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distance between alleles as a determinant of linkage in natural transformation of acinetobacter calcoaceticus.cotransformation frequencies of 16, 39, 51, and 60% were observed when donor alleles were separated by distances of 9.2, 7.4, 6.3, and 5.1 kb, respectively, in donor acinetobacter calcoaceticus dna. a different and unexpected pattern was observed when the distance between recipient alleles was reduced from 9.2 to 5.1 kb. ligation of unlinked chromosomal dna fragments allowed them to be linked genetically through natural transformation.19957592360
degradation of propanil by bacterial isolates and mixed populations from a pristine lake.the microbial transformation rates of propanil, a commonly used herbicide, were investigated using water from a pristine lake in northeast georgia. microbial degradation rates were measured using natural water microflora, the natural water microflora amended with five bacterial species (aerobacter aerogenes, aeromonas hydrophila, acinetobacter calcoaceticus, proteus mirabilis, and aeromonas salmonicida) isolated from the same lake, and the five isolates individually. transformation rate constant ...19957874462
mixed meningitis: association of acinetobacter calcoaceticus var lwoffi and streptococcus faecium.we describe mixed bacterial meningitis in a young man due to acinetobacter calcoaceticus var lwoffi and streptococcus faecium. the combination of a calcoaceticus var lwoffi and s faecium as aetiology of mixed bacterial meningitis has not been previously reported. the patient recovered completely without neurologic sequelae on chloramphenicol and penicillin.19957596936
[analysis of 1116 strains of pathogens isolated from infected burn wounds].we report the analysis of 1,116 strains of pathogens isolated from infected burn wounds of 536 patients hospitalized from 1989 to 1991. from the 1,116 strains of pathogens, 39 species of aerobes and fungi were found, including 217 strains of staphylococcus aureus, 208 strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa and 119 strains of acinetobacter calcoaceticus. the positive rates of the above three bacteria were 19.4%, 18.6% and 10.6% respectively. some opportunistic pathogens, such as bacillus cercus, aeroc ...19957600434
novel bioemulsifiers from microorganisms for use in foods.the main objective of this study was to test the range of microorganisms for production of extracellular, high molecular weight emulsifiers for potential use in foods. a standard emulsification assay developed specifically for assessing food emulsifiers was used to examine 24 extracellular microbial products from bacteria, yeasts and algae. of the 24 products tested, nine had emulsification ability that was as good as and eight had emulsifying properties that were better than those of the common ...19957632394
comparison of ribotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis for molecular typing of acinetobacter isolates.seventy-three isolates of the acinetobacter calcoaceticus-acinetobacter baumannii complex, including 26 isolates from 10 hospital outbreaks, were typed by ribotyping with ecori and clai and by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) of genomic dna after digestion with apai. ribotyping with ecori distinguished 31 ribopatterns. digestion with clai generated another eight ribotypes. pfge, in contrast, identified 49 distinct patterns with seven variants. both methods detected all outbreak-related is ...19957542274
the in-vitro activity of cp 99,219, a new naphthyridone antimicrobial agent: a comparison with fluoroquinolone agents.the in-vitro activity of a new fluoroquinolone, cp 99,219 was compared with that of ciprofloxacin, du 6859, sparfloxacin and levofloxacin. cp 99,219 showed generally similar in-vitro activity to the other compounds tested against the enterobacteriaceae (mic90 of all agents < 0.5 mg/l except morganella morganii). it was found to be more active than ciprofloxacin, sparfloxacin and levofloxacin against the strains of acinetobacter calcoaceticus tested (mic90 1 mg/l). cp 99,219 was found to be four- ...19957559198
catm encodes a lysr-type transcriptional activator regulating catechol degradation in acinetobacter calcoaceticus.on the basis of the constitutive phenotypes of two catm mutants of acinetobacter calcoaceticus, the catm protein was proposed to repress expression of two different loci involved in catechol degradation, cata and catbcijfd (e. neidle, c. hartnett, and l. n. ornston, j. bacteriol. 171:5410-5421, 1989). in spite of its proposed negative role as a repressor, catm is similar in amino acid sequence to positive transcriptional activators of the lysr family. investigating this anomaly, we found that in ...19957592340
unusual ancestry of dehydratases associated with quinate catabolism in acinetobacter calcoaceticus.catabolism of quinate to protocatechuate requires the consecutive action of quinate dehydrogenase (quia), dehydroquinate dehydratase (quib), and dehydroshikimate dehyratase (quic), genes for catabolism of protocatechuate are encoded by the pca operon in the acinetobacter calcoaceticus chromosome. observations reported here demonstrate that a. calcoaceticus qui genes are clustered in the order quibcxa directly downstream from the pca operon. sequence comparisons indicate that quix encodes a porin ...19957592351
[the efficacy of sulbactam-ampicillin in a urinary infection due to acinetobacter calcoaceticus var. anitratus]. 19957475461
purification and characterization of acinetobacter calcoaceticus 4-hydroxybenzoate 3-hydroxylase after its overexpression in escherichia coli.4-hydroxybenzoate 3-hydroxylase [ec 1.14.13.2] from acinetobacter calcoaceticus was purified to homogeneity following the 40-fold overexpression of this gene (poba) in escherichia coli. overexpression was accomplished by placing the fola gene (encoding trimethoprim-resistant dihydrofolate reductase) directly downstream of the poba gene, and demanding growth of recombinants on elevated concentration of trimethoprim. presumably, the surviving variants have undergone a genetic alteration which allo ...19957490269
the glucose dehydrogenase-mediated energization of acinetobacter calcoaceticus as a tool for evaluating its susceptibility to, and defence against, hazardous chemicals.cells of acinetobacter calcoaceticus 69-v could be energized by glucose oxidation after the growth on acetate, ethanol, hexanol and benzoate. the velocities of glucose oxidation-driven atp syntheses were relatively constant in the range from ph 5.4 to 7.5. with decreasing ph values (7.0, 6.0, 5.4) atp synthesis was inhibited more strongly by the action of 2,4-dinitrophenol and at the same ph value glucose oxidation was nearly unimpaired or inhibited more weakly. this finding is expressed by a de ...19957765916
tolerance to acid in ph 5.0-grown organisms of potentially pathogenic gram-negative bacteria.a wide range of potentially pathogenic species of gram-negative bacteria were far more resistant to extreme acidity (ph 2.0-3.5) when cultured at ph 5.0 (habituated to acid) than after ph 7.0 culture. the differences were particularly great for citrobacter spp., enterobacter spp., klebsiella spp. and for vibrio parahaemolyticus; substantial habituation was also observed for proteus mirabilis and aeromonas formicans but the effect was less marked for serratia marcescens and acinetobacter calcoace ...19958554762
antibiotic resistance of acinetobacter calcoaceticus strains isolated from patients treated in intensive care units.the distribution according to specimens and susceptibility to antimicrobial agents of 481 acinetobacter calcoaceticus strains isolated from patients treated in intensive care units were studied. they occurred most frequently in tracheal specimens and pus. using disk diffusion test the strains proved to be multiple resistant to ampicillin (86.3%), azlocillin (86.7%), mezlocillin (84.0%), cefamandole (99.7%), cefoxitin (94.1%), cefuroxime (90.6%), cefoperazone (84.9%), cefotaxime (82.0%), ceftriax ...19958689090
