| in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of gr69153, a new long-acting cephalosporin. | gr69153, a new parenteral cephalosporin, inhibited 90% of escherichia coli, klebsiella oxytoca, proteus mirabilis, citrobacter diversus, shigellae, and salmonellae at less than 0.25 micrograms/ml (mic90). it had activity comparable to those of ceftazidime, cefpirome, cefepime, and e-1040. against cephalosporinase-producing enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, and serratia marcescens, mics ranged from 0.12 to greater than 32 micrograms/ml, and cefpirome and cefepime were the most active ag ... | 1991 | 2024959 |
| in vitro activity of a catechol-substituted cephalosporin, gr69153. | the in vitro activity of gr69153, a new catechol-substituted cephalosporin, was compared with those of ceftazidime, imipenem, meropenem, and ceftriaxone against 604 recent clinical isolates and other strains with known mechanisms of resistance. the mics of gr69153 for 90% of the members of the family enterobacteriaceae tested were less than 0.5 micrograms/ml, with the exceptions of those for serratia spp. (4 micrograms/ml), citrobacter spp. (2 micrograms/ml), and enterobacter spp. (8 micrograms/ ... | 1991 | 2024966 |
| antibiotic susceptibility of 629 bacterial blood and csf isolates from swedish infants and the therapeutic implications. | blood and csf isolates (n = 629) from swedish infants up to one year of age were tested in vitro against 13 antimicrobial agents in order to update the guidelines for empiric therapy of septicaemia and meningitis. ampicillin plus gentamicin provided inadequate empiric therapy for meningitis, due to the poor csf penetration of the aminoglycoside and the frequent occurrence of bacterial resistance to ampicillin. ceftazidime and cefuroxime were moderately active, particularly against isolates from ... | 1991 | 2035312 |
| proteolytic interconversion and n-terminal sequences of the citrobacter diversus major beta-lactamases. | the n-terminal sequences of the two major beta-lactamases produced by citrobacter diversus differed only by the absence of the first residue in form ii and the loss of five amino acid residues at the c-terminal end. limited proteolysis of the homogeneous form i protein yielded a variety of enzymatically active products. in the major product obtained after the action of papain, the first three n-terminal residues of form i had been cleaved, whereas at the c-terminal end the treated enzyme lacked ... | 1991 | 2039443 |
| [microbiological quality of mechanically deboned beef]. | microbial quality of mechanically deboned beef (mdb), which was obtained by the discontinuous hydraulic horizontal separator, type inject-star (firm laska, austria), was analyzed for the presence of indicatory microorganisms (coliforms and enterococci), pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms. the basic microbial parameters have been determined separately for mdb of 1st, 2nd degrees as well as for average daily samples from one collecting vessel. apart from it, also a raw material ... | 1991 | 2042400 |
| phospholipase-a-independent damage caused by the colicin a lysis protein during its assembly into the inner and outer membranes of escherichia coli. | the requirement for the activation of phospholipase a by the colicin a lysis protein (cal) in the efficient release of colicin a by escherichia coli cells containing colicin a plasmids was studied. in particular, we wished to determine if this activation is the primary effect of cal or whether it reflects more generalized damage to the envelope caused by the presence of large quantities of this small acylated protein. e. coli tolq cells, which were shown to be leaky for periplasmic proteins, wer ... | 1991 | 2045784 |
| in-vitro and in-vivo antimicrobial activities of a novel cephalosporin derivative, cp6162, possessing a dihydroxypyridone moiety at the c-3 side chain. | the antibacterial activity of a novel cephalosporin derivative, cp6162, possessing a dihydroxypyridone moiety at the c-3 side chain, was evaluated in vitro and in vivo, with ceftazidime, aztreonam and cefoperazone as the reference antibiotics. cp6162 showed weak or little activity against gram-positive bacteria, but potent activity against clinical isolates of the gram-negative species including strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa, ps. cepacia, acinetobacter sp., xanthomonas maltophilia, serratia ... | 1991 | 2050596 |
| a weak adaptive response to alkylation damage in salmonella typhimurium. | an efficient adaptive response to alkylation damage was observed in several enterobacterial species, including klebsiella aerogenes, shigella sonnei, shigella boydii, escherichia alkalescens, escherichia hermanii, and escherichia fergusonii. increased o6-methylguanine-dna and methylphosphotriester-dna methyltransferase activities correlated with the induction of a 39-kda protein recognized by monoclonal antibodies raised against the escherichia coli ada protein. induced methyltransferase activit ... | 1991 | 2050626 |
| antibacterial activity of crotalid venoms against oral snake flora and other clinical bacteria. | despite heavy oral and fang contamination of crotalid species with a wide variety of potentially pathogenic bacteria, crotalid envenomation is associated with a low incidence of bacterial infection. minimal inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations of venoms from three crotalid species were determined against six aerobic and eight anaerobic reference and oral crotalid microorganisms. all anaerobic isolates were resistant to greater than 20,480 micrograms/ml, whereas variable activity (range, 5- ... | 1991 | 2056205 |
| [the clinical case. hovawart, female, 9 years old]. | | 1991 | 2068706 |
| the in-vitro activity of cefodizime: a review. | for enterobacteriaceae, mic50s and mic90s of cefodizime (mg/l), respectively, were as follows, for naturally non-beta-lactamase-producing species: escherichia coli 0.12 and 0.5, salmonella spp. and shigella spp. 0.25 and 0.5, proteus mirabilis 0.016 and 0.03; for chromosomal penicillinase-producing species. klebsiella spp. 0.25 and 64, and for chromosomal cephalosporinase-producing species. enterobacter cloacae 1 and 64, citrobacter freundii 1 and 128, serratia marcescens 2 and 8: indole-positiv ... | 1990 | 2074248 |
| [clinical experiences with cefixime in the treatment of bacterial infections of the lower respiratory tract]. | in a prospective, open clinical trial 21 patients suffering from lower respiratory tract infections were treated with the new oral cephalosporin cefixime. the antibiotic was given at a dosage of 200 mg b. i. d. for seven to eleven days. seventeen of 18 evaluable patients were cured or distinctly improved at the end of therapy as well as two days after the end of treatment. clinical results correlated well with the results of the lung function tests, especially with the significant decrease of re ... | 1990 | 2079369 |
| [antibacterial activity and beta-lactamase stability of eleven oral cephalosporins]. | oral cephalosporins (cefixime, cefdinir, cefetamet, ceftibuten, cefpodoxime, loracarbef, cefprozil, cefuroxime, cefaclor, cefadroxil and bay 3522) were compared by their antibacterial profile including stability against new beta-lactamases. both activity and antibacterial spectrum of compounds structurally related to third generation parenteral cephalosporins (of the oximino class) were superior to established compounds. activity against staphylococci was found to be highest for cefdinir, cefpro ... | 1990 | 2079378 |
