Publications

production of a tem-24 plasmid-mediated extended-spectrum beta-lactamase by a clinical isolate of pseudomonas aeruginosa.	several pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, including one urinary isolate producing an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase tem-24, were isolated from a long-term-hospitalized woman. three tem-24-producing enterobacterial species (enterobacter aerogenes, escherichia coli, and proteus mirabilis) were isolated from the same patient. tem-24 and the resistance markers for aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol, and sulfonamide were encoded by a 180-kb plasmid transferred by conjugation into e. coli hb101.	2000	10602754
convenient test for screening metallo-beta-lactamase-producing gram-negative bacteria by using thiol compounds.	a simple disk diffusion test was constructed for detection of imp-1-type metallo-beta-lactamase-producing gram-negative bacteria. two kirby-bauer disks containing ceftazidime (caz) and a filter disk containing a metallo-beta-lactamase inhibitor were used in this test. several imp-1 inhibitors such as thiol compounds including 2-mercaptopropionic acid, heavy metal salts, and edta were evaluated for this test. two caz disks were placed on a mueller-hinton agar plate on which a bacterial suspension ...	2000	10618060
synthesis of cefminox by cell-free extracts of streptomyces clavuligerus.	in vitro synthesis of cefminox by cell-free extracts of streptomyces clavuligerus was investigated using alpha-ketoglutarate, l-ascorbic acid, feso(4), s-adenosyl-l-methionine, and 7alpha-demethoxycefminox as the substrates. the formation of cefminox was detected both by a biological assay with proteus vulgaris gn 76/c-1 and by high performance liquid chromatography. although the conversion rate of 7alpha-demethoxycefminox to cefminox was observed to be quite low, it still demonstrated the poten ...	2000	10620685
immediate and long-term galvanotactic responses of amoeba proteus to dc electric fields.	the long-term and immediate galvanotactic responses of amoeba proteus to the direct current electric fields (dcefs) were studied with the methods of computer-aided image analysis. it was found that in contrast to earlier reports, amoebae continued locomotion towards cathode (the negative pole) for hours and the increase in the field strength in the range 300-600 mv/mm caused the straightening of cell trajectories accompanied by the decreased frequency of the lateral pseudopods formation and less ...	2000	10618163
insertional transposon mutagenesis by electroporation of released tn5 transposition complexes.	dna transposition is an important biological phenomenon that mediates genome rearrangements, inheritance of antibiotic resistance determinants, and integration of retroviral dna. transposition has also become a powerful tool in genetic analysis, with applications in creating insertional knockout mutations, generating gene-operon fusions to reporter functions, providing physical or genetic landmarks for the cloning of adjacent dnas, and locating primer binding sites for dna sequence analysis. dna ...	2000	10625401
the structure of the carbohydrate backbone of core-lipid a region ofthe lipopolysaccharides from proteus mirabilis wild-type strain s1959 (serotype o3) and its ra mutant r110/1959.	the following structure of core-lipid a region of the lipopolysaccharide (lps) from proteus mirabilis strain 1959 (serotype o3) and its rough mutant r110/1959 (proteus type ii core) was determined using nmr and chemical analysis of the core oligosaccharide, obtained by mild acid hydrolysis of lps, and of the products of alkaline deacylation of the lps: incomplete substitutions are indicated by italics. all sugars are in pyranose form, alpha-hep is the residue lglycero-alpha-dmanno-hep, alpha-dd- ...	2000	10601875
role and mechanism of action of c. pvuii, a regulatory protein conserved among restriction-modification systems.	the pvuii restriction-modification system is a type ii system, which means that its restriction endonuclease and modification methyltransferase are independently active proteins. the pvuii system is carried on a plasmid, and its movement into a new host cell is expected to be followed initially by expression of the methyltransferase gene alone so that the new host's dna is protected before endonuclease activity appears. previous studies have identified a regulatory gene (pvuiic) between the dive ...	2000	10629196
introduction of a mini-gene encoding a five-amino acid peptide confers erythromycin resistance on bacillus subtilis and provides temporary erythromycin protection in proteus mirabilis.	a 15-bp mini-gene was introduced into bacillus subtilis and into stable protoplast-like l-forms of proteus mirabilis. this mini-gene encoded the peptide mvlfv and modeled a fragment of escherichia coli 23s rrna responsible for e. coli erythromycin (ery) resistance. expression of the introduced mini-gene conferred permanent ery resistance on b. subtilis. in l-forms of p. mirabilis, the ery-protective effect was maintained in the course of several generations. herewith, the mechanism of ery resist ...	2000	10620668
how do intestinal t cells sense the dietary and microbial environment?		2000	10648476
fragmentation of 23s rrna in strains of proteus and providencia results from intervening sequences in the rrn (rrna) genes.	intervening sequences (ivss) were originally identified in the rrl genes for 23s rrna (rrl genes, for large ribosomal subunit, part of rrn operon encoding rrna) of salmonella enterica serovars typhimurium lt2 and arizonae. these sequences are transcribed but later removed during rnase iii processing of the rrna, resulting in fragmentation of the 23s species; ivss are uncommon, but have been reported in at least 10 bacterial genera. through pcr amplification of ivs-containing regions of the rrl g ...	2000	10648538
structure of a glycerol teichoic acid-like o-specific polysaccharide of proteus vulgaris o12.	a phosphorylated o-specific polysaccharide (o-antigen) was obtained by mild acid degradation of proteus vulgaris o12 lipopolysaccharide and studied by sugar and methylation analyses, 1h-, 13c- and 31p-nmr spectroscopy, including two-dimensional cosy, tocsy, noesy, h-detected 1h, 13c and 1h, 31p heteronuclear multiple-quantum coherence experiments. it was found that the polysaccharide consists of pentasaccharide repeating units connected via a glycerol phosphate group, and has the following struc ...	2000	10651815
structure of a 2-aminoethyl phosphate-containing o-specific polysaccharide of proteus penneri 8 from a new serogroup o67.	an acidic o-specific polysaccharide was obtained by mild acid degradation of the proteus penneri 8 lipopolysaccharide and found to contain d-glucose, d-galacturonic acid, 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucose, 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-galactose, 2-acetamido-2,6-dideoxy-l-galactose (l-fucnac) and 2-aminoethyl phosphate (petn) in the ratios 2 : 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 : 1. 1h and 13c nmr spectroscopy was applied to the intact and dephosphorylated polysaccharides, and the following structure of the hexasaccharide repea ...	2000	10651819
