytotoxicity against four human cancer cell lines. a. wiedemanniana oil, r ...201122124231
outbreak caused by proteus mirabilis isolates producing weakly expressed tem-derived extended-spectrum β-lactamase in spinal cord injury patients with recurrent bacteriuria.we performed a retrospective extended-spectrum β-lactamase (esbl) molecular characterization of proteus mirabilis isolates recovered from urine of spinal cord injury patients. a incorrectly detected tem-24-producing clone and a new weakly expressed tem-derived esbl were discovered. in such patients, esbl detection in daily practice should be improved by systematic use of a synergy test in strains of p. mirabilis resistant to penicillins.201121888562
Cerebral Abscess Complicating Proteus mirabilis Meningitis in a Newborn Infant.Neonatal bacterial meningitis is associated with high morbidity and mortality, especially when complicated by intracranial abscesses. The authors report the case of an 11-day-old female with Proteus mirabilis meningitis complicated by an asymptomatic brain abscess. With this report, the authors illustrate the importance of surveillance neuroradiologic imaging in patients with Proteus meningitis.201122114212
the microbial flora associated with oral carcinomas.changes in the microbial flora on the oral mucosa after cancerous alteration may lead to both local and systemic infections. in this study, we assessed the microbial flora associated with the surfaces of oral squamous cell carcinoma. a comparative evaluation of these microbial contents was made with that of the contralateral healthy mucosa and control (healthy) mucosa. we also assessed the microbial flora from the saliva culture in subjects with oral squamous cell carcinoma and healthy controls.201121909494
radial and spiral stream formation in proteus mirabilis colonies.the enteric bacterium proteus mirabilis, which is a pathogen that forms biofilms in vivo, can swarm over hard surfaces and form a variety of spatial patterns in colonies. colony formation involves two distinct cell types: swarmer cells that dominate near the surface and the leading edge, and swimmer cells that prefer a less viscous medium, but the mechanisms underlying pattern formation are not understood. new experimental investigations reported here show that swimmer cells in the center of the ...201122219724
chromosomal integration and location on inct plasmids of the blactx-m-2 gene in proteus mirabilis clinical isolates.analysis of five ctx-m-2-producing proteus mirabilis isolates in japan demonstrated that bla(ctx-m-2) was located on the chromosome in four isolates and on inct plasmids in three isolates, including two isolates that also carried the gene on the chromosome. in all four isolates with chromosomal bla(ctx-m-2), isecp1 was responsible for the integration of the gene into the chromosome. three different sites in the p. mirabilis genomic sequence were utilized as integration sites.201122106217
description and plasmid characterization of qnrd determinants in proteus mirabilis and morganella morganii.clin microbiol infect abstract: we investigated the presence of qnrc and qnrd among 756 non-replicate enterobacteriaceae isolated in italy, selected for being non-susceptible to fluoroquinolones and/or resistant to third-generation cephalosporins. four proteus mirabilis and one morganella morganii (0.66% of the total) presented a qnrd gene, located in a 2687-base-pair plasmid that was entirely sequenced. the plasmid is un-typable, and contains no known coding region other than qnrd. that the qnr ...201122192340
influence of quorum sensing signal molecules on biofilm formation in proteus mirabilis o18.the influence of basis of quorum sensing molecules on proteus strains is much less known as compared to pseudomonas or escherichia. we have previously shown that a series of acylated homoserine lactones (acyl-hsl) does not influence the ureolytic, proteolytic, or hemolytic abilities, and that the swarming motility of proteus mirabilis rods is strain specific. the aim of the presented study was to find out if the presence of a series of acyl-hsl influences biofilm formation of p. mirabilis labora ...201122198843
prevalence of viral, bacterial and parasitological diseases in rats and mice used in research environments in australasia over a 5-y period.viral, bacterial and parasitological infections in rats and mice used in biomedical research continue to occur despite improved housing and biosurveillance. the presence of disease in laboratory animals can lead to spurious results for research undertaken in universities, research institutes and the pharmaceutical industry. here the authors report the results of serological, microbiological, parasitological and molecular tests done on mice and rats from australasia submitted to a rodent health m ...201122012194
the new variant of salmonella genomic island 1 (sgi1-v) from a proteus mirabilis french clinical isolate harbours blaveb-6 and qnra1 in the multiple antibiotic resistance region.the clinical strain of proteus mirabilis vb1248 isolated from a blood culture in august 2009 was multiresistant (i.e. resistant to β-lactams, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides and sulphonamides). we searched for the presence of a salmonella genomic island 1 (sgi1).201121846670
diagnosis and management of extensive vascular malformations of the lower limb: part i. clinical diagnosis.there is significant confusion in the literature when describing vascular anomalies, and vascular malformations are often misnamed or incorrectly classified. part i of this two-part series on the diagnosis and management of extensive vascular malformations of the lower limbs will discuss the dermatologist's role in the diagnosis of these lesions. at least nine types of vascular malformations with specific clinical and radiologic characteristics must be distinguished in the lower limbs: klippel-t ...201122000870