antibacterial properties of am-1155, a new 8-methoxy quinolone.am-1155 is a new 8-methoxy quinolonecarboxylic acid with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. it inhibited more than 90% of clinical isolates of methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus, streptococci, enterococcus faecalis, most of the enterobacteriaceae, acinetobacter calcoaceticus and haemophilus influenzae at the concentration of 0.39 mg/l. am-1155 was 2- to 16-fold more active than ciprofloxacin against gram-positive organisms including methicillin-resistant staphylococci. the an ...19958522459
infection of the pancreatic duct following pancreas transplantation with bladder drainage.combined kidney-pancreas transplantation represents a widely accepted therapy for endstage diabetic nephropathy. drainage of the pancreatic juice into the urinary bladder is the preferred surgical technique in most centers. between january 1987 and december 1994 a total of 85 pancreas transplantations with pancreatocystostomy were performed at the innsbruck university hospital. in all cases a polyvinylcatheter was placed into the pancreatic duct and drained transvesically to the exterior. during ...19958596128
cloning and expression of dipeptidase from acinetobacter calcoaceticus atcc 23055.the gene encoding dipeptidase was cloned from acinetobacter calcoaceticus atc 23055. determination of the nucleotide sequence revealed that the gene had an open reading flame of 1,050 bp coding a protein of 350 amino acids. the deduced amino acid sequence showed 48.8% similarity to human renal dipeptidases and conserved two amino acid residues identified in human and pig renal dipeptidases as essential ones for the catalytic activity. purified recombinant enzyme expressed in escherichia coli did ...19958690717
microbial colonization of large wounds.this study determines the nature of microbial wound colonization in 28 patients with large burns admitted to the burn centre, haukeland university hospital, bergen. altogether, 748 swabs were taken in 141 sampling procedures. a total of 414 microbial isolates were detected and their resistance patterns to a variety of systemic antimicrobial agents determined. the most frequent isolates were coagulase-negative staphylococci (21.5 per cent) and staphylococcus aureus (14 per cent), followed by ente ...19958747728
tn5-directed cloning of pqq genes from pseudomonas fluorescens cha0: mutational inactivation of the genes results in overproduction of the antibiotic pyoluteorin.pseudomonas fluorescens cha0 produces several secondary metabolites, e.g., the antibiotics pyoluteorin (plt) and 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (phl), which are important for the suppression of root diseases caused by soil-borne fungal pathogens. a tn5 insertion mutant of strain cha0, cha625, does not produce phl, shows enhanced plt production on malt agar, and has lost part of the ability to suppress black root rot in tobacco plants and take-all in wheat. we used a rapid, two-step cloning-out proce ...19958526497
acinetobacter endocarditis in children: a case report and review of the literature.acinetobacter calcoaceticus, a gram-negative bacterium ubiquitous in soil, water and sewage, is a rare cause of endocarditis in children. the first case of acinetobacter endocarditis in an infant is described. this patient had underlying tetralogy of fallot with absent pulmonary valve. a review of the literature in english revealed only four other cases of acinetobacter endocarditis in children; three of whom had underlying congenital heart disease. like the other reported cases, this patient re ...19958557392
the reca protein as a model molecule for molecular systematic studies of bacteria: comparison of trees of recas and 16s rrnas from the same species.the evolution of the reca protein was analyzed using molecular phylogenetic techniques. phylogenetic trees of all currently available complete reca proteins were inferred using multiple maximum parsimony and distance matrix methods. comparison and analysis of the trees reveal that the inferred relationships among these proteins are highly robust. the reca trees show consistent subdivisions corresponding to many of the major bacterial groups found in trees of other molecules including the alpha, ...19958587109
study of a hydrocarbon-utilizing and emulsifier-producing acinetobacter calcoaceticus strain isolated from heating oil.twenty bacterial strains were isolated from a sample of contaminated heating oil and screened for their ability to use petroleum and several common fuels as the sole source of carbon and energy. one of the isolates, named mm5, was able to grow on petroleum derivatives and brought about an emulsification of those compounds. gas chromatography studies showed that strain mm5 was able to degrade hydrocarbons of heating oil. mm5 has been tentatively identified as a strain of acinetobacter calcoacetic ...19958588840
genetic organization, nucleotide sequence and regulation of expression of genes encoding phenol hydroxylase and catechol 1,2-dioxygenase in acinetobacter calcoaceticus ncib8250.we have mutated acinetobacter calcoaceticus ncib-8250 to growth deficiency on phenol as sole carbon source and isolated genes with similarity to phenol hydroxylase and catechol 1,2-dioxygenase by complementation. sequence analysis reveals the presence of six open reading frames (orfs) with similarities to a pseudomonas multicomponent phenol hydroxylase which are followed by an orf with similarity to cata from a. calcoaceticus adp1. transformation of these genes to adp1 confers the ability to gro ...19958596453
phenol degradation by acinetobacter calcoaceticus ncib 8250.acinetobacter calcoaceticus ncib 8250 utilizes phenol as sole source of carbon and energy via an ortho-cleavage pathway. the presence of ethanol in mixed substrate cultivations repressed the utilization of phenol. in fed batch cultivation the phenol tolerance was increased at least 2-fold. maximum degradation rates of 150 mg phenol/(1 h) and 280 mg phenol/(g h), respectively were observed. phenol hydroxylase is induced by its substrate and in parallel the catechol-1,2-dioxygenase is detectable. ...19958568644
differentiation of acinetobacter calcoaceticus sensu stricto from related acinetobacter species by electrophoretic polymorphism of malate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase and catalase.acinetobacter baumannii, unnamed acinetobacter species 3 (studied by p.j.m. bouvet and p.a.d. grimont) and unnamed dna group 13 (studied by i. tjernberg and j. ursing) are the most prevalent acinetobacter species in hospitals. using the identification scheme of bouvet and grimont, it is sometimes difficult to differentiate these species from a. calcoaceticus sensu stricto, a species of the natural environment that has seldom been found associated with human infection. genetically identified acin ...19958584799
[in vitro antibacterial activity of a new parenteral penem, sulopenem].eighty percent minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic80) of sulopenem against clinically isolated 12 to 80 strains of each of different bacteria were as follows: methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus (mssa): 0.20 micrograms/ml, methicillin-resistant s. aureus (mrsa): 50 micrograms/ml, coagulase-negative staphylococci: 3.13 micrograms/ml, streptococcus pyogenes: < or = 0.013 microgram/ml, streptococcus pneumoniae: < or = 0.013 microgram/ml, beta-streptococci: 0.05 microgram/ml, enterococc ...19968786624