| [reactions of different enterobacteriaceae and vibrionaceae species in brila-mug (fluorocult) bouillion]. | in order to test the usefulness of brila-mug (= fluorocult) medium (merck) for isolation and identification of total coliforms and faecal coliforms in surface water according to the ec guidelines for bathing waters a total of 969 strains of different enterobacteriaceae and vibrionaceae species was examined under different culture conditions. these included 486 e. coli (reference strains of o-groups 1-170, enterotoxin and verotoxin-producing strains), 149 salmonella (subspecies i-vi), 92 yersinia ... | 1990 | 2080970 |
| a comparison of the mechanisms of decreased susceptibility of aztreonam-resistant and ceftazidime-resistant enterobacteriaceae. | twenty five strains of enterobacteriaceae (five each of enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, serratia marcescens, morganella morganii and providencia stuartii) were exposed to aztreonam and ceftazidime at 1/2 and 1 x mic in liquid medium for 22 h, and also to 3, 5 and 10 x mic and 16 mg/l of each agent in agar. any putative mutant with an increase in the mic of greater than or equal to 4 fold was examined for beta-lactamase expression and outer membrane protein profile. mutants were selec ... | 1990 | 2081717 |
| antimicrobial activity and beta-lactamase stability of bmy-28232, parent compound of an oral cephalosporin. | bmy-28232, an aminothiazolyl imino methoxy cephalosporin which is available as an orally absorbed acetoxyethyl ester, inhibited strains of methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus, hemolytic streptococci, streptococcus pneumoniae, escherichia coli, klebsiella species, and many strains of proteus and providencia stuartii at concentrations less than 1 microgram/ml, including isolates resistant to cephalexin and cefaclor. it had activity similar to that of cefixime, but was more active against ... | 1990 | 2086221 |
| [susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to antimicrobial agents. a study mainly focused on imipenem. research group for testing imipenem susceptibility on clinical isolates]. | we investigated susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to imipenem (ipm) and other antimicrobial agents at 459 hospital laboratories throughout japan from september to december of 1988. in this study, identification and susceptibility testing were performed at each hospital laboratory and the tests were carried out according to the 1-dilution or 3-dilution disc technique in which susceptibilities are classified into 4 grades: , ++, + and -. ipm had significantly high activity against st ... | 1990 | 2086814 |
| induction of the citrobacter freundii group i beta-lactamase in escherichia coli is not dependent on entry of beta-lactam into the cytoplasm. | induction of the cloned ampc citrobacter freundii beta-lactamase in escherichia coli by 6-aminopenicillanic acid was prevented by periplasmic tem beta-lactamase in the same cell. in contrast, cytoplasmic tem beta-lactamase did not prevent induction. this result implies that entry of the beta-lactam into the cytoplasm is not necessary for induction of ampc. | 1990 | 2088200 |
| palindromic unit highly repetitive dna sequences exhibit species specificity within enterobacteriaceae. | palindromic units (pu, or rep for repetitive extragenic palindrome) constitute a family of dna sequences of 40 nucleotides which is highly repeated in the genome of escherichia coli. we analysed the presence of pu sequences in 99 different bacterial genomes by cross-hybridization. when pu sequences were used as a probe, only dna from enterobacteriaceae closely related to e. coli exhibited an appreciable hybridization signal: shigella sonnei, shigella boydii, salmonella enteritica serotype typhim ... | 1990 | 2092362 |
| combination of ofloxacin and other antimicrobial agents. | we evaluated the combination of ofloxacin with piperacillin, gentamicin, vancomycin, rifampin, clindamycin, and metronidazole by the checkerboard agar dilution method against 165 isolates which included escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter cloacae, serratia marcescens, pseudomonas aeruginosa, providencia stuartii, acinetobacter, staphylococcus aureus, bacteroides fragilis, and citrobacter perfringens. synergy of piperacillin-ofloxacin was demonstrated for 50% and 40% respectivel ... | 1990 | 2093103 |
| molecular genetic analysis of a factor produced by citrobacter freundii which immunologically cross-reacted with cholera toxin (ct) and heat-labile enterotoxin (lth). | | 1990 | 2101142 |
| role of the outer membrane for quinolone resistance in enterobacteria. | quinolone-resistant clones were selected from clinical escherichia coli, citrobacter freundii and serratia marcescens isolates in a frequency ranging from 10(-8) to 10(-6). the outer membrane proteins of quinolone-resistant e. coli clones remained unaltered, as was the case for 10 of 11 c. freundii and 4 of 11 s. marcescens clones ('nal b' type). there was no strong relation between alterations of outer membrane proteins and cross-resistance with chemically unrelated compounds such as tetracycli ... | 1990 | 2106416 |
| new screening test to determine the acceptability of 0.45-micron membrane filters for analysis of water. | during routine membrane filter (mf) quality control testing, irregularities such as partial or complete inhibition of microbial growth at grid lines, abnormal spreading of colonies, growth in or along the grid lines, nonwetting areas, poor colony sheen and metallic sheen on the mf surface with mendo agar, brittleness, decreased recovery, and severe wrinkling were observed with several lots of filters. to study these effects and to develop a more sensitive screening test for mf quality, we compar ... | 1990 | 2106827 |
| characteristics of aztreonam as a substrate, inhibitor and inducer for beta-lactamases. | aztreonam was investigated as to its characteristics as a substrate, inhibitor and inducer for the well-defined beta-lactamases of gram-negative bacteria, and its antibacterial efficacy as to bacterial cells producing eight types of beta-lactamases was also evaluated. aztreonam was hydrolyzed at measurable rates by class a beta-lactamases, a tem-2 type penicillinase and the proteus vulgaris cephalosporinase with a broad substrate range. however, the affinity of aztreonam for the class a enzymes ... | 1990 | 2112533 |
| extension of the substrate spectrum by an amino acid substitution at residue 219 in the citrobacter freundii cephalosporinase. | the cephalosporinase of citrobacter freundii gn346 is a class c beta-lactamase, consisting of 361 amino acids and exhibiting the substrate profile of a typical cephalosporinase. on the conversion of a conserved glutamic acid at residue 219 to lysine, the substrate spectrum of the cephalosporinase was extended to oxyimino cephalosporins, aztreonam and carbenicillin, which are essentially undesirable substrates for the enzyme. escherichia coli cells carrying the mutant gene showed higher resistanc ... | 1990 | 2115867 |