problems related to determination of mics of oximino-type expanded-spectrum cephems for proteus vulgaris.	during in vitro susceptibility testing of clinical isolates of proteus vulgaris, we noted that the mics of several expanded-spectrum cephems were much higher in the broth microdilution method than in the agar dilution method (termed the mic gap phenomenon). here we investigated the mechanism of the mic gap phenomenon. cephems with the mic gap phenomenon were of the oximino type, such as cefotaxime, cefteram, and cefpodoxime, which serve as good substrates for inducible class a beta-lactamase (cu ...	2000	10655366
antibacterial activity of some folklore medicinal plants used by tribals in western ghats of india.	a series of 30 indian folklore medicinal plants used by tribal healers to treat infections, were screened for antibacterial properties at 10 mg/ml concentration by using disc diffusion method against bacillus subtilis, escherichia coli, klebsiella aerogenes, proteus vulgaris, pseudomonas aerogenes and staphylococcus aureus. twenty plant species showed activity against one or more species of bacteria used in this assay; among them the leaf extracts of cassia occidentalis and cassia auriculata exh ...	2000	10661885
biological activities of lipopolysaccharides of proteus spp. and their interactions with polymyxin b and an 18-kda cationic antimicrobial protein (cap18)-derived peptide.	the saccharide constituents of lipopolysaccharides (lps) of proteus spp. vary with the strain and contain unique components about which little is known. the biological activities of lps and lipid a from s- and r-forms of 10 proteus strains were examined. lps from all s-form proteus strains was lethal to d-(+)-galactosamine (galn)-loaded, lps-responsive, c3h/hen mice, but not to lps-hypo-responsive c3h/hej mice. p. vulgaris 025 lps evoked strong anaphylactoid reactions in n-acetylmuramyl-l-alanyl ...	2000	10670563
microbiologic survey of long-term care facilities.	we undertook a microbiologic survey of long-term care facilities to categorize bacteria found in cultures of residents. culture and sensitivity data were collected on 566 samples from indwelling bladder catheters, percutaneous gastrostomy tubes, nares, stool, wounds, pressure ulcers, and tracheostomies in 25 nebraska and iowa facilities. information was also collected on resident factors (eg, presence of indwelling urinary catheter, prior antibiotic administration) and institutional variables (e ...	2000	10679131
biochemical sequence analyses of ges-1, a novel class a extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, and the class 1 integron in52 from klebsiella pneumoniae.	klebsiella pneumoniae ori-1 was isolated in 1998 in france from a rectal swab of a 1-month-old girl who was previously hospitalized in cayenne hospital, cayenne, french guiana. this strain harbored a ca. 140-kb nontransferable plasmid, ptk1, that conferred an extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance profile antagonized by the addition of clavulanic acid, tazobactam, or imipenem. the gene for ges-1 (guiana extended-spectrum beta-lactamase) was cloned, and its protein was expressed in escherichi ...	2000	10681329
occurrence and antibiotic sensitivity of enterobacteriaceae isolated from a group of jordanian patients with community acquired urinary tract infections.	the type and antibiotic sensitivity of urinary tract pathogens may differ in various communities. of 207 isolates recovered from midstream urine specimens collected from a group of patients with community acquired urinary tract infections (uti), 86% were species of enterobacteriaceae. the most frequently recovered pathogens were escherichia coli (82%), klebsiella spp. (7.3%), proteus spp. (6.2%), enterobacter spp. (3.4%) and citrobacter spp. (1.1%). high rates of resistance were found against am ...	2000	10697742
mixed infection in adult bacterial meningitis.	12 adult patients suffering from bacterial meningitis caused by mixed infection were identified at kaohsiung chang gung memorial hospital over a period of 13 years (1986-1998), and they accounted for 6.5% (12/184) of our culture-proven adult bacterial meningitis. the 12 cases included seven males and five females, aged 17-74 years. six of the 12 cases had community-acquired infections and the other six had nosocomially-acquired infections. ten of the 12 cases had associated underlying diseases, ...	2000	10697784
trends in the susceptibilities of proteus mirabilis isolates to quinolones.		2000	10702570
trends of antimicrobial resistance in bacterial isolates from a small animal referral hospital.	a longitudinal, retrospective investigation was made of antimicrobial resistance in bacterial isolates obtained from clinical cases in a small animal hospital between 1989 and 1997. isolates of escherichia coli and staphylococcus species were used as gram-negative and gram-positive indicator organisms, respectively, and the annual prevalence of antimicrobial resistance was calculated for each organism to each of nine (for e coli) and 11 (for staphylococcus species) appropriate antimicrobials, in ...	2000	10706308
[the resistance of recent clinical isolates against isepamycin, other aminoglycosides and injectable beta-lactams].	clinical isolates collected from clinical facilities across japan in 1998 were tested against five aminoglycosides and three beta-lactams. the resistance of 50 strains each of methicillin sensitive staphylococcus aureus, methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa), staphylococcus epidermidis, escherichia coli, citrobacter freundii, klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter sp., serratia sp., pseudomonas aeruginosa and proteus sp. (p. mirabilis 25 strains and p. vulgaris 25 strains) to the amino ...	2000	10709145
ctx-m-type beta-lactamases: an emerging group of extended-spectrum enzymes.	ctx-m-type beta-lactamases constitute a novel group of class a beta-lactamases with extended-spectrum properties. they are encoded by transferable plasmids and found in various enterobacteria, mostly salmonella typhimurium, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae and proteus mirabilis. ctx-m enzymes share extensive sequence similarity with the chromosomal beta-lactamases of klebsiella oxytoca. they efficiently hydrolyze many newer broad-spectrum oximino-beta-lactams including cefotaxime, ceftria ...	2000	10720804