evaluation of abelmoschus moschatus extracts for antioxidant, free radical scavenging, antimicrobial and antiproliferative activities using in vitro assays.abelmoschus moschatus medik. leaves and seeds are considered as valuable traditional medicine. the aromatic seeds of this plant are aphrodisiac, ophthalmic, cardio tonic, antispasmodic and used in the treatment of intestinal complaints and check queasiness. to give a scientific basis for traditional usage of this medicinal plant, the seed and leaf extracts were evaluated for their antioxidant, free radical scavenging, antimicrobial and antiproliferative activities.201121849051
mutually facilitated dispersal between the nonmotile fungus aspergillus fumigatus and the swarming bacterium paenibacillus vortex.in the heterogeneous environment surrounding plant roots (the rhizosphere), microorganisms both compete and cooperate. here, we show that two very different inhabitants of the rhizosphere, the nonmotile fungus aspergillus fumigatus and the swarming bacterium paenibacillus vortex, can facilitate each other's dispersal. a. fumigatus conidia (nonmotile asexual fungal spores) can be transported by p. vortex swarms over distances of at least 30 cm and at rates of up to 10.8 mm h(-1). moreover, conidi ...201122106274
application of high-throughput sequencing to measure the performance of commonly used selective cultivation methods for the foodborne pathogen campylobacter.campylobacter is an important foodborne human pathogen, which has traditionally been studied using a variety of selective cultivation methods. here we use next-generation sequencing to ask the following: (i) how selective are commonly used campylobacter cultivation methods relative to the initial sample and (ii) how do the specificity and sensitivity of these methods compare with one another? to answer these questions, we used 16s rrna tagged-pyrosequencing to sequence directly from a pooled fec ...201122092388
mutant akt1 in proteus syndrome. 201122129268
phytochemical constituents and antibacterial efficacy of the flowers of peltophorum pterocarpum (dc.) baker ex heyne.to investigate the preliminary phytochemistry and antibacterial activity of the flower extract of peltophorum pterocarpum .201121967698
sublethal ciprofloxacin treatment leads to resistance via antioxidant systems in proteus mirabilis.this study investigates new aspects of the possible role of antioxidant defenses in the mechanisms of resistance to ciprofloxacin in proteus mirabilis. four ciprofloxacin-resistant variants (crvs), selected in vitro by repeated cultures in a sub-minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) concentration of ciprofloxacin, attained different levels of antibiotic resistance and high ferric reducing antioxidant power, with 10(-6) frequencies. however, no mutations occurred in positions 83 or 87 of gyra, ...201122092852
proteomic analysis of proteus mirabilis outer membrane proteins reveals differential expression in vivo vs. in vitro conditions.proteus mirabilis is an opportunistic pathogen that frequently causes complicated urinary tract infections. among a wide spectrum of potential virulence factors, outer membrane proteins (omps) are critical for bacterial interactions and survival in different environments. in this work, we used a proteomic approach to assess p. mirabilis in vivo omps expression compared to in vitro, including iron replete and iron-restricted conditions. three putative iron receptors, irea, pmi0842, and pmi2596, w ...201122077220
characterisation of the microbiota of atlantic mackerel (scomber scombrus).in this study the microbiota of atlantic mackerel (scomber scombrus) collected by a commercial purse seiner was examined. fish were collected directly from the purse seine and from the refrigerated sea water (rsw) transport tank after loading. the culturable microbiota and specific spoilage bacteria (ssb) were quantified on iron agar lyngby (ial) and identified using commercially available biochemical api® kits on pure cultured isolates. these kits showed to be sub-optimal in characterising the ...201121914558
Comparative study of antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of methanolic and aqueous extracts of the fruit of Emblica officinalis against pathogenic bacteria.To investigate antimicrobial potential of aqueous (infusions, decoctions) and methanlic extracts (1:2 and 1:5 concentrations) of Emblica officinalis (amla) against seven pathogenic bacteria namely Staphylococcs aureus, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus cloacae, Proteus vulgaris and Klebsiella pneumoniae.201121977871
Deciphering simultaneous bioelectricity generation and dye decolorization using Proteus hauseri.This first-attempt study disclosed how and why electron-shuttling mediators were capable to stimulate bioelectricity-generating capabilities of dye-bearing microbial fuel cells (MFCs) using Proteus hauseri. Due to significant biotoxicity of 4-aminophenol (4AP) and the absence of electron-mediating potential of 3AP, only 2AP among all isomers could work as an exogenous mediator to stimulate bioelectricity generation of P. hauseri. Dye toxicity to cells on anodic biofilm in MFCs apparently affecte ...201122178022
