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genetic and physical analyses of caulobacter crescentus trp genes.caulobacter crescentus trp mutants were identified from a collection of auxotrophs. precursor feeding experiments, accumulation studies, and complementation experiments resulted in the identification of six genes corresponding to trpa, trpb, trpc, trpd, trpe, and trpf. genetic mapping experiments demonstrated that the trp genes were in two clusters, trpcde and trpfba, and a 5.4-kilobase restriction fragment from the c. crescentus chromosome was isolated that contained the trpfba gene cluster. co ...19846090420
nucleotide sequence of the promoter region of the xyldegf operon on tol plasmid of pseudomonas putida.the transcription initiation site of the xyldegf operon on the tol plasmid of pseudomonas putida mt-2 was determined in p. putida and in escherichia coli by s1 nuclease and reverse transcriptase mapping. the induced synthesis of mrna started at the same start point in both p. putida and e. coli, although the amount of mrna in e. coli cells was less than that in p. putida. the nucleotide sequence of the region surrounding the start point was also determined. the ribosome-binding site (rbs) comple ...19846092237
[introduction of the hybrid plasmid rp4::d3112 into pseudomonas putida cells requires the presence of specific mutation in the phage genome].the wild type of d3112, a transposable phage of pseudomonas aeruginosa can not be introduced as a portion of the hybrid plasmid rp4::d3112 into pseudomonas putida cells. it is only possible when phage d3112 carries mutations designated lpc (lethal for p. putida and escherichia coli). analysis of heteroduplex molecules between dnas of phages d3112w+ and d3112lpc demonstrated the absence of nonhomology regions, which suggests that lpc is a point mutation. the lpc2 mutation was located within the i ...19846086454
novel system for recognizing and eliminating foreign dna in pseudomonas putida.derivatives of pqsr49 (r1162::tn1) containing cloned fragments of escherichia coli chromosomal dna are stable in e. coli but unstable in pseudomonas putida. similar derivatives containing p. putida chromosomal dna are stable in both species. instability is a consequence of plasmid loss during growth and is not due to death or inhibition of growth of plasmid-containing cells. average copy numbers per cell of the unstable hybrid plasmids are similar to that of pqsr49, indicating that instability i ...19846086582
l-arginine utilization by pseudomonas species.the utilization of arginine was studied in several different pseudomonas species. the arginine decarboxylase and agmatine deiminase pathways were found to be characteristic of pseudomonas species of group i as defined by palleroni et al. (1974). pseudomonas putida strains had three distinct arginine catabolic pathways initiated by arginine decarboxylase, arginine deiminase and arginine oxidase, respectively. the two former routes were also present in p. fluorescens and p. mendocina and in p. aer ...19846423769
purification and properties of amino acid racemase from aeromonas punctata subsp. caviae.an amino acid racemase, which occurs in the cytoplasmic fraction of aeromonas punctata subsp. caviae, has been purified to homogeneity by the criteria of electrophoresis and ultracentrifugation. the enzyme has a molecular weight of about 80,000 and consists of two subunits identical in molecular weight (about 40,000). the enzyme contains 2 mol of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate per mol of enzyme, and exhibits absorption maxima at 280 nm and 420 nm. the holoenzyme is resolved by dialysis against hydroxyla ...19846427786
permeability of the boundary layers of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109j and its bdelloplasts to small hydrophilic molecules.measurements of the sucrose-permeable and -impermeable volumes during bdellovibrio bacteriovorus attack on escherichia coli or pseudomonas putida showed that the volume of the bdelloplast increased over that of the substrate cell. although the pattern of the increase differed with the two organisms, the volumes reached maximum at about 60 min into the bdellovibrio growth cycle. by this time, the cytoplasmic membranes of the attacked cells were completely permeable to sucrose. the kinetics of inc ...19846363383
relationship of lipoamide dehydrogenases from pseudomonas putida to other fad-linked dehydrogenases.pseudomonas putida produces two lipoamide dehydrogenases, lpd-glc and lpd-val. lpd-val is specifically required as the lipoamide dehydrogenase of branched-chain keto acid dehydrogenase and lpd-glc fulfills all other requirements for lipoamide dehydrogenase. both proteins are dimers with one fad per subunit. lpd-glc has an absorption maximum at 455 nm, but lpd-val has a maximum at 460 nm. comparison of amino acid compositions revealed that lpd-glc was more closely related to escherichia coli and ...19846373365
structural analysis of the cysteine-containing peptides from the major 3-methylcholanthrene-induced isozyme of cytochrome p-450 (p-450c) in rat liver microsomes.cytochrome p-450c, the major 3-methylcholanthrene-inducible isozyme of cytochrome p-450 in rat liver microsomes, was subjected to proteolytic digestion after s-carboxymethylation of the protein, and the peptides were resolved by high-pressure liquid chromatography. since it is now recognized that cytochromes p-450 contain a thiolate as the axial fifth ligand of the heme, seven peptides containing eight cysteines were subjected to microsequence analysis. one cysteine-containing peptide (tsa-56) w ...19846477879
formaldehyde dehydrogenase from pseudomonas putida: a zinc metalloenzyme.the nad+-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase from pseudomonas putida c-83 was found to contain 4 gram atoms of zinc per mol, corresponding to 2 gram atoms of zinc per subunit monomer. treatment of the enzyme with o-phenanthroline resulted in removal of 1 gram atom of zinc per subunit and caused a complete inactivation of the enzyme. the activity lost was restored by the addition of zinc ions, by which the zinc content was also reversed to almost the same level as that of the native enzyme. anot ...19846526822
phenolic 9,10-secosteroids as products of the catabolism of bile acids by a pseudomonas sp.the obligate aerobe, pseudomonas putida atcc 31752, efficiently utilises bile acids as a source of carbon and energy for growth and maintenance. when aeration is considerably restricted, a consequence to the catabolism of the bile acids in a fermentor is an accumulation of certain steroidal catabolites. evidence is presented to show that among these are hydroxy-9,10-seco-1,3,5 (10)-androstratriene-9, 17-diones and those from four of the common bile acids, cholic, chenodeoxycholic, hyodeoxycholic ...19846537051
tol plasmid can prevent induction of chemotactic responses to aromatic acids.growth conditions that elicited positive chemotaxis to benzoate and m-toluate in tol- pseudomonas putida cells failed to elicit taxis to these compounds in tol+ cells. the inability of tol+ cells to respond to these aromatic acids appears to be due to the preferential expression of tol-encoded genes for aromatic degradation over chromosomally encoded genes. expression of chromosomal genes for aromatic degradation is required for cells to form beta-ketoadipate, the inducer of benzoate and m-tolua ...19846501222
