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gastrointestinal carriage is a major reservoir of k. pneumoniae infection in intensive care patients.klebsiella pneumoniae (kp) is an opportunistic pathogen and leading cause of hospital-associated infections. intensive care unit (icu) patients are particularly at risk. kp is part of the healthy human microbiome, providing a potential reservoir for infection. however, the frequency of gut colonization and its contribution to infections are not well characterized.201728369261
pyranocarbazoles from murraya koenigii (l.) spreng. as antimicrobial agents.the bioassay guided fractionation of methanolic extract of murraya koenigii (l.) spreng. leaves resulted in the isolation of seven pyranocarbazoles. these were evaluated against four bacterial strains and ten candida sp. including two matched pair of fluconazole sensitive/resistant clinical isolates. out of seven, three i.e. koenine (mk279), koenigine (mk309) and mahanine (mk347) exhibited significant antibacterial activity mic90 3.12-12.5 μg/ml against bacterial strains streptococcus aureus and ...201728368664
insights on klebsiella pneumoniae biofilms assembled on different surfaces using phenotypic and genotypic approaches.klebsiella pneumoniae is a prominent etiological agent of healthcare associated infections (hais). in this context, multidrug-resistant and biofilm-producing bacteria are of special public health concern due to the difficulties associated with treatment of human infections and eradication from hospital environments. here, in order to study the impact of medical devices-associated materials on the biofilm dynamics, we performed biofilm phenotypic analyses through a classic and a new scanning elec ...201728368366
antimicrobial consumption and antimicrobial resistance: a snapshot of an italian neuromuscular rehabilitation center.the paper presents a snapshot of the incidence of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms and antimicrobial consumption in an italian rehabilitation center over a two-year period (2014-2015). data on microorganism identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were obtained from the diagnostic laboratory of the hospital. a set of indicators was assessed, including the incidence density of resistant isolates per 1000 patient-days (idri). data on antimicrobial consumption, semi-annually, o ...201728368076
management of carbapenem-resistant k. pneumoniae in allogenic stem cell transplant recipients: the turin bundle.carbapenem resistance has evolved rapidly since 2001 and the distribution of carbapenemase-producing klebsiella pneumoniae (cr-kp) is currently a public health concern worldwide. in the haematological setting, especially in allogenic transplant, cr-kp infections were associated with a mortality up to 65%. aim of this report is to describe the management of patients colonized by cr-kp and undergoing allo-hsct with a multiple-step intervention strategy: the "turin bundle". steps included oral gent ...201728368074
molecular analysis of the ramra locus in clinical klebsiella pneumoniae isolates with reduced susceptibility to tigecycline.mutations in ramr, a negative regulator of rama which stimulates transcription of acra/-b encoding the multidrug efflux pump acrab-tolc, were recently shown to result in reduced susceptibility to tigecycline in klebsiella pneumoniae. we analysed six non-duplicate k. pneumoniae isolates with elevated mics to tigecycline. all isolates showed transcriptional up-regulation of rama and acrb as demonstrated by northern blot and quantitative real-time pcr. sequencing of the ramr gene revealed deletions ...201728368073
predation efficacy of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus on multidrug-resistant clinical pathogens and their corresponding biofilms.the aim of the present study was to evaluate the predation efficacy of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus on multidrug-resistant (mdr) or extensive drug resistant (xdr) gram-negative pathogens and their corresponding biofilms. in this study, we examined the ability of b. bacteriovorus to prey on mdr and xdr gram-negative clinical bacteria, including escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa and acinetobacter baumannii. results showed that b. bacteriovorus was able to prey on all pl ...201728367880
high production of 2,3-butanediol by a mutant strain of the newly isolated klebsiella pneumoniae srp2 with increased tolerance towards glycerol.biodiesel, a renewable fuel produced by transesterification of animal fats and vegetable oils, generates about 10% (v/v) of crude glycerol as a core byproduct. the high volume of this non bio-degradable glycerol is becoming of a great environmental and economical concern due to its worldwide ever-growing surplus. herein we report a high production of 2,3-butanediol (2,3-bd) from pure and biodiesel derived crude glycerol using a mutant k. pneumoniae srm2 obtained from a newly isolated strain kleb ...201728367095
biofilm colonization in chronic treatment refractory infections presenting with discharging sinuses: a study in a tertiary care hospital of eastern india.treatment refractory chronic recurrent infections mean those chronic infections which recur by same causal agents with similar drug responsiveness after apparent relief following full course of recommended antimicrobial management.201728367029
biofilm formation of hypermucoviscous and non-hypermucoviscous klebsiella pneumoniae recovered from clinically affected african green monkey (chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus).in recent years, an emergent klebsiella pneumoniae hypermucoviscous (hmv) phenotype has been associated with increased invasiveness and pathogenicity in primates. the hmv phenotype is characterized by different capsular serotypes, associated with several genes including the rmpa (regulator of mucoid phenotype) and maga (mucoviscosity-associated) genes. in african green monkeys (agm) (chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus) serotypes k1 and k5 have been implicated in fatal multisystemic abscesses. in order ...201728366827
clinical features and antimicrobial resistance profiles of important enterobacteriaceae pathogens in guangzhou representative of southern china, 2001-2015.this surveillance aimed to investigate the antimicrobial resistance profiles of enterobacteriaceae pathogens in southern china during 2001-2015.201728365324
identification of bacteria using volatile organic compounds.the rapid diagnosis of respiratory infections has always been an important goal for medical professionals, because rapid and accurate diagnosis leads to proper and timely treatment, and consequently, reduces the costs of incorrect and long-term treatments, and antibiotic resistance. the present study was conducted with the aim of detecting volatile organic compounds (vocs) in three bacteria: pseudomonas aeruginosa, acinetobacter baumannii, klebsiella pneumoniae. headspace of the studied bacteria ...201728364792
