Publications

clonal nature of campylobacter fetus as defined by multilocus sequence typing.	campylobacter fetus can be divided into the subspecies c. fetus subsp. fetus and c. fetus subsp. venerealis. c. fetus subsp. fetus causes sporadic infections in humans and abortion in cattle and sheep and has been isolated from a variety of sites in different hosts. c. fetus subsp. venerealis is host restricted, being isolated mainly from the genital tracts of cattle, and is the causative agent of bovine genital campylobacteriosis. despite differences in niche preference, microbiological subspec ...	2005	16333072
validation of a monoclonal antibody-based capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of campylobacter fetus.	a monoclonal antibody (mab)-based antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was compared with the routine culture methodology for the detection of campylobacter fetus subspecies from bovine and ovine field samples inoculated into clark's transport enrichment medium (tem). the work was a collaboration between two different diagnostic laboratories, one in canada and the other in england. in both labs, tem samples were incubated for 4 days at 35 degrees c and then tested by culture ...	2005	16275938
amplified fragment length polymorphism based identification of genetic markers and novel pcr assay for differentiation of campylobacter fetus subspecies.	differentiation of campylobacter fetus into c. fetus subsp. fetus (cff) and c. fetus subsp. venerealis (cfv) is important for both clinical and economic reasons. in the past, several molecular typing methods have been used for differentiation, including amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp). in this study, aflp was employed to identify c. fetus subspecies specific markers that can serve as a basis for design of novel pcr primer sets for cfv. four groups of c. fetus strains with different ...	2005	16278437
screening of feral pigeon (colomba livia), mallard (anas platyrhynchos) and graylag goose (anser anser) populations for campylobacter spp., salmonella spp., avian influenza virus and avian paramyxovirus.	a total of 119 fresh faecal samples were collected from graylag geese migrating northwards in april. also, cloacal swabs were taken from 100 carcasses of graylag geese shot during the hunting season in august. in addition, samples were taken from 200 feral pigeons and five mallards. the cultivation of bacteria detected campylobacter jejuni jejuni in six of the pigeons, and in one of the mallards. salmonella diarizona 14: k: z53 was detected in one graylag goose, while all pigeons and mallards we ...	2005	16398331
host range and emerging and reemerging pathogens.	an updated literature survey identified 1,407 recognized species of human pathogen, 58% of which are zoonotic. of the total, 177 are regarded as emerging or reemerging. zoonotic pathogens are twice as likely to be in this category as are nonzoonotic pathogens. emerging and reemerging pathogens are not strongly associated with particular types of nonhuman hosts, but they are most likely to have the broadest host ranges. emerging and reemerging zoonoses are associated with a wide range of drivers, ...	2005	16485468
comparison of culture and a novel 5' taq nuclease assay for direct detection of campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis in clinical specimens from cattle.	a campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis-specific 5' taq nuclease pcr assay using a 3' minor groove binder-dna probe (taqman mgb) was developed based on a subspecies-specific fragment of unknown identity (s. hum, k. quinn, j. brunner, and s. l. on, aust. vet. j. 75:827-831, 1997). the assay specifically detected four c. fetus subsp. venerealis strains with no observed cross-reaction with c. fetus subsp. fetus-related campylobacter species or other bovine venereal microflora. the 5' taq nuclease a ...	2006	16517880
veterinary and medical aspects of abortion in danish sheep.	the danish sheep population totals around 144,000 animals, but little is known of the causes and prevalance of diseases. this study focuses on the causes of abortion in danish sheep. during one breeding season, aborted foetuses and stillbirths with signs of intrauterine death or malformation were submitted for laboratory examination from a population of 3,758 breeding ewes. samples from 24 incidents of abortion and 21 ewes delivering malformed lambs or lambs with ante partum decomposition were s ...	2006	16519752
antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical isolates of non-jejuni/coli campylobacters and arcobacters from belgium.	to determine the susceptibility of non-jejuni/coli campylobacters and arcobacters isolated from diarrhoeal stool specimens in belgium.	2006	16533825
a case of perinatal sepsis by campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus infection successfully treated with carbapenem--case report and literature review.	infection due to campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus during pregnancy is uncommon in humans. we report a case of a pregnant woman who experienced premature labor. the infant was diagnosed with neonatal sepsis due to c. fetus subsp. fetus, and was successfully treated with carbapenem. maternal clinical symptoms and severe villitis suggested that the route of fetal infection was hematogenous spread. we also review previous reports in the literature that describe this infection during pregnancy.	2006	16542730
pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of campylobacter jejuni sheep abortion isolates.	campylobacter species are a significant cause of sheep abortion in most sheep-raising countries. in new zealand, campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus is the leading cause of diagnosed sheep abortion and the species c. jejuni and c. coli have also been implicated. to date, strain typing information of c. jejuni sheep abortion isolates is limited. the objective of the present study was to genotype c. jejuni isolates cultured from sheep abortions submitted to diagnostic laboratories in new zealand duri ...	2006	16472946
molecular epidemiology of campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus on bovine artificial insemination stations using pulsed field gel electrophoresis.	the presence of campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus (cff) on bovine artificial insemination (ai)-stations can have major economical consequences. more knowledge on the epidemiology of c. fetus is needed to control cff infections at ai-stations. we assessed the epidemiology of cff on ai-stations and the molecular relationship between cff strains isolated from outbreaks on ai-stations. thirteen cff strains (two cff strains per outbreak and one sporadic case) isolated from bulls housed on differen ...	2006	16289638
a bacillus thuringiensis s-layer protein involved in toxicity against epilachna varivestis (coleoptera: coccinellidae).	the use of bacillus thuringiensis as a biopesticide is a viable alternative for insect control since the insecticidal cry proteins produced by these bacteria are highly specific; harmless to humans, vertebrates, and plants; and completely biodegradable. in addition to cry proteins, b. thuringiensis produces a number of extracellular compounds, including s-layer proteins (slp), that contribute to virulence. the s layer is an ordered structure representing a proteinaceous paracrystalline array whi ...	2006	16391064