novel reactivity of cytochrome p-450-cam. methyl hydroxylation of 5,5-difluorocamphor.the interaction of the camphor hydroxylating p-450 isolated from pseudomonas putida grown on camphor (p-450-cam) with 5,5-difluorocamphor, a substrate analog in which the two methylene hydrogens at the normal site of hydroxylation have been replaced with fluorine, has been examined. this compound binds tightly to the enzyme with a dissociation constant and uv-visible absorption spectrum identical to that observed with d-camphor. in the presence of the reconstituted p-450-cam system, 5,5-difluoro ...19846501299
degradation of 3-chlorobenzoate in soil by pseudomonads carrying biodegradative plasmids.degradation of continuously added 3-chlorobenzoate (3-cb) was studied in samples of chernozem soil. soil columns were inoculated with pseudomonas putida growing on 3-cb and carrying the biodegradation plasmid and with pseudomonas aeruginosa incapable of growth on 3-cb and carrying the inserted biodegradation plasmid pbs 2 determining ortho-cleavage of the aromatic ring. while the 3-cb degradation was observed in both inoculated variants, the native microflora of the soil under study was incapabl ...19846745818
chemical modification of tyrosine residues at the active centre of cytochrome p-450 cam.soluble cytochrome p-450 cam from pseudomonas putida (ec 1.14.14.1) was chemically modified with tetranitromethane. at least five out of totally nine tyrosine residues are accessible to nitration as shown by tryptic peptide mapping using hplc. modification in the presence of the inhibitor metyrapone and subsequent peptide mapping indicate the location of one tyrosine residue at the active centre of cytochrome p-450 cam.19846532454
oxidation of glycine by pseudomonas putida requires a specific lipoamide dehydrogenase.pseudomonas putida produces two lipoamide dehydrogenases with molecular weights of 49,000 and 56,000 designated lpd-val and lpd-glc, respectively. lpd-val is required for oxidation of valine, since it is specifically utilized as the e3 component of branched-chain keto acid dehydrogenase. since glycine oxidation by bacteria and mammals also requires lipoamide dehydrogenase, we desired to determine which lipoamide dehydrogenase would be used by the p. putida glycine oxidation system. when grown in ...19846546487
reversal by dna amplifications of an unusual mutation blocking alkane and alcohol utilization in pseudomonas putida.we analyzed the reversion of strains carrying alk208, a mutation in the alkbac (alkane utilization) region of the pseudomonas cam-oct plasmid. reversion of alk208 was stimulated 25 to 75-fold by small doses of uv-irradiation. all alkane hydroxylase-positive (alkb+) revertants proved to be aliphatic alcohol dehydrogenase-positive (alkc+) as well, whereas alkc+ revertants could be either alkb+ or alkb-. most of the alkb- alkc+ partial revertants produced alkc- segregants at measurable frequencies. ...19846597334
camphor hydroxylase of pseudomonas putida: vestiges of sequence homology in cytochrome p-450cam, putidaredoxin, and related proteins.the amino acid sequences of cytochrome p-450cam and putidaredoxin of the camphor hydroxylase [camphor, reduced-putida-ferredoxin:oxygen oxidoreductase (5-hydroxylating), ec 1.14.15.1] of pseudomonas putida are compared to each other and then to the sequences of bovine adrenodoxin and cytochrome b5. the comparisons reveal areas of homology indicating that these four proteins may share a common evolutionary origin. moreover, homologous segments can be recognized by proper alignment of the sequence ...19846584899
p-chloromercuribenzoate specifically modifies thiols associated with the active sites of beta-ketoadipate enol-lactone hydrolase and succinyl coa: beta-ketoadipate coa transferase.beta-ketoadipate enol-lactone hydrolase (ec 3.1.1.24) and succinyl coa: beta-ketoadipate transferase (ec 2.8.3.6) catalyze consecutive metabolic reactions in bacteria. the enzymes appear to be members of different families of related proteins. enzymes within the enol-lactone hydrolase family appear to have diverged so extensively that common ancestry sometimes is not directly evident from comparison of nh2-terminal amino acid sequences of the proteins. amino acid sequences at or near the active ...19846591865
[oral infection wtih pseudomonas putida]. 19846599728
coding nucleotide sequence of 3-methylcholanthrene-inducible cytochrome p-450d cdna from rat liver.we determined the coding nucleotide sequence of the mrna for a 3-methylcholanthrene-inducible cytochrome p-450, p-450d, of rat liver by sequence analysis of cloned cdnas. the predicted amino acid sequence of the cytochrome is composed of 513 amino acids, and its nh2-terminal sequence of 30 amino acids completely coincides with that reported from analysis of the purified cytochrome p-450d. the amino acid composition of the deduced sequence also agrees well with that determined from the purified p ...19846584898
aromatic acids are chemoattractants for pseudomonas putida.a quantitative capillary assay was used to show that aromatic acids, compounds that are chemorepellents for escherichia coli and salmonella sp., are chemoattractants for pseudomonas putida prs2000. the most effective attractants were benzoate; p-hydroxybenzoate; the methylbenzoates; m-, p-, and o-toluate; salicylate; dl-mandelate; beta-phenylpyruvate; and benzoylformate. the chemotactic responses to these compounds were inducible. taxis to benzoate and m-toluate was induced by beta-ketoadipate, ...19846501217
metabolism of alpha-terpineol by pseudomonas incognita.details of the metabolism of alpha-terpineol by pseudomonas incognita are presented. degradation of alpha-terpineol by this organism resulted in the formation of a number of acidic and neutral metabolites. among the acidic metabolites, beta-isopropyl pimelic acid, 1-hydroxy-4-isopropenyl-cyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid, 8-hydroxycumic acid, oleuropeic acid, cumic acid, and p-isopropenyl benzoic acid have been identified. neutral metabolites identified were limonene, p-cymene-8-ol, 2-hydroxycineole ...19846525582
3-chloro-d-alanine chloride-lyase (deaminating) of pseudomonas putida cr 1-1. 19846427787
inactivation of the pseudomonas striata broad specificity amino acid racemase by d and l isomers of beta-substituted alanines: kinetics, stoichiometry, active site peptide, and mechanistic studies.mechanism-based inactivators were used to probe the active site of the broad specificity amino acid racemase from pseudomonas striata. kinetic parameters for the inactivation of the racemase with both stereoisomers of beta-fluoroalanine, beta-chloroalanine, and o-acetylserine were determined. by use of 14c-labeled o-acetylserines, the stoichiometry of inactivator binding was found to be one inactivator bound per enzyme subunit. the plp-dependent enzyme contains one coenzyme per subunit, and afte ...19846439237
nucleotide sequence surrounding transcription initiation site of xylabc operon on tol plasmid of pseudomonas putida.the xylabc operon on the tol plasmid directs the synthesis of enzymes for conversion of toluene to benzoate and is positively controlled by the regulatory gene xylr. in the study here the nucleotide sequence was determined for the regulatory region of this operon. the in vivo transcription initiation site of the operon was determined by s1 nuclease and reverse transcriptase mapping. rna was prepared from m-methylbenzyl alcohol-induced cells of pseudomonas putida and escherichia coli carrying ptn ...19846324212