[in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of sulopenem, a new penem antibiotic].the in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of sulopenem, a new penem, were evaluated in comparison with imipenem (ipm), meropenem (mepm), ceftazidime (caz) and flomoxef (fmox). sulopenem had broad and potent antibacterial spectra against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including enterococcus faecalis, proteus vulgaris, morganella morganii, enterobacter spp. and citrobacter freundii. sulopenem showed concentration-dependent bactericidal activities against staphylococcus aureus, e ...19968786626
a reappraisal of the diversity and class distribution of aspartate transcarbamoylases in gram-negative bacteria.recently, the subunit composition of class a aspartate transcarbamoylases (atcases) in fluorescent pseudomonads has been clarified. we present evidence that distribution of this type of atcase may be more widespread than at first suspected. bacterial atcases exist in three forms: class a (molecular mass approximately 450-500 kda); class b, typified by escherichia coli atcase (approximately 300 kda); and class c, typified by bacillus subtilis atcase (approximately 100 kda). using gradient gel ele ...19968757751
a comparative study of different pcr-based dna fingerprinting techniques for typing of the acinetobacter calcoaceticus-a. baumannii complex.different pcr-based dna fingerprinting techniques were evaluated for typing 26 clinical isolates belonging to the acinetobacter calcoaceticus-a. baumannii complex. seven isolates belonged to a previously defined outbreak while 19 isolates were unrelated epidemiologically. the pcr-based dna fingerprinting techniques used were: (i) repetitive extragenic palindromic (rep) pcr; (ii) enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (eric) pcr; (iii) randomly amplified polymorphic dna with m13 forward ...19968636966
is1236, a newly discovered member of the is3 family, exhibits varied patterns of insertion into the acinetobacter calcoaceticus chromosome.analysis of spontaneous mutations in acinetobacter calcoaceticus revealed a 1237 bp insertion sequence named is1236 and possessing a nucleotide sequence resembling those of members of the ls3 family. the chromosome of a. calcoaceticus strain adp1 contains seven copies of is1236 which appears to insert preferentially into pobr, the transcriptional activator of the structural gene for p-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase. is1236 creates tandem 3 bp dna duplications flanking the sites of its insertion in ...19968757745
[reactive arthritis: terminology, etiology and pathogenesis].different serovars of y. enterocolitica, y. pseudotuberculosis, acinetobacter calcoaceticus, and pseudomonas pauimobilis were isolated from the synovial fluid of 23 out of 34 patients with yersinia-triggered arthritis by a new bacteriological method based on the selection of the optimal conditions for microorganism culturing; in some cases the strains were isolated repeatedly. the authors discuss the necessity of correcting the previous notions on the aseptic nature of reactive arthritis.19969036205
evaluation of the ability of a commercial system to identify acinetobacter genomic species.a collection of 130 acinetobacter strains identified by dna hybridization to 18 different genomic species was used to assess the ability of the api 20ne system (biomérieux, france) to identify acinetobacter genomic species and to determine its accuracy. fifty-eight (87%) of the 67 strains of genomic species defined in the database (version 5.1) were identified to the appropriate genomic species. the acinetobacter baumannii strains and the acinetobacter haemolyticus strains were all identified co ...19968781881
changing trends in the antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical isolates of acinetobacter baumannii.acinetobacter baumannii has recently emerged as an important nosocomial pathogen because of its resistance to the majority of commonly used antimicrobial agents. therefore, the pattern of isolation of acinetobacter baumannii in our laboratory and the in vitro susceptibilities to various antimicrobial agents were studied. one hundred and two clinical isolates of previously identified acinetobacter calcoaceticus var. anitratus from different patients were collected from the diagnostic bacteriology ...19968799001
cloning of catbcijfd genes for catechol degradation into chromosomal poba and genetic stability of the recombinant acinetobacter calcoaceticus.a possible obstacle in the development of hybrid strains of acinetobacter calcoaceticus by the introduction of a metabolic pathway into the chromosome is genetic instability of the resulting recombinant strains. therefore, the possibility that the poba gene can be used as a chromosomal cloning site where the transposed genes can be maintained and expressed, was explored in this study. for this purpose, two model hybrid strains of a. calcoaceticus were created, in which a dna fragment carrying ca ...19968695911
natural transformation in river epilithon.natural transformation was demonstrated in unenclosed experiments incubated in river epilithon. strains of acinetobacter calcoaceticus were transformed to prototrophy by either free dna (lysates) or live donor cells. the sources of transforming dna and recipient culture were immobilized on filters, secured to stones, and incubated midstream in the river. the transfer frequency generally increased with temperature. no transfer was detected in the river taff below 10 degrees c. the age of the reci ...19968702292
[microbial associations in trichomonas urethritis].the results on isolation of associated microflora from 190 patients suffering from trichomonas urethritis are given. microorganisms belonged to the species: mycoplasma hominis. ureaplasma urealyticum. streptococcus pyogenes. escherichia coli. klebsiella pneumoniae. proteus mirabilis. moraxella lacunata. acinetobacter calcoaceticus and candida. staphylococcus cultures which were isolated from 100% patients belonged to 8 species: staphylococcus aureus, s. intermedius, s. haemolyticus, s. epidermid ...19968983524
purification of a lipase from acinetobacter calcoaceticus aac323-1 by hydrophobic-interaction methods.the performance of hydrophobic-interaction chromatography (hic) for the purification of acinetobacter calcoaceticus aac323-1 lipase was compared with that of various aqueous two-phase systems. while a 42% lipase yield with a purification factor of 140 could be recovered by hic, higher yields were achieved by using aqueous two-phase systems, either those formed by poly(ethylene glycol) and dextran or those based upon the use of a detergent. triton x-114-based aqueous two-phase partition showed th ...19968867899
in vitro and in vivo activities of lb10522, a new catecholic cephalosporin.in vitro activity of lb10522 was compared with those of cefpirome, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, and cefoperazone against clinical isolates. against gram-positive bacteria, lb10522 was most active among the compounds tested. it was fourfold more active than cefpirome against methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus and enterococcus faecalis. lb10522 was highly effective against most members of the family enterobacteriaceae tested. ninety percent of isolates of escherichia coli, klebsiella oxyto ...19968843288