biocontrol of the internalization of salmonella enterica and enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli in mung bean sprouts with an endophytic bacillus subtilis.internalization of salmonella enterica and enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) in seed sprouts poses a health risk to consumers, and the conventional sanitization methods are not always effective to reduce this risk. this study initiated a biocontrol approach to limit the internalization using endophytic bacillus subtilis strains, which were isolated from the inner tissue of mung bean seeds or lettuce stems. by using the deferred agar method, 12 strains of b. subtilis out of 94 putative b ...201728364624
evolution and transmission of carbapenem-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae expressing the blaoxa-232 gene during an institutional outbreak associated with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.whole-genome sequencing (wgs) is an emerging and powerful technique by which to perform epidemiological studies in outbreak situations.201728362935
complete genome sequence of carbapenem-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae strain 1756, isolated from a pus specimen.carbapenem-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae strain 1756 was isolated from a pus specimen from a taiwanese patient. here, the complete genome sequence of strain 1756 is presented.201728360152
attributable mortality of hospital-acquired bloodstream infections in ireland.to estimate the attributable mortality of hospital-acquired bloodstream infections (ha-bsi) in ireland.201728359546
performance of carbanp and cim tests in oxa-48 carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae.this study applied two phenotypic tests, namely "carbapenemase nordmann-poirel" (carbanp) test and "carbapenem inactivation method" (cim), against the isolates carrying the carbapenem resistance genes. the study included 83 carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae isolates producing oxacillinase-48 (oxa-48) and 30 carbapenem-sensitive enterobacteriaceae isolates. out of the total isolates studied, 77 isolates (92.77%) were identified as klebsiella pneumoniae and six isolates (7.23%) were identifi ...201728357923
systematic review and meta-analysis of mortality of patients infected with carbapenem-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae.carbapenem resistant k. pneumoniae (crkp) has aroused widespread attention owing to its very limited therapeutic options, and this strain has increased rapidly in recent years. although it is accepted that drug resistance is associated with increased mortality in general, but some other studies found no such relationship. to estimate mortality of patients infected with crkp in general and analyze factors for mortality of this infection, thus, we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis ...201728356109
enterobacteriaceae producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (esbls) colonization as a risk factor for developing esbl infections in pediatric cardiac surgery patients: "retrospective cohort study".children with cardiac defects need many hospitalizations and repetitive antibiotic therapies, with an increasing risk of colonization with multidrug-resistant bacteria (mdrb) such as extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae (esbl-e) post-operative infections with these bacteria in paediatric cardiac surgery are life threatening. this article aims to study the prevalence of esbl colonization among paediatric cardiac surgery patients, and to compare occurrence of post-operative i ...201728356079
gram-negative bacterial infections: research priorities, accomplishments, and future directions of the antibacterial resistance leadership group.antimicrobial resistance in pathogenic gram-negative bacteria is one of the most pressing challenges in the field of infectious diseases and is one of 4 key areas of unmet medical need identified by the antibacterial resistance leadership group (arlg). the mission of the gram-negative committee is to advance our knowledge of these challenging infections and implement studies to improve patient outcomes. studies have fallen primarily into 2 broad categories: prospective cohort studies and interve ...201728350901
prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of enterobacteriaceae isolated from retail pepper in vietnam.to investigate the microbial quality of retail pepper in vietnam, the enumeration and detection of enterobacteriaceae and the screening of cefotaxime (ctx)-resistant coliforms were performed by using 84 commercial samples. although enterobacteriaceae were isolated from 78 samples, the number of enterobacteriaceae was lower than 1.0 log cfu/g in 46 samples. for the detection of enterobacteriaceae with the international organization for standardization methods, salmonella spp., escherichia coli , ...201728350183
the diversity of klebsiella pneumoniae surface polysaccharides.klebsiella pneumoniae is considered an urgent health concern due to the emergence of multi-drug-resistant strains for which vaccination offers a potential remedy. vaccines based on surface polysaccharides are highly promising but need to address the high diversity of surface-exposed polysaccharides, synthesized as o-antigens (lipopolysaccharide, lps) and k-antigens (capsule polysaccharide, cps), present in k. pneumoniae. we present a comprehensive and clinically relevant study of the diversity o ...201628348868
quantitative assessment of insertion sequence impact on bacterial genome architecture.insertion sequence (is) elements are important mediators of genome plasticity and can lead to phenotypic changes with evolutionary significance. in multidrug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii and klebsiella pneumoniae, is elements have contributed significantly to the mobilization of genes that encode resistance to antimicrobial drugs. a systematic analysis of is elements is needed for a more comprehensive understanding of their evolutionary impact. we developed a computational approach (isseeke ...201628348858
identification of klebsiella capsule synthesis loci from whole genome data.klebsiella pneumoniae is a growing cause of healthcare-associated infections for which multi-drug resistance is a concern. its polysaccharide capsule is a major virulence determinant and epidemiological marker. however, little is known about capsule epidemiology since serological typing is not widely accessible and many isolates are serologically non-typeable. molecular typing techniques provide useful insights, but existing methods fail to take full advantage of the information in whole genome ...201628348840