the use of mudlac transposons as tools for vital staining to visualize clonal and non-clonal patterns of organization in bacterial growth on agar surfaces.when a histochemical stain for beta-galactosidase activity is applied to growth of gram-negative bacteria on agar medium, the pigmentation is non-uniform and capable of revealing internal colony organization into different cell types. use of an escherichia coli strain with a thermosensitive lac repressor indicates that colonies expand by addition of new cells at the periphery and that older cells which have synthesized beta-galactosidase early in development remain in the centre. mixed inocula o ...19846206197
escherichia coli and pseudomonas putida rna polymerases display identical contacts with promoters.methylation protection experiments with four promoters (p1 and p2 of the pbr322 plasmid, lacuv5 and lambda p0) have shown that the rna polymerases from escherichia coli and pseudomonas putida, while differing in the primary structure of the subunits involved in dna binding, display identical patterns of dna contacts. nor do these enzymes differ in covalent cross-linking patterns with a partially apurinized promoter. we conclude that the two rna polymerases have very similar structures of dna bin ...19846236350
enzyme recruitment in vitro: use of cloned genes to extend the range of haloaromatics degraded by pseudomonas sp. strain b13.dna fragments containing the xyld and xyll genes of tol plasmid pww0 -161 of pseudomonas putida, which code for the catabolic enzymes toluate 1,2-dioxygenase and dihydrodihydroxybenzoic acid dehydrogenase, respectively, and the nahg gene of the nah plasmid nah7 , which codes for salicylate hydroxylase, were cloned in pbr322 vector plasmid. deletion and insertion mutagenesis were used to localize these genes with respect to crucial endonuclease cleavage sites. the pbr322-based plasmids were ligat ...19846327621
isolation and expression of rhizobium japonicum cloned dna encoding an early soybean nodulation function.a first visible step in the nodulation of legumes by rhizobium spp. is the deformation and curling of root hairs. we have identified and cloned dna sequences encoding this function from two strains of rhizobium japonicum (usda 122 and usda 110) with a weakly homologous probe from rhizobium meliloti. root hair curling encoded by the cloned dna fragments was examined on soybeans (glycine soja ) after conjugative transfer of these sequences in broad-host-range vectors to various bacterial genera. p ...19846327649
transposon tn5 encodes streptomycin resistance in nonenteric bacteria.strains of caulobacter crescentus, pseudomonas putida, acinetobacter calcoaceticus, rhizobium meliloti, and rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides carrying the kanamycin resistance-encoding transposon tn5 were 15 to 500 times more resistant to streptomycin than transposon-free strains. the streptomycin resistance determinant, which is separable from the kanamycin resistance determinant of tn5, was not expressed in escherichia coli or klebsiella aerogenes.19846330041
use of ureidopenicillins for selection of plasmid vector transformants in pseudomonas aeruginosa and pseudomonas putida.broad-host-range plasmids coding for beta-lactamase were successfully selected after transformation of pseudomonas strains. transformants of both pseudomonas aeruginosa and pseudomonas putida containing plasmid pro1614 were isolated in media containing low concentrations of piperacillin. these strains were also susceptible to other ureidopenicillins. similar selections of transformants with carbenicillin, ampicillin, or ticarcillin required high concentrations of antibiotics and yielded backgrou ...19846321446
pseudomonas putida in transfused blood. 19846145996
isolation and characterization of pseudomonas putida ppf1 mutants defective in the toluene dioxygenase enzyme system.pseudomonas putida ppf1 degraded toluene via a dihydrodiol pathway to tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates. the initial reaction was catalyzed by a multicomponent enzyme, toluene dioxygenase, which oxidized toluene to (+)-cis-1(s),2(r)-dihydroxy-3-methylcyclohexa-3,5-diene (cis-toluene dihydrodiol). the enzyme consisted of three protein components: nadh-ferredoxintol oxidoreductase (reductasetol), ferredoxintol, and a terminal oxygenase which is an iron-sulfur protein (isptol). mutants blocked ...19846501223
an investigation of the iron-sulphur proteins of benzene dioxygenase from pseudomonas putida by electron-spin-resonance spectroscopy.benzene dioxygenase from pseudomonas putida comprises three components, namely a flavoprotein (nadh:ferredoxin oxidoreductase; mr 81000), an intermediate electron-transfer protein, or ferredoxin (mr 12000) with a [2fe-2s] cluster, and a terminal dioxygenase containing two [2fe-2s] iron-sulphur clusters (mr 215000), which requires two additional fe2+ atoms/molecule for oxygenase activity. the ferredoxin and the dioxygenase give e.s.r. signals in the reduced state with rhombic symmetry and average ...19846324743
effect of restricted aeration on catabolism of cholic acid by two pseudomonas species.examination of some previously isolated bile acid-utilizing pseudomonas strains showed that pseudomonas sp. atcc 31752, together with other fluorescent strains, can be assigned to pseudomonas putida biotype b, whereas pseudomonas sp. atcc 31753, like most other nonfluorescent strains, is an unrecognized phenotype. a study was made of the growth of these two species at 25 degrees c and ph 7.0 in a fermentor with 2.5 g of sodium cholate liter-1 as sole carbon source, and the catabolism of the chol ...19846476826
[effect of plasmids from various incompatibility groups on the development of bacteriophages specific to pseudomonas aeruginosa and pseudomonas putida].the aim of this work was to study the effect of plasmids belonging to different incompatibility groups on the growth of bacteriophages in pseudomonas aeruginosa and pseudomonas putida strains. the growth of bacteriophages was shown to be limited most often due to the presence in cells of plasmids belonging to the p-2 incompatibility group. plasmids of the inc p-2 group differed from one another in the spectrum of bacteriophages whose growth they limited. phages whose growth was suppressed in str ...19846431239
[phosphate and glucose accumulation by pseudomonas cultures in relation to their arsenic resistance].the effect of arsenite and arsenate on 14c-glucose and 32-p-phosphate transport was studied in the cells of pseudomonas aeruginosa 561 sensitive to arsenite and in the cells of pseudomonas putida 18 oxidizing arsenite and resistant to arsenic. transport and accumulation of phosphate and glucose were inhibited in the presence of arsenite in the cells of p. aeruginosa 561 whereas arsenate inhibited only phosphate accumulation. arsenite and arsenate had hardly any effect at the initial transport ra ...19846439982