salmonella in black-headed gulls ( larus ridibundus); prevalence, genotypes and influence on salmonella epidemiology.	during a period of 3 years, 1998-2000, 1047 faecal swabs from black-headed gulls were sampled at one location in southern sweden. salmonella spp. was found in 28 individuals (2.7%) and the dominating serotype found was s. typhimurium (83%). twenty-five per cent of the salmonella-infected gulls were later recaptured and re-sampled. we found that salmonella infection in black-headed gulls was of short duration, and that infection in this bird species was predominantly expressed as carriage without ...	2006	16238820
salmonella in black-headed gulls ( larus ridibundus); prevalence, genotypes and influence on salmonella epidemiology.	during a period of 3 years, 1998-2000, 1047 faecal swabs from black-headed gulls were sampled at one location in southern sweden. salmonella spp. was found in 28 individuals (2.7%) and the dominating serotype found was s. typhimurium (83%). twenty-five per cent of the salmonella-infected gulls were later recaptured and re-sampled. we found that salmonella infection in black-headed gulls was of short duration, and that infection in this bird species was predominantly expressed as carriage without ...	2006	16238820
campylobacter curvus-associated hepatic abscesses: a case report.	campylobacter curvus was isolated from blood cultures of a patient with liver abscesses. bacterial identification involved gram staining, biochemical analysis, gas-liquid chromatography, and 16s rrna sequencing. the difficulty in isolation, identification, and growth of the species confirms previous work that these organisms may be overlooked by conventional detection methods.	2006	16672438
outbreaks of waterborne infectious intestinal disease in england and wales, 1992-2003.	we reviewed the epidemiological and microbiological characteristics of 89 reported outbreaks of waterborne infectious intestinal disease affecting 4321 people in england and wales over the period 1992-2003. public water supplies were implicated in 24 outbreaks (27%), private water supplies in 25 (28%), swimming pools in 35 (39%) and other sources in five outbreaks (6%). cryptosporidium was implicated in 69% of outbreaks, campylobacter sp. in 14%, giardia in 2%, e. coli o157 in 3% and astrovirus ...	2006	16690002
[bacteraemia due to campylobacter fetus in an immune suppressed patient].	we report a case of bacteraemia by campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus in a 77 year-old woman with immunosuppression secondary to steroid use. diagnosis was suspected by finding gram negative curved rods in blood cultures taken after 4 days of a febrile illness without local findings. diarrhea was not present. there was no consumption of undercooked meat or non-pasteurized milk and no contact with pets. the patient was treated with sulbactam-cefoperazone due to the coexistence of urinary tract infe ...	2006	17186081
temporal prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in campylobacter spp. from beef cattle in alberta feedlots.	antimicrobial resistance (amr) was temporally assessed in campylobacters isolated from beef cattle (7,738 fecal samples from 2,622 animals) in four commercial feedlots in alberta. all calves were administered chlortetracycline and oxytetracycline in feed, and a majority of the animals (93%) were injected with long-acting oxytetracycline upon arrival at the feedlot. fecal samples from individual animals were collected upon arrival (i.e., entry sample), 69 days (standard deviation [sd] = 3 days) a ...	2006	16751519
identification of campylobacter fetus subspecies by phenotypic differentiation and pcr.	the species campylobacter fetus is divided into the subspecies c. fetus subsp. venerealis and c. fetus subsp. fetus, which differ in their epidemiologies and clinical importance. the differences between these subspecies make accurate distinction between the two essential. first, the value of seven key tests for the traditional differentiation of c. fetus was investigated. afterwards, the results of the phenotypic differentiation and pcr were compared to address the question of the reliability of ...	2006	16757592
phase variation and genomic architecture changes in azospirillum.	the plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium azospirillum lipoferum 4b generates in vitro at high frequency a stable nonswimming phase variant designated 4v(i), which is distinguishable from the wild type by the differential absorption of dyes. the frequency of variants generated by a reca mutant of a. lipoferum 4b was increased up to 10-fold. the pleiotropic modifications characteristic of the phase variant are well documented, but the molecular processes involved are unknown. here, the objective ...	2006	16855225
detection sensitivity and quantitation of plasmodium falciparum var gene transcripts by real-time rt-pcr in comparison with conventional rt-pcr.	antigenic variation in plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1, caused by a switch in transcription of the encoding var gene, is an important feature of malaria. in this study, we quantified the relative abundance of var gene transcripts present in p. falciparum parasite clones using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and conventional rt-pcr combined with cloning and sequencing, with the aim of directly comparing the results obtained. when there was s ...	2006	16896121
an outbreak of salmonella abortusovis abortions in sheep in south croatia.	the aim of the study was to give an account of the epidemic of abortions in sheep caused by salmonella enterica ssp. enterica serovar abortusovis, which occurred in dalmatia, south croatia, in winter 2003-2004. five sheep flocks with rate of abortion ranging from 22% to 38% during the last-third of gestation were examined. salmonella abortusovis was isolated from 13 vaginal smears and two fetuses. direct inoculation was found to be superior to pre-enrichment and enrichment in selective broth for ...	2006	16907961
broilers do not play a dominant role in the campylobacter fetus contamination of humans.	campylobacter fetus causes severe infections in humans and can be isolated from various mammals and reptiles. however, although poultry are considered to be the main reservoir of campylobacter jejuni, little is known about the presence of c. fetus in poultry. thus, specific pathogen-free chickens were experimentally inoculated with a mixture of either three non-thermotolerant or four thermotolerant human strains of c. fetus. faecal samples were regularly sampled after inoculation and caeca and i ...	2006	16914660
first case of bacteremia and multifocal cellulitis due to helicobacter canis in an immunocompetent patient.	bacteremia due to helicobacter canis has been reported in a patient with x-linked hypogammaglobulinemia. here we report on the first human case of h. canis bacteremia in an immunocompetent host. identification of the organism was made by genetic and phylogenetic analyses of the complete 16s rrna sequence.	2006	17005753
