| natural presence of campylobacter spp. in various internal organs of commercial broiler breeder hens. | campylobacter are known to cause acute bacterial gastroenteritis in humans. poultry products have been implicated as a significant source of these infections. six experiments were performed to determine whether campylobacter could be isolated naturally from the primary and secondary lymphoid organs, liver/gallbladder, and ceca of commercial broiler breeder hens. broiler breeder hens were acquired from different commercial sources during the early, middle, and late lay cycles. the birds were euth ... | 2006 | 17039849 |
| cryptic plasmids isolated from campylobacter strains represent multiple, novel incompatibility groups. | three small, cryptic plasmids from the multi-drug-resistant (mdr) campylobacter coli strain rm2228 and one small, cryptic plasmid from the mdr campylobacter jejuni strain rm1170 were sequenced and characterized. pcc2228-1 has some similarity to firmicutes repl family plasmids that replicate via a rolling-circle mechanism. pcc2228-2 is a theta-replicating, iteron-containing plasmid (icp) that is a member of the same incompatibility (inc) group as previously described campylobacter shuttle vectors ... | 2007 | 17064774 |
| longitudinal study of finnish campylobacter jejuni and c. coli isolates from humans, using multilocus sequence typing, including comparison with epidemiological data and isolates from poultry and cattle. | we describe a study on the application of multilocus sequence typing for the analysis of campylobacter jejuni and c. coli isolates from human domestically acquired infections in the helsinki-uusimaa area of finland in 1996, 2002, and 2003. in addition, isolates from poultry meat and fecal samples of cattle from the seasonal peak (july to september) in 2003 were included in the study. in total, 361 finnish c. jejuni and c. coli strains were typed. sequence type 45 (st-45) (45%), st-21 (21%), and ... | 2007 | 17085689 |
| characterization of macrolide-resistant campylobacter coli isolates from food-producing animals on farms across japan during 2004. | we investigated the susceptibilities against 7 antimicrobial agents in campylobacter jejuni and c. coli isolates from food-producing animals in 2004. in comparison with the results of past surveillance, no significant difference was observed in resistance rates against all of the antimicrobials tested in campylobacter isolates. however, slight increase of erythromycin (em) resistance was found in c. coli isolates from pigs. we examined the mutation of the 23s rrna gene and their susceptibilities ... | 2006 | 17085893 |
| clonal complexes of campylobacter jejuni identified by multilocus sequence typing are reliably predicted by restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses of the flaa gene. | multilocus sequence typing (mlst) has provided important new insights into the population structure of campylobacter jejuni and is rapidly becoming the gold standard for typing this species. however, the methodology is comparatively costly and slow to perform for the routine surveillance testing of large numbers of isolates required by public health laboratories. restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the flaa gene (rflp-flaa) and sequencing of the variable region in the fla locus ... | 2007 | 17093018 |
| clonal complexes of campylobacter jejuni identified by multilocus sequence typing are reliably predicted by restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses of the flaa gene. | multilocus sequence typing (mlst) has provided important new insights into the population structure of campylobacter jejuni and is rapidly becoming the gold standard for typing this species. however, the methodology is comparatively costly and slow to perform for the routine surveillance testing of large numbers of isolates required by public health laboratories. restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the flaa gene (rflp-flaa) and sequencing of the variable region in the fla locus ... | 2007 | 17093018 |
| identification of helicobacter pylori genes that contribute to stomach colonization. | chronic infection of the human stomach by helicobacter pylori leads to a variety of pathological sequelae, including peptic ulcer and gastric cancer, resulting in significant human morbidity and mortality. several genes have been implicated in disease related to h. pylori infection, including the vacuolating cytotoxin and the cag pathogenicity island. other factors important for the establishment and maintenance of infection include urease enzyme production, motility, iron uptake, and stress res ... | 2007 | 17101654 |
| identification of helicobacter pylori genes that contribute to stomach colonization. | chronic infection of the human stomach by helicobacter pylori leads to a variety of pathological sequelae, including peptic ulcer and gastric cancer, resulting in significant human morbidity and mortality. several genes have been implicated in disease related to h. pylori infection, including the vacuolating cytotoxin and the cag pathogenicity island. other factors important for the establishment and maintenance of infection include urease enzyme production, motility, iron uptake, and stress res ... | 2007 | 17101654 |
| specific detection of campylobacter jejuni from faeces using single nucleotide polymorphisms. | specimens of human faeces were tested by a rapid strategy for detection of campylobacter jejuni lineages by the presence of specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) based on the c. jejuni multi locus sequence typing (mlst) scheme. this strategy was derived from analysis of the mlst databases to identify clonal complex specific snps followed by the design of real-time pcr assays to enable identification of six major c. jejuni clonal complexes associated with cases of human infection. the o ... | 2007 | 17109769 |
| specific detection of campylobacter jejuni from faeces using single nucleotide polymorphisms. | specimens of human faeces were tested by a rapid strategy for detection of campylobacter jejuni lineages by the presence of specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) based on the c. jejuni multi locus sequence typing (mlst) scheme. this strategy was derived from analysis of the mlst databases to identify clonal complex specific snps followed by the design of real-time pcr assays to enable identification of six major c. jejuni clonal complexes associated with cases of human infection. the o ... | 2007 | 17109769 |