in vitro activity of the tricyclic beta-lactam gv104326.gv104326 is a novel tricyclic beta-lactam (a trinem or, formerly, tribactam). the in vitro activity of gv104326 was compared with those of cefuroxime, cefixime, amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cefpirome, and ciprofloxacin. gv104326 had in vitro activity generally similar to that of cefixime against members of the family enterobacteriaceae (mic at which 90% of the isolates are inhibited [mic90], < or = 2 micrograms/ml), with cefuroxime and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid being 8- to 32-fold ...19968723475
novel nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy methods demonstrate preferential carbon source utilization by acinetobacter calcoaceticus.novel nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy techniques, designated metabolic observation, were used to study aromatic compound degradation by the soil bacterium acinetobacter calcoaceticus. bacteria which had been rendered spectroscopically invisible by growth with deuterated (2h) medium were used to inoculate cultures in which natural-abundance 1h hydrogen isotopes were provided solely by aromatic carbon sources in an otherwise 2h medium. samples taken during the incubation of these cultures ...19968955304
[exposure to organic dust and microorganisms as a factor affecting respiratory function of workers of purebred horse farms].in two farms of purebred horses, microbiological studies of the air and medical examination of the workers were performed. the concentration of microorganisms in the air were within the range 29.2-336.0 cfu x 10(3)/m3. the respirable fraction in most cases was between 30-60% of the total count. the levels of dust and endotoxin were low except for one sampling point where the concentration of endotoxin was as high as 3.44 g/m3. as many as 16 workers out of the total of 31 examined reported occurr ...19969190233
the species composition of oligotrophic bacterial communities of lake balaton--a numerical analysis.from among the 565 aerobic and facultatively anaerobic, oligotrophic bacterial isolated obtained from the open water region of the balatonfüred-bay, 58 representative strains were selected for detailed taxonomic-physiological studies and numerical analyses as well as simultaneous comparisons with authentic bacterial strains isolated earlier by langó (1987) from different water habitat of the lake balaton. on the basis of 186 ceded differential diagnostic characteristics involved in these analyse ...19969147724
multiparametric analysis of waterline contamination in dental units.microbial contamination of dental unit waterlines is thought to be the result of biofilm formation within the small-bore tubing used for these conduits. systematic sampling of 121 dental units located at the dental school of université de montréal showed that none of the waterlines was spared from bacterial contamination. multilevel statistical analyses showed significant differences between samples taken at the beginning of the day and samples taken after a 2-min purge. differences were also fo ...19968899982
validation of use of whole-cell repetitive extragenic palindromic sequence-based pcr (rep-pcr) for typing strains belonging to the acinetobacter calcoaceticus-acinetobacter baumannii complex and application of the method to the investigation of a hospital outbreak.acinetobacter spp. are being reported with increasing frequency as causes of nosocomial infection. in order to identify reservoirs of infection as quickly as possible, a rapid typing method that can differentiate epidemic strains from environmental and nonepidemic strains is needed. in 1993, a cluster of acinetobacter baumannii isolates from five patients in the adult intensive therapy unit of our tertiary-care teaching hospital led us to develop and optimize a rapid repetitive extragenic palind ...19968727902
the beta-ketoadipate pathway and the biology of self-identity.the beta-ketoadipate pathway is a chromosomally encoded convergent pathway for aromatic compound degradation that is widely distributed in soil bacteria and fungi. one branch converts protocatechuate, derived from phenolic compounds including p-cresol, 4-hydroxybenzoate and numerous lignin monomers, to beta-ketoadipate. the other branch converts catechol, generated from various aromatic hydrocarbons, amino aromatics, and lignin monomers, also to beta-ketoadipate. two additional steps accomplish ...19968905091
sequence and functional analysis of an escherichia coli dna fragment able to complement pqqe and pqqf mutants from methylobacterium organophilum.a 7361 kb fragment of e coli chromosomal dna able to complement pqqe and pqqf mutants of methylobacterium organophilum has been sequenced. five open reading frames (orf) have been identified. four orfs (102, 103, 106 and 107), belong to a single transcription unit. they are separated by a transcription termination site from a fifth orf (orf109). polypeptides of 28, 85 and 82 kda encoded by orfs 102, 103 and 106 respectively were visualised in maxi-cell experiments. both orf106 and orf107 are req ...19969116051
emergence of resistant isolates of acinetobacter calcoaceticus- a. baumannii complex in a spanish hospital over a five-year period.acinetobacter calcoaceticus-a. baumannii complex species have emerged as a relevant cause of nosocomial infection and colonization over the past 20 years, mainly in intensive care units. the aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro activity of 14 antimicrobial agents against 177 clinical isolates from patients admitted to a spanish teaching hospital over a five-year period. susceptibility rates or 99%, 99%, and 74% were obtained for imipenem, meropenem, ampicillin plus sulbactam, and am ...19968839649
inhibition studies of s-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase purified from acinetobacter calcoaceticus ula-501.adenosine analogs previously reported as reversible inhibitors of mammalian s-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (sahase) have been found to exert similar effects on acinetobacter calcoaceticus ula-501 enzyme. in addition, two metal coordination compounds, cis-platinum diammine dichloride (cis-ddp) and its trans isomer (trans-ddp), the former well known for its employment in anticancer chemotherapy, were assayed on both bacterial and mammalian sahases. in our conditions, trans-ddp appeared to be the ...19968874802
increased production of recombinant pyrroloquinoline quinone (pqq) glucose dehydrogenase by metabolically engineered escherichia coli strain capable of pqq biosynthesis.we have previously shown that the production of recombinant escherichia coli pqqgdh was greatly improved by using a medium supplemented with the cofactor pqq, which is not synthesized in e. coli. we show here that the increase in the accumulated pqqgdh is due to the increased stability of the holo-enzyme over apo-enzyme, using recombinant acinetobacter calcoaceticus pqqgdh. in order to achieve cost-effective pqqgdh production, we incorporated the genes for pqq biosynthetic pathway from klebsiell ...19968879174
[identification and typing of hospital strains of acinetobacter calcoaceticus-acinetobacter baumanni complex].a collection of 95 strains of the acinetobacter calcoaceticus-acinetobacter baumannii complex, isolated between 1991 and 1993 in the prague burn center (bc), was studied. ninety-one strains were isolated from 43 patients: 50 of them from burnt sites, 22 from endotracheal tube, 13 from urine, 3 from blood and 3 from venous catheter, and 4 strains were isolated from the hospital environment and the nursing staff. the strains were classified by restriction endonuclease fingerprinting of total dna, ...19968756404