development of a specific polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of basidiobolus.the aethiology of chronic diarrhoea is complex in humans and animals. it is always necessary to evaluate a list of differential diagnosis, including bacteria, protozoa and fungi. basidiobolomycosis is a fungal disease reported sporadically worldwide, mainly caused by b. ranarum, a frequent organism found in soil or in the intestine and skin of lizards and frogs. it is an opportunistic infection characterized by granulomatous lesions in the subcutaneous tissues but also in the intestine wall in h ...201122075784
biofouling characteristics and identification of preponderant bacteria at different nutrient levels in batch tests of a recirculating cooling water system.understanding the influence of nutrient levels on biofouling control is an important requirement for management strategies in a recirculating cooling water system. nutrient limitation may be one way to control biofouling development without increasing biocide dosing. therefore, this study was carried out to investigate the effects of nutrient levels on biofouling characteristics and to identify the preponderant bacteria in the batch tests with a simulated cooling water system. the biofouling cha ...201121879565
clinical and bacteriological profile of urinary tract infection in children at nepal medical college teaching hospital.the aim of this study was to study the clinical and bacteriological profile of urinary tract infection (uti) in children. this was a prospective study of 40 culture positive cases of uti in children who attended pediatric outpatient department of nepal medical college teaching hospital. uti was more common in female (65.0%) than in male (35.0%). half were in the age group 1- 5 years. fever was the most common presentation (65.0%) followed by abdominal pain (42.5%), decreased appetite (37.5%) and ...201121991696
colonisation and infection due to enterobacteriaceae producing plasmid-mediated ampc β-lactamases.to investigate the epidemiology and clinical features of infections caused by enterobacteria producing plasmid-mediated ampc β-lactamases (pampc), which are emerging as a cause of resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins.201122138600
Proteus penneri lurking in the intensive care unit: An important often ignored nosocomial pathogen. 201122013265
[evaluation of chromogenic medium uriselect4 in urine culture].we evaluated the performance and the cost of chromogenic medium uriselect4 agar with regard to the standard medium for the detection and identification of urinary tract pathogens. a total of 503 clinical urine specimens containing leucocytes greater or equal to 104/ml were analysed prospectively, in parallel by two different persons on blood agar (gs) and uriselect4 according to the manufacturers' instructions. of the 503 urine specimens tested, 210 gave a positive culture on uriselect4 versus 1 ...201122008133
antibacterial activities of 4-substituted-2-[(e)-{(1s,2r)/(1r,2s)-1-hydroxy-1-phenylpropan-2-ylimino}methyl]phenol.a series of norephedrine-based schiff bases (1a-6a and 1b-6b) were synthesized by reacting substituted salicylaldehydes with d-norephedrine or l-norephedrine. the structure of these compounds was confirmed by elemental analyses and spectroscopic techniques. the molecular structures of 5a and 6a have been determined by x-ray crystallography, which revealed that the compounds are in the oxoamino form, with bent intramolecular n-h···o (n···o ≈ 2.58 å) hydrogen bonds and that they are associated in ...201122098701
Use of a DNA microarray for detection and identification of bacterial pathogens associated with fishery products.We established a microarray for the simultaneous detection and identification of diverse putative pathogens often associated with fishery products by targeting specific genes of Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella, Shigella, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio vulnificus, and Yersinia enterocolitica and the 16S-23S rRNA gene internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of Proteus mirabilis and Proteus vulgaris. The microarray contained 26 sp ...201121965411
multiple origins of endosymbiosis within the enterobacteriaceae (gamma-proteobacteria): convergence of complex phylogenetic approaches.abstract: background: the bacterial family enterobacteriaceae gave rise to a variety of symbiotic forms, from the loosely associated commensals, often designated as secondary (s) symbionts, to obligate mutualists, called primary (p) symbionts. determination of the evolutionary processes behind this phenomenon has long been hampered by the unreliability of phylogenetic reconstructions within this group of bacteria. the main reasons have been the absence of sufficient data, the highly derived nat ...201122201529
Impact of adopting minimum inhibitory concentration as the determinant of susceptibility to cephalosporins and carbapenems in multi-drug resistant Enterobacteriaceae.The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute has recommended that Enterobacteriaceae susceptibility to most cephalosporins and carbapenems be reported according to minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) alone. We analyzed our record of multi-drug resistant Enterobacteriaceae to assess the impact of these changes. We compared susceptibilities of ceftriaxone-resistant Enterobacteriaceae when using the 2009 and new 2010 MIC standards. Vitek2® (BioMerieux), was used to assess the changes in susce ...201121912922