ciprofloxacin in the treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis: a prospective, non-comparative multicentre clinical trial with long-term follow-up. the german prostatitis study group.	the efficacy and safety of ciprofloxacin 500 mg bd for 28 days were assessed in 65 adult males with symptomatic bacterial prostatitis, from eight centres in germany. urine and prostatic secretions were obtained for culture. clinical signs and symptoms were evaluated at 12-18 days during treatment, end of treatment (4-9 days post-treatment), and 1, 3, 6 and 9 months post-treatment. safety was monitored during and at the end of treatment. e. coli was the most frequent pathogen causing infection (3 ...	2000	10720805
aortic ring abscess and aortoatrial fistula complicating fulminant prosthetic valve endocarditis due to proteus mirabilis.		2000	10625192
minimum inhibitory concentration determinations for various antimicrobial agents against 1570 bacterial isolates from turkey poults.	minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) were determined for 1570 bacteria from eight geographic locations (1204 escherichia coli, 231 other enteric gram-negative bacilli [including citrobacter spp., enterobacter spp., klebsiella spp., proteus spp., and salmonella spp.], 31 pseudomonas spp., 18 coagulase-positive staphylococci, 26 coagulase-negative staphylococci, and 55 streptococci and enterococci) by the national committee for clinical laboratory standards broth microdilution procedure. antim ...	2000	10737648
three-year surveillance study of nosocomial bacterial resistance in argentina. the antimicrobial committee; and the national surveillance program (sir) participants group.	a national surveillance program (sir) was introduced in 1996 in argentina by the antimicrobial committee of the argentinean society for microbiology to assess bacterial resistance. the present study reports the rates of nosocomial bacterial resistance found by this program.	2000	10737844
in vitro antibacterial spectrum of a new broad-spectrum 8-methoxy fluoroquinolone, gatifloxacin.	the in vitro antibacterial spectrum of gatifloxacin was compared with those of ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin. gatifloxacin was two- to four-fold more potent than comparator quinolones against staphylococci, streptococci, pneumococci and enterococci (gatifloxacin mic90s, < or =1 mg/l, except 4 mg/l against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and enterococcus faecium). gatifloxacin was two-fold less potent than ciprofloxacin, and the same as or two-fold more potent than ofloxacin against ent ...	2000	10747819
clinical relevance of proteus mirabilis in hospital patients: a two year survey.	a retrospective study was performed on 1072 non-duplicate isolates of proteus mirabilis, taken in the period april 1996 to march 1998, and on 100 patient charts randomly selected during the same period. p. mirabilis isolates accounted for 7.7% of enterobacteriaceae. the isolates were predominantly from urine (70.2%); of the total, 38.0% were penicillinase-producing isolates, 6.9% were extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing isolates and 3.6% produced inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamase ...	2000	10747835
treatment of gram-negative bacterial meningitis in term neonates with third generation cephalosporins plus amikacin.	the aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy in terms of mortality and long-term morbidity of third generation cephalosporins and amikacin in combination for the treatment of gram-negative bacterial meningitis in a homogeneous group of neonates. a 15-year experience (1983-1997) with 72 term neonates without central nervous system anomalies and with gram-negative organisms grown in their cerebrospinal fluid treated with the above combination of antibiotics is presente ...	2000	10729716
dynamic aspects of the structured cell population in a swarming colony of proteus mirabilis.	proteus mirabilis forms a concentric-ring colony by undergoing periodic swarming. a colony in the process of such synchronized expansion was examined for its internal population structure. in alternating phases, i.e., swarming (active migration) and consolidation (growth without colony perimeter expansion), phase-specific distribution of cells differing in length, in situ mobility, and migration ability on an agar medium were recognized. in the consolidation phase, the distribution of mobile cel ...	2000	10629184
structure of a 2-aminoethyl phosphate-containing o-specific polysaccharide of proteus penneri 63 from a new serogroup o68.	lipopolysaccharide of proteus penneri strain 63 was degraded by mild acid to give a high molecular mass o-specific polysaccharide that was isolated by gel-permeation chromatography. sugar and methylation analyses and nmr spectroscopic studies, including two-dimensional 1h, 1h cosy, tocsy rotating-frame noe spectroscopy, h-detected 1h,13c and 1h,31p heteronuclear multiple-quantum coherence (hmqc), and 1h, 13c hmqc-tocsy experiments, demonstrated the following structure of the polysaccharide: wher ...	2000	10632731
[production of the therapeutic and prophylactic preparation enterobifidin on the basis of bifidobacterium adolescentis mc-42].	production of enterobifidin comprises preparation of culture media, reparation of lyophilized bifidobacterium adolescentis ms-42 culture, preparation of starters, cultivation of bacteria in fermenters, biomass conservation, and its biological control. the preparation contains physiologically active bifidobacterium cells with high activities of growth (mu = 0.7 h-1, g = 1.0 h) and acid formation (titratable acidity is approximately 120-140 degrees t; acetate concentration, 0.50-0.75%; and lactate ...	2000	10752094
hla molecules, bacteria and autoimmunity.	it has been well established that many diseases are linked to hla antigens. two of the most interesting hla associations may provide some insight into the pathogenesis of rheumatic inflammatory conditions. in ankylosing spondylitis (as), 96% of patients possess hla-b27, whilst the frequency of this marker in the general population is c. 8%. in rheumatoid arthritis (ra), >90% of patients possess either hla-dr1 or some subtypes of hla-dr4, whilst the frequency of this marker in the general populat ...	2000	10755623
proteus syndrome: mri characteristics of plantar cerebriform hyperplasia.	proteus syndrome is a rare congenital hamartomatous syndrome with a variety of abnormalities. it shares many features with other congenital hamartomatous disorders, but cerebriform hyperplasia of the soles and the palms is known as a quite distinctive characteristic in the dermatologic literature. the purpose of this case report is to demonstrate the mri features of plantar cerebriform hyperplasia in a 9-year-old boy with known proteus syndrome.	2000	10741500
bacterial contamination of bath-water from spinal cord lesioned patients with pressure ulcers exercising in the water.	to evaluate the bacterial contamination of the water from the microflora of pressure ulcers in para- and tetraplegic patients, when they were exercising in water at 36 degrees c for half an hour.	2000	10762183
antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial strains isolated from patients with community-acquired urinary tract infections in france. multicentre study group.	the aim of this study was to determine the distribution and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of bacterial strains isolated from adults with community-acquired urinary tract infections (uti) in france. from december 1996 to march 1997, each of 15 private laboratories in france consecutively collected about 80 non-duplicate strains isolated from adult outpatients with uti, including patients receiving care at home, and tested their susceptibility by the disk diffusion test. a total of 1160 strai ...	2000	10746497
aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of wound infection following spinal fusion in children.	to study the aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of wound infections following spinal fusion in children.	2000	10765134
intracranial complications of acute mastoiditis.	oral antibiotic use may have changed the incidence and microbiology of otitic intracranial complications. we reviewed cases of acute mastoiditis to document: (1) incidence of intracranial complications; (2) risk factors; and (3) identify pathologic organisms.	2000	10767461
antimicrobial resistance among urinary tract infection (uti) isolates in europe: results from the sentry antimicrobial surveillance program 1997.	the sentry antimicrobial surveillance program was established to monitor the occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial pathogens via an international network of sentinel hospitals. twenty european hospitals referred a total of 887 urinary tract infection (uti) isolates to the european sentry reference laboratory during the period october-december 1997. ninety percent of the referred species were represented by escherichia coli (52%), enterococcus spp. (12%), klebsiella spp. (7%), ...	2000	10768473
rapid turnover of flhd and flhc, the flagellar regulon transcriptional activator proteins, during proteus swarming.	the enterobacterial flhdc master operon activates expression of the flagellar biogenesis gene hierarchy and also represses cell division. during proteus mirabilis differentiation into elongated hyperflagellated swarm cells, flhdc transcription is strongly but transiently increased. we show that concentration of the flhd and flhc proteins is also tightly controlled at the posttranslational level. this is achieved by protein degradation, which is most severe after differentiation when the half-lif ...	2000	10633123
structure of the o-specific polysaccharide of proteus penneri 71 and classification of cross-reactive p. penneri strains to a new proposed serogroup o64.	a neutral o-specific polysaccharide (o-antigen) was isolated from the lipopolysaccharide (lps) of the bacterium proteus penneri 71. on the basis of sugar analysis and 1h- and 13c-nmr spectroscopic studies, including two-dimensional cosy, 13c,1h heteronuclear cosy and roesy, the following structure of the trisaccharide repeating unit of the polysaccharide was established: -->3)-beta-d-glcpnac-(1-->4)-beta-d-glcpnac-(1-->3)-alpha-d-galp-(1-- > the polysaccharide has the same carbohydrate backbone ...	2000	10651818
[detection of extended spectrum beta-lactamases producing enterobacteriaceae in feces].	a study was made of 366 feces for detection of extended spectrum beta-lactamases producing enterobacteriaceae from feces. the selective agar was used for modified drigalski agar (eiken chemical co., ltd) with 2 micrograms/ml cefotaxime (esbl screen agar). 92 strains of enterobacteriaceae, 41 escherichia coli, 15 citrobacter freundii, 13 enterobacter cloacae, 11 klebsiella pneumoniae, and other 12, were isolated from esbl screen agar. and, r-plasmid that were selected by 2 micrograms/ml cefotaxim ...	2000	10783580
functional morphology of the inner ear and underwater audiograms of proteus anguinus (amphibia, urodela).	octavolateral sensory organs (auditory and lateral line organs) of cave salamander proteus anguinus are highly differentiated. in the saccular macula of the inner ear the complex pattern of hair cell orientation and the large otoconial mass enable particle displacement direction detection. additionally, the same organ, through air cavities within the body, enables detection of underwater sound pressure changes thus acting as a hearing organ. the cavities in the lungs and mouth of proteus are a r ...	2000	10653179
the ultrastructure of photoreceptor cells in the pineal organ of the blind cave salamander, proteus anguinus (amphibia, urodela).	we studied ultrastructure of the photoreceptor cells in the pineal organ of blind, depigmented, neotenic cave salamander, proteus anguinus. unlike in epigean vertebrates the outer segments of most photoreceptor cells consists of concentrically arranged lamellae, however; in few cells, the outer segments contain 7-9 plasma membrane disks. in both types of photoreceptor cells the outer segments enclose lumps of vesicles of different sizes. the photoreceptor cells of proteus anguinus are similar to ...	2000	10653183
antibiotic prophylaxis in children with relapsing urinary tract infections: review.	recurrent urinary tract infections (utis) are observed in 30-50% of children after the first uti. of these, approximately 90% occur within 3 months of the initial episode. the basic aim of antibiotic prophylaxis in children with malformative uropathy and/or recurrent utis, is to reduce the frequency of utis. the bacteria most frequently responsible for uti are gram-negative organisms, with escherichia coli accounting for 80% of urinary tract pathogens. in children with recurrent utis and in thos ...	2000	10789549
occurrence and detection of ampc beta-lactamases among escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, and proteus mirabilis isolates at a veterans medical center.	ampc beta-lactamases are cephalosporinases that confer resistance to a wide variety of beta-lactam drugs and that may thereby create serious therapeutic problems. although reported with increasing frequency, the true rate of occurrence of ampc beta-lactamases in escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, and proteus mirabilis remains unknown. we tested a total of 1,286 consecutive, nonrepeat isolates of these three species and found that, overall, 45 (3.5%) yielded a cefoxitin zone diameter less t ...	2000	10790101
biosynthetically diverse compounds from a saltwater culture of sponge-derived aspergillus niger.	the new compound, asperic acid (1), and the known compounds hexylitaconic acid (2), malformin c (3), pyrophen (4), and asperazine (5) were isolated from the saltwater culture of aspergillus niger derived from a caribbean sponge, hyrtios proteus. the structure elucidation of asperic acid is presented.	2000	10650076
treatment of sanitary-important bacteria by bacteriocin substance v24 in cattle dung water.	quantification of sanitary-important bacteria (e.g. enterobacteriaceae), as well as indicators of environmental contamination, was assessed in samples of cattle dung from 25 cattle farms in 15 north-eastern slovakia districts. the inhibitory effect of crude bacteriocin extract cbe v24 from enterococcus faecalis v24 against listeria monocytogenes ohio and yersinia enterocolitica ye85 was examined in cattle dung water with the aim of finding a new way of eliminating the health risk of the animal s ...	2000	10792671