influence of relative humidity and suspending menstrua on survival of acinetobacter spp. on dry surfaces.acinetobacter spp. are being reported with increasing frequency as a cause of nosocomial infection and have been isolated from the skin of healthy individuals, patients, hospital staff, dry nonbiotic objects, and different pieces of medical equipment. factors affecting the survival of acinetobacter spp. under conditions closely similar to those found in the hospital environment were investigated in the present study to help us understand the epidemiology of nosocomial acinetobacter infection. ba ...19968940416
production, characterization, and reconstitution of recombinant quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase (soluble type; ec 1.1.99.17) apoenzyme of acinetobacter calcoaceticus.soluble, periplasmic quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase of acinetobacter calcoaceticus (sgdh; ec 1.1.99.17) was produced in good yield in the apoenzyme form (without the cofactor pyrroloquinoline quinone, pqq) by an escherichia coli recombinant strain provided with a plasmid containing the gene under control of a lac promoter. structural analysis of the purified apoenzyme revealed that the e. coli strain used produces the correct mature protein. titration of the apoenzyme with pqq in the presenc ...19968951033
degradation of crude oil by acinetobacter calcoaceticus and alcaligenes odorans.two types of indian crude oil (bombay high and gujarat) were tested for their biodegradability by acinetobacter calcoaceticus and alcaligenes odorans. acinetobacter calcoaceticus s30 and alc. odorans p20 degraded bombay high crude oil by 50% and 45%, while only 29% and 37% of gujarat crude oil (heavy crude oil) was degraded by these isolates, respectively. acinetobacter calcoaceticus and alc. odorans in combination degraded 58% and 40% of bombay high and gujarat crude oils, respectively, which w ...19968896350
[simultaneous isolation of mrsa and pseudomonas aeruginosa using a novel selective and differential pmac agar].pmac agar, a novel, selective and differential medium has been developed and was subjected for evaluation of its selective and differential capability of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) and pseudomonas aeruginosa from other bacteria such as bacillus, micrococcus, gram-negative bacteria and drug resistant ones. growth of mrsa and p. aeruginosa on pmac agar was facilitated and their colonies were easily differentiated. colonies of mrsa after 24 approximately 48 h incubation at 3 ...19968921677
system to study horizontal gene exchange among microorganisms without cultivation of recipients.ribosomal rna genes are characterized by highly conserved sequences and are present in multiple copies in most prokaryotic chromosomes. in principle, therefore, they might serve as sites for homologous recombination between unrelated microorganisms. plasmids containing 23s ribosomal gene sequences, from different bacteria, which had been interrupted by insertion of a kanamycin-resistance gene, were used to transform acinetobacter sp. dsm587 (former name: acinetobacter calcoaceticus bd413-ivl10). ...19968930906
the expression of the acinetobacter calcoaceticus reca gene increases in response to dna damage independently of reca and of development of competence for natural transformation.using the lacz operon fusion technique, the transcriptional control of the acinetobacter calcoaceticus reca gene was studied. a low (approximately twofold) inductive capacity was observed for compounds that damage dna and/or inhibit dna replication, e.g. methyl methanesulfonate, mitomycin c, uv light and nalidixic acid. induction of the reca gene by dna damage was independent of functional reca. the presence of the reca promoter region on a multicopy plasmid had the same effect on reca transcrip ...19968936328
[microbiology of femoral head grafts in bone banks].the aim of the study was to describe the bacteriology of bone allografts, which were harvested for the bone bank at hvidovr hospital, and to evaluate any infections in the recipients, which may have been caused by microbiological contamination of the transplanted bone allografts. it was carried out as a retrospective examination of bone bank records and patient records allowing at least 12 months for possible manifestation of bacterial infection by the bone allograft. during donation of bone, bo ...19968966808
[bactericide activity of sulbactam before bacteria belonging to the acinetobacter calcoaceticus-acinetobacter baumannii complex].to evaluate the bactericidal activity of colistin, imipenem and sulbactam against 24 acinetobacter calcoaceticus-acinetobacter baumannii complex isolations.19969035707
physiological factors affecting production of extracellular lipase (lipa) in acinetobacter calcoaceticus bd413: fatty acid repression of lipa expression and degradation of lipa.the extracellular lipase (lipa) produced by acinetobacter calcoaceticus bd413 is required for growth of the organism on triolein, since mutant strains that lack an active lipase fail to grow with triolein as the sole carbon source. surprisingly, extracellular lipase activity and expression of the structural lipase gene (lipa), the latter measured through lacz as a transcriptional reporter, are extremely low in triolein cultures of lipa+ strains. the explanation for this interesting paradox lies ...19968830702
in-vitro interaction of azithromycin and fluoroquinolones against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.objective: to determine the combined in-vitro effects of azithromycin plus the fluoroquinolone ofloxacin or lomefloxacin against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. methods: fractional inhibitory (fic) and fractional bactericidal concentration indices of azithromycin and the fluoroquinolone were determined using a microtiter-checkerboard method. clinical isolates of staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pneumoniae, neisseria gonorrhoeae, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas ...199611866755
polymicrobial bacteremia in cancer patients: analysis of risk factors, etiology and outcome in 214 episodes.two hundred and fourteen episodes of polymicrobial bacteremia in 182 cancer patients in a period of 6 years in a 360-bed national cancer institute were analyzed for etiology, risk factors and outcome. variables were compared with 187 episodes of monomicrobial bacteremias in 147 cancer patients to find statistical significance among risk factors, etiology and outcome. urinary catheters and breakthrough bacteremia were the only risk factors associated with polymicrobial in comparison to monomicrob ...199618611744
classification, error detection, and reconciliation of process information in complex biochemical systems.bioprocess identification starts with collection of process information. usually there is a variety of information available, consisting of actual measurement data, historical data, empirical kinetic and yield correlations, and general knowledge available from literature. a central problem is to find out how the various pieces of information should be integrated. in addition, one should know how to deal with missing, inconsistent, or too inaccurate data. recently, a general systematic method for ...199618623590
induced natural transformation of acinetobacter calcoaceticus in soil microcosms.factors affecting natural transformation of acinetobacter calcoaceticus bd413 with homologous chromosomal dna in a silt loam soil microcosm were investigated. inducible transformation of declining populations of noncompetent a. calcoaceticus cells was detectable for up to 6 days when a simple carbon source, salts, and freshly added dna were used. in two different experimental setups, the residence time in soil of induced cells could be increased to either 11 or 24 h before dna addition without r ...199716535710