| comparison of antimicrobial susceptibility testing of campylobacter spp. by the agar dilution and the agar disk diffusion methods. | the correlation and the level of agreement between the standardized agar dilution and the agar disk diffusion methods for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of campylobacter were investigated. a high-level agreement between the two methods was evident for aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones, while a low-level agreement was observed for other antibiotics. | 2007 | 17122005 |
| comparison of antimicrobial susceptibility testing of campylobacter spp. by the agar dilution and the agar disk diffusion methods. | the correlation and the level of agreement between the standardized agar dilution and the agar disk diffusion methods for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of campylobacter were investigated. a high-level agreement between the two methods was evident for aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones, while a low-level agreement was observed for other antibiotics. | 2007 | 17122005 |
| a multi-centre prospective case-control study of campylobacter infection in persons aged 5 years and older in australia. | there are an estimated 277,000 cases of campylobacteriosis in australia each year, most of which are thought to be sporadically acquired. to explore causes for these infections, we conducted a multi-centre case-control study of patients and community controls across five australian states during 2001-2002. a total of 881 campylobacter cases and 833 controls aged 5 years were recruited into the study. crude logistic analyses were conducted within various food and non-food exposure groups. a final ... | 2007 | 17134530 |
| a multi-centre prospective case-control study of campylobacter infection in persons aged 5 years and older in australia. | there are an estimated 277,000 cases of campylobacteriosis in australia each year, most of which are thought to be sporadically acquired. to explore causes for these infections, we conducted a multi-centre case-control study of patients and community controls across five australian states during 2001-2002. a total of 881 campylobacter cases and 833 controls aged 5 years were recruited into the study. crude logistic analyses were conducted within various food and non-food exposure groups. a final ... | 2007 | 17134530 |
| conjugative transfer of chromosomally encoded antibiotic resistance from helicobacter pylori to campylobacter jejuni. | many strains of helicobacter pylori are naturally competent for transformation and able to transfer chromosomal dna among different isolates using a conjugation-like mechanism. in this study, we sought to determine whether h. pylori can transfer dna into campylobacter jejuni, a closely related species of the campylobacterales group. to monitor the transfer, a chromosomally encoded streptomycin resistance cassette prearranged by a specific mutation in the rpsl gene of h. pylori was used. mating o ... | 2007 | 17135441 |
| conjugative transfer of chromosomally encoded antibiotic resistance from helicobacter pylori to campylobacter jejuni. | many strains of helicobacter pylori are naturally competent for transformation and able to transfer chromosomal dna among different isolates using a conjugation-like mechanism. in this study, we sought to determine whether h. pylori can transfer dna into campylobacter jejuni, a closely related species of the campylobacterales group. to monitor the transfer, a chromosomally encoded streptomycin resistance cassette prearranged by a specific mutation in the rpsl gene of h. pylori was used. mating o ... | 2007 | 17135441 |
| study on the prevalence of campylobacter spp. from chicken meat in hanoi, vietnam. | campylobacter spp. is considered to be the most common bacterial cause of human gastroenteritis worldwide. in developing countries, campylobacter spp. diarrhea is an important cause of childhood morbidity. chicken meat is known to be a major source of campylobacteriosis infection in the world. the purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of campylobacter spp. in chicken meat. a total of 100 samples from breast part of chicken carcass were collected from retail market in hanoi. the ... | 2006 | 17135525 |
| a pilot study on post-evisceration contamination of broiler carcasses and ready-to-sell livers and intestines (mala) with campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in a high-throughput south african poultry abattoir. | to assess post-evisceration contamination of broiler carcasses, 300 samples were randomly selected during routine slaughter in the winter of 2004. the samples originated from 50 chicken carcasses, taken directly after evisceration, as well as 25 samples from ready-to-sell packages of fresh intestines (mala) and livers. the samples were taken in batches over a period of 4 weeks to allow randomised sampling from different farms of origin. conventional culture-based detection methods of campylobact ... | 2006 | 17137050 |
| relationship between the severity of hepatitis c virus-related liver disease and the presence of helicobacter species in the liver: a prospective study. | to determine the presence of helicobacter species dna in the liver of chronic hepatitis c (chc) patients with and without cirrhosis as compared to controls, and to identify the bacterial species involved. | 2006 | 17143941 |
| distribution and ecology of campylobacters in coastal plain streams (georgia, united states of america). | campylobacter is the leading cause of bacterium-associated diarrhea in the united states and most developed countries. while this disease is considered a food-borne disease, many clinical cases cannot be linked to a food source. in rural and agrarian areas environmental transmission may be an important factor contributing to case loads. here we investigated the waterborne prevalence of campylobacters in a mixed-use rural watershed in the coastal plain of southern georgia (united states). six sit ... | 2007 | 17172457 |
| distribution and ecology of campylobacters in coastal plain streams (georgia, united states of america). | campylobacter is the leading cause of bacterium-associated diarrhea in the united states and most developed countries. while this disease is considered a food-borne disease, many clinical cases cannot be linked to a food source. in rural and agrarian areas environmental transmission may be an important factor contributing to case loads. here we investigated the waterborne prevalence of campylobacters in a mixed-use rural watershed in the coastal plain of southern georgia (united states). six sit ... | 2007 | 17172457 |