hydroxyproline 2-epimerase of pseudomonas. subunit structure and active site studies.hydroxyproline 2-epimerase of pseudomonas putida was purified to homogeneity by an improved procedure. the native enzyme consists of two probably identical subunits. alkylation of the active site with labeled reagents resulted in the loss of 80-85% of the activity but the incorporation of only one alkyl group even though the active site contains a cys residue from each of the two subunits. this result suggests that the enzyme shows half-site reactivity. the labeled enzyme was further subjected t ...19846706934
proton magnetic resonance studies of 7fe ferredoxins. three redox states of the [4fe-4s] cluster in a pseudomonas ovalis ferredoxin.the oxidizability of a redox couple, [4fe-4s], in a 7fe ferredoxin extracted from pseudomonas ovalis was monitored by 1h-nmr. the iron-sulfur cluster in the ferredoxin was not only reducible (nagayama et al., 1983) but also oxidizable in its native form. this result provided the first verification of 3 redox states for a redox center in ferredoxin, 4fe, in the native form of the protein.19846745423
plasmid-determined silver resistance in pseudomonas stutzeri isolated from a silver mine.a silver-resistant strain of pseudomonas stutzeri was isolated from a silver mine. it harbored three plasmids, the largest of which (pkk1; molecular weight, 49.4 x 10(6)) specified silver resistance. plasmid pkk1 was apparently nonconjugative but could be transferred to pseudomonas putida by mobilization with plasmid r68.45.19846715284
purification of bacterial l-methionine gamma-lyase.a rapid procedure for the purification of l-methionine gamma-lyase from pseudomonas putida icr 3460 by deae- toyopearl 650m and deae-sephadex a-50 column chromatography is presented. the enzyme was purified with an average yield of 75% and showed about 10-fold higher specific activity than the enzyme from p. putida (= p. ovalis) ifo 3738 reported previously (h. tanaka, n. esaki , and k. soda (1976) febs lett. 66, 307-311). the present enzyme has a molecular weight of about 172,000 and consists o ...19846742420
microbial transformation of esters of chlorinated carboxylic acids.two groups of compounds were selected for microbial transformation studies. in the first group were carboxylic acid esters having a fixed aromatic moiety and an increasing length of the alkyl component. ethyl esters of chlorine-substituted carboxylic acids were in the second group. microorganisms from environmental waters and a pure culture of pseudomonas putida u were used. the bacterial populations were monitored by plate counts, and disappearance of the parent compound was followed by gas-liq ...198416346459
suicide inactivation of catechol 2,3-dioxygenase from pseudomonas putida mt-2 by 3-halocatechols.the inactivation of catechol 2,3-dioxygenase from pseudomonas putida mt-2 by 3-chloro- and 3-fluorocatechol and the iron-chelating agent tiron (catechol-3,5-disulfonate) was studied. whereas inactivation by tiron is an oxygen-independent and mostly reversible process, inactivation by the 3-halocatechols was only observed in the presence of oxygen and was largely irreversible. the rate constants for inactivation (k(2)) were 1.62 x 10 sec for 3-chlorocatechol and 2.38 x 10 sec for 3-fluorocatechol ...198416346490
mixed continuous cultures of polyvinyl alcohol-utilizing symbionts pseudomonas putida vm15a and pseudomonas sp. strain vm15c.stable mixed continuous cultures of pseudomonas sp. strain vm15c and pseudomonas putida vm15a, the former of which produced a polyvinyl alcohol (pva)-degrading enzyme and the latter of which produced an essential growth factor for pva utilization by strain vm15c, were established with pva as the sole source of carbon and energy with chemostat cultivation. a high extent of pva degradation was achieved at dilution rates of less than 0.030/h. the predominant strain in the cultures was the primary m ...198416346642
cadmium-resistant pseudomonas putida synthesizes novel cadmium proteins.three cysteine-rich proteins of molecular weight 4000 to 7000, containing 4 to 7 gram atoms of cadmium, zinc, and copper per mole were isolated from pseudomonas putida growing in 3 mm cadmium. the three proteins were induced during different phases of growth, and the smallest (molecular weight 3600; 3 gram atoms of cadmium) was released into the medium when the cells lysed. the results of amino acid analyses and of ultraviolet, circular dichroism, electron paramagnetic resonance, and cadmium-113 ...198417783048
structure and function of the trp3 gene of saccharomyces cerevisiae: analysis of transcription, promoter sequence, and sequence coding for a glutamine amidotransferase.the structure and function of the trp3 gene of saccharomyces cerevisiae were analyzed. subcloning of an original 4.8 kb bamhi dna fragment, carrying the yeast trp3 gene, allowed for a localization of the gene on a 2.5 kb clai/bamhi fragment. transcription was found to proceed from the clai site towards the bamhi site. three major transcription start sites were determined at positions -92, -87, and -81 by s1-mapping. the synthesis of the trp3 gene is regulated by the general control, and was foun ...198424177735
sand administration as an instrument for biofilm control of pseudomonas putida atcc 11172 in chemostat cultures.pseudomonas putida atcc 11172 was grown in chemostat on l-asparagine or phenol as the sole, limiting carbon and energy source. the growth characteristics of a culture where a biofilm was present, were compared with one where the biofilm was strongly reduced by the grinding and shearing effect of sand suspended in the culture. in the presence of the intact biofilm, the curve of steady-state biomass versus dilution rate diverged greatly from the theoretical pattern predicted by conventional chemos ...198518553582
acetate inhibition of pseudomonas putida.to study the effect of acetate inhibition on the parameters of yield and maintenance for bacterial growth, pseudomonas putida atcc 23467 was grown in a minimal salts medium with acetate as the sole carbon source with limiting and with excess quantities of urea in the feed medium. the behavior of the chemostat cultures under sole acetate limitation results in low residual acetate present in the fermentation broth. these cultures can be described satisfactorily using the equation q(s) = d/y(g) + m ...198518553826
localization of polyvinyl alcohol oxidase produced by a bacterial symbiont, pseudomonas sp. strain vm15c.an axenic culture of a polyvinyl alcohol (pva)-degrading symbiont, pseudomonas sp. strain vm15c, was established on pva with a crude preparation of the growth factor (factor a) produced by the symbiotic partner pseudomonas putida vm15a. an increase of factor a in the culture medium enhanced the cell-associated pva oxidase activity as well as the growth rate, but decreased production of extracellular pva oxidase. pva oxidase in cells grown on pva was present in the periplasmic space at a higher r ...198516346711
formation of filaments by pseudomonas putida.when pseudomonas putida 40 was grown on a variety of liquid media in which oxygen became a limiting factor during growth, the latter stages of growth involved the elongation of cells without septation, which can result in the complete filamentation of the culture (up to several hundred micrometers long). the filaments appeared to consist of a chain of protoplasts within a common sacculus. later these filaments were capable of a rapid fragmentation by septation to give a population of ordinary ro ...198516346856