bacterial and viral pathogen spectra of acute respiratory infections in under-5 children in hospital settings in dhaka city.the study aimed to examine for the first time the spectra of viral and bacterial pathogens along with the antibiotic susceptibility of the isolated bacteria in under-5 children with acute respiratory infections (aris) in hospital settings of dhaka, bangladesh. nasal swabs were collected from 200 under-five children hospitalized with clinical signs of aris. nasal swabs from 30 asymptomatic children were also collected. screening of viral pathogens targeted ten respiratory viruses using rt-qpcr. b ...201728346512
potential antibacterial activity of some saudi arabia honey.the aim of this study was to investigate the potential antibacterial activity of some saudi arabia honey against selected bacterial strains of medical importance.201728344408
cross-resistance to human cationic antimicrobial peptides and to polymyxins mediated by the plasmid-encoded mcr-1?to evaluate whether acquired resistance to cationic antimicrobial peptides (camp) group molecules, being normal components of the human immune system, may select co-resistance to antibiotic peptides such as polymyxins, considering they share the same mechanism of action. we aimed to evaluate strains producing the recently identified plasmid-encoded polymyxin resistance determinant mcr-1, which is a phosphoethanolamine transferase that modifies the lipopolysaccharide structure of gram-negative ba ...201728344161
n6', n6''', and o4' modifications to neomycin affect ribosomal selectivity without compromising antibacterial activity.the synthesis of a series of neomycin derivatives carrying the 2-hydroxyethyl substituent on n6' and/or n6‴ both alone and in combination with a 4'-o-ethyl group is described. by means of cell-free translation assays with wild-type bacterial ribosomes and their hybrids with eukaryotic decoding a sites, we investigate how individual substituents and their combinations affect activity and selectivity at the target level. in principle, and as shown by cell-free translation assays, modifications of ...201728343384
community-onset carbapenem-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae urinary tract infections in infancy following nicu hospitalisation.urinary tract infection (uti) is a common bacterial infection in childhood with favourable outcome. however, the recent emergence of uti caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens, such as carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae (cre), has become a great concern worldwide. cre are mainly responsible for nosocomial infections and community-onset cre infections in healthy individuals are rare.201728341427
first report of oxa-232-producing klebsiella pneumoniae strains in tunisia.eleven carbapenem-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were recovered from the military hospital of tunis, tunisia. three of these isolates carried the carbapenemase blaoxa-232 gene recently identified in france. these isolates were clonally related and co-expressed the extended-spectrum ß-lactamase, ctx-m-15. this work identified the occurrence of oxa-232 producers in north-african countries.201728341097
the hypervirulent variant of klebsiella pneumoniae is established in new york city. 201728339856
high reported rates of antimicrobial resistance in indian neonatal and pediatric blood stream infections.there is real shortage of national data on antimicrobial resistance rates in indian neonates and children. a descriptive review was conducted to determine the patterns of antimicrobial resistance in isolates of blood stream infection among hospitalized children in india.201728339675
the molecular and clinical epidemiology of extended-spectrum cephalosporin- and carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae at 4 us pediatric hospitals.in this report, we aim to describe the epidemiology of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant (esc-r) and carbapenem-resistant (cr) enterobacteriaceae infections in children.201728339623
defining and evaluating a core genome multilocus sequence typing scheme for whole-genome sequence-based typing of klebsiella pneumoniae.at present, the most used methods for klebsiella pneumoniae subtyping are multilocus sequence typing (mlst) and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). however, the discriminatory power of mlst could not meet the need for distinguishing outbreak and non-outbreak isolates and the pfge is time-consuming and labor-intensive. a core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgmlst) scheme for whole-genome sequence-based typing of k. pneumoniae was developed for solving the disadvantages of these tradition ...201728337187
draft genome sequence of klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae atcc 9621.we present here the 5.561-mbp assembled draft genome sequence of klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae atcc 9621, a phosphite- and organophosphonate-assimilating gammaproteobacterium. the genome harbors 5,179 predicted protein-coding genes.201728336608
first detection of klebsiella pneumoniae producing oxa-48 in fresh vegetables from béjaïa city, algeria. 201728336324
photosensitizer-embedded polyacrylonitrile nanofibers as antimicrobial non-woven textile.toward the objective of developing platform technologies for anti-infective materials based upon photodynamic inactivation, we employed electrospinning to prepare a non-woven textile comprised of polyacrylonitrile nanofibers embedded with a porphyrin-based cationic photosensitizer; termed pan-por((+)). photosensitizer loading was determined to be 34.8 nmol/mg material; with thermostability to 300 °c. antibacterial efficacy was evaluated against four bacteria belonging to the eskape family of pat ...201628335205
gold nanoparticles: an efficient antimicrobial agent against enteric bacterial human pathogen.enteric bacterial human pathogens, i.e., escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, bacillus subtilis and klebsiella pneumoniae, are the major cause of diarrheal infections in children and adults. their structure badly affects the human immune system. it is important to explore new antibacterial agents instead of antibiotics for treatment. this project is an attempt to explain how gold nanoparticles affect these bacteria. we investigated the important role of the mean particle size, and the inhibi ...201628335198