phylogenetic relationship of the twenty-one dna groups of the genus acinetobacter as revealed by 16s ribosomal dna sequence analysis.the inter- and intrageneric relationships of members of the genus acinetobacter were investigated by performing a comparative sequence analysis of pcr-amplified 16s ribosomal dnas (rdnas) from 21 strains representing all of the dna groups that have been described. phylogenetic treeing confirmed that acinetobacter spp. form a coherent cluster within the gamma subdivision of the class proteobacteria that includes strains with overall levels of 16s rdna sequence similarity of more than 94%. the ana ...19979226915
chemicals and heat generate different protein patterns in acinetobacter calcoaceticus.the effect of exposing acinetobacter calcoaceticus 69-v to dnp-stress and heat shock was examined by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of proteins, which were detected either by autoradiography or by silver staining. both dnp stress and heat shock led to altered patterns of protein synthesis or concentration. about 10% of the proteins which were synthesized newly or at an increased rate and about 25% of those which were found newly or with an increased concentration after dnp treatment were id ...19979265739
ca2+ and its substitutes have two different binding sites and roles in soluble, quinoprotein (pyrroloquinoline-quinone-containing) glucose dehydrogenase.to investigate the mode of binding and the role of ca2+ in soluble, pyrroloquinoline-quinone (pqq)-containing glucose dehydrogenase of the bacterium acinetobacter calcoaceticus (sgdh), the following enzyme species were prepared and their interconversions studied: monomeric apoenzyme (m); monomer with one firmly bound ca2+ ion (m*); dimer consisting of 2 m* (d); dimer consisting of 2 m and 2 pqq (holo-y); dimer consisting of d with 2 pqq (holo-x); fully reconstituted enzyme consisting of holo-x w ...19979266710
muck, a gene in acinetobacter calcoaceticus adp1 (bd413), encodes the ability to grow on exogenous cis,cis-muconate as the sole carbon source.benzyl alcohol, benzaldehyde, benzoate, and anthranilate are metabolized via catechol, cis,cis-muconate, and the beta-ketoadipate pathway in acinetobacter calcoaceticus adp1 (bd413). mutant strain isa25 with a deletion spanning catbcijf and unable to metabolize muconate further will not grow in the presence of an aromatic precursor of muconate. growth on fumarate as the sole carbon source with added benzyl alcohol or benzaldehyde selected spontaneous mutants of isa25. after repair of the cat del ...19979294455
discrimination of acinetobacter genomic species by aflp fingerprinting.aflp is a novel genomic fingerprinting method based on the selective pcr amplification of restriction fragments. the usability of this method for the differentiation of genomic species in the genus acinetobacter was investigated. a total of 151 classified strains (representing 18 genomic species, including type, reference, and field strains) and 8 unclassified strains were analyzed. by using a single set of restriction enzymes (hindiii and taqi) and one particular set of selective pcr primers, a ...19979336926
identification by site-directed mutagenesis of three essential histidine residues in membrane dipeptidase, a novel mammalian zinc peptidase.membrane dipeptidase (ec 3.4.13.19) is a plasma membrane zinc peptidase that is involved in the renal metabolism of glutathione and its conjugates, such as leukotriene d4. the enzyme lacks the classical signatures of other zinc-dependent hydrolases and shows no homology with any other mammalian protein. we have used site-directed mutagenesis to explore the roles of five histidine residues in pig membrane dipeptidase that are conserved among mammalian species. when expressed in cos-1 cells, the m ...19979337849
use of different pcr-based dna fingerprinting techniques and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to investigate the epidemiology of acinetobacter calcoaceticus-acinetobacter baumannii complex.acinetobacter calcoaceticus-acinetobacter baumannii complex is an important nosocomial pathogen for which optimal typing methods in epidemiologic investigations have not been defined. we compared dna macrorestriction analysis by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) with different pcr-based dna fingerprinting techniques, including enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (eric) polymerase chain reaction (pcr), repetitive extragenic palindromic (rep) pcr, arbitrary-primed pcr with primer ...19979350411
bovine spongiform encephalopathy: is it an autoimmune disease due to bacteria showing molecular mimicry with brain antigens?bovine spongiform encephalopathy (bse) could be an autoimmune disease produced following exposure of cattle to feedstuffs containing bacteria showing molecular mimicry between bacterial components and bovine tissue. analysis of molecular sequence databases (genbank and swissprot) shows that three bacteria (acinetobacter calcoaceticus,ruminococcus albus, and agrobacter tumefaciens) share sequences with the encephalitogenic peptide of bovine myelin, while three molecules in escherichia coli show m ...19979370514
[accbsi - a novel restriction endonuclease from acinetobacter calcoaceticus bs].the recognition site of a new restriction endonuclease from acinetobacter calcoaceticus bs was determined. this is a nonpalindromic sequence. accbsi restrictase cleaves dna chains in the middle of the recognition sequence; therefore, ligation of its digestion fragments restored accbsi recognition sites and generated palindromic sequences recognized by saci and sacii restrictases.19979441298
identification and characterization of a pantoea citrea gene encoding glucose dehydrogenase that is essential for causing pink disease of pineapple.pantoea citrea, a member of the family enterobacteriaceae, causes pink disease of pineapple, whose symptom is characterized by the formation of pink to brown discolorations of the infected portions of the pineapple fruit cylinder upon canning. molecular genetic approaches were applied to elucidate the mechanism responsible for this fruit discoloration. a p. citrea mutant strain, cmc6, defective in its ability to cause pink disease and fruit discoloration, was generated by nitrosoguanidine mutage ...19978979341
expression, inducer spectrum, domain structure, and function of mopr, the regulator of phenol degradation in acinetobacter calcoaceticus ncib8250.degradation of phenol by acinetobacter calcoaceticus ncib8250 involves (sigma54-dependent expression of a multicomponent phenol hydroxylase and catechol 1,2-dioxygenase encoded by the mop operon. complementation of a new mutant deficient in phenol utilization yielded the regulatory locus mopr. it is located in divergent orientation next to the mop operon. mopr is constitutively expressed at a low level from a sigma70-type promoter and belongs to the ntrc family of regulators. the amino acid sequ ...19979023219
structural and serological characterisation of the o-specific polysaccharide from lipopolysaccharide of acinetobacter calcoaceticus strain 7 (dna group 1).s-form lipopolysaccharide was isolated by phenol/water extraction from a strain of acinetobacter calcoaceticus (dna group 1 ). the structure of the o-antigenic polysaccharide was determined by compositional analysis and nmr spectroscopy of the de-o-acylated lipopolysaccharide. the isolated polysaccharide obtained after hydrolysis of lipopolysaccharide in 0.01 m trifluoroacetic acid has the following structure: [structure in text] in which pyr is pyruvate. the o-acetyl substitution of d-gal was n ...19979030736