urinary pathogens and drug susceptibility patterns of urinary tract infections among antenatal clinic attendees in ibadan, nigeria.aim:  to determine the bacterial agents involved in urinary tract infections in pregnant women and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns in ibadan, nigeria. methods:  all consenting subjects who attended antenatal clinics of the university college hospital and adeoyo maternity hospital, ibadan, nigeria, from 1 april 2007 and 30 march 2009 were interviewed to obtain demographic and pregnancy health data. mid-stream urine samples obtained were processed by standard methods. confirmed bacterial ...201121917070
Microbiology of the chronic suppurative otitis media.The aim of the study was to determine aetiological agents of chronic suppurative inflammation of the middle ear and their susceptibility to antibiotics, which could lead to better therapeutic decisions and consequently avoidance of appearance of resistance to specific antibiotics. Most frequently isolated agents were Staphylococcus aureus (30.6%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (22.4%), Klebsiella spp. (10.6%) and Proteus spp. (7.1%). None of the isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin. High sensitivit ...201121849954
Participation of mast cells in chronic otitis media.In the pathogenesis of chronic otitis media (COM), much attention is paid to the molecular mechanisms of local inflammatory reactions in which mast cells (MCs) may be involved due to their role not only in allergic but also inflammatory processes. The aim of this study was to assess the density of mast cells in chronic otitis media in relationship to different clinical courses of COM, bacterial infections and types of disease. The MCs expression was measured immunohistochemically in paraffin-emb ...201122038229
dissemination of the rmtb gene carried on incf and incn plasmids among enterobacteriaceae in a pig farm and its environment.to investigate the prevalence and characterization of 16s rrna methylase-producing bacteria in a pig farm and its environment in east china.201121852287
genetic features of blandm-1-positive enterobacteriaceae.genetic features associated with the bla(ndm-1) gene were investigated in 6 escherichia coli, 7 klebsiella pneumoniae, 1 citrobacter freundii, 1 proteus mirabilis, and 1 providencia stuartii isolate of worldwide origin. clonal diversity was observed for both e. coli and k. pneumoniae. the bla(ndm-1) gene was carried by different plasmid types (inca/c, incf, incl/m, or untypeable) and was likely chromosome borne in two isolates. the bla(ndm-1) plasmids coharbored a variety of resistance determina ...201121859933
photoletter to the editor: oral ulceration in pyoderma gangrenosum.a 65-year-old woman presented with widespread necrotising cutaneous ulceration and oral involvement. past history included rheumatoid arthritis, and a left nephrectomy.examination revealed multiple violaceous undermined ulcers. blood investigations showed an acute inflammatory response. skin histopathology showed epidermal ulceration with acute and chronic inflammation. direct immunofluorescence was negative. a diagnosis of pyoderma gangrenosum with oral involvement was made. mycophenolate mofet ...201121894254
predictors of surgical site infections of the abdomen in lagos, nigeria.the issue of nosocomial infection constitute a significant burden on any health care facility particularly in resource constrained centers of many developing countries.201121913509
proteus mirabilis biofilms and catheter-associated urinary tract infections.proteus mirabilis inhabits the environment and causes a number of infections including those of the skin, respiratory tract, wounds and urinary tract. these organisms express virulence factors associated with adhesion, motility, immunoavoidance, nutrient acquisition, host damage, as well as biofilm formation. p. mirabilis produces biofilms in diverse habitats with those formed in the human host playing a key role in indwelling device infections. the most studied p. mirabilis biofilms are those f ...201121921687
penile reconstruction for a case of genital lymphoedema secondary to proteus syndrome.to our knowledge penile lymphoedema secondary to proteus syndrome has not previously been reported. hence we report a case of a 16-year-old male who was referred with features of right hemi-hypertrophy and severe lymphoedema affecting his scrotum and penis. he had previously undergone scrotal reduction surgery at the age of 13, but had since developed worsening penile oedema. his main concern was that of cosmetic appearance prior to sexual debut, and he also complained of erectile dysfunction. a ...201122084799
the rising problem of antimicrobial resistance in the intensive care unit.abstract: mainly due to its extremely vulnerable population of critically ill patients, and the high use of (invasive) procedures, the intensive care unit (icu) is the epicenter of infections. these infections are associated with an important rise in morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. the additional problem of multidrug-resistant pathogens boosts the adverse impact of infections in icus. several factors influence the rapid spread of multidrug-resistant pathogens in the icu, e.g., new mu ...201122112929
Gram stain microbiological pattern of upper extremities suppuration at Baptist Medical Centre, Ogbomoso Nigeria: a fifteen month review.Sixty-eight (68) patients with serious upper extremity suppurative infections, presenting within a period of fifteen (15) months, were prospectively studied clinically, Gram stain of aspirates/pus were performed, specimen cultured, planted, and where indicated glucose levels and haemoglobin genotype determined. Half of the patients had hand infections. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from thirty-nine (39) patients. Gram Negative bacilli, including Salmonella were more isolated from patients w ...201122195385