genome sequencing and comparative analysis of three hypermucoviscous klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated in russia.the prevalence and characteristics of hypermucoviscous (hv) strains among klebsiella pneumoniae isolated in russian hospitals were investigated. the hv strains were accounted for 11% k. pneumoniae isolates collected on the period from 2011 to 2016, and were characterized by belonging to k1, k2, k20 and k57 serotypes. whole genome sequences (wgss) of k. pneumoniae hv clinical strains kpi261 (scpm-o-b-7850) and kpb4010 (scpm-o-b-7846) belonging to k1 and k2 capsular types, as well as wgss of k. pn ...201728334288
multi-scale model of drug induced adaptive resistance of gram-negative bacteria to polymyxin b.the purpose of this report is to apply multi-scale modeling using the theory of physiologically structured populations (psp) to develop a mathematical model for antimicrobial resistance based on a heterogeneous distribution of receptors and affinities among bacterial cells. the theory has been tested on data obtained from an in vitro static time-kill infection model analyzing the pharmacodynamics of polymyxin b against gram-negative bacteria. the drug binding parameter kd (dissociation equilibri ...201728334005
multiregional dissemination of kpc-producing klebsiella pneumoniae st258/st512 genotypes in poland, 2010-14.in 2008-09, the kpc carbapenemase epidemiology in poland was dominated by a klebsiella pneumoniae st258 kpc-2 outbreak in warsaw and its administrative region. the aim of this study was to analyse the situation in 2010-14, with a focus on new outbreaks in other parts of the country.201728333331
high ceftazidime hydrolysis activity and porin ompk35 deficiency contribute to the decreased susceptibility to ceftazidime/avibactam in kpc-producing klebsiella pneumoniae.to investigate mechanisms for the decreased susceptibility to ceftazidime/avibactam in kpc-producing klebsiella pneumoniae (kpc-kp).201728333323
fully automated disc diffusion for rapid antibiotic susceptibility test results: a proof-of-principle study.antibiotic resistance poses a significant threat to patients suffering from infectious diseases. early readings of antibiotic susceptibility test (ast) results could be of critical importance to ensure adequate treatment. disc diffusion is a well-standardized, established and cost-efficient ast procedure; however, its use in the clinical laboratory is hampered by the many manual steps involved, and an incubation time of 16-18 h, which is required to achieve reliable test results.201728333189
isolation and characterization of bacterial endophytes of curcuma longa l.fourteen endophytic bacterial isolates were isolated from the rhizome of curcuma longa l. were characterized on the basis of morphology, biochemical characteristics and 16s rrna gene sequence analysis. the isolates were identified to six strains namely bacillus cereus (ecl1), bacillus thuringiensis (ecl2), bacillus sp. (ecl3), bacillus pumilis (ecl4), pseudomonas putida (ecl5), and clavibacter michiganensis (ecl6). all the strains produced iaa and solubilized phosphate and only two strains produ ...201628330130
diversity and antagonistic potential of marine microbes collected from south-west coast of india.the diversity of some of the culturable microorganisms associated with marine flora and fauna collected off vizhinjam and mulloor coast of south india was evaluated and their bioactive production potential determined. from a total of 24 bacteria, 4 actinomycetes and 8 fungi isolated from diverse marine sources, five bacterial species-blm3, bsp2, bcs1, bcs4 and bma6 showed inhibitory activity against at least one of the tested pathogens viz., klebsiella pneumonia ku1, pseudomonas aeruginosa vl3, ...201628330077
characterization of klebsiella granulomatis pathogenic to silkworm, bombyx mori l.bacterial disease of silkworm causes significant reduction of silk production leading to huge economic loss. this study aims to isolate bacteria from diseased silkworm and to determine its pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance. a strain of klebsiella granulomatis has been isolated from silkworm haemolymph which was later identified on the basis of biochemical tests and 16s rrna gene sequencing. the optimum culture condition of k. granulomatis was determined at ph 7.0 and 37 °c temperature. the ...201528324559
biosynthesis of highly monodispersed, spherical gold nanoparticles of size 4-10 nm from spent cultures of klebsiella pneumoniae.the development of eco-friendly approach for the preparation of monodispersed gold nanoparticles (gnps) has received much attention for their easy application. most of the current methods involve known protocols which employ toxic chemicals and hazardous byproducts. this greatly limits their use in biomedical fields, particularly in clinical applications. recent research has been focused on green synthesis methods to produce different nanoparticles with suitable commercial viability. the biosynt ...201528324519
antibacterial, antioxidant, antifungal and anti-inflammatory activities of crude extract from nitraria schoberi fruits.this study is the first comprehensive investigation of the antibacterial, antioxidant, antifungal and anti-inflammatory activities of a crude extract from nitraria schoberi l. (zygophyllaceae) fruits. the extract was tested against four gram-negative (pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterobacter aerogenes, klebsiella pneumoniae and acinetobacter lwoffii) and one gram-positive (staphylococcus aureus) bacteria using the agar disc diffusion and microdilution methods. p. aeruginosa was inhibited the most (w ...201528324518
identifying the shared metabolic objectives of glycerol bioconversion in klebsiella pneumoniae under different culture conditions.this paper addresses the problem of identifying the shared metabolic objectives of glycerol bioconversion in klebsiella pneumoniae for production of 1,3-propanediol (1,3-pd) under different culture conditions. to achieve this goal, we propose a multi-level programming model. this model includes three optimization problems, where the constraint region of the first level problem is implicitly determined by the other two optimization problems. the optimized objectives of the first and second level ...201728323016
neonatal cholestasis mimicking biliary atresia: could it be urinary tract infection?cholestasis can occur in newborns due to infections. however, the manifestations of the underlying infections usually dominate the presentation. we present a 2-month-old infant who presented with jaundice and no fever or signs of systemic illness. liver biopsy was suggestive of cholangitis. he was subsequently detected to have urinary tract infection with klebsiella pneumoniae. the child was treated with appropriate antibiotics for 2 weeks following which the cholestasis resolved. thus, neonatal ...201728321310