changes in flagellin glycosylation affect campylobacter autoagglutination and virulence.	analysis of the complete flagellin glycosylation locus of campylobacter jejuni strain 81-176 revealed a less complex genomic organization than the corresponding region in the genome strain, c. jejuni nctc 11168. twenty-four of the 45 genes found between cj1293 and cj1337 in nctc 11168 are missing in 81-176. mutation of six new genes, in addition to three previously reported, resulted in a non-motile phenotype, consistent with a role in synthesis of pseudaminic acid (pseac) or transfer of pseac t ...	2006	16573682
[bacterial meningitis with campylobacter fetus manifesting chronic clinical course].	a 43-year-old man with no past history of underlying disease was admitted to an affiliated hospital, complaining of high fever and severe headache. polynuclear dominant pleocytosis in the cerebrospinal fluid (csf) suggested bacterial meningitis. he was immediately treated with several antibiotics, then his clinical symptoms improved, although intractable headache relapsed after withdrawal of the initial therapy. thereafter he consulted our hospital for a second opinion. csf examination in our ho ...	2006	17323778
management of an abdominal aortic aneurysm infected with campylobacter fetus: a case report.	we present a rare case of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (aaa) infected with campylobacter fetus. the patient presented with abdominal pain and leukocytosis, without a palpable aaa. computed tomography (ct) of the abdomen showed a 3.1 x 3.0 cm infrarenal abdominal aneurysm with an extra-aortic fluid collection. at surgery, an in situ graft was placed. intraoperative aortic wall cultures grew pansensitive c. fetus, and blood cultures remained negative. at 9-month follow-up, the patient was doing we ...	2007	17349352
campylobacter reactive arthritis: a systematic review.	to review the literature on the epidemiology of campylobacter-associated reactive arthritis (rea).	2007	17360026
thermophilic campylobacter spp. in salad vegetables in malaysia.	the main aim of this study was to combine the techniques of most probable number (mpn) and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for quantifying the prevalence and numbers of campylobacter spp. in ulam, a popular malaysian salad dish, from a traditional wet market and two modern supermarkets in selangor, malaysia. a total of 309 samples of raw vegetables which are used in ulam were examined in the study. the prevalences of campylobacters in raw vegetables were, for supermarket i, campylobacter spp., 5 ...	2007	17399832
in vitro activities of cg400549, a novel fabi inhibitor, against recently isolated clinical staphylococcal strains in korea.	the in vitro activities of cg400549, a novel fabi inhibitor, were compared to those of linezolid and commonly used antimicrobials against recent bacterial isolates. cg400549 had an mic(90) of 0.5 microg/ml for staphylococcus aureus strains and was more potent than either linezolid or vancomycin.	2007	17420210
[campylobacter fetus bacteremia and cellulitis complicating a venous access port infection in an hiv infected patient].	campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus is an opportunist gram-negative bacillus, which is known to be a cause of systemic infections, mainly in immunocompromised patients. we report a c. fetus bacteremia and cellulitis complicating a venous access port infection in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). this bacillus seems to have a predilection for the vascular endothelium and its isolation is difficult. physicians should be aware of c. fetus infection in patients with vascular ...	2007	17446026
fatal relapse of a purulent pleurisy caused by campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus.	campylobacter fetus is associated with invasive disease, while other campylobacter species, such as c. coli and c. jejuni, are a common cause of bacterial diarrhea. bacteremia has been well described, but pleurisy remains very uncommon. we report the recurrent isolation of a c. fetus subsp. fetus strain during two episodes of pleural effusion with a fatal outcome.	2007	17507518
development of experimental genetic tools for campylobacter fetus.	molecular analysis of the virulence mechanisms of the emerging pathogen campylobacter fetus has been hampered by the lack of genetic tools. we report the development and functional analysis of escherichia coli-campylobacter shuttle vectors that are appropriate for c. fetus. some vectors were constructed based on the known campylobacter coli plasmid pip1455 replicon, which confers a wide host range in campylobacter spp. versatility in directing gene expression was achieved by introducing a strong ...	2007	17513579
infection of the thyroid gland caused by campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus.	we report what we consider to be the first case of an abscess of the thyroid gland due to campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus (c. fetus) in a patient suffering from hyperthyroidism. c. fetus is known as a rare and opportunistic pathogen in humans, causing a broad variety of systemic infections. acquisition by humans is thought to occur through contact with animals or animal products and to start as a gastro-intestinal colonization. the detection of c. fetus in stool is challenging, since culture ef ...	2007	17547296
a cyclic amp receptor protein-regulated cell-cell communication system mediates expression of a feca homologue in stenotrophomonas maltophilia.	stenotrophomonas maltophilia wr-c possesses an rpf/diffusible signal factor (dsf) cell-cell communication system. it produces cis-delta2-11-methyl-dodecenoic acid, a dsf, and seven structural derivatives, which require rpff and rpfb for synthesis. acquisition of iron from the environment is important for bacterial growth as well as the expression of virulence genes. we identified a gene homologous to feca, which encodes a ferric citrate receptor that transports exogenous siderophore ferric citra ...	2007	17574998
c-reactive protein collaborates with plasma lectins to boost immune response against bacteria.	although human c-reactive protein (crp) becomes upregulated during septicemia, its role remains unclear, since purified crp showed no binding to many common pathogens. contrary to previous findings, we show that purified human crp (hcrp) binds to salmonella enterica, and that binding is enhanced in the presence of plasma factors. in the horseshoe crab, carcinoscorpius rotundicauda, crp is a major hemolymph protein. incubation of hemolymph with a range of bacteria resulted in crp binding to all t ...	2007	17581635
[bacteremia due to campylobacter fetus isolated by conventional methods from an immunocompromised patient].	the genus campylobacter includes gram-negative, motile, curved rods that can evidence characteristic morphologies. these microorganisms require low oxygen tension and an increased level of co2 for growing. a case of bacteremia due to campylobacter fetus in a patient with a previous diagnosis of breast cancer with metastases in dorso-lumbar column and acute promyelocytic leukemia (fab-m3 variant) is presented. the patient was admitted to our institution due to loss of consciousness and a 2 day--h ...	2007	17585657