| new consensus guidelines from the clinical and laboratory standards institute for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of infrequently isolated or fastidious bacteria. | the clinical and laboratory standards institute (clsi) recently published a new laboratory guideline for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of infrequently encountered or fastidious bacteria not covered in previous clsi publications. the organisms include aeromonas species, bacillus species, and vibrio species that may cause infections following environmental exposure. fastidious organisms that may cause endocarditis or medical device infections include abiotrophia and granulicatella species; ... | 2007 | 17173232 |
| campylobacter jejuni multilocus sequence types in humans, northwest england, 2003-2004. | detailed understanding of the epidemiology of campylobacter is increasingly facilitated through use of universal and reproducible techniques for accurate strain differentiation and subtyping. multilocus sequence typing (mlst) enables discriminatory subtyping and grouping of isolate types into genetically related clonal complexes; it also has the advantage of ease of application and repeatability. recent studies suggest that a measure of host association may be distinguishable with this system. w ... | 2006 | 17176563 |
| prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolated from raw chicken meat and human stools in korea. | prevalence of campylobacter in raw chicken meat and human stools and subsequent antibiotic resistance profiles of the pathogenic isolates obtained from 2000 through 2002 were investigated. campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli were isolated from 570 of the 923 raw chicken meat samples collected from traditional markets, large retail stores, or department stores in korea, resulting in the isolation rate of 61.8%. a total of 579 campylobacter isolates were obtained from raw chicken (36.3% fo ... | 2006 | 17186659 |
| the absence of intervening sequences in 23s rrna genes of campylobacter coli isolates from turkeys is a unique attribute of a cluster of related strains which also lack resistance to erythromycin. | certain campylobacter strains harbor a transcribed intervening sequence (ivs) in their 23s rrna genes. following transcription, the ivs is excised, leading to fragmentation of the 23s rrna. the origin and possible functions of the ivs are unknown. furthermore, the distribution of ivs-harboring strains within campylobacter populations is poorly understood. in this study, 104 strains of campylobacter coli from turkeys, representing 27 different multilocus sequence typing-based sequence types (sts) ... | 2007 | 17189444 |
| susceptibility of bacteria isolated from pigs to tiamulin and enrofloxacin metabolites. | susceptibilities to metabolites of tiamulin (tia) and enrofloxacin (enr) were tested using selected bacteria with previously defined minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic). the tia metabolites tested were: n-deethyl-tiamulin (dtia), 2beta-hydroxy-tiamulin (2beta-htia) and 8alpha-hydroxy-tiamulin (8alpha-htia), and the enr metabolites were: ciprofloxacin (cip) and enrofloxacin n-oxide (enr-n). bacteria, all of porcine origin, were selected as representatives of bacterial infections (staphylococc ... | 2007 | 17194550 |
| antibiotic resistance of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli clinical isolates from poland. | we tested 102 campylobacter jejuni and 6 campylobacter coli clinical isolates from poland. all were susceptible to erythromycin. among the tested c. jejuni isolates 55.9% and 13.7% were resistant to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline, respectively. replacement of thr86 with ile in gyra and a plasmid-borne tet(o) gene were the main resistance mechanisms for fluoroquinolones and tetracycline, respectively. | 2007 | 17210776 |
| the orphan response regulator hp1021 of helicobacter pylori regulates transcription of a gene cluster presumably involved in acetone metabolism. | helicobacter pylori is a gastric pathogen for which no nonhuman reservoir is known. in accordance with the tight adaptation to its unique habitat, the human stomach, h. pylori is endowed with a very restricted repertoire of regulatory proteins. nevertheless, the three complete two-component systems of h. pylori were shown to be involved in the regulation of important virulence traits like motility and acid resistance and in the control of metal homeostasis. hp1021 is an orphan response regulator ... | 2007 | 17220217 |
| evaluation of genetic markers and molecular typing methods for prediction of sources of campylobacter jejuni and c. coli infections. | campylobacter jejuni and c. coli isolates from poultry, cattle, and humans were studied using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and pcr of candidate livestock-associated marker genes. human isolates showed 5.7 and 61% overlap with cattle and poultry isolates, respectively, by use of pfge. no unambiguous association was found between marker genes (the cj1321 and cj1324 genes) and livestock-associated isolates. | 2007 | 17220252 |
| survey of chicken abattoir for the presence of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. | the genus campylobacter is of great importance to public health because it includes several species that may cause diarrhea. these species may be found in water, food and in the intestinal tract of chickens. this study investigated the presence of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in chicken abattoirs in são paulo state, brazil. a total of 288 samples of feces, feathers, scald water, evisceration water, chiller water, and the rinse water of eviscerated, not eviscerated and chilled carc ... | 2006 | 17221125 |
| relationships between bacterial genotypes and in vitro virulence properties of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolated from turkeys. | campylobacter isolates from turkeys were genotyped and characterized by their in vitro virulence properties. relationships between bacterial genotypes and virulence properties were analysed. | 2007 | 17241349 |
| campylobacter coli isolates derived from chickens in senegal: diversity, genetic exchange with campylobacter jejuni and quinolone resistance. | we used the multilocus sequence typing (mlst) method to study the genetic diversity of campylobacter coli isolated from chickens in senegal, and to check the presence of genetic exchange with campylobacter jejuni. in addition, we assessed the resistance of the isolates to ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid, and their gyra sequences. mlst revealed a low level of diversity and the absence of lineages among c. coli isolates. in addition, an exchange of alleles with c. jejuni was found. twenty percent ... | 2007 | 17258435 |