exogenous l-valine promotes phagocytosis to kill multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens.the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria presents a severe threat to public health and causes extensive losses in livestock husbandry and aquaculture. effective strategies to control such infections are in high demand. enhancing host immunity is an ideal strategy with fewer side effects than antibiotics. to explore metabolite candidates, we applied a metabolomics approach to investigate the metabolic profiles of mice after klebsiella pneumoniae infection. compared with the mice that died fr ...201728321214
mutations at arg220 and thr237 in per-2 β-lactamase: impact on conformation, activity and susceptibility to inhibitors.per-2 accounts for up to 10% of oxyimino-cephalosporin resistance in klebsiella pneumoniae and escherichia coli in argentina, and hydrolyzes both cefotaxime and ceftazidime with high catalytic efficiencies (kcat/km). through crystallographic analyses, we recently proposed the existence of a hydrogen-bond network connecting ser70-gln69-oxyanion water-thr237-arg220 that might be important for the activity and inhibition of the enzyme. mutations at arg244 in most class a β-lactamases (as tem and sh ...201728320728
in vitro activity of imipenem-relebactam against gram-negative eskape pathogens isolated by clinical laboratories in the united states in 2015 - results from the smart global surveillance program.relebactam (formerly mk-7655) is an inhibitor of class a and c β-lactamases, including klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (kpc), and is currently in clinical development in combination with imipenem/cilastatin. using clinical and laboratory standards institute (clsi) defined broth microdilution methodology, we evaluated the in vitro activities of imipenem-relebactam, imipenem, and seven routinely tested parenteral antimicrobial agents against gram-negative eskape pathogens (pseudomonas aerugino ...201728320716
infections in patients with a total artificial heart are common but rarely fatal.patients who received a total artificial heart (tah) at virginia commonwealth university (vcu) between january 1, 2010 and december 31, 2011 were identified from the vcu mechanical circulatory support clinical database. retrospective data extraction from the medical records was performed from the time of tah implantation until heart transplantation or death. infections were classified as confirmed or suspected. twenty-seven men and 5 women, mean age 49.5 years (range 24 to 68 years) received a t ...201728319520
screening for fecal carriage of mcr-producing enterobacteriaceae in healthy humans and primary care patients.the extent of the occurrence of the plasmid-encoded colistin resistance genes mcr-1 and mcr-2 among humans is currently sparsely studied in western europe.201728316780
expression of 16 nitrogenase proteins within the plant mitochondrial matrix.the industrial production and use of nitrogenous fertilizer involves significant environmental and economic costs. strategies to reduce fertilizer dependency are required to address the world's increasing demand for sustainable food, fibers, and biofuels. biological nitrogen fixation, a process unique to diazatrophic bacteria, is catalyzed by the nitrogenase complex, and reconstituting this function in plant cells is an ambitious biotechnological strategy to reduce fertilizer use. here we establ ...201728316608
help is on the way: monoclonal antibody therapy for multi-drug resistant bacteria. 201728306387
emergence of st39 and st656 extensively drug-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in wenzhou, china. 201728303839
strengths and limitations of various screening methods for carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae including new method recommended by clinical and laboratory standards institute, 2017: a tertiary care experience.carbapenemase-mediated carbapenem resistance is a major concern across the world. rapid detection of carbapenemase-producing organisms is of great importance in clinical settings. however, it is essential to have a test with good sensitivity and specificity. the aim of the study was to compare the performance of rapidec® carba np and modified carbapenem inactivation method (mcim) recommended by clinical and laboratory standards institute guideline 2017. a total of ninety carbapenem resistant esc ...201728303831
structure-based discovery of lpxc inhibitors.the emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant (mdr) gram negative bacteria presents a serious threat for public health. novel antimicrobials that could overcome the resistance problems are urgently needed. udp-3-o-(r-3-hydroxymyristol)-n-acetylglucosamine deacetylase (lpxc) is a cytosolic zinc-based deacetylase that catalyzes the first committed step in the biosynthesis of lipid a, which is essential for the survival of gram-negative bacteria. our efforts toward the discovery of novel lpxc inh ...201728302397
antibacterial screening of rumex species native to the carpathian basin and bioactivity-guided isolation of compounds from rumex aquaticus.plants belonging to the genus rumex (family polygonaceae) are used worldwide in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases caused by different microorganisms (e.g. bacteria-related dermatologic conditions, dysentery and enteritis). the present study focused on the antibacterial screening of rumex species native to the carpathian basin, and isolation of compounds from one of the most efficient species, rumex aquaticus. the antibacterial effects of n-hexane, chloroform and aqueous ...201728300698
structure-activity studies on polymyxin derivatives carrying three positive charges only reveal a new class of compounds with strong antibacterial activity.recent years have brought in an increased interest to develop improved polymyxins. the currently used polymyxins, i.e. polymyxin b and colistin (polymyxin e) are pentacationic lipopeptides that possess a cyclic heptapeptide part with three positive charges, a linear "panhandle" part with two positive charges, and a fatty acyl tail. unfortunately, their clinical use is shadowed by their notable nephrotoxicity. we have previously developed a polymyxin derivative nab739 which lacks the positive cha ...201728300674
the effect of urinary catheters on microbial biofilms and catheter associated urinary tract infections.the aims of this study were to determine relationship between biofilm producer microorganisms attached to urinary catheters (ucs) and urinary catheter-associated urinary tract infections (cautis), to determine the rate of cauti development and the relationship between cauti and catheterization period in catheterized patients.201728299769