| an oligosaccharide-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine against type iii group b streptococcus. | we have developed an oligosaccharide-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine against type iii group b streptococcus. purified group b streptococcal type iii capsular polysaccharide was depolymerized by enzymatic digestion using endo-beta-galactosidase produced by citrobacter freundii. following enzymatic digestion, oligosaccharides were fractionated by gel filtration chromatography on sephadex g-75. an oligosaccharide pool of average mr = 14,500 (corresponding to 13.6 repeating units of the type iii po ... | 1990 | 2120228 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1987). i. susceptibility distribution]. | since 1979, ikemoto et al. have been retrospectively surveying the sensitivity of major species of bacteria isolated from patients with urinary tract infections to various antibacterial agents and antibiotics. their findings for the past year are reported below. a total of 825 clinical strains of bacteria was investigated. of this total, gram-positive bacteria accounted for 28.0% (231 strains) and gram-negative bacteria for 72.0% (594 strains). taxonomically, escherichia coli accounted for 34.7% ... | 1990 | 2122040 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1987). iii. secular changes in susceptibility]. | sensitivity spectra of major species of bacteria (namely escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., proteus spp., citrobacter spp., enterobacter spp., serratia marcescens and pseudomonas aeruginosa) which were among the clinical isolates mentioned in the first and second reports to various antibacterial and antibiotic agents and time courses of the spectra are reported below. 1. e. coli was sensitive to cefmenoxime (cmx), latamoxef (lmox), ceftazidime (caz), cefzonam (czon) and flomoxef (fmox) which are ... | 1990 | 2122041 |
| [susceptibility and r plasmids conjugation tests for 44 strains of gram negative bacilli in a burn unit]. | 44 strains of 9 species gram negative bacilli were isolated and identified in a burn unit, among them 25 strains were from patients and 19 from ward environment. all strains were tested for susceptibility to antibiotics and r plasmids. using both agar dilution and disc diffusion methods to test susceptibility to 12 kinds of antibiotics, namely, streptomycin chloramphenicol, tetracycline, ampicillin, kanamycin, gentamycin, nalidixic acid, amikacin rifampin, carbenicillin, cefazolin and polymyxin, ... | 1990 | 2125853 |
| beta-lactamase in gram-negative rods: the relationship between penicillinase and r plasmids in gram-negative rods. | concomitant with the extensive use of antibiotics, the number of multiple antibiotic-resistant strains has been increasing. since resistance is mainly mediated by r plasmids, we undertook to investigate the characteristics of r plasmid-determined beta-lactamase in 6 gram-negative rods. the beta-lactamase produced by each organism was classified by its substrate: type p which attacks penicillins, type c which attacks cephalosporins, and type c/p which attacks both penicillins and cephalosporins. ... | 1990 | 2126540 |
| in vitro activity of sparfloxacin (ci-978; at-4140) against clinical isolates from cancer patients. | the in vitro activity of sparfloxacin, a new quinolone, was compared with those of ciprofloxacin and fleroxacin against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, greater than 90% of which were isolated from blood culture specimens of cancer patients. sparfloxacin was extremely active against acinetobacter species, aeromonas hydrophila, citrobacter diversus, enterobacter species, escherichia coli, klebsiella species, proteus vulgaris, and serratia marcescens (inhibiting greater than 90% of these ... | 1990 | 2127348 |
| neonatal citrobacter sepsis: clinical and epidemiological aspects. | fourteen neonates were diagnosed to have citrobacter sepsis during 1986-89, representing 4.6% of all cases with bacteriologically proven sepsis. most of these infants were low birth weight (mean 2046 gm, +/- 750) and preterm (mean 34.8 weeks, +/- 3.8). mean age at onset of sepsis was five days. in 10 cases the hematological profile was suggestive of sepsis. infants had clinical evidence of multisystem infection; 2 with septic arthritis and 3 meningitis. the case fatality rate was 61%. resistance ... | 1990 | 2131309 |
| actinide and lanthanum toxicity towards a citrobacter sp.: uptake of lanthanum and a strategy for the biological treatment of liquid wastes containing plutonium. | | 1990 | 2157506 |
| interactions of tazobactam and clavulanate with inducibly- and constitutively-expressed class i beta-lactamases. | clavulanate and tazobactam (ytr 830) were tested as inhibitors and inducers of the ampc-type class i beta-lactamases of pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, serratia marcescens, morganella morganii and the ic beta-lactamase of proteus vulgaris. both clavulanate and tazobactam inhibited the pr. vulgaris class ic beta-lactamase and potentiated ticarcillin and piperacillin against beta-lactamase derepressed variants of this species. tazobactam, but not clavulanate, al ... | 1990 | 2158496 |
| in vitro effect of ytr (tazobactam) on plasmid and chromosomally mediated beta-lactamases. | the effect of tazobactam on the piperacillin susceptibility and on the beta-lactamase activity of different strains and species was evaluated. a synergistic effect was observed on the piperacillin susceptibility for all microorganisms tested, irrespective of the type and/or amount of beta-lactamase produced. addition of gentamicin resulted in a further reduction of the piperacillin mic. the enzyme activity after induction with piperacillin alone or in combination with tazobactam (4 mg/l) was qui ... | 1990 | 2159864 |
| [transpon tn5 mutagenesis in citrobacter]. | when e. coli 1830/pjb4ji mating with four citrobacter strains all were kanamycin resistant, but a majority of kanrgens transconjugants were obtained from c-3-1. among 3000 kanrgens 21 were auxotrophs, these are lys-(1), ura-(1), arg-(2), iso-(2), his-(2), met-(1), phe-(1), tyr-(1), ser-(1), thr-(1), leu-(3), pro-(1), ade-(3), lac-(1), pjb4ji plasmid dna were detected in parent strain e. coli 1830, but not in auxotrophs strains which carrying tn5 induced mutations. twenty auxotrophs chromosome dn ... | 1990 | 2163139 |
| in vitro activity of cefonicid compared to other antibiotics against clinical bacterial isolates. | the in vitro activity of cefonicid compared to that of other antibiotics has been evaluated against 401 enterobacteriaceae, 20 h. influenzae, 17 branhamella catarrhalis and 71 staphylococci. cefonicid was always more active than cefazolin, and usually more active than cefamandole and cefuroxime against susceptible gram-negative organisms (e. coli, p. mirabilis, klebsiella, shigella, salmonella, h. influenzae). cefonicid was ineffective against most strains of enterobacter, citrobacter, s. marces ... | 1990 | 2164309 |
| the in-vitro activity of piperacillin/tazobactam, ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime and imipenem against multiple resistant gram-negative bacteria. | one hundred and fifty gram-negative bacterial strains including respiratory pathogens, such as haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis, and enterobacteriaceae with known resistance to beta-lactam and other antibiotics were tested in vitro for sensitivity to piperacillin, piperacillin/tazobactam (ratio 8:1), ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin and imipenem. a 16-fold or greater reduction in the mic90 of piperacillin was achieved by the addition of tazobactam, in the respiratory pathogens, thus ... | 1990 | 2164513 |