enhancement of pyrroloquinoline quinone production and polyvinyl alcohol degradation in mixed continuous cultures of pseudomonas putida vm15a and pseudomonas sp. strain vm15c with mixed carbon sources.in a mixed continuous culture of pseudomonas putida vm15a and pseudomonas sp. strain vm15c with polyvinyl alcohol (pva) as the sole source of carbon, growth of the pva-degrading bacterium vm15c and, hence, pva degradation were limited by the growth factor, pyrroloquinoline quinone, produced by vm15a. feeding of a carbon source for vm15a, ethanol, with pva enhanced pyrroloquinoline quinone production and caused increases in the vm15c population and pva degradation in a mixed continuous culture. t ...198516346804
population dynamics of soil pseudomonads in the rhizosphere of potato (solanum tuberosum l.).rhizosphere population dynamics of seven pseudomonas fluorescens and pseudomonas putida strains isolated from rhizospheres of various agricultural plants were studied on potato (solanum tuberosum l.) in field soil under controlled environmental conditions. rhizosphere populations of two strains (b10 and b4) were quantitatively related to initial seed piece inoculum levels when plants were grown at -0.3 bar matric potential. at a given inoculum level, rhizosphere populations of strain b4 were con ...198516346729
interaction of pseudomonas putida atcc 12633 and bacteriophage gh-1 in berea sandstone rock.measurements of the passage of pseudomonas putida atcc 12633 and a phage-resistant mutant through berea sandstone rock were made. when bacteriophage gh-1 was adsorbed within the rock matrix, a reduction in the passage of the susceptible but not the resistant cells through the rock was observed.198516346956
characterization of bacteria by particle beam mass spectrometry.a technique is described for detecting and characterizing bacteria on a single-particle basis by mass spectrometry. the method involves generation of a particle beam of single whole cells which are rapidly volatilized and ionized in vacuum in the ion source of a quadrupole mass spectrometer. the particle beam can be generated, with minimal sample handling, from a naturally occurring aerosol or from a solution of bacteria that can be dispersed as an aerosol. the mass spectrum is generated by succ ...198516346802
[glucose consumption and dehydrogenase activity of the cells of the arsenite-oxidizing bacterium pseudomonas putida].the rates of glucose assimilation and dehydrogenase activity were studied in pseudomonas putida oxidizing arsenite. the rate of glucose utilization by the cells decreased in the presence of arsenites in the medium at the beginning because of the microbial adaptation to arsenite. the activity of dehydrogenase fell down when the cells were cultivated in the medium with arsenite. an inverse correlation existed between the rate of glucose assimilation and arsenite oxidation. apparently, arsenites we ...19854058329
beta-casomorphin immunoreactive materials in cows' milk incubated with various bacterial species.to obtain information about the possible release of beta-casomorphins from beta-casein under in vitro conditions, cows' milk was incubated with 13 strains of gram-negative or gram-positive bacterial species isolated from bovine milk. after incubation periods of 1-24 d, milk samples were assayed for beta-casomorphin-4, -5, -6 or -7 immunoreactive materials. in general, no beta-casomorphin immunoreactive material was found in samples incubated with non-caseolytic strains, e.g. pseudomonas putida o ...19853989066
a simple most probable number method for the enumeration of sulphate-reducing bacteria in biocide containing waters.a simple most probable number (mpn) method has been developed for the enumeration of sulphate-reducing bacteria (srb) in biocide-containing waters. the medium used is based on source water, it contains no toxic thioglycollate and is resistant to oxidation through mishandling. reduction is by a suspension of pseudomonas putida which acts as a powerful adsorbent of biguanide, phenolic, quaternary ammonium compound, glutaraldehyde and isothiazolone biocides. good recoveries of srb type strains were ...19853997694
crystal structure of muconate lactonizing enzyme at 6.5 a resolution.we have obtained crystals of pseudomonas putida muconate lactonizing enzyme. they diffract to better than 2.4 a resolution and have two monomers in the asymmetric unit, related by a non-crystallographic 2-fold axis. the cell dimensions are 139.3 a x 139.3 a x 84.1 a, and the space group is i4. the electron density map at 6.5 a resolution shows that the enzyme is an octamer with d4 symmetry.19853999146
purification and some properties of two isofunctional juglone hydroxylases from pseudomonas putida j1.juglone-induced cells of pseudomonas putida j 1 were shown to contain two isofunctional juglone hydroxylases. both enzymes were purified about 125-fold to homogeneity in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the molecular masses of the native enzymes, as determined by sephacryl s-200 gel filtration were 59 000 da for enzyme 1 and 56 000 da for enzyme 2. the molecular masses of the subunits were determined by dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis as 25 000 da (enzyme 1) and 23 500 da ( ...19854041238
immunological and structural relatedness of catabolic ornithine carbamoyltransferases and the anabolic enzymes of enterobacteria.purified catabolic ornithine carbamoyltransferase of pseudomonas putida and anabolic ornithine carbamoyltransferase (argf product) of escherichia coli k-12 were used to prepare antisera. the two specific antisera gave heterologous cross-reactions of various intensities with bacterial catabolic ornithine carbamoyltransferases formed by pseudomonas and representative organisms of other bacterial genera. the immunological cross-reactivity observed only between the catabolic ornithine carbamoyltrans ...19853968036
toxic effects of chlorinated and brominated alkanoic acids on pseudomonas putida pp3: selection at high frequencies of mutations in genes encoding dehalogenases.mutant strains of pseudomonas putida pp3 capable of utilizing monochloroacetate (mca) and dichloroacetate (dca) as the sole sources of carbon and energy were isolated from chemostat cultures. the mutants differed from the parent strain in that they could grow on products of mca and dca dehalogenation (catalyzed by inducible dehalogenases i and ii) and were resistant to growth inhibition by the two substrates. the growth inhibition of strain pp3 by mca, dca, and other halogenated alkanoic acids w ...19854015087
conjugative mapping of pyruvate, 2-ketoglutarate, and branched-chain keto acid dehydrogenase genes in pseudomonas putida mutants.branched-chain keto acid dehydrogenase, an enzyme in the common pathway of branched-chain amino acid catabolism of pseudomonas putida, is a multienzyme complex which catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of branched-chain keto acids. the objective of the present study was to isolate strains with mutations of this and other keto acid dehydrogenases and to map the location of the mutations on the chromosome of p. putida. several strains with mutations of branched-chain keto acid dehydrogenase, t ...19853980435