healthcare-associated infection in burkina faso: an assessment in a district hospital.in developing countries, few data are available on healthcare-associated infections. in burkina faso, there has been a failure to take into account risk management and patient safety in the quality assurance program. the main objective of our study was to carry out an assessment of healthcare-associated infection in a first level hospital. we conducted a cross-sectional study in june 2011 in the care units of ziniaré district hospital (ziniaré, burkina faso). the hospital has been divided in thr ...201228299089
apoptosis, toll-like, rig-i-like and nod-like receptors are pathways jointly induced by diverse respiratory bacterial and viral pathogens.lower respiratory tract infections are among the top five leading causes of human death. fighting these infections is therefore a world health priority. searching for induced alterations in host gene expression shared by several relevant respiratory pathogens represents an alternative to identify new targets for wide-range host-oriented therapeutics. with this aim, alveolar macrophages were independently infected with three unrelated bacterial (streptococcus pneumoniae, klebsiella pneumoniae, an ...201728298903
in vitro activity of imipenem against carbapenemase-positive enterobacteriaceae: smart global surveillance program 2008-2014.the study for monitoring antimicrobial resistance trends (smart) global surveillance program collected 103,960 isolates of enterobacteriaceae from 2008 to 2014. from this isolate collection all ertapenem-non-susceptible isolates (mic, ≥1 μg/ml; n = 3,428) and 9,371 isolates of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, klebsiella oxytoca, and proteus mirabilis with an ertapenem-susceptible extended-spectrum β-lactamase (esbl)-positive phenotype were assessed for the presence of common carbapenemas ...201728298454
burden and spectrum of bacterial infections among sickle cell disease children living in cameroon.although sickle cell disease (scd) children are highly susceptible to bacterial infections (bis), there is a dreadful lack of data related to the burden and spectrum of bis in sub-saharan africa (ssa), the highest affected region with scd. this study aimed to determine the burden and spectrum of bis among scd children hospitalized in a pediatric reference hospital in cameroon, a ssa country.201728298206
carbapenemases-producing klebsiella pneumoniae in hospitals of two regions of southern italy.carbapenem-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae infections are reported with increasing frequency elsewhere in the world, representing a worrying phenomenon for global health. in italy, there are hotspot data on the diffusion and type of carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae and k. pneumoniae in particular, with very few data coming from apulia and basilicata, two regions of southern italy. this study was aimed at characterizing by phenotypic and genotypic methods carbapenem-resistant k. pneumon ...201728295617
effect of united states buckwheat honey on antibiotic-resistant hospital acquired pathogens.due to an upsurge in antibiotic-resistant infections and lack of therapeutic options, new approaches are needed for treatment. honey may be one such potential therapeutic option. we investigated the susceptibility of hospital acquired pathogens to four honeys from wisconsin, united states, and then determined if the antibacterial effect of each honey against these pathogens is primarily due to the high sugar content.201628292167
detection and analysis of different interactions between resistance mechanisms and carbapenems in clinical isolates of klebsiella pneumoniae.carbapenems are considered last-line agents for the treatment of serious infections caused by klebsiella pneumoniae, and this microorganism may exhibit resistance to β-lactam antibiotics due to different mechanisms of resistance. we evaluated 27 isolates of k. pneumoniae resistant to carbapenems recovered from inpatients at the university hospital of santa maria-rs from july 2013 to august 2014. we carried out antimicrobial susceptibility, carbapenemase detection, testing for the presence of eff ...201728291698
molecular characterization of kpc-producing klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from patients in a public hospital in caracas, venezuela.klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (kpc)-producing bacteria are amongst the most important causative agents of nosocomial infections worldwide. isolates of this bacterium have been identified in venezuela but little is known about their local spread. the aim of this study was to perform the molecular characterization of kpc-producing strains isolated from 2012 to 2013 in a public hospital in caracas, venezuela.201728291671
a novel antimicrobial endolysin, lyspa26, against pseudomonas aeruginosa.the global increase in multidrug resistant (mdr) bacteria has led to phage therapy being refocused upon. a novel endolysin, lyspa26, containing a lysozyme-like domain, was screened against pseudomonas aeruginosa in this study. it had activity against mdr p. aeruginosa without pretreatment with an outer-membrane permeabilizer. lyspa26 could kill up to 4 log units p. aeruginosa in 30 min. in addition, temperature and ph effect assays revealed that lyspa26 had good stability over a broad range of p ...201728289407
antibiotic prophylaxis is associated with subsequent resistant infections in children with an initial extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant enterobacteriaceae infection.the objective of this study was to assess the association between previous antibiotic use, particularly long-term prophylaxis, and occurrence of subsequent resistant infections in children with index infections due to extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant enterobacteriaceae we also investigated the concordance of index and subsequent isolates. extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant e. coli and klebsiella spp. isolated from normally sterile sites of patients aged <22 years were collected a ...201728289030
discovery of novel pyridone-conjugated monosulfactams as potent and broad-spectrum antibiotics for multidrug-resistant gram-negative infections.conjugating a siderophore to an antibiotic is a promising strategy to overcome the permeability-mediated resistance of gram-negative pathogens. on the basis of the structure of bal30072, novel pyridone-conjugated monosulfactams incorporating diverse substituents into the methylene linker between the 1,3-dihydroxypyridin-4(1h)-one and the aminothiazole oxime were designed and synthesized. structure-activity relationship studies revealed that a variety of substituents were tolerated, with isopropy ...201728287720