microbial populations and volatile compounds in the 'bone taint' spoilage of dry cured ham.	'bone taint' is one of the most important causes of spoilage of dry cured ham. this alteration is characterized by a foul-smelling odour. the microbial population and volatile compounds associated with incipient 'bone taint' were evaluated. enterobacteriaceae species were found at levels of 7.94 x 10(5) cfu g(-1) in spoiled hams and were not detected in unspoiled hams. serratia sp. and proteus sp. are the main organisms characterized. the volatile compounds from the spoiled hams give rise to hig ...	2000	10728563
synthesis and antibacterial activity of some new non-proteinogenic amino acids containing thiazole residues.	some new thioamides and thiazoles have been synthesized using canavanine, s-cysteine, homo-s-cysteinesulfonamides and their n-omega aminoethylated derivatives as adducts in order to investigate the structure-antimicrobial activity relationships. the compounds showed substantial antibacterial activity in vitro against various gram-positive (staphylococcus aureus, bacillus cereus etc.) and gram-negative (escherichia coli, proteus vulgaris etc.) bacteria. these findings indicate that the presence o ...	2000	10817409
in vitro activity of gemifloxacin against a broad range of recent clinical isolates from the usa.	the antibacterial potencies of gemifloxacin (sb-265805) and 13 comparator compounds were determined by broth microdilution against a panel of 645 gram-positive and 995 gram-negative organisms collected from various usa sites. time-kill studies were performed and postantibiotic effect (pae) was determined for several organisms using trovafloxacin and ciprofloxacin as comparator compounds. based on mic(90)s, gemifloxacin was the most potent compound tested against gram-positive isolates: streptoco ...	2000	10824027
structure of the o-specific polysaccharide of the bacterium proteus mirabilis o29.	an o-specific polysaccharide was obtained by mild acid degradation of p. mirabilis o29 lipopolysaccharide (lps) and found to contain 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-galactose and d-glucuronic acid (d-glca) in the ratio 3:1. studies of the polysaccharide by 1h- and 13c-nmr spectroscopy including two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (cosy), total correlation spectroscopy (tocsy), nuclear overhauser effect spectroscopy (noesy), and h-detected 1h,13c-heteronuclear multiple-quantum coherence (hmqc) experim ...	2000	10713543
nucleotide sequence of the bla(rtg-2) (carb-5) gene and phylogeny of a new group of carbenicillinases.	we determined the nucleotide sequence of the bla gene for the acinetobacter calcoaceticus beta-lactamase previously described as carb-5. alignment of the deduced amino acid sequence with those of known beta-lactamases revealed that carb-5 possesses an rtg triad in box vii, as described for the proteus mirabilis gn79 enzyme, instead of the rsg consensus characteristic of the other carbenicillinases. phylogenetic studies showed that these rtg enzymes constitute a new, separate group, possibly ance ...	2000	10722515
in vitro activity of difloxacin against canine bacterial isolates.	the in vitro activity of difloxacin against canine bacterial isolates from clinical cases was studied in the united states and the netherlands. minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic), the postantibiotic effect, the effect of ph on antimicrobial activity, and the bacterial killing rate tests were determined according to standard techniques. the mics of american and dutch isolates agreed in general. the mics of the american gram-negative isolates ranged from 0.06 to 2.0 microg/ml, and the mics of ...	2000	10826834
use of pcr with universal primers and restriction endonuclease digestions for detection and identification of common bacterial pathogens in cerebrospinal fluid.	we have designed a universal pcr capable of amplifying a portion of the 16s rrna gene of eubacteria, including staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus agalactiae, streptococcus pneumoniae, enterococcus faecium, enterococcus faecalis, mycobacterium tuberculosis, legionella pneumophila, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, serratia marcescens, enterobacter cloacae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, acinetobacter baumannii, proteus mirabilis, haemophilus i ...	2000	10834956
antimicrobial resistance in enterobacteriaceae in brooklyn, ny: epidemiology and relation to antibiotic usage patterns.	in november 1997, all enterobacteriaceae isolated at 15 hospitals in brooklyn were collected. extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbls) were present in 44% of 409 klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. six isolates had reduced susceptibility to carbapenems, including two that were not susceptible to any of the antibiotics tested. pulsed field gel electrophoresis revealed a commonality of resistant isolates within and between hospitals. the occurrence of esblcontaining isolates was associated with cepha ...	2000	10837447
epidemiology of infectious keratoconjunctivitis in cattle in south-east ethiopia.	the aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of infectious keratoconjunctivitis on cross-breed dairy farms and to evaluate factors that influence its distribution. a total of 11 dairy farms and one cattle cross-breeding farm in different parts of arsi region, south-east ethiopia were clinically and bacteriologically investigated from february 1989 to december 1990. out of 5221 local zebu and cross-breed dairy animals, 110 were found to have different degrees of infectious bovine keratoco ...	2000	10842466
[accuracy of antibiograms performed directly from urine incubation bottles of the sebac system for diagnosing bacteriuria].		2000	10846244
[enterobacterial sensitivity to beta-lactam antibiotics].	the susceptibility to betalactams of 868 enteric bacteria isolated from the patients at the hospital was studied. the isolated pathogens included: e. coli (549), klebsiella sp. (195), serratia sp. (124). ampicillin and cefazoline demonstrated the lowest activity. cefotaxime, ceftazidime and imipenem were active against 90 per cent of isolates. among e. coli isolates the susceptibility to the above mentioned drugs was the following: 95.1, 96.9, 99.3 per cent, among klebsiella sp.--89.7, 88.7, 97. ...	2000	10851647