| antibacterial activity of piperacillin and tazobactam against beta-lactamase-producing clinical isolates. | the effectiveness of a combination of the recently developed penam sulphone tazobactam with piperacillin was studied in clinical isolates with defined beta-lactamase production. the combination was highly effective against piperacillin-resistant beta-lactamase-producing staphylococcus aureus, tem-1-producing escherichia coli and proteus vulgaris isolates. it was less effective against e. coli isolates producing the oxa-1 enzyme and marginally active against tem-1-producing klebsiella spp. isolat ... | 1990 | 2170081 |
| genetic analysis of escherichia coli urease genes: evidence for two distinct loci. | studies with two uropathogenic urease-producing escherichia coli strains, 1021 and 1440, indicated that the urease genes of each are distinct. recombinant plasmids encoding urease activity from e. coli 1021 and 1440 differed in their restriction endonuclease cleavage sites and showed minimal dna hybridization under stringent conditions. the polypeptides encoded by the dna fragments containing the 1021 and 1440 urease loci differed in electrophoretic mobility under reducing conditions. regulation ... | 1990 | 2174868 |
| aztreonam susceptibility testing. a retrospective analysis. | aztreonam is a structurally and immunologically unique beta-lactam antibiotic with activity exclusively against aerobic gram-negative micro-organisms. between 1983 and 1988, its antimicrobial spectrum was evaluated against more than 5,800 fresh clinical isolates at a 300-bed community teaching hospital. only 1.1 percent of enterobacteriaceae isolates were resistant to aztreonam over the five-year study period, an incidence similar to that observed with aminoglycoside antibiotics. aztreonam was f ... | 1990 | 2180295 |
| serious pediatric infections. | third-generation cephalosporins are important additions to the range of antibiotics available for treating children with serious bacterial infections. they are highly active against the common pathogens, which cause bacterial meningitis in children. strains of haemophilus influenzae type b resistant to both ampicillin and chloramphenicol, and streptococcus pneumoniae relatively resistant to penicillin remain susceptible to cefotaxime and ceftriaxone. escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, citr ... | 1990 | 2183605 |
| double-blind study of endotracheal tobramycin in the treatment of gram-negative bacterial pneumonia. the endotracheal tobramycin study group. | a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted to determine the safety and efficacy of endotracheal tobramycin (ett) for treatment of gram-negative bacterial pneumonia. patients were randomized to either 40 mg of tobramycin or a placebo instilled endotracheally every 8 h. patients also received intravenous tobramycin plus either cefazolin or piperacillin. of 85 patients enrolled, 41 were assessable. most microbiologic diagnoses were made by endotracheal aspiration with stric ... | 1990 | 2183716 |
| conjugational cotransfer of incfi and inci conjugative plasmids forming aggregate in a pathogenic citrobacter freundii strain. | two plasmids, pem4 (incfi) determining virulence and pem6 (inci) determining colicine i production and resistance to tetracycline, have been found in a pathogenic strain of citrobacter freundii. even though pem4 and pem6 plasmids are conjugative and transfer themselves very efficiently during conjugation, a high cotransfer of both plasmids is observed--an unusually high fraction of transconjugants acquiring pem6 acquires pem4 and vice versa. the observed cotransfer of these plasmids is connected ... | 1990 | 2185130 |
| production of escherichia coli-specific hybridomas by using gnotobiotic mice. | monoclonal antibodies provide a rapid and specific means of direct detection of microorganisms in water and food samples. however, monoclonal antibodies specific for some bacteria are difficult to obtain; a good example of such a bacterium is escherichia coli. gnotobiotic balb/c mice immunized with whole-cell preparations of heat-treated strains of e. coli and subjected to high-frequency antigen injection showed a significant increase in the number of specific hybridomas produced. fusions obtain ... | 1990 | 2187413 |
| [transfer of resistance to the newer beta-lactam antibiotics in czechoslovakia]. | transmitted resistance to recent cephalosporin antibiotics of the third generation was first proved in 1983 by the authors. approximately five years later the authors revealed during systematic monitoring of bacterial strains resistant to cephtazidime, cephtriaxone and cephotaxim also transmitted resistance to these and other more recent beta-lactam antibiotics in czechoslovakia. the authors advocate rational use of new cephalosporins and other beta-lactams (e. g. aztreonam) as reserve antibioti ... | 1990 | 2187617 |
| [the problems of microbial indication of water quality]. | in three experimental series the reliability of contemporary microbial indicators has been verified. it was shown that about 30% colonies growing on the endomedium belongs not to family enterobacteriaceae. the share of the so-called faecal coliforms growing at 44 degrees c is 54.6%. in comparison with the initial cultivations at the second passage this part increasing at about 126%. in waters of various quality is the viability of e. coli the smallest. also on the mc conkey medium at 44 degrees ... | 1990 | 2190569 |
| the isolation of salmonellae from poultry environmental samples by several enrichment procedures using plating media with and without novobiocin. | a two-part study was conducted to examine the efficacy of several enrichment-broth techniques and of plating media for detecting salmonellae from poultry environmental samples. the data are reported on pooled samples collected from five poultry houses. the samples were cultured for salmonellae, using up to four different enrichment procedures and employing plating media with and without novobiocin. the primary enrichment-broth procedures were: 1) buffered peptone water preenrichment to hajna's t ... | 1990 | 2195483 |
| production of shiga-like toxin among escherichia coli strains and other bacteria isolated from diarrhea in são paulo, brazil. | an elevated level of shiga-like toxin i (slt-i) production was found in 1 of 466 escherichia coli strains studied. among the 34 sonic lysates obtained from classical enteropathogenic e. coli, 5 produced slt-i. the aeromonas, citrobacter, edwardsiella, enterobacter, klebsiella, proteus, providencia, pseudomonas, salmonella, serratia, shigella, yersinia, and vibrio strains also studied were not slt producers, except for a shigella dysenteriae type 1 strain. although slt-i-producing e. coli strains ... | 1990 | 2199511 |
| characterization of enterobacteria by esterase specific-activity profiles. | the spectrum of specific activities and the electrophoretic mobilities of esterases produced by 550 strains of enterobacteriaceae belonging to 36 species and subclassified into six groups (group 1, escherichia coli, shigella and escherichia hermanii; group 2, genus salmonella and genus citrobacter; group 3, genus klebsiella and genus enterobacter; group 4, genus serratia and serratia fonticola; group 5, genus proteus, genus providencia and genus morganella; and group 6, genus yersinia) were anal ... | 1990 | 2202780 |