| characterization of campylobacter jejuni biofilms under defined growth conditions. | campylobacter jejuni is a major cause of human diarrheal disease in many industrialized countries and is a source of public health and economic burden. c. jejuni, present as normal flora in the intestinal tract of commercial broiler chickens and other livestock, is probably the main source of human infections. the presence of c. jejuni in biofilms found in animal production watering systems may play a role in the colonization of these animals. we have determined that c. jejuni can form biofilms ... | 2007 | 17259368 |
| comparison of disk diffusion and agar dilution methods for erythromycin and ciprofloxacin susceptibility testing of campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni. | disk diffusion was a reliable, easy, and inexpensive method for testing the susceptibility of campylobacter jejuni to erythromycin (215 susceptible and 45 resistant isolates) and to ciprofloxacin (154 susceptible, two intermediate, and 124 resistant isolates) using, respectively, an erythromycin disk and ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid disks. | 2007 | 17261628 |
| identification of putative zinc hydrolase genes of the metallo-beta-lactamase superfamily from campylobacter jejuni. | dna fragments encoding two putative zinc-dependent hydrolases, designated glx2-1 and glx2-2, from a clinical isolate of campylobacter jejuni, strain 012, were cloned and sequenced. glx2-1 was encoded by a sequence of 798 bp and glx2-2 by a sequence of 597 bp. the amino acid sequences deduced from c. jejuni dna showed 99% and 100% identity, respectively, to putative zinc hydrolases reported from c. jejuni atcc strain 11168, and also shared identity (28-43%) with several hypothetical conserved pro ... | 2007 | 17266723 |
| succession in the intestinal microbiota of preadolescent turkeys. | in the present study, automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (arisa), library sequence analysis, real-time pcr detection of bacteroides uniformis and campylobacter coli and dot-blot hybridizations of clostridiaceae were used to identify trends in microbial colonization of the ceca of male turkeys. two separate trials were performed with six and five birds, respectively. arisa community profiles identified a period of community transition at week 12 of age in both trials. a significant in ... | 2007 | 17284250 |
| clonal population structure and specific genotypes of multidrug-resistant campylobacter coli from turkeys. | commercial turkey flocks in north carolina have been found to be colonized frequently with campylobacter coli strains that are resistant to several antimicrobials (tetracycline, streptomycin, erythromycin, kanamycin, and ciprofloxacin/nalidixic acid). such strains have been designated multidrug resistant (mdr). however, the population structure of mdr c. coli from turkeys remains poorly characterized. in this study, an analysis of multilocus sequence typing (mlst)-based sequence types (sts) of 5 ... | 2007 | 17293500 |
| evaluation of an enzyme immunoassay-based stool antigen test to detect campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. | an enzyme immunoassay-based antigen test (ridascreen campylobacter; r-biopharm, darmstadt, germany) was evaluated for the detection of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in 1050 clinical stool samples as compared with culture on selective medium. after routine inoculation for salmonella, shigella, yersinia, aeromonas, plesiomonas, and campylobacter, the same swab specimens were used for the antigen test. the positivity rate for campylobacter was 9.3% in culture, and the antigen test gav ... | 2007 | 17300899 |
| evaluating antibiotics for use in medicine using a poloxamer biofilm model. | wound infections, due to biofilms, are a constant problem because of their recalcitrant nature towards antibiotics. appropriate antibiotic selection for the treatment of these biofilm infections is important. the traditional in vitro disc diffusion method for antibiotic selection uses bacterial cultures grown on agar plates. however, the form of bacterial growth on agar is not representative of how bacteria grow in wounds and other tissue sites as here bacteria grow naturally in a biofilm. the a ... | 2007 | 17302978 |
| antimicrobial resistance of arcobacter and campylobacter from broiler carcasses. | the antimicrobial resistance of arcobacter (n=174) and campylobacter (n=215) isolated from broiler carcasses in a us poultry processing plant was examined. for arcobacter, 93.7% (n=163) were resistant to one or more antimicrobials and 71.8% (n=125) were resistant to two or more antimicrobials. for campylobacter, 99.5% (n=214) were resistant to one or more antimicrobials and 28.4% (n=61) were resistant to two or more antimicrobials. arcobacter butzleri isolates were particularly resistant to clin ... | 2007 | 17303391 |
| emerging fluoroquinolone and macrolide resistance of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolates and their serotypes in thai children from 1991 to 2000. | this study investigated fluoroquinolone, macrolide resistances and serotype distributions among campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolated from children in bangkok and rural settings during 1991-2000. phenotypic identification, serotyping, and susceptibility testing were performed by standard microbiological procedures. the predominant serotypes of c. jejuni were lior 36, 2 and 4 and of c. coli were lior 8, 29 and 55. resistance to nalidixic acid increased significantly during 1991-200 ... | 2007 | 17306054 |
| dissemination of antimicrobial resistant strains of campylobacter coli and campylobacter jejuni among cattle in washington state and california. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the genetic similarity of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli with similar antimicrobial resistance phenotypes, isolated from cattle on different farms and at different times, in order to evaluate the possible existence of disseminated antimicrobial resistant clones. pfge after smai and kpni restriction identified 23 and 16 distinct pfge patterns among 29 c. jejuni and 66 c. coli isolates, respectively. in c. coli, 51 (77%) of the resistant is ... | 2007 | 17321701 |
| peptide transport in helicobacter pylori: roles of dpp and opp systems and evidence for additional peptide transporters. | despite research into the nutritional requirements of helicobacter pylori, little is known regarding its use of complex substrates, such as peptides. analysis of genome sequences revealed putative abc-type transporter genes for dipeptide (dppabcdf) and oligopeptide (oppabcd) transport. genes from each system were pcr amplified, cloned, and disrupted by cassette insertion either individually (dppa, dppb, dppc, oppa, oppb, and oppc) or to create double mutants (dppa oppa, dppb oppb, dppb dppc, and ... | 2007 | 17322309 |