sigma54, a vital protein for myxococcus xanthus.the rpon gene encoding the transcription factor sigma54 in myxococcus xanthus has been cloned using a heterologous rpon probe. the sequence of the cross-hybridizing dna confirmed the existence of an orf 1518 bp long that encodes a well conserved member of the sigma54 family of sigma factors. low- as well as high-stringency hybridizations detected only a single rpon gene in the m. xanthus chromosome. in other bacteria, sigma54 is an alternative sigma, and null mutants are viable. however, all att ...19979050890
an apparent outbreak of infection with acinetobacter calcoaceticus reconsidered after investigation by pyrolysis mass spectrometry.in a previously reported apparent outbreak of infection due to acinetobacter calcoaceticus on a regional burns unit in which both clinical and environmental isolates were available for study, investigations of the organisms by electrophoretic typing of surface proteins, plasmid profiling and antibiograms were inconclusive and unable to identify a single epidemic strain of the organism. the same collection of isolates has been analysed for inter-strain comparison by pyrolysis mass spectrometry (p ...19979060155
incorporation of 2-hydroxyl fatty acids by acinetobacter calcoaceticus rag-1 to tailor emulsan structure.acinetobacter calcoaceticus rag-1 was cultured on different chain length saturated 2-hydroxyl fatty acid (2-hofa) carbon sources as follows: c12:0 (2-oh), c14:0 (2-oh), c16:0 (2-oh) and c18:0 (2-oh). these 2-hofas were used as either sole carbon sources or cosubstrates with c14:0 (total 1% w/v) to form new emulsans (ems) having controlled side chain fa structure and, therefore, unique emulsifier characteristics. em yields and cell dry weights ranged from 0.6 to 1.8 g/l and 0.9 to 3.9 g/l, respec ...19979110181
bioengineering of emulsifier structure: emulsan analogs.strategies were investigated to modulate the side chain structure of emulsans formed by acinetobacter calcoaceticus rag-1. analysis of emulsan fatty acid side chain groups by gas chromatography--mass spectrometry (gc-ms) revealed that by provoking the exogenous n-alkanoic fatty acids 15:0, 16:0, and 17:0, emulsan analogs were formed with 53, 46, and 44 mol%, respectively, of fatty acid substituents with chain lengths equal to that of the carbon source. in contrast, the increase in emulsan fatty ...19979115094
sequence analysis of pqq genes required for biosynthesis of pyrroloquinoline quinone in methylobacterium extorquens am1 and the purification of a biosynthetic intermediate.methylobacterium extorquens am1 produces pyrroloquinoline quinone (pqq), the prosthetic group of methanol dehydrogenase. two genes clusters have been shown to be required for pqq biosynthesis in this micro-organism and complementation analysis has identified seven pqq genes, pqqdgcba and pqqef. the dna sequence of pqqdgc' was reported previously. this paper reports the sequence of the genomic region corresponding to pqqc'ba. for consistency, the nomenclature of pqq genes in klebsiella pneumoniae ...19979043136
oral treatment of staphylococcus spp. infected orthopaedic implants with fusidic acid or ofloxacin in combination with rifampicin.oral therapy of staphylococcal infection of orthopaedic implants with 900 mg/day rifampicin combined with either 1.5 g/day fusidic acid for 5 days followed by 1 g/day thereafter, or 600 mg/day ofloxacin was compared. patients with an infected hip were treated for 6 months, with removal of any unstable prosthesis after 5 months' treatment and those with an infected knee prosthesis were treated for 9 months, with removal of the prosthesis after 6 months of treatment. patients with infections of ot ...19979069545
nucleotide sequence of a putative periplasmic mn superoxide dismutase from acinetobacter calcoaceticus adp1.we determined 5.8 kilobases of nucleotide sequence upstream of the rubredoxin encoding ruba gene of acinetobacter calcoaceticus (ac) adp1. sequence analysis revealed four open reading frames named cysd', cobq, soda and lyss, coding for proteins with high similarity to known sulfate adenylate transferases (partial), cobyric acid synthases, superoxide dismutases (sod) and lysyl trna synthetases, respectively. out of a large number of bacterial sod sequences soda of ac adp1 is the first member of t ...19979074511
antibacterial activity of bms-180680, a new catechol-containing monobactam.the in vitro activities of a new catechol-containing monobactam, bms-180680 (sq 84,100), were compared to those of aztreonam, ceftazidime, imipenem, piperacillin-tazobactam, ciprofloxacin, amikacin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. bms-180680 was often the most active compound against many species of the family enterobacteriaceae, with mics at which 90% of the isolates were inhibited (mic90s) of < or = 0.5 microg/ml for escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., citrobacter diversus, enterobacter aero ...19979145861
activities of beta-lactams against acinetobacter genospecies as determined by agar dilution and e-test mic methods.the agar dilution mic method was used to test activities of ticarcillin, ticarcillin-clavulanate, amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, ampicillin, ampicillin-sulbactam, piperacillin, piperacillin-tazobactam, inhibitors alone, ceftazidime, and imipenem against 237 acinetobacter genospecies. a total of 93.2% of strains were beta-lactamase positive by the chromogenic cephalosporin method. overall, ampicillin-sulbactam was the most active combination against all strains (mic at which 50% of the iso ...19979087486
phosphate release and uptake by pure cultures of acinetobacter sp.: effect of the volatile fatty acids concentrationphosphorus release and uptake by pure cultures of acinetobacter strains were investigated under anaerobic and aerobic conditions respectively. tests were performed to study the relationship between phosphorus release-storage reaction and behavior of extracellular organic substrates: acetic, propionic, and butyric acids have been used at four concentrations (50, 100, 500, and 1000 mg &middot; l-1) in the anaerobic step of biological phosphorus removal. the results obtained depend on the strain an ...19978939801
isolation of mutants of acinetobacter calcoaceticus deficient in wax ester synthesis and complementation of one mutation with a gene encoding a fatty acyl coenzyme a reductase.acinetobacter calcoaceticus bd413 accumulates wax esters and triacylglycerol under conditions of mineral nutrient limitation. nitrosoguanidine-induced mutants of strain bd413 were isolated that failed to accumulate wax esters under nitrogen-limited growth conditions. one of the mutants, wow15 (without wax), accumulated wax when grown in the presence of cis-11-hexadecenal and hexadecanol but not hexadecane or hexadecanoic acid. this suggested that the mutation may have inactivated a gene encoding ...19979139916
natural transformation and availability of transforming dna to acinetobacter calcoaceticus in soil microcosms.a small microcosm, based on optimized in vitro transformation conditions, was used to study the ecological factors affecting the transformation of acinetobacter calcoaceticus bd413 in soil. the transforming dna used was a. calcoaceticus homologous chromosomal dna with an inserted gene cassette containing a kanamycin resistance gene, nptii. the effects of soil type (silt loam or loamy sand), bacterial cell density, time of residence of a. calcoaceticus or of dna in soil before transformation, tra ...19979143126
antibacterial activity of trovafloxacin against nosocomial gram-positive and gram-negative isolates.a total of 1132 clinical isolates from 952 patients with nosocomial infections were tested against the fluoroquinolone trovafloxacin by the agar dilution method. they comprised 285 staphylococci, 111 streptococci, 94 enterococci and 470 isolates of enterobacteriaceae, 92 pseudomonas aeruginosa, 27 stenotrophomonas maltophilia, 28 haemophilus influenzae and 25 acinetobacter calcoaceticus. the in-vitro activity of trovafloxacin was compared with that of ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, beta-lactam and ...19979222067