multicenter study to evaluate bloodstream infection by helicobacter cinaedi in japan.	helicobacter cinaedi has being recognized as an important human pathogen which causes bloodstream infections. although the first case of bacteremia with this pathogen in japan was reported in 2003, the true prevalence of h. cinaedi as a pathogen of bloodstream infections in this country is not yet known. therefore, the aim of our study was to assess the incidence of bacteremia with h. cinaedi in japan. we conducted a prospective, multicenter analysis in 13 hospitals during 6 months in tokyo, jap ...	2007	17596362
a case of mitral endocarditis due to campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus.	this report describes a patient presenting mitral native endocarditis due to campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus, which was revealed by syncope and identified using 16s ribosomal rna gene sequencing. this gene sequencing method has become the preferred approach to identifying the new emerging pathogens when discrepancies exist between phenotypical tests.	2007	17642532
development of a real-time fluorescence resonance energy transfer pcr to detect arcobacter species.	a real-time pcr targeting the gyrase a subunit gene outside the quinolone resistance-determining region has been developed to detect arcobacter species. the species identification was done by probe hybridization and melting curve analysis, using fluorescence resonance energy transfer technology. discrimination between arcobacter species was straightforward, as the corresponding melting points showed significant differences with the characteristic melting temperatures of 63.5 degrees c, 58.4 degr ...	2007	17652482
discovery of insertion element iscfe1: a new tool for campylobacter fetus subspecies differentiation.	the species campylobacter fetus is divided into the subspecies c. fetus subsp. venerealis (cfv) and c. fetus subsp. fetus (cff). cfv is the causative agent of bovine genital campylobacteriosis, a highly contagious venereal disease that may lead to serious reproductive problems, including sterility and abortion. in contrast, cff can be isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of a wide range of host species, is associated with abortion in sheep and cattle, and can also be isolated from local and ...	2007	17697006
genome dynamics of campylobacter jejuni in response to bacteriophage predation.	campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of food-borne illness. although a natural reservoir of the pathogen is domestic poultry, the degree of genomic diversity exhibited by the species limits the application of epidemiological methods to trace specific infection sources. bacteriophage predation is a common burden placed upon c. jejuni populations in the avian gut, and we show that amongst c. jejuni that survive bacteriophage predation in broiler chickens are bacteriophage-resistant types that d ...	2007	17722979
development of a multiplex pcr assay for identification of campylobacter coli, campylobacter fetus, campylobacter hyointestinalis subsp. hyointestinalis, campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter lari and campylobacter upsaliensis.	a multiplex pcr assay has been developed for the identification of the six common campylobacter taxa associated with human gastroenteritis and/or septicaemia, namely campylobacter coli, campylobacter fetus, campylobacter hyointestinalis subsp. hyointestinalis, campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter lari and campylobacter upsaliensis. the assay was developed using a combination of newly designed and published primers. it provided a specific pcr product for each of the five campylobacter species and ...	2007	17965346
house-level risk factors associated with the colonization of broiler flocks with campylobacter spp. in iceland, 2001 - 2004.	the concurrent rise in consumption of fresh chicken meat and human campylobacteriosis in the late 1990's in iceland led to a longitudinal study of the poultry industry to identify the means to decrease the frequency of broiler flock colonization with campylobacter. because horizontal transmission from the environment is thought to be the most likely source of campylobacter to broilers, we aimed to identify broiler house characteristics and management practices associated with flock colonization. ...	2007	17997846
s-layer anchoring and localization of an s-layer-associated protease in caulobacter crescentus.	the s-layer of the gram-negative bacterium caulobacter crescentus is composed of a single protein, rsaa, that is secreted and assembled into a hexagonal crystalline array that covers the organism. despite the widespread occurrence of comparable bacterial s-layers, little is known about s-layer attachment to cell surfaces, especially for gram-negative organisms. having preliminary indications that the n terminus of rsaa anchors the monomer to the cell surface, we developed an assay to distinguish ...	2007	17209028
comparison of disk diffusion and agar dilution methods for erythromycin and ciprofloxacin susceptibility testing of campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni.	disk diffusion was a reliable, easy, and inexpensive method for testing the susceptibility of campylobacter jejuni to erythromycin (215 susceptible and 45 resistant isolates) and to ciprofloxacin (154 susceptible, two intermediate, and 124 resistant isolates) using, respectively, an erythromycin disk and ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid disks.	2007	17261628
specific detection of campylobacter jejuni from faeces using single nucleotide polymorphisms.	specimens of human faeces were tested by a rapid strategy for detection of campylobacter jejuni lineages by the presence of specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) based on the c. jejuni multi locus sequence typing (mlst) scheme. this strategy was derived from analysis of the mlst databases to identify clonal complex specific snps followed by the design of real-time pcr assays to enable identification of six major c. jejuni clonal complexes associated with cases of human infection. the o ...	2007	17109769
specific detection of campylobacter jejuni from faeces using single nucleotide polymorphisms.	specimens of human faeces were tested by a rapid strategy for detection of campylobacter jejuni lineages by the presence of specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) based on the c. jejuni multi locus sequence typing (mlst) scheme. this strategy was derived from analysis of the mlst databases to identify clonal complex specific snps followed by the design of real-time pcr assays to enable identification of six major c. jejuni clonal complexes associated with cases of human infection. the o ...	2007	17109769
temperate bacteriophages affect pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns of campylobacter jejuni.	the recently sequenced genome of campylobacter jejuni rm1221 revealed the presence of three integrated bacteriophage-like elements. in this study, genes from the first element, a mu-like bacteriophage, were amplified by pcr and used to probe pulsed-field gels of clinical c. jejuni strains obtained from a waterborne outbreak (ontario, canada, 2000). these highly similar strains differed only by their pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) patterns due to an apparent insertion or deletion of a 40 ...	2007	17135440