comparable endotoxic properties of lipopolysaccharides are manifest in diverse clinical isolates of gram-negative bacteria.	in general there is a poor correlation between serum lipopolysaccharide (lps; the biologically active constituent of endotoxin) levels and mortality in septic patients. the objective of this study was to determine if chemical, structural, or biological differences among lps from different clinical isolates of gram-negative bacteria might explain this discrepancy. lps preparations were made using the hot phenol-water extraction method from eight clinical isolates of gram-negative bacteria. as a p ...	2000	10722580
prevalence of beta-lactamases among 1,072 clinical strains of proteus mirabilis: a 2-year survey in a french hospital.	beta-lactam resistance was studied in 1,072 consecutive p. mirabilis clinical strains isolated at the clermont-ferrand teaching hospital between april 1996 and march 1998. the frequency of amoxicillin resistance was 48.5%. among the 520 amoxicillin-resistant isolates, three resistance phenotypes were detected: penicillinase (407 strains [78.3%]), extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (74 strains [14. 2%]), and inhibitor resistance (39 strains [7.5%]). the penicillinase phenotype isolates were divided ...	2000	10858357
a novel ctx-m beta-lactamase (ctx-m-8) in cefotaxime-resistant enterobacteriaceae isolated in brazil.	to estimate the diversity of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in brazil, 18 strains from different species of the family enterobacteriaceae exhibiting a positive double-disk synergy test were collected by a clinical laboratory from several hospitals in rio de janeiro, brazil, in 1996 and 1997. four strains (proteus mirabilis, enterobacter cloacae, enterobacter aerogenes, and citrobacter amalonaticus) hybridized with a 550-bp ctx-m probe. the p. mirabilis strain produced a ctx-m-2 enzyme. the e. ...	2000	10858358
in vitro activity of rifaximin, metronidazole and vancomycin against clostridium difficile and the rate of selection of spontaneously resistant mutants against representative anaerobic and aerobic bacteria, including ammonia-producing species.	rifaximin is a rifamycin derivative characterized by a wide antibacterial activity. this drug is neither absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract nor inactivated by gastric juices, and exerts its action entirely within the intestinal lumen.	2000	10859431
respiratory pathogen colonization of the dental plaque of institutionalized elders.	although it has been established that aspiration of pharyngeal bacteria is the major route of infection in the development of nosocomial pneumonia, colonization of the pharyngeal mucosa by respiratory pathogens has been shown to be a transient phenomenon. it has been suggested that the dental plaque may constitute an additional, possibly more stable, reservoir of respiratory pathogens. the purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of oral colonization by potential respiratory pathogens ...	1999	10860077
iron status of libyan infants with urinary tract infection.	serum iron, serum total iron binding capacity and tranferrin saturation levels were measured in 45 infants, of whom 19 had urinary tract infections confirmed by positive suprapubic aspiration. the control group comprised 26 healthy infants with negative results. mean serum iron and transferrin saturation values were significantly lower in infants with urinary tract infection compared with the control group (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001 respectively), especially if the cultured organism was escherichia ...	1999	10793812
assessment of the potential for microbial resistance to topical use of multiple antimicrobial agents.	the goal of this study was to reduce the likelihood of the generation and/or persistence of bacterial resistance to some antimicrobial components contained in a topical antimicrobial mixture (neomycin, polymyxin b, mupirocin and ciprofloxacin) for use with cultured skin grafts, by substitution of alternative antimicrobials, specifically fusidic acid for mupirocin and ofloxacin for ciprofloxacin. the alternative agents failed to serve that purpose. however, with the exception of specific genera o ...	1999	10781215
[five cases of purple urine bag syndrome in a geriatric ward].	we report five cases of purple urine bag syndrome (pubs). all the patients were women and they had been bed-ridden for a long period due to cerebrovascular diseases. they tended to be constipated as a result of habitual use of laxatives. indicanuria was proven in the all urinary samples from the patients. the four assessable urinary cultures showed proteus mirabilis contamination. total days without evacuation per month in patients with pubs and control subjects (5 catheterized subjects without ...	1999	10655742
epidemiology and antibiotic resistance of gram-negative urinary pathogens in pediatric patients.	in order to determine the etiological agents and the rate of resistance to various antibiotics, 209 consecutive gram-negative bacteria isolated from children admitted to hacettepe university children's hospital with urinary tract infections were investigated over a three-month period. of these, 46 (22%) were nosocomial isolates. the most frequently isolated organism was e.coli (n: 141) followed by klebsiella spp. (39), proteus spp. (19), pseudomonas spp. (8) and enterobacter spp. (2). in vitro s ...	1999	10770674
overgrowth syndromes: an update.		1999	10645472
[microbiological study of gallbladder bile in a high risk zone for gallbladder cancer].	gallbladder cancer is frequent in chile and there is sparse information about the association between this type of cancer and the presence of bacteria in the gallbladder bile.	1999	10752267
use of polymerase chain reaction to detect proteus mirabilis and ureaplasma urealyticum in urinary calculi.	in this study, we evaluated the efficacy of the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in detecting urea-splitting microorganisms in desiccated urinary tract infection stones. seventy-eight urinary tract stones were tested for the presence of proteus mirabilis and ureaplasma urealyticum by means of pcr with species-specific primers. twenty-seven stone samples were composed of struvite and/or carbonate apatite (infection stone); 40 were calcium oxalate and/or calcium phosphate; seven were mixed, with st ...	1999	10634025
in vitro susceptibility of gram-negative bacterial isolates to chlorhexidine gluconate.	to investigate the susceptibility of clinical isolates of gram-negative bacteria to chlorhexidine gluconate.	1999	10750501
disk diffusion susceptibility test development for the new glycylcycline, gar-936.	the in vitro activity of gar-936, a new semisynthetic glycylcycline, was evaluated in comparison with two tetracyclines and the disk diffusion susceptibility test was assessed. nearly 700 recent clinical isolates were tested by reference broth microdilution and disk diffusion (two disk contents) methods. among the enterobacteriaceae, gar-936 was generally two- to 16-fold more active than other tetracyclines. all enteric bacilli mic90 results were < or = 4 micrograms/ml; the exception being prote ...	1999	10626138