uptake and processing of dna by acinetobacter calcoaceticus--a review.in natural transformation, dna in the form of macromolecular fragments can be translocated across the cell envelope of prokaryotic microorganisms. during the past two decades, several, largely mutually contradictory, hypotheses have been forwarded to explain the molecular mechanism and bioenergetics of this translocation process. other biomacromolecules are translocated across the bacterial cell envelope as well, such as polysaccharides and proteins, the latter for instance in the process of the ...19979224889
interactions of an antimicrobial peptide, magainin 2, with outer and inner membranes of gram-negative bacteria.magainin peptides, isolated from xenopus skin, have broad spectra of antimicrobial activity and low toxicities to normal eukaryotic cells, thus being good candidates for therapeutic agents. the mechanism of action is considered to be the permeabilization of bacterial membranes. a number of studies using lipid vesicles have elucidated its molecular detail. however, their interactions with bacteria are not yet well understood. in this paper, we synthesized several magainin analogs with different c ...19979247173
identification and characterization of xcpr encoding a subunit of the general secretory pathway necessary for dodecane degradation in acinetobacter calcoaceticus adp1.a mutant of acinetobacter calcoaceticus adp1 unable to grow on alkanes was complemented for growth on hexadecane with a dna fragment encoding a protein with homology to xcpr, a subunit of the general secretion pathway for exoproteins in pseudomonas aeruginosa. insertional inactivation of xcpr in a. calcoaceticus adp1 by transcriptional fusion to lacz abolishes secretion of lipase and esterase and leads to lack of growth on dodecane and slower growth on hexadecane. we, therefore, propose the part ...19979226277
[development of resistance and utilization of fluoroquinolones in a university hospital].the results of a retrospective study in the faculty hospital, hradec králové (fhhk) show a steep increase in the consumption of fluoroquinolones in the course of six years. since 1989, when 360 defined daily doses (ddd) were administered, the consumption increased to 2,825 ddds in 1992 and 52,162 ddds in 1995. at the same time, resistance to ofloxacine and ciprofloxacine was increased many times in some bacterial species isolated from patients admitted to fhhk. in the strains pseudomonas aerugin ...19979600142
multicenter study using standardized protocols and reagents for evaluation of reproducibility of pcr-based fingerprinting of acinetobacter spp.seven laboratories in six european countries examined 40 isolates belonging to the acinetobacter calcoaceticus-acinetobacter baumannii complex to investigate whether standardized protocols and quality-controlled reagents could produce reliable, discriminatory, and reproducible pcr-based fingerprinting results. four pcr protocols with different primers (primers daf4, eric-2, m13, and rep1 + rep2) were used. the epidemiological conclusions reached by the participating laboratories were substantial ...19979399496
antibiotic resistance among gram-negative nosocomial pathogens in the intensive care unit: results of 6-year body-site monitoring.results of 6-year body-site monitoring in an intensive care unit (icu) are presented and antimicrobial resistance of gram-negative isolates analyzed. the study included 622 patients. six hundred thirty-five bacterial isolates-causes of nosocomial sepsis, pneumonia, and urinary tract infections (utis)-were tested during the study. gram-negative bacteria were the predominant isolates, causing 65% of cases of sepsis, 78.7% of pneumonias, and 70.2% of utis. gram-negative isolates (454) were highly r ...19979377613
the toxicity of substituted phenolic compounds to a detoxifying and an acetic acid bacterium.in the detoxifying bacterium acinetobacter calcoaceticus 69-v and in the acetic acid bacterium acetobacter methanolicus mb 58, glucose and xylose are oxidized, respectively, via pqq-dependent membrane-bound dehydrogenases, which are linked to the respiratory chain in a manner enabling energy conservation via electron transport phosphorylation (etp) in the cytoplasmic membrane. neither the glucose and gluconic acid nor the xylose and xylonic acid are metabolized. therefore, measurements of sugar ...19979143455
cloning and sequencing of genes encoding malonate decarboxylase in acinetobacter calcoaceticus.malonate decarboxylase from acinetobacter calcoaceticus was isolated and characterized (kim, y.s., byun, h.s., j. biol. chem. 269 (1994) 29636-29641), and its subunits were reanalyzed recently to be alpha, beta, gamma, and delta. the genes for the subunits, mdca (548 a.a.), b (295 a.a.), c (238 a.a.), and d (102 a.a.), of the enzyme have been cloned by using oligonucleotide primers deduced from amino acid sequences of peptides isolated from the purified enzyme, and sequenced to be clustered in a ...19979375791
microbiology of otitis externa.microbiologic and clinical data from 26 patients with otitis externa were prospectively evaluated. specimens were processed for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. bacterial growth was noted in 23 specimens. a total of 33 aerobic and 2 anaerobic bacteria were recovered. aerobic bacteria only were isolated in 21 (91%) patients, anaerobic bacteria only in 1 (4%), and mixed aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in 1 (4%). the most common isolates were pseudomonas aeruginosa (14 instances), staphylococcus aure ...19979018252
an automated fluorescent pcr method for detection of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli in foods.an automated fluorescence-based pcr system (a model ag-9600 amplisensor analyzer) was investigated to determine whether it could detect shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec). the amplisensor pcr assay involves amplification-mediated disruption of a fluorogenic dna signal duplex (amplisensor) that is homologous to conserved target sequences in a 323-bp amplified fragment of shiga toxin genes stx1, stx2, and stxe. using the amplisensor assay, we detected 113 strains of stec belonging to 50 ...19989797267
molecular detection, isolation, and physiological characterization of functionally dominant phenol-degrading bacteria in activated sludge.dna was isolated from phenol-digesting activated sludge, and partial fragments of the 16s ribosomal dna (rdna) and the gene encoding the largest subunit of multicomponent phenol hydroxylase (lmph) were amplified by pcr. an analysis of the amplified fragments by temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (tgge) demonstrated that two major 16s rdna bands (bands r2 and r3) and two major lmph gene bands (bands p2 and p3) appeared after the activated sludge became acclimated to phenol. the nucleotide s ...19989797297
a cold-adapted lipase of an alaskan psychrotroph, pseudomonas sp. strain b11-1: gene cloning and enzyme purification and characterization.a psychrotrophic bacterium producing a cold-adapted lipase upon growth at low temperatures was isolated from alaskan soil and identified as a pseudomonas strain. the lipase gene (lipp) was cloned from the strain and sequenced. the amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleotide sequence of the gene (924 bp) corresponded to a protein of 308 amino acid residues with a molecular weight of 33,714. lipp also has consensus motifs conserved in other cold-adapted lipases, i.e., lipase 2 from antarctic m ...19989464382
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