| in vitro antibacterial activity and beta-lactamase stability of the new carbapenem ljc10,627. | in in vitro susceptibility tests the new carbapenem ljc10,627 showed potent antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, except that most methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus strains tested were found to be resistant to ljc10,627. ljc10,627 showed high activity against pseudomonas aeruginosa and was active against enterobacter cloacae and citrobacter freundii strains which were resistant to ceftazidime and cefpirome. the ki values of ljc10,627 for penicillinase ... | 1990 | 2209630 |
| infection with bacterial enteropathogens in swedish travellers to south-east asia--a prospective study. | infection with potential bacterial enteropathogens was studied prospectively in 94 swedish travellers. three faecal samples were collected, regardless of diarrhoeal symptoms, after each of three 1-week stays in singapore, hong kong and japan. the specimens were analyzed for salmonella, shigella, yersinia, campylobacter and different enterotoxin-producing bacteria. a potential enteropathogen was identified in 30% (28/94) of the participants, i.e. in 26% of the healthy and in 39% of the travellers ... | 1990 | 2209737 |
| hemolysin as a marker for serratia. | all serratia marcescens strains (total of 33) of different sources were hemolytic including clinical strains previously classified as being nonhemolytic. dna fragments of the two hemolysin genes hybridized with the chromosomal dna of s. marcescens, s. liquefaciens, s. kiliensis, s. grimesii, s. proteamaculans, s. plymutica, s. rubridaea which were also hemolytic. the restriction pattern of the hemolysin locus differed in each strain. s. ficaria and s. marinorubra expressed a different hemolysin ... | 1990 | 2222120 |
| in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of the new oral cephalosporin bay v 3522. | the activity of the new oral cephalosporin bay v 3522 was compared to that of six other beta-lactam agents. bay v 3522 inhibited methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis at less than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml, compared to mics of greater than or equal to 8 micrograms/ml for the other cephalosporins tested. it was more active against streptococcus pyogenes (mic less than or equal to 0.06 microgram/ml) than cefuroxime, cefixime, cephalexin and cefaclor. groups ... | 1990 | 2226499 |
| function of the conserved triad residues in the class c beta-lactamase from citrobacter freundii gn346. | the conserved ktg triad in the class c beta-lactamase from citrobacter freundii gn346 was examined as to its function by means of site-directed mutagenesis. the following conversions were performed; lys-315 to arginine, alanine or glutamic acid, thr-316 to valine, and gly-317 to alanine, proline or isoleucine. the resultant mutant enzymes revealed that a basic amino acid at position 315 and a small uncharged residue at position 317 are essential for the enzyme activity, but a hydroxyl group at r ... | 1990 | 2226810 |
| nucleotide sequence of the serratia marcescens sr50 chromosomal ampc beta-lactamase gene. | the serratia marcescens sr50 chromosomal beta-lactamase gene (ampc) was cloned and sequenced. it contains 1128 nucleotides encoding a protein of 355 amino acids preceded by 21 amino acids which probably constitutes the signal peptide. the mature protein has a predicted molecular mass of 38,901 da. about 40% of the amino acid sequence was identical among ampc beta-lactamases resided in s. marcescens, citrobacter freundii os60, escherichia coli k12 and enterobacter cloacae p99. all of these enzyme ... | 1990 | 2227364 |
| in-vitro antibacterial activity of dq-2556 and its stability to various beta-lactamases. | dq-2556, a new cephalosporin, showed a broad antibacterial spectrum over gram-positive and -negative organisms. the activity of dq-2556 against recent clinical isolates of gram-positive cocci and enterobacteriaceae was comparable with that of cefpirome, and superior to that of ceftazidime. dq-2556 was almost as active as cefpirome against pseudomonas aeruginosa, but was less active than ceftazidime. with the exception of ps. aeruginosa, dq-2556 was bactericidal against various organisms at eithe ... | 1990 | 2228824 |
| aerobic bacteria cultured from the mouth of the american opossum (didelphis virginiana) with reference to bacteria associated with bite infections. | the american opossum inflicts bite injuries both when hunted for food and when accidentally provoked when handled in captivity. this study involved aerobically culturing organisms from the mouths of seven wild opossums (didelphis virginiana). isolates included streptococci, coagulase-positive and -negative staphylococci, aeromonas spp., citrobacter freundii, eikenella corrodens, and escherichia coli. | 1990 | 2229365 |
| homology among bacterial catalase genes. | catalase activities in crude extracts of exponential and stationary phase cultures of various bacteria were visualized following gel electrophoresis for comparison with the enzymes from escherichia coli. citrobacter freundii, edwardsiella tarda, enterobacter aerogenes, klebsiella pneumoniae, and salmonella typhimurium exhibited patterns of catalase activity similar to e. coli, including bifunctional hpi-like bands and a monofunctional hpii-like band. proteus mirabilis, erwinia carotovora, and se ... | 1990 | 2253114 |
| circulation in italy of beta-lactamase-producing strains within the major groups of bacterial pathogens. | a multicenter study was undertaken in italy to assess the circulation of beta-lactamase-producing organisms and their current incidence within the major groups of bacterial pathogens. almost four thousand strains, all freshly isolated from clinical material, were examined at four centers serving different areas of italy. despite some significant center-to-center differences, this survey documented the occurrence of a large overall circulation of beta-lactamase-producing organisms among clinical ... | 1990 | 2253734 |
| pefloxacin efficacy in gram-negative bacillary meningitis. | sixteen patients with acute meningitis caused by gram-negative bacteria were treated with pefloxacin intravenously. the age range of the patient group was six months to 85 years with a mean age of 40 years; three patients were children. in all but two patients meningitis was a complication of neurosurgical operations and fourteen of the sixteen had received prior therapy which was not successful. the causative organisms were: pseudomonas aeruginosa (5), acinetobacter calcoaceticus (4), klebsiell ... | 1990 | 2258348 |
| antibody coated bacteria in urine of patients with recent spinal injury. | twenty patients with an acute spinal injury were prospectively studied to assess the clinical importance of antibody coated bacteria (acb) in the urine and the association among the different bacterial species with a positive antibody coated bacteria test. clinical urinary tract infection was associated with a positive acb test on 45% of occasions. three hundred and ninety nine urine samples containing 541 bacterial isolates were assessed for the presence of acb; 13% were found to be positive an ... | 1990 | 2262569 |