Preventing catheter-related urinary tract infection: focus on Proteus mirabilis.Urinary tract infectious caused by Proteus are uncommon, and account for only 1-2% of community-acquired infectious. However, it is important that staff are able to recognise the features of a Proteus infection. Proteus infections, if unrecognised, can become established and cause major health problems. Proteus is more common in people who have or have had a urinary catheter. Minimizing the incidence and duration of urinary catheterization is an important part of preventing infection. Community ...201122145192
Macrodystrophia lipomatosa involving multiple nerves.Macrodystrophia lipomatosa (MDL), a rare congenital disorder, is considered by some to be a localized form of Proteus syndrome. The implication of the PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10) gene in both strengthens this belief. We present a case who had MDL in multiple nerve territories-all on the same side of the body-with hypertrophy of mainly fibroadipose tissue throughout their distribution, thus pointing to a form of localized hemihypertrophy; both hemihypertrophy an ...201121948052
[effect of acetylcholine and acetylcholinesterase on the activity of contractile vacuole of amoeba proteus].acetylcholine (ach, 1 microm) stimulates activity of the contractile vacuole of proteus. the effect of ach is not mimicked by its analogs which are not hydrolyzed by acetylcholinesterase (ache), i. e., carbacholine and 5-methylfurmethide. the effect of ach is not sensitive to the blocking action of m-cholinolytics, atropine and mytolone, but is suppressed by n-cholinolytic, tubocurarine. the inhibitors of ache, eserine (0.01 microm) and armine (0.1 microm), suppress the effect of ach on amoeba c ...201121870511
Structure of the core part of the lipopolysaccharide from Proteus mirabilis genomic strain HI4320.The structure of the core part of the lipopolysaccharide from Proteus mirabilis genomic strain HI4320 was studied. Core oligosaccharide was isolated by mild acid hydrolysis of the lipopolysaccharide and analyzed by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry as well as chemical methods. The structure of the oligosaccharide was established.201121999542
Pulmonary Zygomycosis with Cunninghamella bertholletiae in a Killer Whale (Orcinus orca).An adult female killer whale (Orcinus orca) was transported to the Port of Nagoya public aquarium in June 2010. While the animal was being maintained in the aquarium there was a gradual decrease in body weight. On October 1st, 2010 the whale exhibited signs of gastrointestinal disease and died on January 14th, 2011. At necropsy examination the gastric compartments were filled with a large number of variably-sized rocks (total weight 81.4 kg) and there was marked ulceration in the third compartme ...201122000035
antimicrobial activity and phytochemical screening of serial extracts from leaves of aegle marmelos (linn.).the in vitro antimicrobial activity of serial petroleum ether, chloroform and methanol extracts from leaves of aegle mawmelos were investigated against bacterial and fungal species. all the extracts exhibited broad spectrum antimicrobial activity with zones of inhibition ranging from 10 to 22 mm against bacteria: staphylococcus aureus, beta streptococcus haemolyticus group a, proteus mimrabilis, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aenrginosa, escherichia coli, salmonella typhi, fungi: candida alb ...201121928713
serotyping of proteus mirabilis clinical strains based on lipopolysaccharide o-polysaccharide and core oligosaccharide structures.the aim of this work was to serotype proteus mirabilis urinary tract infection (uti) strains based on chemically defined o-antigens with the use of two clinical collections from sweden and poland consisting of 99 and 24 uti strains, respectively. a simple two-step serotyping scheme was proposed using enzyme immunoassay with heat-stable surface antigens of proteus cells and immunoblotting with isolated lipopolysaccharides (lpss). using polyclonal anti-p. mirabilis rabbit antisera, 50 swedish and ...201121999547
role of the umo proteins and the rcs phosphorelay in the swarming motility of the wild type and an o-antigen (waal) mutant of proteus mirabilis.proteus mirabilis is a gram-negative bacterium that exists as a short rod when grown in liquid medium, but during growth on surfaces it undergoes a distinct physical and biochemical change that culminates in the formation of a swarmer cell. how p. mirabilis senses a surface is not fully understood; however, the inhibition of flagellar rotation and accumulation of putrescine have been proposed to be sensory mechanisms. our lab recently isolated a transposon insertion in waal, encoding o-antigen l ...201122139504
pcb accumulation and tissue distribution in cave salamander (proteus anguinus anguinus, amphibia, urodela) in the polluted karstic hinterland of the krupa river, slovenia.for over two decades, a manufacturer of electrical capacitors disposed of its waste within the karstic hinterland of the krupa river (slovenia) resulting in the surroundings becomming heavily polluted with pcb. albeit the extent of the contamination has been known since 1983 and the krupa river has become one of the most pcb polluted river in europe, the effects on the cave fauna of the region remain unknown. the most famous cave dweller of the krupa hinterland is the endemic cave salamander pro ...201121658741