| a phylogenomic analysis of the actinomycetales mce operons. | the genome of mycobacterium tuberculosis harbors four copies of a cluster of genes termed mce operons. despite extensive research that has demonstrated the importance of these operons on infection outcome, their physiological function remains obscure. expanding databases of complete microbial genome sequences facilitate a comparative genomic approach that can provide valuable insight into the role of uncharacterized proteins. | 2007 | 17324287 |
| identification of genomic differences between campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni and c. jejuni subsp. doylei at the nap locus leads to the development of a c. jejuni subspeciation multiplex pcr method. | the human bacterial pathogen campylobacter jejuni contains two subspecies: c. jejuni subsp. jejuni (cjj) and c. jejuni subsp. doylei (cjd). although cjd strains are isolated infrequently in many parts of the world, they are obtained primarily from human clinical samples and result in an unusual clinical symptomatology in that, in addition to gastroenteritis, they are associated often with bacteremia. in this study, we describe a novel multiplex pcr method, based on the nitrate reductase (nap) lo ... | 2007 | 17328805 |
| kinetics of the human antibody response against salmonella enterica serovars enteritidis and typhimurium determined by lipopolysaccharide enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | two indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) were employed to measure levels of immunoglobulin g (igg), igm, and iga antibodies against salmonella in sera from 303 danish patients diagnosed by fecal culture with either salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis or salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium infections. the elisas were based on serovar enteritidis lipopolysaccharide (lps) and serovar typhimurium lps. the antibody levels were assessed approximately 1, 3, 6, and 12 months afte ... | 2007 | 17329442 |
| antisense rna modulation of alkyl hydroperoxide reductase levels in helicobacter pylori correlates with organic peroxide toxicity but not infectivity. | much of the gene content of the human gastric pathogen helicobacter pylori ( approximately 1.7-mb genome) is considered essential. this view is based on the completeness of metabolic pathways, infrequency of nutritional auxotrophies, and paucity of pathway redundancies typically found in bacteria with larger genomes. thus, genetic analysis of gene function is often hampered by lethality. in the absence of controllable promoters, often used to titrate gene function, we investigated the feasibilit ... | 2007 | 17337572 |
| novel campylobacter isolation method using hydrophobic grid membrane filter and semisolid medium. | culture procedures for isolation of thermophilic campylobacters from food matrices are complex, labor intensive, and time-consuming. most available methods include the use of antibiotics as selective agents to prevent the growth of competing microflora. a simple procedure for isolation of thermophilic campylobacters after enrichment in rosef's enrichment broth was developed using a hydrophobic grid membrane filter (hgmf) on semisolid medium (ssm). ssm contains no antibiotics, and the hgmf physic ... | 2007 | 17340869 |
| comparison of the localization and post-translational modification of campylobacter coli cjac and its homolog from campylobacter jejuni, cj0734c/hisj. | campylobacter is an asaccharolytic microorganism which uses amino acids as a source of carbon and energy. cjac/hisj is a ligand-binding protein, a component of the abc transport system. campylobacter cjac/hisj is post-translationally modified by glycosylation. the number of glycosylation motifs present in the cjac protein is species-specific. c. coli cjac has two and c. jejuni one motif (e/dxnys/t) which serves as a glycan acceptor. although the two c. coli cjac motifs have identical amino-acid ... | 2007 | 17351673 |
| comparative analysis of cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) genes among campylobacter jejuni, c. coli and c. fetus strains. | the cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) gene clusters of campylobacter coli strain co1-243 and c. fetus strain col-187 were cloned and sequenced to understand the importance of cdt as a virulence factor. the cdt genes of c. coli and c. fetus consist of three closely linked genes termed cdta, cdtb, cdtc whose sizes are 774, 801, and 570 bp, and 702, 798, and 546 bp, respectively. the homologies of each subunit of cdt genes between c. jejuni and c. coli, c. jejuni and c. fetus, or c. coli and c. fet ... | 2007 | 17353111 |
| effect of macrolide usage on emergence of erythromycin-resistant campylobacter isolates in chickens. | in this work we conducted both in vitro and in vivo experiments to examine the development and mechanisms of erythromycin (ery) resistance in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. in vitro plating revealed that both campylobacter species had similar but low spontaneous mutation frequencies (3 x 10(-9) to <5.41 x 10(-10)) for ery resistance. chickens infected with c. jejuni or c. coli were subjected to single or multiple treatments with medicated water containing tylosin (0.53 g/liter), wh ... | 2007 | 17353243 |
| distribution and genetic variability among campylobacter spp. isolates from different animal species and humans in switzerland. | in switzerland, a national database with 1028 campylobacter isolates from poultry, pigs, cats, dogs, cattle, humans, zoo animals and water has been created. the database contains the genetic fingerprint and background information of each campylobacter isolate. dominant species could be identified in the different sources with a majority of campylobacter jejuni in poultry (73%), humans (79%), cattle (95%), zoo animals (40%) and water (100%), of campylobacter coli in pigs (72%), and of campylobact ... | 2007 | 17359440 |
| campylobacter reactive arthritis: a systematic review. | to review the literature on the epidemiology of campylobacter-associated reactive arthritis (rea). | 2007 | 17360026 |
| prevalence of campylobacter spp. in cattle in finland and antimicrobial susceptibilities of bovine campylobacter jejuni strains. | the study investigated the prevalence of campylobacter spp. in finnish cattle at slaughter and carcass contamination after slaughter. during the period january to december 2003, bovine rectal fecal samples (n=952) and carcass surface samples (n=948) from 12 out of 15 finnish slaughterhouses were examined. in total, campylobacters were detected in 31.1% of fecal samples and in 3.5% of carcass surface samples. campylobacter jejuni was isolated from 19.5%, campylobacter coli from 2.2%, and presumpt ... | 2007 | 17369335 |