temperate bacteriophages affect pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns of campylobacter jejuni.	the recently sequenced genome of campylobacter jejuni rm1221 revealed the presence of three integrated bacteriophage-like elements. in this study, genes from the first element, a mu-like bacteriophage, were amplified by pcr and used to probe pulsed-field gels of clinical c. jejuni strains obtained from a waterborne outbreak (ontario, canada, 2000). these highly similar strains differed only by their pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) patterns due to an apparent insertion or deletion of a 40 ...	2007	17135440
capa, an autotransporter protein of campylobacter jejuni, mediates association with human epithelial cells and colonization of the chicken gut.	two putative autotransporter proteins, capa and capb, were identified in silico from the genome sequence of campylobacter jejuni nctc11168. the genes encoding each protein contain homopolymeric tracts, suggestive of phase variation mediated by a slipped-strand mispairing mechanism; in each case the gene sequence contained frameshifts at these positions. the c-terminal two-thirds of the two genes, as well as a portion of the predicted signal peptides, were identical; the remaining n-terminal port ...	2007	17172331
capa, an autotransporter protein of campylobacter jejuni, mediates association with human epithelial cells and colonization of the chicken gut.	two putative autotransporter proteins, capa and capb, were identified in silico from the genome sequence of campylobacter jejuni nctc11168. the genes encoding each protein contain homopolymeric tracts, suggestive of phase variation mediated by a slipped-strand mispairing mechanism; in each case the gene sequence contained frameshifts at these positions. the c-terminal two-thirds of the two genes, as well as a portion of the predicted signal peptides, were identical; the remaining n-terminal port ...	2007	17172331
oxygen reactivity of both respiratory oxidases in campylobacter jejuni: the cydab genes encode a cyanide-resistant, low-affinity oxidase that is not of the cytochrome bd type.	the microaerophilic bacterium campylobacter jejuni is a significant food-borne pathogen and is predicted to possess two terminal respiratory oxidases with unknown properties. inspection of the genome reveals an operon (cydab) apparently encoding a cytochrome bd-like oxidase homologous to oxidases in escherichia coli and azotobacter vinelandii. however, c. jejuni cells lacked all spectral signals characteristic of the high-spin hemes b and d of these oxidases. mutation of the cydab operon of c. j ...	2007	17172349
oxygen reactivity of both respiratory oxidases in campylobacter jejuni: the cydab genes encode a cyanide-resistant, low-affinity oxidase that is not of the cytochrome bd type.	the microaerophilic bacterium campylobacter jejuni is a significant food-borne pathogen and is predicted to possess two terminal respiratory oxidases with unknown properties. inspection of the genome reveals an operon (cydab) apparently encoding a cytochrome bd-like oxidase homologous to oxidases in escherichia coli and azotobacter vinelandii. however, c. jejuni cells lacked all spectral signals characteristic of the high-spin hemes b and d of these oxidases. mutation of the cydab operon of c. j ...	2007	17172349
the complete genome sequence and analysis of the epsilonproteobacterium arcobacter butzleri.	arcobacter butzleri is a member of the epsilon subdivision of the proteobacteria and a close taxonomic relative of established pathogens, such as campylobacter jejuni and helicobacter pylori. here we present the complete genome sequence of the human clinical isolate, a. butzleri strain rm4018.	2007	18159241
computational biology in argentina.		2007	18166076
high content of proteins containing 21st and 22nd amino acids, selenocysteine and pyrrolysine, in a symbiotic deltaproteobacterium of gutless worm olavius algarvensis.	selenocysteine (sec) and pyrrolysine (pyl) are rare amino acids that are cotranslationally inserted into proteins and known as the 21st and 22nd amino acids in the genetic code. sec and pyl are encoded by uga and uag codons, respectively, which normally serve as stop signals. herein, we report on unusually large selenoproteomes and pyrroproteomes in a symbiont metagenomic dataset of a marine gutless worm, olavius algarvensis. we identified 99 selenoprotein genes that clustered into 30 families, ...	2007	17626042
synonymous and nonsynonymous polymorphisms versus divergences in bacterial genomes.	comparison of the ratio of nonsynonymous to synonymous polymorphisms within species with the ratio of nonsynonymous to synonymous substitutions between species has been widely used as a supposed indicator of positive darwinian selection, with the ratio of these 2 ratios being designated as a neutrality index (ni). comparison of genome-wide polymorphism within 12 species of bacteria with divergence from an outgroup species showed substantial differences in ni among taxa. a low level of nonsynonym ...	2008	18667439
evidence for the involvement of infectious agents in the pathogenesis of crohn's disease.	many advances have been made in the understanding of crohn's disease (cd) pathogenesis during the last decade. cd is currently seen as a predominantly t-lymphocyte-driven disease characterized by the presence of a complex cocktail of interacting cytokines, chemokines and other mediators produced by a variety of cell types. prevailing theories of cd pathogenesis suggest that patients' t-lymphocytes are inappropriately activated in the setting of an immune imbalance, which is itself caused by an u ...	2008	18240341
retrospective study of campylobacter infection in a zoological collection.	little is known about the epidemiology of campylobacter spp. in wild animal populations. however, zoological collections can provide valuable insights. using records from the zoological society of london whipsnade zoo compiled between 1990 and 2003, the roles of a range of biotic and abiotic factors associated with the occurrence of campylobacteriosis were investigated. the occurrence of campylobacteriosis varied widely across host taxonomic orders. furthermore, in mammals, a combination of chan ...	2008	18165368
retrospective study of campylobacter infection in a zoological collection.	little is known about the epidemiology of campylobacter spp. in wild animal populations. however, zoological collections can provide valuable insights. using records from the zoological society of london whipsnade zoo compiled between 1990 and 2003, the roles of a range of biotic and abiotic factors associated with the occurrence of campylobacteriosis were investigated. the occurrence of campylobacteriosis varied widely across host taxonomic orders. furthermore, in mammals, a combination of chan ...	2008	18165368
arthritis risk after acute bacterial gastroenteritis.	reactive arthritis (rea) may occur from bacterial gastroenteritis. we studied the risk of arthritis after an outbreak of escherichia coli o157:h7 and campylobacter species within a regional drinking water supply to examine the relationship between the severity of acute diarrhoea and subsequent symptoms of arthritis.	2008	18184664