control of clinical pathogens by the haemolymph of paratelphusa hydrodromous, a freshwater crab.in the present study, effort has been made to find the antimicrobial activity of haemolymph collected from freshwater crab, paratelphusa hydrodromous. the haemolymph collected was tested for antimicrobial assay by disc diffusion method against clinical pathogens. five bacterial species, namely, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumonia, proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus, and five fungal strains, namely and aspergillus flavus, aspergillus fumigatus, aspergillus niger, ...201122084719
[virulence factors in proteus spp. bacteria isolated from urinary tract infections: their detection and importance].nosocomial infections associated with biofilm formation have been a serious problem in recent years. up to 32 % of them are urinary tract infections in patients with long-dwelling catheters. catheters represent an ideal surface for bacterial adhesion, facilitating easier colonization of the urinary tract. important pathogens causing these infections are bacteria of the genus proteus that colonize catheters not only by biofilm formation but also using other virulence factors. those were developed ...201122052099
nosocomial infection and characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamases-producing enterobacteriaceae in northeast brazil.extended spectrum β-lactamases (esbls) are enzymes that degrade β-lactam antibiotics and have been reported to be an important cause of nosocomial infection in worldwide.201121860889
macroscopic behavior of systems with an axial dynamic preferred direction.we present the derivation of the macroscopic equations for systems with an axial dynamic preferred direction. in addition to the usual hydrodynamic variables, we introduce the time derivative of the local preferred direction as a new variable and discuss its macroscopic consequences including new cross-coupling terms. such an approach is expected to be useful for a number of systems for which orientational degrees of freedom are important including, for example, the formation of dynamic macrosco ...201122120542
Acinetobacter baumannii is Able to Gain and Maintain a Plasmid Harbouring In35 Found in Enterobacteriaceae Isolates From Argentina.The aim of this study was to determine the presence of bla (CTX-M-2) in our A. baumannii population and their putative role as an alternative mechanism of resistance to third-generation cephalosporins in this species. The bla (CTX-M-2) gene is widespread among the Enterobacteriaceae isolates from our country; however, it was not found in 76 isolates A. baumannii non-epidemiologically related clinical isolates resistant to third-generation cephalosporins ...201122119898
Plasmid-mediated transfer of the bla(NDM-1) gene in Gram-negative rods.The latest threat of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria corresponds to the emergence of carbapenemase NDM-1 (New Delhi metallo-ß-lactamase) producers, mostly in Enterobacteriacae. Five bla(NDM) (-1) -positive plasmids of different incompatibility groups (IncL/M, FII, A/C and two untypeable plasmids) from clinical Enterobacteriaceae were evaluated for conjugation properties and host specificity. Successful conjugative transfers were obtained using all tested enterobacterial species as rec ...201122092811
[Uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections in females--clinical aspects, aetiology and antimicrobial resistance epidemiology. Results of the ARESC (Antimicrobial Resistance Epidemiological Survey on Cystitis) study in Poland and their implications for empiric therapy].The Polish results of the international ARESC study are reported concerning clinical aspects, epidemiology, and antimicrobial susceptibility of uropathogens.201121913487
clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing bacteremias in the emergency department.extended-spectrum β-lactamase (esbl)-producing bacteria have been spreading from hospitals to communities. despite this, there are limited emergency department (ed) patient-based studies about these bacteremias. a retrospective matched case-control study with a ratio of 1:3 was conducted at a university hospital. the case group consisted of patients aged >16 years with esbl-producing bacteremias in the ed. patients matched for age and sex with non-esbl-producing bacteremias were sampled as the c ...201122033790
antimicrobial and toxicological activities of five medicinal plant species from cameroon traditional medicine.infectious diseases caused by multiresistant microbial strains are on the increase. fighting these diseases with natural products may be more efficacious. the aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of methanolic, ethylacetate (etoac) and hexanic fractions of five cameroonian medicinal plants (piptadeniastum africana, cissus aralioides, hileria latifolia, phyllanthus muellerianus and gladiolus gregasius) against 10 pathogenic microorganisms of the urogenital and ...201121867554
Childhood suppurative otitis media in Abakaliki: isolated microbes and in vitro antibiotic sensitivity pattern.Suppurative otitis media (SOM) is the most common pediatric problem seen by otolaryngologists in Nigeria. Devising simple and effective ways of treating pediatric patients with suppurating ears, especially in situations without a specialist care, will help prevent chronicity. Our experience with som at the ebonyi state university teaching hospital (ebsuth), abakaliki, is reviewed in this study. it may serve as a guide in patient care.201121860131