effect of carbon dioxide on growth of pseudomonas putida atcc 11172 on asparagine, citrate, glucose, and lactate in batch and continuous culture.the growth of pseudomonas putida atcc 11172 on l-asparagine, citrate, d-glucose, and l-lactate was followed in air and in 40% co2 + air, using batch and carbon-limited continuous cultures. batch cultures in air utilized a mixture of the carbon sources simultaneously. however, a change to 40% co2 favoured the utilization of glucose. the maximum specific growth rate (mumax) in air was about 0.3 h-1 on glucose and 0.6 h-1 on the other carbon sources. in co2, the mumax for glucose was reduced by 16% ...19853936609
measuring the spermosphere colonizing capacity (spermosphere competence) of bacterial inoculants.spermosphere establishment by bacteria which were coated onto seeds was studied using soybean seeds treated with four bacterial strains at levels of log10 1 to 4 colony-forming units (cfu) per seed planted in a field soil mix, and incubated 48 h. each strain at every inoculum level developed spermosphere population densities of log10 4 to 8 cfu/seed, demonstrating an average multiplication of log10 3 cfu/seed. an alternative method was developed to differentially rank bacteria for spermosphere c ...19853933804
[catabolism of biphenyl by pseudomonas putida bs 893 strain containing the biodegradation plasmid pbs241].the isolation and identification of biphenyl catabolism products in pseudomonas putida bs 893 (pbs241) showed the presence of benzoic, m-hydroxybenzoic and cinnamic acids. the two latter compounds were not found in biphenyl degradation by other bacterial strains. p. putida bs 893 (pbs241) differed from other biphenyl-positive pseudomonas strains in the enzyme activity. these differences may stem from peculiarities in the pathway of biphenyl catabolism controlled by plasmid pbs241.19854094576
the active transport of 2-keto-d-gluconate in vesicles prepared from pseudomonas purida.the transport of 2-keto-d-gluconate (alpha-d-arabino-2-hexulopyranosonic acid; 2kga) in vesicles prepared from glucose-grown pseudomonas putida occurs by a saturable process with a km of 110.0 +/- 2.9 microm and a vmax. of 0.55 +/- 0.04 nmol x min-1 x (mg of protein)-1. the provision of phenazine methosulphate/ascorbate or l-malate leads to an accumulation of intravescular 2kga, a decrease in the km value to 50 +/- 2.1 microm and 35 +/- 2.9 microm respectively and no change in the vmax. in the p ...19854004814
tol plasmid pww15 contains two nonhomologous, independently regulated catechol 2,3-oxygenase genes.pseudomonas putida mt15 contains a 250-kilobase-pair (kbp) tol plasmid pww15, encoding toluene and xylene catabolism, which undergoes large spontaneous deletions to give two classes of mutants with altered catabolic phenotypes (h. keil and p. a. williams, j. gen. microbiol, 131:1023-1033, 1985). two structural genes for catechol 2,3-oxygenase (c23o) were cloned from pww15. the gene for c23oi was located on the 2.1-kbp xhoi fragment xh, whereas that for c23oii was found on the 11.5-kbp bamhi frag ...19854008443
[regulation of the synthesis of the key enzymes for naphthalene catabolism in pseudomonas putida and pseudomonas fluorescens carrying the biodegradation plasmids nah, pbs3, pbs2 and npl-1].regulation of the synthesis of key enzymes catalysing naphthalene catabolism was studied in pseudomonas strains containing different plasmids of naphthalene biodegradation. the synthesis of naphthalene oxygenase, salicylate hydroxylase, catechol-1,2-oxygenase and cathechol-2,3-oxygenase was shown to be regulated in both the coordinated and non-coordinated manner.19853937034
evidence against a temperature-dependent conformational change in urocanase from pseudomonas putida.enzymatic activity of urocanase (4-imidazolone-5-propionate hydro-lyase, ec 4.2.1.49) has an unusual resistance to temperature changes, and a temperature-dependent conformational change has been suggested (hug, d.h. and hunter, j.k. (1974) biochemistry 13, 1427-1431). a conformational change or dissociation has been proposed in the range of 29-31 degrees c (cohn, m.s., lynch, m.c. and phillips, a.t. (1975) biochim. biophys. acta 377, 444-453). in this work, no evidence was found for a temperatur ...19854016124
[stability of the npl-1 and npl-41 plasmids of naphthalene biodegradation in pseudomonas putida populations in continuous culture].the stability of biodegradation plasmids npl-1 and npl-41, which control the synthesis of enzymes for naphthalene oxidation to salicylate, was studied in pseudomonas putida bsa under the conditions of its continuous cultivation with limitation in glucose or salicylate in the chemostat regime and without limitation in the ph-stat regime. plasmid npl-1, which controls the inducible synthesis of naphthalene oxygenase, is stable in the population of p. putida cells under the conditions of continuous ...19854058326
formation and properties of flavoprotein-cytochrome hybrids by recombination of subunits from different species.p-cresol methylhydroxylases from four different pseudomonads differ in their isoelectric points and, to a lesser extent, in mr values and substrate specificity. the enzymes from three species were isolated in homogeneous form, then resolved into their flavoprotein and cytochrome subunits, and the subunits were recombined to yield the nine possible hybrids (i.e. three intraspecies and six interspecies). the resulting flavocytochromes showed extensive similarities in steady-state kinetic parameter ...19854062904
degradation of lawsone by pseudomonas putida l2.from humus obtained from stuttgart, a bacterium was isolated with lawsone (2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) as selective source of carbon. this bacterium is capable of utilizing lawsone as sole source of carbon and energy. morphological and physiological characteristics of the bacterium were examined and it was identified as a strain of pseudomonas putida. the organism is referred to as pseudomonas putida l2. the degradation of lawsone by pseudomonas putida l2 was investigated. salicylic acid and c ...19854063065
development of broad-host-range vectors for expression of cloned genes in pseudomonas.the cloning and expression of genes in pseudomonas have been difficult, until now, due to the absence of vector systems that contain multiple restriction sites downstream from promoter sequences that are functional in pseudomonas. we report here the construction of several broad-host-range vectors that can be utilized in either pseudomonas or escherichia coli and that rely on easily selectable antibiotic resistance markers with multiple cloning sites. these vectors were constructed by inserting ...19854065575
the 2.6-a crystal structure of pseudomonas putida cytochrome p-450.the crystal structure of pseudomonas putida cytochrome p-450cam in the ferric, camphor bound form has been determined and partially refined to r = 0.23 at 2.6 a. the single 414 amino acid polypeptide chain (mr = 45,000) approximates a triangular prism with a maximum dimension of approximately 60 a and a minimum of approximately 30 a. twelve helical segments (a through l) account for approximately 40% of the structure while antiparallel beta pairs account for only approximately 10%. the unexposed ...19854066706