moraxella osloensis gene expression in the slug host deroceras reticulatum.	the bacterium moraxella osloensis is a mutualistic symbiont of the slug-parasitic nematode phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita. in nature, p. hermaphrodita vectors m. osloensis into the shell cavity of the slug host deroceras reticulatum in which the bacteria multiply and kill the slug. as m. osloensis is the main killing agent, genes expressed by m. osloensis in the slug are likely to play important roles in virulence. studies on pathogenic interactions between bacteria and lower order hosts are few, ...	2008	18226222
campylobacter fetus infection of an internal cardioverter defibrillator.	infection is a serious complication post implantation of an implantable cardiac defibrillator (icd). we report a case of a 77-year-old man who had an icd generator change complicated by a hematoma. the generator became infected at the time of campylobacter fetus bacteremia. the icd was removed and a new device was implanted without complication.	2008	18233985
the macaque gut microbiome in health, lentiviral infection, and chronic enterocolitis.	the vertebrate gut harbors a vast community of bacterial mutualists, the composition of which is modulated by the host immune system. many gastrointestinal (gi) diseases are expected to be associated with disruptions of host-bacterial interactions, but relatively few comprehensive studies have been reported. we have used the rhesus macaque model to investigate forces shaping gi bacterial communities. we used dna bar coding and pyrosequencing to characterize 141,000 sequences of 16s rrna genes ob ...	2008	18248093
development of a cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) gene-based species-specific multiplex pcr assay for the detection and identification of campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter coli and campylobacter fetus.	a cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) gene-based species-specific multiplex pcr assay for the detection of cdta, cdtb or cdtc gene of campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter coli or campylobacter fetus, respectively, was developed and evaluated with 76 campylobacter strains belonging to seven different species and 131 other bacterial strains of eight different genera. the cdta, cdtb or cdtc gene of c. jejuni, c. coli or c. fetus, respectively, could be successfully amplified using the corresponding se ...	2008	18248435
development and evaluation of immunochromatographic assay for simple and rapid detection of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in human stool specimens.	an immunochromatographic assay (campy-ica) using a newly generated single monoclonal antibody against a 15-kda cell surface protein of campylobacter jejuni was developed. when cell suspensions of 86 c. jejuni strains and 27 campylobacter coli strains were treated with a commercially available bacterial protein extraction reagent and the resulting extracts were tested with the campy-ica, they all yielded positive results. the minimum detectable limits for the c. jejuni strains ranged from 1.8 x 1 ...	2008	18256225
development of a strain-specific molecular method for quantitating individual campylobacter strains in mixed populations.	the identification of sites resulting in cross-contamination of poultry flocks in the abattoir and determination of the survival and persistence of campylobacters at these sites are essential for the development of intervention strategies aimed at reducing the microbial burden on poultry at retail. a novel molecule-based method, using strain- and genus-specific oligonucleotide probes, was developed to detect and enumerate specific campylobacter strains in mixed populations. strain-specific oligo ...	2008	18281428
emergence of a tetracycline-resistant campylobacter jejuni clone associated with outbreaks of ovine abortion in the united states.	campylobacter infection is one of the major causes of ovine abortions worldwide. historically, campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus was the major cause of campylobacter-associated abortion in sheep; however, campylobacter jejuni is increasingly associated with sheep abortions. we examined the species distribution, genotypes, and antimicrobial susceptibilities of abortion-associated campylobacter isolates obtained from multiple lambing seasons on different farms in iowa, idaho, south dakota, and cali ...	2008	18322054
evaluation of 16s rrna gene-based pcr assays for genus-level identification of helicobacter species.	the inclusivity, exclusivity, and detection limit of six 16s rrna gene-based helicobacter genus-specific pcr assays were examined. five out of six assays were 100% inclusive, but the tests varied considerably in their exclusivity (9.1 to 95.5%). the clinical detection limit varied between 10(3) and 1 viable bacterial cell per reaction mixture.	2008	18337392
sequence variability of campylobacter temperate bacteriophages.	prophages integrated within the chromosomes of campylobacter jejuni isolates have been demonstrated very recently. prior work with campylobacter temperate bacteriophages, as well as evidence from prophages in other enteric bacteria, suggests these prophages might have a role in the biology and virulence of the organism. however, very little is known about the genetic variability of campylobacter prophages which, if present, could lead to differential phenotypes in isolates carrying the phages ve ...	2008	18366706
fibronectin enhances campylobacter fetus interaction with extracellular matrix components and int 407 cells.	campylobacter fetus is a recognized pathogen of cattle and sheep that can also infect humans. no adhesins specific for c. fetus have to date been identified; however, bacterial attachment is essential to establish an infecting population. scanning electron microscopy revealed c. fetus attachment to the serosal surface of human colonic biopsy explants, a location consistent with the presence of the extracellular matrix (ecm). to determine whether the ecm mediated c. fetus adherence, 7 c. fetus st ...	2008	18388970
infected aneurysms of bilateral deep femoral arteries due to campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus.	infected aneurysms due to campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus have rarely been reported. here, we describe the first case of infected aneurysm of bilateral deep femoral arteries due to c. fetus fetus. we successfully treated this case by administration of antibiotics effective for c. fetus fetus and bilateral obturator bypass with complete resection of the infected aneurysms. the aneurysmal wall culture disclosed the presence of c. fetus fetus in a microaerobic atmosphere after the operation. a ...	2008	18466824
sensitive and rapid detection of cholera toxin-producing vibrio cholerae using a loop-mediated isothermal amplification.	vibrio cholerae is widely acknowledged as one of the most important waterborne pathogen causing gastrointestinal disorders. cholera toxin (ct) is a major virulence determinant of v. cholerae. detection of ct-producing v. cholerae using conventional culture-, biochemical- and immunological-based assays is time-consuming and laborious, requiring more than three days. thus, we developed a novel and highly specific loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay for the sensitive and rapid detec ...	2008	18547441