| [clinical laboratory approach to estimate effective administrative dose of minocyclin. reevaluation of in vitro mic break points in disc susceptibility test]. | antimicrobial activities of minocycline (mino) against various clinical isolates, 270 strains obtained in 1988, were determined and the reliability of the mino disc susceptibility test in estimating approximate values of mics was studied. clinical significance of a 4 category system for the interpretation of the disc tests, which is widely used in japan, and that of a 3 category system used in the usa and europe, were also evaluated to determine which system would be more suitable for the evalua ... | 1990 | 2262962 |
| cefotaxime and aminoglycoside treatment of meningitis caused by gram-negative enteric organisms. | we reviewed cases of gram-negative enteric bacillary meningitis in infants and children treated with cefotaxime at texas children's hospital from january, 1984, through june, 1989. seventeen of 20 children had an underlying condition predisposing to the development of meningitis. the etiologic organisms in these 20 children (2 days to 12 years old; median, 12 days old) were klebsiella sp, 9; escherichia coli, 4; enterobacter cloacae, 3; citrobacter diversus, 2; other, 2. with the exception of on ... | 1990 | 2263430 |
| in vitro activity of hre 664, a penem antibiotic. | hre 664, a new penem antibiotic, inhibited 90% of escherichia coli, klebsiella, citrobacter diversus, proteus mirabilis, proteus vulgaris, salmonella, shigella, providencia, aeromonas, and morganella at less than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml but was considerably less active than cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and imipenem. it did not inhibit pseudomonas aeruginosa (mic greater than 128 micrograms/ml). hre 664 inhibited enterobacter spp., citrobacter freundii, and serratia marcescens at 1-8 micrograms/m ... | 1990 | 2279381 |
| antibiotic resistance among coliform bacteria isolated from carcasses of commercially slaughtered chickens. | a total of 322 coliform bacteria escherichia coli, enterobacter spp., citrobacter spp., klebsiella spp. and serratia spp., were isolated from 50 carcasses of commercially slaughtered chickens. their resistance to ampicillin, tetracycline, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, cephalotine, cotrimoxazole, nalidixic acid and nitrofurantoin, were determined. the most commonly found resistance was to tetracycline followed by cephalotine, cotrimoxazole and nalidixic acid. a large percentage of e. coli (41%) an ... | 1990 | 2282290 |
| the role of microorganisms in psoriasis. | the microflora of 297 psoriasis patients was extensively examined. throat, urine, and skin surfaces from scalp, ears, chest, face, axillary, submammary, umbilical, upper back, inguinal crease, gluteal-fold, perirectal, vaginal, pubis, penis, scrotal, leg, hands, feet, finger, and toenail areas were cultured for aerobic bacteria, yeast, and dermatophytes. antibody levels to streptococcal enzymes were performed (streptolysin-o, dnase-b, hyaluronidase, streptozyme). giemsa smears and koh preparatio ... | 1990 | 2285571 |
| [susceptibility of clinically isolated bacterial strains to imipenem/cilastatin sodium]. | in vitro antibacterial activities of imipenem/cilastatin sodium (imipenem) and other beta-lactams against clinically isolated 353 bacterial strains were investigated. the results obtained in this study are summarized as follows: 1. imipenem (ipm) showed potent antibacterial activities against gram-positive cocci such as staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, enterococcus faecalis, streptococcus agalactiae. 2. ipm had inferior or equivalent antibacterial activities to beta-lactams aga ... | 1990 | 2287059 |
| [susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to antimicrobial agents. a study mainly focused on imipenem. reported by the research group for testing imipenem susceptibility on clinical isolates]. | this study was conducted to investigate susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to imipenem (ipm) and other antibacterial agents at 64 hospital laboratories throughout japan from september to december of 1988. in this study, identification and susceptibility testing were carried out at each laboratory and the tests were performed according to the disk dilution method recommended by nccls in which susceptibilities are classified into "s", "ms", "i" and "r". ipm showed markedly high in vit ... | 1990 | 2287060 |
| in vitro activity against clinically important gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria of sulbactam, alone and in combination with ampicillin, cefotaxime, mezlocillin, and piperacillin. | the in vitro effects of the single agents, and the synergistic/antagonistic action of three different combinations of ampicillin (amp, cas 69-53-4), cefotaxime (ctx, cas 63527-52-6), mezlocillin (mez, cas 51481-65-3), and piperacillin (pip, cas 61477-96-1) with the beta-lactamase inhibitor sulbactam (sul, cas 68373-14-8) were determined against 675 gram-positive and gram-negative, both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. all the combinations of sulbactam and the antibiotics (1: 1, 1:2 and 1:4) exhib ... | 1990 | 2291754 |
| in-vitro activity of cefpodoxime against 1834 isolates from domiciliary infections at 20 uk centres. | a total of 1834 non-copy, general practice or outpatient isolates were collected by 20 hospital laboratories within the british isles, and identified and tested for susceptibility to nine antimicrobial agents available by oral administration at one centre. against enterobacteriaceae cefpodoxime was the most active beta-lactam agent tested, the mic90s being: for escherichia coli 1.0 mg/l, for proteus mirabilis 1.0 mg/l, for citrobacter spp. 2.0 mg/l, and for enterobacter spp., serratia spp., morg ... | 1990 | 2292533 |
| evolution of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis and application to the fine-tuned phylogenetic positioning of enteric bacteria. | a comprehensive phylogenetic tree for virtually the entire assemblage of enteric bacteria is presented. character states of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis are used as criteria, and the results are compared with partial trees based upon sequencing of 16s rrna, 5s rrna, and tryptophan leader peptide. three major clusters are apparent. enterocluster 1 possesses a gene fusion (trpg-trpd) encoding anthranilate synthase: anthranilate 5-phosphoribosylpyrophosphate phosphoribosyltransferase of tryptop ... | 1990 | 2298692 |
| refined crystal structure of beta-lactamase from citrobacter freundii indicates a mechanism for beta-lactam hydrolysis. | beta-lactamases (ec 3.5.2.6, 'penicillinases') are a family of enzymes that protect bacteria against the lethal effects of cell-wall synthesis of penicillins, cephalosporins and related antibiotic agents, by hydrolysing the beta-lactam antibiotics to biologically inactive compounds. their production can, therefore, greatly contribute to the clinical problem of antibiotic resistance. three classes of beta-lactamases--a, b and c--have been identified on the basis of their amino-acid sequence; clas ... | 1990 | 2300174 |
| diverse potential of beta-lactamase inhibitors to induce class i enzymes. | the ability of various beta-lactamase inhibitors to induce class i beta-lactamases was assessed. clavulanate was the most active compound, inducing morganella morganii, aeromonas caviae, and enterobacter aerogenes over a broad concentration range and citrobacter freundii, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and serratia marcescens at high concentrations. disk approximation tests paralleled these results, with clavulanate, but not sulbactam or tazobactam, antagonizing the activity of several beta-lactams aga ... | 1990 | 2327752 |