| characterization of genetically matched isolates of campylobacter jejuni reveals that mutations in genes involved in flagellar biosynthesis alter the organism's virulence potential. | phenotypic and genotypic evidence suggests that not all campylobacter jejuni isolates are pathogenic for humans. we hypothesized that differences in gene content or gene expression alter the degree of pathogenicity of c. jejuni isolates. a c. jejuni isolate (turkey) recovered from a turkey and a second c. jejuni isolate (cs) recovered from a chicken differed in their degrees of in vitro and in vivo virulence. the c. jejuni turkey isolate invaded int 407 human epithelial cells and secreted the ci ... | 2007 | 17369342 |
| targeted metabolomics analysis of campylobacter coli vc167 reveals legionaminic acid derivatives as novel flagellar glycans. | glycosylation of campylobacter flagellin is required for the biogenesis of a functional flagella filament. recently, we used a targeted metabolomics approach using mass spectrometry and nmr to identify changes in the metabolic profile of wild type and mutants in the flagellar glycosylation locus, characterize novel metabolites, and assign function to genes to define the pseudaminic acid biosynthetic pathway in campylobacter jejuni 81-176 (mcnally, d. j., hui, j. p., aubry, a. j., mui, k. k., gue ... | 2007 | 17371878 |
| a helicobacter hepaticus catalase mutant is hypersensitive to oxidative stress and suffers increased dna damage. | catalase (kata) is known to play an important role in oxidative stress resistance in many bacterial species and a homologue exists in helicobacter hepaticus, a member of the enterohepatic helicobacter species. here, a kata mutant was constructed by insertional mutagenesis and its oxidative stress phenotype was investigated. catalase activity was readily detected [196 units (mg protein crude cell extract)(-1)] in the wild-type, whereas the mutant strain was deficient in, but not devoid of, activi ... | 2007 | 17374900 |
| a genotyping investigation of the colonization of piglets by campylobacter coli in the first 10 weeks of life. | to examine the campylobacter genotypes colonizing a litter of piglets during the first 10 weeks of life and compare them with those of the sow. | 2007 | 17381734 |
| prevalence, numbers, and subtypes of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in uncooked retail meat samples. | a national quantitative survey of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in 1,011 uncooked retail meat samples (beef, unweaned veal, chicken, lamb and mutton, and pork) was undertaken from august 2003 to june 2004 to establish baseline proportionality data. the presence, number, and type of campylobacter present in each sample was assessed. prevalences of c. jejuni and c. coli were 89.1% in chicken, 9.1% in pork, 6.9% in lamb and mutton, 3.5% in beef, and 10% in unweaned veal. c. jejuni was ... | 2007 | 17388043 |
| helicobacter pylori is invasive and it may be a facultative intracellular organism. | the pathogenicity of many bacteria colonizing the gastrointestinal tract often depends on their ability to gain access to cells that are normally non-phagocytic. helicobacter pylori colonizes the stomach of over half the world population and is the main cause of peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. it is generally considered to be a non-invasive pathogen present only in the lumen of the stomach and attached to gastric epithelial cells although a number of in vivo and in vitro studies have de ... | 2007 | 17388791 |
| antibiotic resistance in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolated from poultry in the south-east queensland region. | the aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial resistance patterns of 125 campylobacter jejuni and 27 campylobacter coli isolates from 39 queensland broiler farms. | 2007 | 17392353 |
| detection of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in chicken meat samples by real-time nucleic acid sequence-based amplification with molecular beacons. | a nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (nasba) assay based on molecular beacons was used for real-time detection of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in samples of chicken meat. a set of specific primers and beacon probe were designed to target the 16s rrna of both species. the real-time nasba protocol including the rna isolation was valid for both of the cell suspensions in buffered saline and the artificially contaminated chicken meat samples. the presence of rrna could be corre ... | 2007 | 17395329 |
| detection and identification of bacterial enteropathogens by polymerase chain reaction and conventional techniques in childhood acute gastroenteritis in gaza, palestine. | acute gastroenteritis and diarrhea are common and costly problems that cause significant morbidity and mortality in children worldwide. in palestine, diarrhea is one of the major causes of outpatient visits and hospitalizations. | 2007 | 17398132 |
| thermophilic campylobacter spp. in salad vegetables in malaysia. | the main aim of this study was to combine the techniques of most probable number (mpn) and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for quantifying the prevalence and numbers of campylobacter spp. in ulam, a popular malaysian salad dish, from a traditional wet market and two modern supermarkets in selangor, malaysia. a total of 309 samples of raw vegetables which are used in ulam were examined in the study. the prevalences of campylobacters in raw vegetables were, for supermarket i, campylobacter spp., 5 ... | 2007 | 17399832 |
| high-resolution dna melt curve analysis of the clustered, regularly interspaced short-palindromic-repeat locus of campylobacter jejuni. | a novel method for genotyping the clustered, regularly interspaced short-palindromic-repeat (crispr) locus of campylobacter jejuni is described. following real-time pcr, crispr products were subjected to high-resolution melt (hrm) analysis, a new technology that allows precise melt profile determination of amplicons. this investigation shows that the crispr hrm assay provides a powerful addition to existing c. jejuni genotyping methods and emphasizes the potential of hrm for genotyping short seq ... | 2007 | 17400785 |
| characterization of a novel bifunctional dihydropteroate synthase/dihydropteroate reductase enzyme from helicobacter pylori. | tetrahydrofolate is a ubiquitous c(1) carrier in many biosynthetic pathways in bacteria, importantly, in the biosynthesis of formylmethionyl trna(fmet), which is essential for the initiation of translation. the final step in the biosynthesis of tetrahydrofolate is carried out by the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr). a search of the complete genome sequence of helicobacter pylori failed to reveal any sequence that encodes dhfr. previous studies demonstrated that the h. pylori dihydropteroate ... | 2007 | 17416665 |