[case of bilateral subdural empyema complicating campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus meningitis].	campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus (c. fetus) is a relatively rare cause of meningitis, with only 3 cases of c. fetus subdural empyema reported to date. we experienced a case of bilateral subdural empyema complicating c. fetus meningitis. a 51-year-old man was found lying unconscious on a street and was brought to the hospital in an ambulance. he had no past history of any underlying disease but he had suffered head trauma approximately 1 month prior to this episode. on admission, he had high ...	2008	18567362
identification of a gene encoding a transporter essential for utilization of c4 dicarboxylates in corynebacterium glutamicum.	the corynebacterium glutamicum r genome contains a total of eight genes encoding proteins with sequence similarity to c4-dicarboxylate transporters identified from other bacteria. three of the genes encode proteins within the dicarboxylate/amino acid:cation symporter (daacs) family, another three encode proteins within the tripartite atp-independent periplasmic transporter family, and two encode proteins within the divalent anion:na+ symporter (dass) family. we observed that a mutant strain defi ...	2008	18586971
design and construction of a double inversion recombination switch for heritable sequential genetic memory.	inversion recombination elements present unique opportunities for computing and information encoding in biological systems. they provide distinct binary states that are encoded into the dna sequence itself, allowing us to overcome limitations posed by other biological memory or logic gate systems. further, it is in theory possible to create complex sequential logics by careful positioning of recombinase recognition sites in the sequence.	2008	18665232
unveiling novel reco distant orthologues involved in homologous recombination.	the generation of a reca filament on single-stranded dna is a critical step in homologous recombination. two main pathways leading to the formation of the nucleofilament have been identified in bacteria, based on the protein complexes mediating reca loading: recbcd (addab) and recfor. many bacterial species seem to lack some of the components involved in these complexes. the current annotation of the helicobacter pylori genome suggests that this highly diverse bacterial pathogen has a reduced se ...	2008	18670631
necessary corrections to the approved lists of bacterial names according to rule 40d (formerly rule 46). opinion 86.	the judicial commission affirms that, according to rule 40d, formerly rule 46, of the bacteriological code, the authorship of a number of subspecies names included on the approved lists of bacterial names must be corrected. these names are acetobacter aceti subsp. aceti, acetobacter pasteurianus subsp. pasteurianus, bacteroides melaninogenicus subsp. melaninogenicus, campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus, mycobacterium chelonae subsp. chelonae, propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. freudenreichii, ...	2008	18676492
[infected abdominal aortic aneurysm from campylobacter fetus bacteremia].		2008	18681158
aortoiliac aneurysms infected by campylobacter fetus.	few reports of aortoiliac aneurysms infected by campylobacter fetus are available. we report five cases and review previous reports, with a view to describing the clinical pattern, treatment options, and outcome of this infection.	2008	18692356
campylobacter bacteremia: clinical features and factors associated with fatal outcome.	campylobacter bacteremia is uncommon. the influence of underlying conditions and of the impact of antibiotics on infection outcome are not known.	2008	18699745
development of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for sensitive and rapid detection of vibrio parahaemolyticus.	vibrio parahaemolyticus is a marine seafood-borne pathogen causing gastrointestinal disorders in humans. thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) and tdh-related hemolysin (trh) are known as major virulence determinants of v. parahaemolyticus. most v. parahaemolyticus isolates from the environment do not produce tdh or trh. total v. parahaemolyticus has been used as an indicator for control of seafood contamination toward prevention of infection. detection of total v. parahaemolyticus using conventio ...	2008	18823567
campylobacter fetus bloodstream infection: risk factors and clinical features.	in this paper, we report 21 cases of campylobacter fetus bloodstream infection observed in our institution over a 9-year period. the median age of the patients was 78 years. most of them (62%) had a significant underlying disease, such as diabetes, immunodeficiency or cardiovascular disease. the main clinical features were fever with (62% of cases) or without (38%) extra-intestinal symptoms. these included mycotic aneurysm of the abdominal aorta (24%) and cellulitis (19%). antibiotic treatment w ...	2008	17999095
wide geographical distribution of internationally rare campylobacter clones within new zealand.	during the southern hemisphere winter of 2006 new zealand experienced a significant increase in the number of reported cases of campylobacter infection. in total, 112 campylobacter isolates from eight district health boards (dhbs) located across new zealand were submitted for pfge, mlst and penner serotyping analysis. distinct clusters of campylobacter isolates were identified, several of which were composed of isolates from up to five different dhbs located on both the north and south islands o ...	2008	18028582
wide geographical distribution of internationally rare campylobacter clones within new zealand.	during the southern hemisphere winter of 2006 new zealand experienced a significant increase in the number of reported cases of campylobacter infection. in total, 112 campylobacter isolates from eight district health boards (dhbs) located across new zealand were submitted for pfge, mlst and penner serotyping analysis. distinct clusters of campylobacter isolates were identified, several of which were composed of isolates from up to five different dhbs located on both the north and south islands o ...	2008	18028582
influence of campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus on ram sperm cell quality.	campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus infection can occur in female sheep, causing infertility or abortion. despite extensive research on the effect of these bacteria on female fertility, little research has been done on the influence of c. fetus subsp. fetus on the male factor. our objective was to examine the influence of c. fetus subsp. fetus on ram sperm. motility index, percentage of live spermatozoa, mean alphat value (an indication of the chromatin stability of the sperm cell) and percentage o ...	2008	18927420
demographic determinants for campylobacter infection in england and wales: implications for future epidemiological studies.	despite a significant public health burden the epidemiology of human campylobacter infection remains blurred. the identification of demographic determinants for campylobacter infection is therefore essential for identifying potential areas for intervention. demographic data from an active, population-based sentinel surveillance system for campylobacter infection (from 2000 until 2003, n=15 907) were compared with appropriate denominator data from the 2001 united kingdom census. incidence was hig ...	2008	19000328