| in vitro activity of ro 23-9424, a dual-action cephalosporin, compared with activities of other antibiotics. | the in vitro activity of ro 23-9424, which is desacetyl-cefotaxime linked to fleroxacin, was compared with the activities of cefotaxime, desacetyl-cefotaxime, fleroxacin, ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin. it inhibited the majority of members of the family enterobacteriaceae, except for some serratia marcescens, citrobacter freundii, and enterobacter cloacae strains, at less than or equal to 0.25 microgram/ml and had an mic for 90% of strains tested (mic90) of 8 micrograms/ml against pseudomonas aeru ... | 1990 | 2327765 |
| molecular epidemiology of tem-3 (ctx-1) beta-lactamase. | a total of 33 clinical isolates encoding tem-3 (ctx-1) from four french hospitals were studied. the strains belonged to seven species, klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 24), escherichia coli (n = 3), serratia marcescens (n = 2), citrobacter freundii (n = 1), enterobacter aerogenes (n = 1), enterobacter cloacae (n = 1), and klebsiella oxytoca (n = 1). all the strains harbored an inc7 or m self-transferable plasmid with a size of approximately 85 kilobases. the plasmids had closely related ecori, hincii, ... | 1990 | 2327769 |
| the in-vitro activity of ceftibuten against 475 clinical isolates of gram-negative bacilli, compared with cefuroxime and cefadroxil. | the in-vitro activity of ceftibuten was compared with cefuroxime and cefadroxil against 475 clinically-significant, epidemiologically-distinct isolates of gram-negative bacilli: 170 from blood, 212 from urine and 93 from a supplementary collection of multiply-resistant strains known to have resistance plasmids, to have caused sporadic or epidemic nosocomial infection, or both. ceftibuten mics ranged from 0.003 to greater than 32 mg/l, with a modal mic of 0.01 mg/l: 95% of all isolates had ceftib ... | 1990 | 2329100 |
| citrobacter diversus lung abscess in a preterm infant. | | 1990 | 2336304 |
| citrobacter freundii: a newly reported cause of pyomyositis. | pyomyositis has been uncommonly reported in temperature climates, but is being recognized with increasing frequency. the most common etiologic agent is staphylococcus aureus, although other pathogens have been rarely implicated. the authors describe the first case of pyomyositis caused by citrobacter freundii. because of the rarity of this disease in north america, it is often initially misdiagnosed. neuromuscular sonography, a non-invasive imaging technique, identified the muscle abscess in thi ... | 1990 | 2337124 |
| broad spectrum beta-lactamases of citrobacter diversus. | citrobacter diversus nf85 produced a chromosomal beta-lactamase that was induced by a variety of beta-lactam antibiotics. two major forms of the enzyme, with isoelectric points (pi's) of 5.7 and 6.2, were found in crude cell extracts. derepressed mutants of nf85, generated by nitrosoguanidine treatment, displayed different levels of beta-lactamase expression to the parent strain and had different patterns of resistance to a range of beta-lactam antibiotics. those mutants of nf85 that were totall ... | 1990 | 2338412 |
| dysgonic fermenter 3-associated abscess in a diabetic patient. | we report a case in which a strain of the u.s.a. centers for disease control (cdc) dysgonic fermenter (df) 3, together with citrobacter freundii, was isolated from an abscess in a diabetic patient. df 3 may be easily overlooked due to its fastidious nature, a characteristic shared with two former df groups now placed in the genus capnocytophaga. to our knowledge, this is the first european case report of df 3-associated infection. | 1990 | 2341734 |
| in vitro and in vivo activities of a new quinolone, win 57273, possessing potent activity against gram-positive bacteria. | the antibacterial activity of a new 7-dimethylpyridinyl quinolone, win 57273, was assessed by using in vitro and in vivo models. agar inclusion and broth dilution in vitro tests revealed broad-spectrum activity against gram-positive and selected gram-negative organisms, with the greatest potency observed against the staphylococci. the mic for 90% of coagulase-positive strains tested (mic90) was less than or equal to 0.002 micrograms/ml; for the coagulase-negative strains the mic90 was 0.008 micr ... | 1990 | 2344163 |
| effects of room-temperature exposure on bacterial growth in stored red cells. | experiments were performed to determine the effect of room-temperature (rt) exposure on the growth rates of selected bacteria by deliberate contamination of as-1 packed red cell (rbc) units contained in pl146 plastic bags. isolates of staphylococcus aureus, s. epidermidis, streptococcus faecalis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, citrobacter freundii, enterobacter agglomerans, and yersinia enterocolitica were inoculated into 3- to 5-day-old packed rbc units. the units were refrigerated at 4 to 6 degrees c ... | 1990 | 2349628 |
| [effect of rokitamycin on bacterial flora in human feces]. | rokitamycin, a newly developed macrolide antibiotic was orally administered to 7 healthy male volunteers (22-25 years) for 7 consecutive days to study changes in bacterial flora and concentrations of the drug in feces, and to observe adverse reactions and laboratory test parameters. a dose of 200 mg (2 tablets: 100 mg/tablet) was given 3 times daily before meals and the fecal studies were done on the 5 days before administration (adm.) [b.a.], at the time of administration (0), and the 3rd, 5th, ... | 1990 | 2362352 |
| [solid-state stability and preformulation study of a new parenteral cephalosporin antibiotics (e1040)]. | in designing the dosage form, one major factor controlling their physicochemical properties is solid forms of the drug powder. the method for improving the physicochemical stability of unstable beta-lactam antibiotics is very important. e1040 is a novel parenteral 3-betaine type cephalosporin which has a broad antibacterial spectrum and potent activities against citrobacter, freundii, enterobacter cloacase, and glucose-non-fermentative bacteria, including p. aeruginosa. the present study was int ... | 1990 | 2374092 |
| structure of the heptose-3-deoxyoctulosonic acid region of citrobacter lipopolysaccharide core. | | 1990 | 2379197 |
| [microcin r51 and a plasmid determining its synthesis]. | a new microcin produced by an citrobacter r51 strain has been detected. this antibiotic has been shown to inhibit the growth of a number of gram-negative as well as gram-positive strains of bacteria on the minimal medium plates. the properties of partially purified microcin were characterized. constitutive synthesis of microcin is determined by a conjugative plasmid. the genes of microcin synthesis and immunity were cloned on a plasmid and plasmid vehicles. a physical map of the 12 kb fragment c ... | 1990 | 2381438 |
| isolation of a citrobacter species able to grow on malonate under strictly anaerobic conditions. | an anaerobic enrichment from lake mud yielded a pure culture of a facultatively anaerobic bacterium able to grow on malonate under strictly anaerobic conditions. strain 16mal1 was identified as a member of the family enterobacteriaceae, and assigned to the genus citrobacter on the basis of morphological, metabolic and biochemical characteristics. malonate was fermented under strictly anaerobic (sulphide-reduced) conditions to acetate and co2 concomitant with growth. a maximum growth rate of 1.88 ... | 1990 | 2384742 |