| detection and genotyping of arcobacter and campylobacter isolates from retail chicken samples by use of dna oligonucleotide arrays. | to explore the use of dna microarrays for pathogen detection in food, we produced dna oligonucleotide arrays to simultaneously determine the presence of arcobacter and the presence of campylobacter in retail chicken samples. probes were selected that target housekeeping and virulence-associated genes in both arcobacter butzleri and thermotolerant campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. these microarrays showed a high level of probe specificity; the signal intensities detected for a. butzler ... | 2007 | 17416693 |
| genetic characterisation of the cjaab operon of campylobacter coli. | we investigated the regulation of the cjaa and cjab genes of campylobacter coli. these genes are seemingly arranged into one operon but appear to encode functionally different proteins i.e. an extracytoplasmic solute receptor and a mhs - metabolite: h+ symporter transport protein. analysis of various transcriptional cjaa and/or cjab lacz fusion constructs revealed that both genes are arranged in an operon. race analysis located the transcription start site of the cjaab operon 46 bp upstream of t ... | 2006 | 17419285 |
| vibrionic dysentery in swine in ontario-part ii: morphological, biochemical and serological characteristics of vibrio coli. | | 1962 | 17421518 |
| prevalence of salmonella and campylobacter contamination in manitoba swine carcasses. | muscle samples from the neck and diaphragm and fecal samples were collected from five hogs from each of 50 lots of market hogs at three manitoba abattoirs. environmental samples were also collected. each sample was tested for salmonella contamination, and tissue and fecal samples were tested for campylobacter.salmonella was isolated from 34 (4.1%) of 821 samples, with 17 of the isolates coming from one lot of hogs and their concurrent environment. campylobacter was isolated from 175 (26.3%) of 6 ... | 1986 | 17422650 |
| genome sequence of a clinical isolate of campylobacter jejuni from thailand. | campylobacter jejuni cg8486, which belongs to the hs4 complex, was isolated from a patient with inflammatory diarrhea in thailand. this strain caused a diarrheal disease in ferrets comparable to that caused by c. jejuni strain 81-176, but it was much less invasive for epithelial cells in vitro than 81-176. complete genome sequencing of cg8486 revealed a 1.65-mb genome that was very similar to the other two published genomes of clinical isolates of c. jejuni, the genomes of 81-176 and nctc 11168, ... | 2007 | 17438034 |
| detection by pcr of eight groups of enteric pathogens in 4,627 faecal samples: re-examination of the english case-control infectious intestinal disease study (1993-1996). | the english case-control infectious intestinal disease study (1993-1996) failed to detect an enteric pathogen or toxin in 49% of cases of gastroenteritis. in the present study, polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays were applied to dna and cdna generated from 4,627 faecal samples from cases and controls archived during the original study for the detection of norovirus, rotavirus, sapovirus, campylobacter spp., salmonella spp., enteroaggregative escherichia coli, cryptosporidium spp., and giardia ... | 2007 | 17447091 |
| use of suppression subtractive hybridisation to extend our knowledge of genome diversity in campylobacter jejuni. | previous studies have sought to identify a link between the distribution of variable genes amongst isolates of campylobacter jejuni and particular host preferences. the genomic sequence data available currently was obtained using only isolates from human or chicken hosts. in order to identify variable genes present in isolates from alternative host species, five subtractions between c. jejuni isolates from different sources (rabbit, cattle, wild bird) were carried out, designed to assess genomic ... | 2007 | 17470265 |
| campylobacter jejuni colonization and transmission in broiler chickens: a modelling perspective. | campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common causes of acute enteritis in the developed world. the consumption of contaminated poultry, where c. jejuni is believed to be a commensal organism, is a major risk factor. however, the dynamics of this colonization process in commercially reared chickens is still poorly understood. quantification of these dynamics of infection at an individual level is vital to understand transmission within populations and formulate new control strategies. there are ... | 2007 | 17472905 |
| relapsing campylobacter coli bacteremia with reactive arthritis in a patient with x-linked agammaglobulinemia. | a patient genetically diagnosed with x-linked agammaglobulinemia repeatedly developed bacteremia due to campylobacter coli (c. coli) for one year and seven months in spite of immunoglobulin replacement therapy. throughout the clinical course, c. coli with identical genetic patterns was repeatedly isolated from both blood and stool cultures, thus indicating that the patient had latent intestinal infection. the bacteremia was always accompanied by reactive arthritis. since the immunoglobulin level ... | 2007 | 17473499 |
| campylobacter antimicrobial drug resistance among humans, broiler chickens, and pigs, france. | we describe isolates from human campylobacter infection in the french population and the isolates' antimicrobial drug resistance patterns since 1986 and compare the trends with those of isolates from broiler chickens and pigs from 1999 through 2004. among 5,685 human campylobacter isolates, 76.2% were c. jejuni, 17.2% c. coli, and 5.0% c. fetus. resistance to nalidixic acid increased from 8.2% in 1990 to 26.3% in 2004 (p < 10(-3)), and resistance to ampicillin was high over time. nalidixic acid ... | 2007 | 17479889 |
| host-associated genetic import in campylobacter jejuni. | host association of campylobacter jejuni was analyzed by using multilocus sequence typing data for 713 isolates from chickens and bovids (cattle and sheep). commonly used summary measures of genotypes (sequence type and clonal complex) showed poor accuracy, but a method using the full allelic profile showed 80% accuracy in distinguishing isolates from these 2 host groups. we explored the biologic basis of more accurate results with allelic profiles. strains isolated from specific hosts have impo ... | 2007 | 17479890 |