resolution of the flavocytochrome p-cresol methylhydroxylase into subunits and reconstitution of the enzyme.an improved procedure is described for the isolation of the flavocytochrome p-cresol methylhydroxylase (pcmh) from pseudomonas putida as well as methods for the separation of its subunits in native form and their recombination to reconstitute the original flavocytochrome. under appropriate conditions, the reconstitution is stoichiometric and results in complete recovery of the catalytic activity of the flavocytochrome. the separated flavoprotein subunit shows only 2% of the catalytic activity of ...19854074695
protein-protein interactions and antigenic relationships between the components of 4-methoxybenzoate monooxygenase and of benzene 1,2-dioxygenase from pseudomonas putida.the investigations presented in this paper were performed on two enzyme systems from pseudomonas putida: (a) 4-methoxybenzoate monooxygenase, consisting of a nadh: putidamonooxin oxidoreductase and putidamonooxin, the oxygen-activating component, and (b) benzene 1,2-dioxygenase, a three-component enzyme system with an nadh: ferredoxin oxidoreductase, functioning together with a plant-type ferredoxin as electron-transport chain, and an oxygen-activating component similar to putidamonooxin in its ...19854076185
degradation of phenol by pseudomonas putida atcc 11172 in continuous culture at different ratios of biofilm surface to culture volume.pseudomonas putida atcc 11172 was grown in continuous culture with phenol as the only carbon and energy source; a culture practically without biofilm was compared with biofilm cultures of differing surface area/volume ratios. the biofilm did not significantly affect the maximal suspended cell concentration in the effluent, but it increased the maximal phenol reduction rate from 0.23 g/liter per h (without biofilm) to 0.72 g/liter per h at the highest biofilm level (5.5 cm2 of biofilm surface per ...19854083889
tyrosine motions in relation to the ferric spin equilibrium of cytochrome p-450cam.second derivative spectroscopy was used to determine the percentage of tyrosine residues that are exposed to solvent in cytochrome p-450cam isolated from pseudomonas putida. the ratio between two peak to trough second derivative absorbance differences has been shown to be dependent on the polarity of the microenvironment surrounding tyrosine residues [ragone, r., colonana, g., balestrieri, c., servillo, l., & irace, g. (1984) biochemistry 23, 1871]. with a number of camphor analogues that indepe ...19854084552
versatile mercury-resistant cloning and expression vectors.cloning vectors have been constructed employing two diverse replicons, incq and p15a. both vectors confer resistance to kanamycin (km) and mercuric ions (hg2+). one of these vectors, pdg105, is a broad-host-range, nonconjugative, oligocopy incq plasmid, which is capable of transforming escherichia coli, acinetobacter calcoaceticus, and pseudomonas putida. the second vector, pdg106, is a narrow-host-range, multicopy cloning vector compatible with pbr322. both vectors contain unique cloning sites ...19854092936
cloning of the gene for the common pathogenic neisseria h.8 antigen from neisseria gonorrhoeae.neisseria gonorrhoeae dna that encodes the pathogenic neisseria h.8 common antigen was cloned in the lambda phage sep6. the recombinant phage, designated s6h.8, was detected immunologically with a monoclonal antibody that binds to the h.8 antigen. the gonococcal and s6h.8 forms of the antigen yielded identical partial proteolysis epitope maps. neisseria species that did not manifest the h.8 antigen showed little or no dna homology with s6h.8. this clone should facilitate investigation into the c ...19852981198
purification and properties of ferredoxintol. a component of toluene dioxygenase from pseudomonas putida f1.toluene dioxygenase oxidizes toluene to (+)-cis-1(s),2(r)-dihydroxy-3-methylcyclohexa-3,5-diene. this reaction is catalyzed by a multienzyme system that is induced in cells of pseudomonas putida f1 during growth on toluene. one of the components of toluene dioxygenase has been purified to homogeneity and shown to be an iron-sulfur protein that has been designated ferredoxintol. the molecular weight of ferredoxintol was calculated to be 15,300, and the purified protein was shown to contain 2 g of ...19852982815
the site of cyclic amp-dependent protein kinase catalyzed phosphorylation of cytochrome p-450 lm2.the phenobarbital-inducible form of cytochrome p-450 purified from rabbit liver microsomes is phosphorylated by camp-dependent protein kinase at a single site, the serine residue in position 128 of the amino acid sequence. the serine is located in a characteristic recognition sequence for camp-dependent protein kinase and is part of a primary structure which is conserved during evolution, present also in phenobarbital-inducible rat cytochrome and cytochrome p-450 cam from pseudomonas putida. the ...19852991008
minimum bacterial density for bacteriophage replication: implications for significance of bacteriophages in natural ecosystems.bacteriophage 80 alpha did not increase in number in cultures containing less than about 1.0 x 10(4) to 1.5 x 10(4) cfu of staphylococcus aureus per ml, but bacteriophage replication did occur when the number of bacteria exceeded this density, either initially or as a result of host cell multiplication. the minimum density of an asporogenous strain of bacillus subtilis required for an increase in the number of bacteriophage sp beta ci was about 3 x 10(4) cfu/ml. the threshold density of escheric ...19853156556
identification of the promoter of the pseudomonas gene coding for carboxypeptidase g2.a 213-bp region of noncoding dna upstream of the atg start codon of the pseudomonas carboxypeptidase g2 (cpg2) structural gene has been shown to contain the cpg2 promoter. the mrna start point (+1) on the dna sequence has been identified by mapping the 5' end of the cpg2 transcript. the identified promoter region contains a -10 region (tataag) that closely resembles the escherichia coli consensus sequence (tataat), but has no easily recognisable -35 region. the lack of homology in the -35 region ...19853839252
genes specifying degradation of 3-chlorobenzoic acid in plasmids pac27 and pjp4.all of the structural genes for 3-chlorobenzoate degradation are clustered in a 4.2-kilobase (kb) region of plasmid pac25 (or pac27) in pseudomonas putida. an approximate 10-kb dna segment containing three structural genes for chlorocatechol metabolism present on plasmid pjp4 in alcaligenes eutrophus shows homology with the above 4.2-kb region of pac27. in spite of the detectable sequence homology in the structural genes present on both plasmids, the regulation of their expression seems quite di ...19853856842
5-oxo-l-prolinase from pseudomonas putida. 19853911007
use of cloned genes of pseudomonas tol plasmid to effect biotransformation of benzoates to cis-dihydrodiols and catechols by escherichia coli cells.dna fragments containing the xyld and xyll genes, which specify the broad-specificity enzymes toluate-1,2-dioxygenase and 3,5-cyclohexadiene-1,2-diol-1-carboxylic acid dehydrogenase, respectively, of tol plasmid pww0-161 of pseudomonas putida have previously been cloned in the pbr322 vector plasmid (p.r. lehrbach, j. zeyer, w. reinecke, h.-j. knackmuss, and k. n. timmis, j. bacteriol. 158:1025-1032, 1984). in this study, escherichia coli cells containing hybrid plasmids carrying the cloned xyld ...19853911905