a self-loading microfluidic device for determining the minimum inhibitory concentration of antibiotics.this article describes a portable microfluidic technology for determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of antibiotics against bacteria. the microfluidic platform consists of a set of chambers molded in poly(dimethylsiloxane) (pdms) that are preloaded with antibiotic, dried, and reversibly sealed to a second layer of pdms containing channels that connect the chambers. the assembled device is degassed via vacuum prior to its use, and the absorption of gas by pdms provides the mechani ...201122193301
Fluorinated s-triazinyl piperazines as antimicrobial agents.A series of 1,3,5-triazine derivatives that contain 4-amino-2-trifluoromethyl-benzonitrile, 8-hydroxyquinoline, and different piperazines as substituents at the carbon atoms of the triazine ring have been synthesized by a simple and efficient synthetic protocol. The chemical structures of the compounds were elucidated with the aid of IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. The antimicrobial activity of the compounds was tested against seven bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus MT ...201121950158
Bactericidal properties of pradofloxacin against veterinary pathogens.Pradofloxacin is a new veterinary 8-cyano-fluoroquinolone developed for use against bacterial infections in dogs and cats involving both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. The minimal bactericidal concentrations have been determined against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pasteurella multocida, Streptococcus canis, Proteus spp., Fusobacterium spp., Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella species. A subset of these species was selected, ...201122209121
Antibacterial activity of some Indian Ayurvedic preparations against enteric bacterial pathogens.In Ayurveda, various herbal preparations are clinically used to prevent or cure infectious diseases. Herbal preparations such as Triphala churna, Hareetaki churna, Dashmula churna, Manjistadi churna, Sukhsarak churna, Ajmodadi churna, Shivkshar pachan churna, Mahasudarshan churna, Swadist Virechan churna and Pipramool churna were investigated by preparing their organic solvent extract for antibacterial potential against enteric bacterial pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, ...201122171288
Facial infiltrating lipomatosis: A case report and review of literature.Infiltrating lipomatosis of the face has been described as a congenital disorder in which mature lipocytes invade adjacent tissues in the facial region. The presentation is always unilateral with hypertrophy of hard and soft structures on the affected side of the face. We present a case of a 27-year-old female who reported with a complaint of recurrent unilateral facial swelling with history of two previous resections, the histopathology or details of these surgeries were not available. The pati ...201122096727
Molecular mimicry between spermatozoa and bacteria.Sperm immobilization factor isolated from Staphylococcus aureus immobilizes human spermatozoa as well as motile bacteria, showing that sperm immobilization factor receptor might be shared by bacteria and human spermatozoa. Thus, we sought to identify a common sperm immobilization factor binding receptor on spermatozoa and bacteria.201122019166
respiratory bacterial flora from healthy as well as respiratory symptoms' subjects.respiratory system is the primary settlement place of opportunistic organisms and considered as chief carrier of common respiratory pathogens. the aim of the study was to know the opportunistic organisms present in the healthy subjects as well as subjects that were suffering from respiratory symptoms. the organisms were identified as per standard bacteriological protocol and pathogenicity tests of the identified organisms were performed in mouse model. antibiotic sensitivity of the identified or ...201121902058
frequency of extended spectrum beta lactamase producing enterobacteriaceae among urinary pathogen isolates.objective: to determine the frequency of extended-spectrum beta lactamase (esbl) producing enterobacteriaceae in urinary isolates. study design: observational study. place and duration of study: ziauddin university hospital, karachi, from february to october 2008. methodology: all members of enterobacteriaceae isolated from urinary samples of in-patients were included and identified using standard biochemical tests. urinary samples from out-patients were excluded. detection of esbl was carried o ...201122166694
antibiotic sensitivity profile of bacterial pathogens in postoperative wound infections at a tertiary care hospital in gujarat, india.to find out the most common bacterial pathogens responsible for post-operative wound infection and their antibiotic sensitivity profile.201121897707
development of 3d architecture of uropathogenic proteus mirabilis batch culture biofilms-a quantitative confocal microscopy approach.this work studies the development of the 3d architecture of batch culture p. mirabilis biofilms on the basis of morpho-topological descriptors calculated from confocal laser scanning microscopy (clsm) stacks with image processing routines. a precise architectonical understanding of biofilm organization on a morpho-topological level is necessary to understand emergent interactions with the environment and the appearance of functionally different progeny swarmer cells. p. mirabilis biofilms were g ...201121864585
phenolic compounds and biological activity of kitaibelia vitifolia.this study was aimed at evaluating the antioxidant activity and efficacy of the ethanolic extract of the endemic plant species kitaibelia vitifolia in inhibiting the growth of selected fungi and bacteria. antimicrobial activity was tested using the broth dilution procedure for determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (mic). mics were determined for eight selected indicator strains. the highest susceptibility to k. vitifolia ethanolic extract among the bacteria tested was exhibited by ba ...201121877950