urinary tract infection in diabetic patients.	the aim of the study was to compare the epidemiological, microbiological and clinical features of diabetic patients with urinary tract infection (uti) to those of nondiabetic ones.	1999	10743697
[surgical policy in false aneurysm of proximal anastomosis secondary to reconstruction of aortofemoral segment].	the results of surgical treatment of 10 patients with a false aneurysm of the proximal anastomosis are analyzed. an average time for development of a false aneurysm made up 57.2 months. fluorlon-lavsan vascular woven prosthesis of russian produce was used in primary reconstruction. bacteriological examination of operation material was carried out in 9 patients. 8 cases revealed the growth: of staph. aureus (4) epidermal staphylococcus flora (3) and proteus vulg. (1). the authors suggest that sur ...	1999	10626379
serum immunoglobulin response and protection from homologous challenge by proteus mirabilis in a mouse model of ascending urinary tract infection.	we tested the hypothesis that experimental proteus mirabilis urinary tract infection in mice would protect against homologous bladder rechallenge. despite production of serum immunoglobulin g (igg) and igm (median titers of 1:320 and 1:80, respectively), vaccinated (infected and antibiotic-cured) mice did not show a decrease in mortality upon rechallenge; the survivors experienced only modest protection from infection (mean log(10) number of cfu of p. mirabilis nal(r) hi4320 per milliliter or gr ...	1999	10569791
effect of local application of the antimicrobial peptide ib-367 on the incidence and severity of oral mucositis in hamsters.	the purpose of this animal study was to determine whether ib-367, an antimicrobial peptide, is able to ameliorate oral mucositis by reducing microflora densities on the mucosal surfaces of the mouth.	1999	10348510
effect of thermal injury with pseudomonas aeruginosa infection on pulmonary and systemic bacterial clearance.	despite improvements in burn wound care, infections, particularly pneumonia, remain a major hurdle to recovery from thermal injury. after burns, a variety of systemic immune and inflammatory changes contribute to the risk of infection. clinically, infection coupled with burn injury seems to adversely affect susceptibility to subsequent infection.	1999	10568721
production of african breadfruit (treculia africana) and soybean (glycine max) seed based food formulations, 2: effects of germination and fermentation on microbiological and physical properties.	the effects of germination (g) and naturally fermented (f) on the bacterial flora, viscosities and moisture sorption isotherms of soybean (s) and african breadfruit (b) seed based food products were investigated. bacillus, enterobacter, enterobacteriaceae, proteus, serratia and staphylococcus species dominated in the nonfermented products. lactobacillus, leuconostoc, pediococcus and yeast species dominated in the fermented products whose gruels also inhibited growth of coagulase positive staphyl ...	1999	10716402
synthesis and antibacterial activity of 1-(3-hydroxy-2-naphthoyl)-4-substituted thiosemicarbazides.	1-(3-hydroxy-2-naphthoyl)-4-substituted thiosemicarbazides were obtained by the addition of 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid hydrazide to various isothiocyanates. the structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed using uv and 1h-nmr spectral methods together with elemental analysis.	1999	10707124
[typing of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing salmonella typhimurium strains isolated in a pediatric unit].	extended-spectrum b-lactamases (esbls) derive mainly from tem and shv b-lactamases. these enzymes confer resistance to all oxyimino cephalosporins and monobactams except cephamycins and carbapems. esbls are often encoded by large plasmids that carry resistance determinants to multiple antibiotics and spread among the members of the enterobacteriaceae. since the first outbreak of klebsiella pneumoniae expressing an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase reported in 1984, nosocomial infections due to en ...	1999	10705312
preseptal cellulitis secondary to proteus species: a case report and review.	preseptal cellulitis is a serious ocular condition that--if left untreated--has the potential to cross the septal barrier, spread to the posterior orbit, and may result in fatal complications. because it is difficult to determine the pathogen responsible for any cellulitis without aspirating a culture sample, treatment is usually instituted by an assumption of the most common causative organisms, staphylococcus or streptococcus.	1999	10561925
proteus mirabilis viability after lithotripsy of struvite calculi.	we tested the hypotheses that proteus mirabilis viability of struvite calculi differs after exposure to different lithotripsy modalities and that the photothermal mechanism of holmium:yag lithotripsy is antibacterial.	1999	10524893
functional analysis of the evolutionarily conserved proline 53 residue in proteus mirabilis glutathione transferase b1-1.	the role of the evolutionarily conserved residue pro-53 in proteus mirabilis glutathione transferase b1-1 has been examined by replacing it with a serine residue using site-directed mutagenesis. the effect of the replacement on the activity, thermal stability and antibiotic binding capacity of the enzyme was examined. the results presented support the view that pro-53 participates in the maintenance of the proper conformation of the enzyme fold rather than playing a direct role in the catalytic ...	1999	10094487
plant beneficial effect of two strains of proteus vulgaris isolated from tea plantations.	two strains of proteus isolated from tea plantation soil were tested for their ability to colonise the roots of gram (cicer arietinum), bean (phaseolus radiatus) and mung (phaseolus mungo) using a gnotobiotic system. seeds bacterized with the two strains grew faster and showed significant increase in root and shoot enlargement of the plants tested. the bioactive fractions obtained from the culture filtrates and separated through hplc showed that the plant growth promoting fractions were not alwa ...	1999	10687288
neurofibromatosis type 1.	neurofibromatosis (nf) has perhaps been the most notorious of the neurocutaneous disorders. both quasimoto of victor hugo's the hunchback of notre dame and john merrick, known as the elephant man (who subsequently has been more properly classified as having proteus syndrome, a quite different disorder), are 2 infamous examples that have shaped many popular misconceptions about this disease. neurofibromatosis is now understood as a hamartomatous disorder on the basis of molecular genetic studies. ...	1999	10190829