| direct introduction of a formamido group into the 7 alpha (6 alpha)-position of cephalosporins (penicillins). | a novel direct introduction of a formamido group into the 7 alpha (6 alpha)-position of cephalosporins (penicillins) was achieved by treatment of 7 beta (6 beta)-[(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-oxo-2,5-cyclohexadien-1- ylidene)methylimino]cephem (penam) esters with n,n-bis(trimethylsilyl)formamide, followed by deblocking with girard reagent t to give the corresponding 7 alpha (6 alpha)-formamido-7 beta (6 beta)-amino derivatives. three 7 alpha-formamidocephalosporins were prepared by the conventional n-ac ... | 1990 | 2387776 |
| urethane-hydrolyzing enzyme from citrobacter sp. | urethane, a cancer-causing chemical, was reported to contaminate alcoholic beverages such as whisky, liquor, wine and sake. enzymatic removal of urethane would be a possible approach to remove this potentially hazardous chemical from alcoholic beverages. we found that citrobacter sp. isolated from mouse feces stoichiometrically decomposed urethane to ethanol and ammonia. we named this enzyme "urethanase." partially purified urethanase could hydrolyze several carbamates and some amides. however, ... | 1990 | 2393957 |
| genotypic heterogeneity of strains of citrobacter diversus expressing a 32-kilodalton outer membrane protein associated with neonatal meningitis. | genetic diversity and relationships among 42 strains of citrobacter diversus recovered from the cerebrospinal fluid of human infants with meningitis and from other clinical sources in the united states were estimated on the basis of electrophoretically detectable allelic variation in 20 genes encoding metabolic enzymes. sixteen distinctive multilocus enzyme genotypes were identified, among which the mean genetic diversity per locus was 0.244. the recovery of isolates of the same genotype in seve ... | 1990 | 2394801 |
| comparison of the exoproducts of gram-negative bacteria by sds-page. | the protein exoproducts released during exponential growth of gram-negative bacteria were analysed and compared by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). the following bacterial strains were tested: escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, citrobacter freundii, enterobacter cloacae, serratia liquefaciens, serratia rubidaea, proteus mirabilis, proteus vulgaris, salmonella minnesota, pseudomonas aeruginosa and pseudomonas fluorescens. it is demonstrated by sds-page t ... | 1985 | 2408403 |
| [protective action of a corpuscular polyvalent pseudomonas aeruginosa vaccine against representative enterobacteria]. | animal experiments have demonstrated that p. aeruginosa vaccine is capable of protecting animals from experimental p. aeruginosa infection, as well as rendering a protective effect with respect to some representatives of the family enterobacteriaceae. the comparative study of the antigenic spectra of the vaccine strains and some representatives of enterobacteriaceae (enterobacter, serratia, citrobacter and klebsiella) has revealed no direct relationship between the degree of this protective effe ... | 1985 | 2409719 |
| [erythrocyte diagnostic agents for detecting bacterial antigens of the genus citrobacter]. | citrobacter antigenic and antibody erythrocyte diagnosticums, serogroups 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, 13, and 22, have been developed. tests with the use of these diagnosticums have proved to be highly sensitive and mainly group-specific. the antigen in the cellular form is best detected by means of the passive hemagglutination test and in the molecular form, by means of the neutralization test. the antibody-binding and agglutinating activities of strictly group-specific and cross-reacting o- ... | 1986 | 2429481 |
| properties of free and bound citrobacter freundii lipopolysaccharides. | culture medium content of free lipopolysaccharide (lps) components spontaneously released from a citrobacter freundii culture grown in minimum synthetic medium was determined during early (8-hr culture) and late (24-hr culture) phases of growth. as judged by limulus-lysate test, free lps occurred in the medium as early as after 8 hrs of incubation, i.e. at the beginning of log growth phase. as the culture continued to grow the lps amount released into culture medium kept rising, reaching 30% of ... | 1986 | 2433327 |
| failure of antisera to j5 and r595 rough mutants to reduce endotoxemic lethality. | rabbit antisera to j5 (rc) escherichia coli and r595 (re) salmonella minnesota rough mutants were selected for the highest content of hemagglutinating antibodies to their respective core glycolipids. despite titers of 1:2560 vs. j5 and 1:640 vs. r595 core glycolipids, the antisera failed to passively protect icr or cf-1 mice against lethality induced by endotoxins from a variety of wild-type, smooth enterobacteria: e. coli o111:b4, e. coli o127:b8, salmonella typhimurium, s. minnesota, and citro ... | 1988 | 2447200 |
| ribosomal-rna patterns of escherichia coli, salmonella typhimurium and related enterobacteriaceae. | rrna sequences are usually highly conserved among species. in enterobacteriaceae we have shown that salmonella typhimurium does not have an equivalent to the 23s rrna of escherichia coli but its 23s rrna is cleaved in vivo into two smaller species. this cleavage appears to be a result of a difference between the s. typhimurium and e. coli rrna sequences rather than to differences in ribonuclease activity. we have surveyed a wide range of enterobacteriaceae for the presence or absence of 23s rrna ... | 1988 | 2455809 |
| [the structure of o-specific polysaccharide chains of lipopolysaccharides from citrobacter 032 and salmonella arizonae 064 (arizona 29)]. | on the basis of acid hydrolysis, methylation, smith degradation, selective cleavage with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride, and 13c nmr analysis, the repeating unit of the o-specific polysaccharide of citrobacter o32 was concluded to have the following structure: (formula: see text). the repeating unit of the salmonella arizonae o64 o-specific polysaccharide has the same structure lacking the o-acetyl group. | 1988 | 2458736 |
| the structure of the o-specific polysaccharide chain from citrobacter o23-lipopolysaccharide. | the structure of citrobacter o23-specific polysaccharide has been shown by sugar and methylation analyses of the native and chemically degraded polysaccharide and by 1h- and 13c-n.m.r. spectroscopy to consist of the tetrasaccharide repeating-units: ----4)-alpha-d-man-(1----2)-alpha-d-man-(1----2)-beta-d-man- (1----3)-alpha-d-galnac-(1----, 80% of which are substituted by o-acetyl groups. | 1988 | 2463084 |
| the heterogeneity of lipopolysaccharides from citrobacter 023 serotype. | chemical studies on carbohydrate part of lipopolysaccharides isolated from citrobacter 87/57 and citrobacter 1556 strains (serotype 023) were carried out. lipopolysaccharides (lps) were hydrolyzed with 1% acetic acid and the carbohydrate material was fractionated on sephadex g-50 and bio-gel p-4 columns. all fractions obtained were subjected to chemical analysis by colorimetric methods and by gas-liquid chromatography. it was found that o-specific polysaccharide from lps 87/57 is composed of man ... | 1988 | 2467634 |