chromosomal map of pseudomonas putida ppn, and a comparison of gene order with the pseudomonas aeruginosa pao chromosomal map.the generalized transducing phage pf16h2 has been used to confirm linkage relationships of chromosomal markers of pseudomonas putida previously determined from their time-of-entry in hfr crosses, and to map new auxotrophic mutations. by means of spot matings using hfr donors of known origin of transfer, catabolic markers forming part of a closely linked group of operons referred to as a superoperonic cluster have been shown to be chromosomally located and their map positions determined. r-prime- ...19853921659
anti-pseudomonal activity of hr 810.the anti-pseudomonal activity of hr 810, a new 2-aminothiazolyl cephalosporin, was compared to that of carbenicillin, azlocillin and cefsulodin against 187 non-fermenters. hr 810 was the best agent against pseudomonas aeruginosa, pseudomonas putida, pseudomonas fluorescens and acinetobacter calcoaceticus with an mic50 less than or equal to 4 mg/l and an mic90 less than or equal to 16 mg/l. it was as effective as azlocillin against pseudomonas stutzeri and pseudomonas mendocina, with an mic50 les ...19853922898
cloning of genes specifying carbohydrate catabolism in pseudomonas aeruginosa and pseudomonas putida.a 6.0-kilobase ecori fragment of the pseudomonas aeruginosa pao chromosome containing a cluster of genes specifying carbohydrate catabolism was cloned into the multicopy plasmid pro1769. the vector contains a unique ecori site for cloning within a streptomycin resistance determinant and a selectable gene encoding gentamicin resistance. mutants of p. aeruginosa pao transformed with the chimeric plasmid pro1816 regained the ability to grow on glucose, and the following deficiencies in enzyme or tr ...19853922954
volatiles of pseudomonas aeruginosa and related species by automated headspace concentration--gas chromatography.the volatile metabolites of three strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa and one strain each of pseudomonas cepacia, pseudomonas maltophilia, pseudomonas fluorescens, and pseudomonas putida were analyzed using an automated headspace concentrator incorporating a gas chromatograph. the procedure does not require sample preparation and automates the entire analytical sequence to yield reproducible profiles of volatile constituents. gas chromatographic profiles of the volatile metabolites of each species ...19853924382
the virulence of clinical and environmental isolates of campylobacter jejuni.the virulence of campylobacter jejuni and c. coli isolated from various water sources was compared with that of clinical strains by in vitro assays of adhesion, invasion and cytotoxicity to hela cells. variation in degree of attachment was observed, but this did not appear to be related to strain source, however, water strains were less invasive and less cytotoxic to hela cells than clinical strains as shown by immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. these differences were particularly evide ...19853973380
[formaldehyde resistance to gram-negative aerobic rods from municipal sewage water].in a municipal sewage works, a total of 30 sewage samples (19 from the inlet and 11 from the outlet of the sewage works) were analyzed for the quantitative and orientative qualitative content of microorganisms. with an incidence peak of the total bacterial count of greater than or equal to 1 x 10(6) cfu/ml in the inlet, both samples showed bacterial contents of 1 to 9 x 10(5) cfu/ml with use of mc agar and endo agar. fuchsin glistening colonies as well as the total bacterial counts on sabouraud ...19853939051
periplasmic location of p-cresol methylhydroxylase in pseudomonas putida.the cellular location of the flavocytochrome c, p-cresol methylhydroxylase was investigated in two strains of pseudomonas putida. in both cases the enzymes were shown to be located in the periplasmic fraction by their release during treatment of the bacteria with edta and lysozyme in a solution containing a high concentration of sucrose. for strain ncib 9869 the finding is in accord with the suggestion that the physiological acceptor for the enzyme is azurin as this too was shown to be located m ...19853920077
[effective method of transduction with virulent phage pf16 using specific mutants of pseudomonas putida ppg1].a procedure of simple selection of pseudomonas putida ppg1 mutants is described. the mutants can be used for transduction with virulent pf16 phage, giving reliable results. the frequency of transduction of chromosomal markers ilv and trp was 10(-6). also, transduction of plasmid rp4 with phage pf16 was shown with the frequency of 10(-7).19853926609
regions of broad-host-range plasmid rk2 involved in replication and stable maintenance in nine species of gram-negative bacteria.the replication and maintenance properties of the broad-host-range plasmid rk2 and its derivatives were examined in nine gram-negative bacterial species. two regions of rk2, the origin of replication (oriv) and a segment that encodes for a replication protein (trfa delta kild, designated trfa*), are sufficient for replication in all nine species tested. however, stable maintenance of this minimal replicon (less than 0.3% loss per generation under nonselection conditions) is observed only in esch ...19854044529
impact of cefotaxime on the fecal flora in children.a differential quantitative analysis was used to study the effect of cefotaxime on the fecal flora in 26 hospitalized children ranging from two days to four years of age. fecal specimens were obtained before, during and after therapy. this study was evaluated in comparison to 41 patients of the same age and from the same environment without antibiotic treatment or signs of infection. the fecal flora of the control group showed qualitative and quantitative stability. two groups of species were di ...19854055046
purification and properties of a novel ferricyanide-linked xanthine dehydrogenase from pseudomonas putida 40.the isolation of a xanthine dehydrogenase from pseudomonas putida 40 which utilizes ferricyanide as an electron acceptor at high efficiency is presented. the new activity is separate from the nad+ and oxygen-utilizing activities of the same organism but displays a broad pattern for reducing substrates typical of those of previously studied xanthine-oxidizing enzymes. unlike the previously studied enzymes, the new enzyme appears to lack flavin but possess heme and is resistant to cyanide treatmen ...19853860496
cyclocoelum mutabile infection and aortic rupture in an american coot (fulica americana).an american coot (fulica americana) was found dead within the enclosed research compound of the south central poultry research laboratory at mississippi state, mississippi. gross and microscopic examinations revealed the bird to be in good body condition; however, blood from the beak cavity and external nares was present. biliary congestion, hemopericardium, blood-filled air sacs, and a ruptured, ascending aorta were also noted. nineteen trematodes (cyclocoelum mutabile) were found within the bo ...19853885932
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