a child with hemimegalencephaly, hemihypertrophy, macrocephaly, cutaneous vascular malformation, psychomotor retardation and intestinal lymphangiectasia--a diagnostic dilemma.	although the clinical delineation of the majority of overgrowth syndromes is straightforward, we believe there is a subset of patients with overlapping features from a number of overgrowth syndromes. we report a patient with hemimegalencephaly, hemihypertrophy, macrocephaly, vascular lesions, psychomotor retardation and intestinal lymphangiectasia. the clinical history and findings posed a diagnostic dilemma as the features overlapped between several conditions, namely macrocephaly-cutis marmora ...	1999	10532178
structure of an acidic o-specific polysaccharide of proteus mirabilis o5.	the following structure of the o-specific polysaccharide of proteus mirabilis o5 was established by 1h and 13c nmr spectroscopy at 500 mhz, including two-dimensional cosy, tocsy, noesy, and h-detected 1h, 13c heteronuclear multiple-quantum coherence (hmqc) experiments: [formula: see text] where o-acetylation of alpha-d-glcnac at both positions is nonstoichiometric.	1999	10520266
molecular mechanisms of interaction of rabbit cap18 with outer membranes of gram-negative bacteria.	the mechanism of interaction of the cationic antimicrobial protein (18 kda), cap18, with the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria was investigated applying transmission electron microscopy and voltage-clamp techniques on artificial planar bilayer membranes. electron micrographs of bacterial cells exposed to cap18 showed damage to the outer membrane of the sensitive escherichia coli strains f515 and atcc 11775, whereas the membrane of the resistant proteus mirabilis strain r45 remained intact ...	1999	10521271
antimicrobial chemotherapy in the control of surgical infectious complications.	in spite of the progress in surgical technique and antibiotic prophylaxis, postoperative infection still accounts for both the commonest surgical complication and one of the most frequent nosocomial infections, also causing an increase in duration and costs of hospital stay. the choice of treatment for post-surgical infections requires an understanding of the usual infecting flora, available antimicrobial agents, and susceptibility patterns. the most common organisms in simple wound infection ar ...	1999	10678785
cloning of l-amino acid deaminase gene from proteus vulgaris.	the l-amino acid degrading enzyme gene from proteus vulgaris was cloned and the nucleotide sequence of the enzyme gene was clarified. an open reading frame of 1,413 bp starting at an atg methionine codon was found, which encodes a protein of 471 amino acid residues, the calculated molecular weight of which is 51,518. the amino acid sequence of p. vulgaris was 58.6% identical with the l-amino acid deaminase of p. mirabilis. a significantly conserved sequence was found around the fad-binding seque ...	1999	10664862
in vitro evaluation of cefepime and other broad-spectrum beta-lactams for isolates in malaysia and singapore medical centers. the malaysia/singapore antimicrobial resistance study group.	the degree of activity of several beta-lactam antimicrobial agents was assessed in malaysia (four medical centers) and singapore (two medical centers) tested against 570 clinical isolates. the organisms were tested locally by the etest (ab biodisk, solna, sweden) method, validated by concurrent use of quality assurance strains (94.1% accurate performance overall). ten groups of bacteria were tested against cefepime, cefpirome, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, piperacillin/tazobactam, oxacillin, and imi ...	1999	10668586
bacterial resistance to disinfectants: present knowledge and future problems.	bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a long-established, widely-studied problem. increasingly, attention is being directed to the responses of various types of microbes to biocides (antiseptics, disinfectants and preservatives). different groups of bacteria vary in their susceptibility to biocides, with bacterial spores being the most resistant, followed by mycobacteria, then gram-negative organisms, with cocci generally being the most sensitive. there are wide divergencies within this general ...	1999	10658759
encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis: a new case report and review of the literature.	encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis is a rare neurocutaneous syndrome characterized by lipomatous hamartomas ranging in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters and affecting the head. ocular anomalies and a variable degree of mental retardation with or without convulsions are usually observed. this disorder should be distinguished from other mosaic neurocutaneous phenotypes such as proteus syndrome, oculocerebrocutaneous syndrome, and nevus sebaceous syndrome. we report the clinicopa ...	1999	10659502
the structure of the core part of proteus mirabilis o27 lipopolysaccharide with a new type of glycosidic linkage.	the structural assignment of the intact lipopolysaccharide core from proteus mirabilis o27 has been completed based on a combination of chemical degradation studies, nmr spectroscopy and es-ms spectroscopy. the overall core structure is as follows: [formula: see text] where all sugars are in the pyranose form except the n-acetylglycosamine residue, hep refers to l-glycero-alpha-d-manno-heptopyranose and alpha-ddhep to d-glycero-alpha-d-manno-heptopyranose. bold italics indicate non-stoichiometri ...	1999	10520257
structure and cross-reactivity of the o-antigen of proteus vulgaris o8.	a high-molecular-mass o-specific polysaccharide was obtained by mild acid degradation of proteus vulgaris o8 lipopolysaccharide followed by gel permeation chromatography. studies of the polysaccharide by sugar and methylation analyses and 1h and 13c nmr spectroscopy, including 2d cosy, tocsy, noesy, and h-detected 1h, 13c heteronuclear multiple-quantum coherence (hmqc) experiments, demonstrated the presence of a tetrasaccharide repeating unit having the following structure: [sequence: see text] ...	1999	10515057
abolition of swarming of proteus.		1999	10515741
structure of a new acidic o-antigen of proteus vulgaris o22 containing o-acetylated 3-acetamido-3,6-dideoxy-d-glucose.	the acidic o-specific polysaccharide of proteus vulgaris o22 was studied using 1h and 13c nmr spectroscopy, including 2d cosy, tocsy, noesy, and h-detected 1h, 13c heteronuclear multiple-quantum coherence (hmqc) experiments, and the following structure for the branched pentasaccharide repeating unit was established: [sequence: see text] where qui3nac is 3-acetamido-3,6-dideoxyglucose, o-acetylation of quinac at position 4 is stoichiometric and at position 2 nonstoichiometric. serological relatio ...	1999	10515053
association of rickettsia helvetica with chronic perimyocarditis in sudden cardiac death.	rickettsia helvetica is the only non-imported rickettsia found in scandinavia. it was first detected in ixodes ricinus ticks, but has never been linked to human disease. we studied two young swedish men who died of sudden cardiac failure during exercise, and who showed signs of perimyocarditis similar to those described in rickettsial disease.	1999	10513711