campylobacter infection as a trigger for guillain-barré syndrome in egypt.	most studies of campylobacter infection triggering guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) are conducted in western nations were campylobacter infection and immunity is relatively rare. in this study, we explored campylobacter infections, campylobacter serotypes, autoantibodies to gangliosides, and gbs in egypt, a country where campylobacter exposure is common.	2008	19002255
occurrence and characterization of campylobacter in the brazilian production and processing of broilers.	twenty-two commercial broiler flocks and their carcasses, totaling 546 samples (450 collected from a poultry farm and 96 from a slaughterhouse), were surveyed for the presence of campylobacter. the positive results for campylobacter among the analyzed samples were homogeneous, yielding 81.8% for cecal droppings, 80.9% for feces, and 80.4% for cloacal swabs. pre-enrichment and direct plating showed that 77.85% and 81.8% of cloacal swabs, respectively, were positive for campylobacter compared to 9 ...	2008	19166063
production, characterization and determination of the real catalytic properties of the putative 'succinate dehydrogenase' from wolinella succinogenes.	both the genomes of the epsilonproteobacteria wolinella succinogenes and campylobacter jejuni contain operons (sdhabe) that encode for so far uncharacterized enzyme complexes annotated as 'non-classical' succinate:quinone reductases (sqrs). however, the role of such an enzyme ostensibly involved in aerobic respiration in an anaerobic organism such as w. succinogenes has hitherto been unknown. we have established the first genetic system for the manipulation and production of a member of the non- ...	2009	19170876
isolation of campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus in a two-year-old quarterhorse with chronic diarrhea of an undetermined etiology.	a 2-year-old quarterhorse was evaluated for chronic diarrhea and weight loss of 5 weeks duration after numerous diagnostic tests failed to identify an underlying cause. historically, the horse was housed at pasture where human household waste vehicles were routinely cleaned and the effluent could run onto the field. physical examination revealed poor body condition and frequent high-volume diarrhea. diagnostic testing for salmonella spp., endoparasites, cryptosporidium spp., clostridium spp., an ...	2009	19286512
molecular epidemiology and characterization of campylobacter spp. isolated from wild bird populations in northern england.	campylobacter infections have been reported at prevalences ranging from 2 to 50% in a range of wild bird species, although there have been few studies that have investigated the molecular epidemiology of campylobacter spp. consequently, whether wild birds are a source of infection in humans or domestic livestock or are mainly recipients of domestic animal strains and whether separate cycles of infection occur remain unknown. to address these questions, serial cross-sectional surveys of wild bird ...	2009	19286781
[isolation of campylobacter fetus from persons with obstetric-gynecological infections].	campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus is a cause of different obstetric-gynecological diseases. it is a first time when rate of infection with campylobacter was studied and connection between the infection and development of chronic gynecologic diseases and pathology of labor was established. bacteria were isolated and identified in 36.0% +/- 0.7 of studied women admitted to inpatient clinics. it was established that campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus can cause abnormalities in placenta functio ...	2009	19338242
comparative studies of campylobacter jejuni genomic diversity reveal the importance of core and dispensable genes in the biology of this enigmatic food-borne pathogen.	mlst, dna microarrays, and genome sequencing has allowed for a greater understanding of the metabolic capacity and epidemiology of campylobacter jejuni. while strain-specific genes may provide an isolate a selective advantage in environments and contribute to the organism's pathogenicity, recent work indicates that c. jejuni pathogenicity is dictated by variations in the nucleotide sequence of core genes. challenges facing c. jejuni researchers include determining (a) the degree to which genomic ...	2009	19346123
characterization of two homologous disulfide bond systems involved in virulence factor biogenesis in uropathogenic escherichia coli cft073.	disulfide bond (dsb) formation is catalyzed by disulfide bond proteins and is critical for the proper folding and functioning of secreted and membrane-associated bacterial proteins. uropathogenic escherichia coli (upec) strains possess two paralogous disulfide bond systems: the well-characterized dsbab system and the recently described dsbli system. in the dsbab system, the highly oxidizing dsba protein introduces disulfide bonds into unfolded polypeptides by donating its redox-active disulfide ...	2009	19376849
improving protein extraction and separation methods for investigating the metaproteome of anaerobic benzene communities within sediments.	btex compounds such as benzene are frequent soil and groundwater contaminants that are easily biodegraded under oxic conditions by bacteria. in contrast, benzene is rather recalcitrant under anaerobic conditions. the analysis of anoxic degradation is often hampered by difficult sampling conditions, limited amounts of biomass and interference of matrix compounds with proteomic approaches. in order to improve the procedure for protein extraction we established a scheme consisting of the following ...	2009	19381451
[invasive disease due to campylobacter fetus in an immunocompetent infant].		2009	19409252
genomic analysis of campylobacter fetus subspecies: identification of candidate virulence determinants and diagnostic assay targets.	campylobacter fetus subspecies venerealis is the causative agent of bovine genital campylobacteriosis, asymptomatic in bulls the disease is spread to female cattle causing extensive reproductive loss. the microbiological and molecular differentiation of c. fetus subsp. venerealis from c. fetus subsp. fetus is extremely difficult. this study describes the analysis of the available c. fetus subsp. venerealis azul-94 strain genome (approximately 75-80%) to identify elements exclusively found in c. ...	2009	19422718
bilateral internal iliac artery aneurysm infected with campylobacter fetus.	this is a case report of a patient with campylobacter fetus involving bilateral internal iliac artery aneurysms. the patient was treated successfully by ligation of the bilateral iliac artery aneurysms and antibiotics. according to a review of the english-language medical literature, this was the first such patient to be reported. a 69-year-old african-american male presented with a past medical history of repair of a 6.6 cm abdominal aortic aneurysm. it had been repaired with a dacron bifurcate ...	2009	19698305