activities of jatropha curcas phorbol esters in various bioassays.jatropha curcas seeds contain 30-35% oil, which can be converted to high quality biodiesel. however, jatropha oil is toxic, ascribed to the presence of phorbol esters (pes). in this study, isolated phorbol ester rich fraction (peef) was used to evaluate the activity of pes using three aquatic species based bioassays (snail (physa fontinalis), brine shrimp (artemeia salina), daphnia (daphnia magna)) and microorganisms. in all the bioassays tested, increase in concentration of pes increased mortal ...201122172520
[Influence of predominant aerobic bacteria isolated from different healthy animals on daidzein biotransforming capacity by co-culture with different daidzein biotransforming bacteria].To investigate the influence of isolated predominant aerobic bacteria on daidzein biotransformation capacity by co-culture with daidzein biotransforming bacteria.201122097769
antibacterial activity of water-soluble extract from pine needles of cedrus deodara.the antibacterial activity of water-soluble extract from pine needles of cedrus deodara (wec) was evaluated on five food-borne bacteria, and its related mechanism was investigated by transmission electron microscope. in vitro antibacterial assay showed that wec possesses a remarkable antibacterial activity against tested food-borne bacteria including escherichia coli, proteus vulgaris, staphylococcus aureus, bacillus subtilis and bacillus cereus, with the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) a ...201122104118
synthesis and biological evaluation of some thiazolidinones as antimicrobial agents.a novel series of thiazolidinone derivatives namely 4-(4-dimethylamino-6-{4-[5-(4-ethylpiperazin-1-ylmethyl)-4-oxo-2-phenylthiazolidin-3-yl]-phenylamino}-[1,3,5]triazin-2-yloxy)-1-methyl-1h-quinolin-2-one have been synthesized from the key intermediate 4-[4-(4-aminophenylamino)-6-dimethylamino-[1,3,5]triazin-2-yloxy]-1-methyl-1h-quinolin-2-one (7). condensation reaction of compound 7 with different aldehyde derivatives were performed to obtain schiff base derivatives, which after cyclization gav ...201122182927
[the susceptibility of proteus mirabilis strains isolated from white stork (ciconia ciconia)].proteus sp. rods are ubiquitous bacteria, widespread in the environment and classified also as opportunistic human pathogens. the aim of our study was to evaluate susceptibility of proteus mirabilis strains isolated from white stork (ciconia ciconia) regarding as his natural bacterial flora, compare and discuss their results with data obtained from scientific literature for clinical strains of the same species. susceptibility of 59 p. mirabilis strains was estimated for 27 antimicrobials using d ...201122184908
synthesis and studies of novel 2-(4-cyano-3-trifluoromethylphenyl amino)-4-(quinoline-4-yloxy)-6-(piperazinyl/piperidinyl)-s-triazines as potential antimicrobial, antimycobacterial and anticancer agents.a series of novel s-triazine analogs were synthesized and characterized by ir, (1)h nmr, (13)c nmr, (19)f nmr spectroscopy and elemental analysis. preliminary screening of target compounds against eight bacteria (staphylococcus aureus, bacillus cereus, escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella pneumoniae, salmonella typhi, proteus vulgaris, shigella flexneria), four fungi (aspergillus niger, aspergillus fumigatus, aspergillus clavatus, candida albicans) and mycobacterium tuberculosis ...201121794959
synthesis, characterization, theoretical crystal structure, and antibacterial activities of some transition metal complexes of the thiosemicarbazone (z)-2-(pyrrolidin-2-ylidene)hydrazinecarbothioamide.problem statement. in iraq like most third world countries, attempts discovered new antibiotic drugs derived from thiosemicarbazide and its metal complexes and developed the branch of applied in organic chemistry. approach. new (z)-2-(pyrrolidin-2-ylidene)hydrazinecarbothioamide (l) was synthesized in a good yield by the reaction of pyrrolidone with thiosemicarbazide. co(ii), ni(ii), and cu(ii) complexes of (l) were prepared and characterized by ft-ir, uv/visible spectra, (1)hnmr, and chn analys ...201121804771
synthesis of novel fluconazoliums and their evaluation for antibacterial and antifungal activities.a series of novel fluconazoliums were synthesized and their bioactive evaluation as potential antibacterial and antifungal agents were described. some target compounds displayed good and broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities with low mic values ranging from 0.25 to 64 µg/ml against all the tested strains, including three gram-positive bacteria (staphylococcus aureus, mrsa and bacillus subtilis), three gram-negative bacteria (escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa and bacillus proteus) as wel ...201121794961
antimicrobial resistance patterns of uropathogens among children in istanbul, turkey.urinary tract infections are a common cause of end-stage renal disease in turkey. this prospective study investigated the antibiotic resistance patterns of uropathogens in order to recommend appropriate therapeutic protocols for children with urinary tract infections in istanbul, turkey. between october 2007 and october 2008, children presenting with a first episode of urinary tract infection to a pediatric outpatient clinic were enrolled in the study. urine samples were cultured, and antimicrob ...201121710858
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