ventilator-associated pneumonia and its responsible germs; an epidemiological study.ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap) is one of the most common hospital infections and a side effect of lengthy stay in intensive care unit (icu). considering the ever-changing pattern of common pathogens in infectious diseases and the raise in prevalence of hospital infections, the present study was designed aiming to determine the prevalence of vap and its bacterial causes.201728286833
disparate domains: klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess syndrome. 201728286165
first report of colistin-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates in lebanon. 201728286141
more than meets the eye: klebsiella pneumoniae invasive liver abscess syndrome presenting with endophthalmitis.endophthalmitis is a feared complication of pyogenic liver abscesses caused by hypervirulent klebsiella pneumoniae strains. first described in east asia in the 1980s, this invasive syndrome is only recently emerging in europe and america.201728285868
carbapenem-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae in high-risk haematological patients: factors favouring spread, risk factors and outcome of carbapenem-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremias.carbapenem-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae (crkp) spread and infections in patients with haematological malignancies are a serious concern especially in endemic areas. treatment failures and delay in appropriate therapy for crkp infections are frequent and the mortality rate associated with crkp bacteremia in neutropenic haematological patients is reported about 60%.201728283020
resistance of hypervirulent klebsiella pneumoniae to both intracellular and extracellular killing of neutrophils.hypervirulent klebsiella pneumoniae (hvkp) is hypermucoviscous organism, carrying genes of rmpa and aerobactin, causing serious community-acquired infection and metastatically spread in young healthy hosts. neutrophils play an important role during innate immune response against bacterial infection by phagocytosis and neutrophil extracellular traps (nets). whether neutrophils can effectively defend against hvkp remains unclear. in this study, we observed that the hvkp was significantly more resi ...201728282434
the resistance phenotype and molecular epidemiology of klebsiella pneumoniae in bloodstream infections in shanghai, china, 2012-2015.klebsiella pneumoniae (k.pneumoniae) is a common nosocomial pathogen causing bloodstream infections. antibiotic susceptibility surveillance and molecular characterization will facilitate prevention and management of k. pneumoniae bloodstream infections. k. pneumoniae isolates causing bloodstream infections were consecutively collected between january 2012 and december 2015 in shanghai. eighty isolates (20 per year) were randomly selected and enrolled in this study. drug susceptibility were deter ...201728280486
comparative analyses of selection operating on non-translated intergenic regions of diverse bacterial species.non-translated intergenic regions (igrs) comprise 10-15% of bacterial genomes, and contain many regulatory elements with key functions. despite this, there are few systematic studies on the strength and direction of selection operating on igrs in bacteria using whole genome sequence datasets. here we exploit representative whole genome datasets from six diverse bacterial species; staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pneumoniae, mycobacterium tuberculosis, salmonella enterica, klebsiella pneumoni ...201728280056
additional regulatory activities of mrkh for the transcriptional expression of the klebsiella pneumoniae mrk genes: antagonist of h-ns and repressor.klebsiella pneumoniae is a common opportunistic pathogen causing nosocomial infections. one of the main virulence determinants of k. pneumoniae is the type 3 pilus (t3p). t3p helps the bacterial interaction to both abiotic and biotic surfaces and it is crucial for the biofilm formation. t3p is genetically organized in three transcriptional units: the mrkabcdf polycistronic operon, the mrkhi bicistronic operon and the mrkj gene. mrkh is a regulatory protein encoded in the mrkhi operon, which posi ...201728278272
infections caused by carbapenem-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae with hypermucoviscous phenotype: a case report and literature review. 201728276993
rapid detection of carbapenemase-producing klebsiella pneumoniae strains derived from blood cultures by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms).carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae (cpe), particularly carbapenemase-producing klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, are important causative agents of nosocomial infections associated with significant mortality rates mostly in critical wards. the rapid detection and typing of these strains is critical either for surveillance purposes and to prevent outbreaks and optimize antibiotic therapy. in this study, the maldi-tof ms method was used to detect rapidly these isolates from blood cultures (bc ...201728274205
[ventilator-associated pneumonia among premature infants <34 weeks' gestational age in neonatal intensive care unit in china: a multicenter study].objective: to investigate the incidence and pathogen distribution of ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap) among preterm infants admitted to level ⅲ neonatal intensive care units (nicu) in china. method: a prospective study was conducted in 25 level ⅲ nicu, enrolling all preterm infants <34 weeks gestational age admitted to the participating nicu within the first 7 days of life from may 2015 to april 2016. chi-square test, t test and mann-whitney u test were used for statistical analysis. result ...201728273700
broadly reactive aptamers targeting bacteria belonging to different genera using a sequential toggle cell-selex.conventional cell-selex aims to isolate aptamers to a single unique target bacteria species. we propose a method to isolate single-stranded dna aptamers that have broad reactivity to multiple bacterial targets belonging to different genera. the key of the proposed method is that targets of interest are changed sequentially at each selex round. the general scheme was examined using six bacteria from different genera, escherichia coli, enterobacter aerogenes, klebsiella pneumoniae, citrobacter fre ...201728272554
changing trend in bacterial etiology and antibiotic resistance in sepsis of intramural neonates at a tertiary care hospital.septicemia is an important cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. however, organized data on causative organisms and their resistant pattern are scanty from developing countries. the changing trend in causative organisms and their antibiotic resistance is yet to be documented in india. the present study examines the trends in bacterial profile and antibiotic resistance of the organisms causing sepsis in hospitalized neonates.201728272077
mutations in dna gyrase and topoisomerase iv in ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible extended-spectrum -lactamase-producing escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae.we investigated mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining region (qrdr) of ciprofloxacinnonsusceptible extended-spectrum -lactamase (esbl)-producing escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae by a statistical analysis.201728271673
establishment of experimental murine peritonitis model with hog gastric mucin for carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria.animal models are essential to studies of infectious diseases. the use of mice to test bacterial infection has been extensively reported. however, methods applied to clinical isolates, particularly for carbapenem-resistant bacteria, must be tailored according to the infection models and bacteria used. in this study, we infected 6-week-old female balb/c mice intraperitoneally with different strains of resistant bacteria plus 3% hog gastric mucin. this method was found to be efficient and readily ...201728271653
predictors of septic shock in initially stable patients with pyogenic liver abscess.the incidence of pyogenic liver abscess (pla), a life-threatening condition, is increasing worldwide. this study was designed to evaluate clinical features and outcomes in initially stable patients with pla and to determine the predictors of septic shock.201728270040
presence, distribution and molecular epidemiology of multi-drug-resistant gram-negative bacilli from medical personnel of intensive care units in tianjin, china, 2007-2015.multi-drug-resistant gram-negative bacteria (mdrgnb) have become an important cause of nosocomial infection in intensive care units (icus).201728268024
fecal carriage of extended spectrum β-lactamase producing escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae after urinary tract infection - a three year prospective cohort study.we have performed a prospective cohort study to investigate the duration of and risk factors for prolonged fecal carriage of esbl-producing escherichia coli or klebsiella pneumoniae in patients with community acquired urinary tract infection caused by these bacteria. from 2009 to 2011, 101 norwegian patients were recruited. stool swabs and questionnaires were collected every three months for one year and at the end of the study in 2012. information on antibiotic prescriptions was collected from ...201728267783
the expanding role of type ii secretion in bacterial pathogenesis and beyond.type ii secretion (t2s) is one means by which gram-negative pathogens secrete proteins into the extracellular milieu and/or host organisms. based upon recent genome sequencing, it is clear that t2s is largely restricted to the proteobacteria, occurring in many, but not all genera in the α-, β-, γ-, and δ- classes. prominent human and/or animal pathogens that express a t2s system(s) include acinetobacter baumannii, burkholderia pseudomallei, chlamydia trachomatis, escherichia coli, klebsiella pne ...201728264910
mcr-1.3: a new mcr variant carried by an incp plasmid in a colistin-resistant salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium isolated from a healthy individual.in this study, we reported a novel mcr-1 gene variant, named mcr-1.3, carried by an incp plasmid in a colistin-resistant salmonella typhimurium from a healthy person. compared with mcr-1, the mcr-1.3 gene contained two snps; one of them resulted in an arginine to histidine variation (arg536->his). the plasmid carrying mcr-1.3 gene was designated pmcr1.3_p053, and was highly similar to a recently discovered mcr-1-bearing plasmid found in klebsiella pneumoniae.201728264851
in vivo pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of antofloxacin against klebsiella pneumoniae in a neutropenic murine lung infection model.antofloxacin is a novel broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone under development for the treatment of infections caused by a diverse group of bacterial species. we explored the pharmacodynamic (pd) profile and targets of antofloxacin against seven klebsiella pneumoniae isolates using a neutropenic murine lung infection model. plasma and bronchopulmonary pharmacokinetic studies were conducted at single subcutaneous doses of 2.5, 10, 40 and 160 mg/kg. mice were infected intratracheally with k. pneumoniae ...201728264844
complete nucleotide sequences of two vim-1-encoding plasmids from klebsiella pneumoniae and leclercia adecarboxylata isolates of czech origin.two mdr plasmids, carrying the vim-1-encoding integron in110, were characterized. plasmid plec-476cz (311758-bp), from a leclercia adecarboxylata, consisted of an inchi1 backbone, a mdr region, and two accessory elements. plasmid pkpn-431cz (142876-bp), from a st323 klebsiella pneumoniae, comprised incfiiy-derived and pkpn3-like sequences, and a mosaic region. a 40400-bp sequence of pkpn-431cz was identical to the mdr region of plec-476cz, indicating the en bloc acquisition of the vim-1-encoding ...201728264839
life-threatening emphysematous liver abscess associated with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus: a case report.emphysematous liver abscesses are defined as liver abscesses accompanied by gas formation. the fatality rate is extremely high at 27%, necessitating prompt intensive care.201728264703
antimicrobial susceptibilities of aerobic and facultative gram-negative bacilli isolated from chinese patients with urinary tract infections between 2010 and 2014.the objective of this study was to investigate the distribution and susceptibility of aerobic and facultative gram-negative bacilli isolated from chinese patients with utis collected within 48 h (community acquired, ca) or after 48 h (hospital acquired, ha) of hospital admission.201728264656
fever and prodromal infections in anti-glomerular basement membrane disease.anti-glomerular basement membrane (gbm) disease is an autoimmune disorder with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and alveolar hemorrhage. fever symptom and prodromal infections have been reported in many cases, but still not been elucidated.201728261931
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