| survey of campylobacter, salmonella and mycoplasmas in house crows (corvus splendens) in malaysia. | house crows (corvus splendens) in selangor, malaysia were examined for the presence of campylobacter species, salmonella species, mycoplasma gallisepticum and mycoplasma synoviae by serology, culture and pcr. for the detection of campylobacter and salmonella species swabs were taken either from the intestine or cloaca. for the detection of mycoplasmas, swabs were taken either from the choanal cleft or trachea for culture and pcr and serum samples were tested by the rapid serum agglutination (rsa ... | 2007 | 17483380 |
| campylobacter in finnish organic laying hens in autumn 2003 and spring 2004. | a total of 642 fecal samples and 360 table eggs from finnish organic laying hens were collected in autumn 2003 (19 farms) and spring 2004 (17 farms) and studied for the presence of campylobacter. in autumn, 84% of the farms were positive for campylobacter and in spring, 76%. the percentage of positive samples within a flock varied between 5 and 100%. in addition, campylobacter was isolated in a single eggshell sample. campylobacter jejuni was the species isolated most often, although campylobact ... | 2007 | 17495096 |
| development and application of real-time pcr assays for quantification of erm genes conferring resistance to macrolides-lincosamides-streptogramin b in livestock manure and manure management systems. | erythromycin and tylosin are commonly used in animal production, and such use is perceived to contribute to the overall antimicrobial resistance (ar) reservoirs. quantitative measurements of this type of ar reservoir in microbial communities are required to understand ar ecology (e.g., emergence, persistence, and dissemination). we report here the development, validation, and use of six real-time pcr assays for quantifying six classes of erm genes (classes a through c, f, t, and x) that encode t ... | 2007 | 17496134 |
| phylogenetic relationships of campylobacter jejuni based on pora sequences. | campylobacter porins are the dominant major outer membrane protein (momp) of these bacteria. they are composed of hypervariable, surface-exposed, peptide loops and membrane-embedded, conserved peptide regions. porins are functionally important and may also be useful for molecular subtyping methods but have not yet been well characterized. we therefore sequenced the pora gene from 39 campylobacter isolates, including multilocus sequence type (mlst) reference strains, isolates from patients with t ... | 2007 | 17496947 |
| role of the plasmid-encoded tet(o) gene in tetracycline-resistant clinical isolates of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. | the prevalence of tetracycline resistance, tetracycline mics and tet(o) gene localization were investigated in 83 campylobacter isolates from patients suffering from acute gastroenteritis in germany. combined biochemical and molecular markers identified 74 isolates (89 %) as campylobacter jejuni, including seven atypical isolates that failed to hydrolyse hippurate, and nine isolates (11 %) as campylobacter coli. tetracycline resistance was detected in six out of nine campylobacter coli isolates ... | 2007 | 17510271 |
| development of experimental genetic tools for campylobacter fetus. | molecular analysis of the virulence mechanisms of the emerging pathogen campylobacter fetus has been hampered by the lack of genetic tools. we report the development and functional analysis of escherichia coli-campylobacter shuttle vectors that are appropriate for c. fetus. some vectors were constructed based on the known campylobacter coli plasmid pip1455 replicon, which confers a wide host range in campylobacter spp. versatility in directing gene expression was achieved by introducing a strong ... | 2007 | 17513579 |
| heterogeneity of a campylobacter jejuni protein that is secreted through the flagellar filament. | cj0859c, or fspa, is a small, acidic protein of campylobacter jejuni that is expressed by a sigma(28) promoter. analysis of the fspa gene in 41 isolates of c. jejuni revealed two overall variants of the predicted protein, fspa1 and fspa2. secretion of fspa occurs in broth-grown bacteria and requires a minimum flagellar structure. the addition of recombinant fspa2, but not fspa1, to int407 cells in vitro resulted in a rapid induction of apoptosis. these data define a novel c. jejuni virulence fac ... | 2007 | 17517862 |
| common genomic features of campylobacter jejuni subsp. doylei strains distinguish them from c. jejuni subsp. jejuni. | campylobacter jejuni has been divided into two subspecies: c. jejuni subsp. jejuni (cjj) and c. jejuni subsp. doylei (cjd). nearly all of the c. jejuni strains isolated are cjj; nevertheless, although cjd strains are isolated infrequently, they differ from cjj in two key aspects: they are obtained primarily from human clinical samples and are associated often with bacteremia, in addition to gastroenteritis. in this study, we utilized multilocus sequence typing (mlst) and a dna microarray-based c ... | 2007 | 17535437 |
| prevalence of campylobacter spp isolated from grower-finisher pigs in ontario. | this study aimed to establish the prevalence of campylobacter spp. in 80 ontario grower-finisher pig herds. ninety-nine percent of the isolates yielded campylobacter, c coli being the most common species detected. control of this microorganism must rely on careful food processing and storage of pork, rather than on an on-farm approach. | 2007 | 17542372 |
| expression patterns and role of the cadf protein in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. | binding of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli to host fibronectin is mediated by the 37 kda outer membrane protein cadf. immunoblot analysis of 58 c. jejuni and c. coli isolates of human and animal origin showed that cadf is expressed in every strain. in most c. jejuni isolates, a 37 kda band (p37) and a less-prominent 32 kda band (p32) reacted with the antibodies. in c. coli isolates, cadf was consistently larger with sizes of 39 kda (p39) and 34 kda (p34), respectively. pcr analysis a ... | 2007 | 17573935 |
| evaluation of different plate media for direct cultivation of campylobacter species from live broilers. | accurate identification and optimal culturing procedures for campylobacter spp. from live broilers are needed for epidemiological studies. because there is no standardized protocol, we designed and conducted studies to evaluate different selective media for the culturing and isolation of campylobacter spp. from cecal and fecal samples obtained from battery-reared and commercial broilers. five media selective for campylobacter were evaluated: campylobacter agar base, campylobacter, campy-line, mo ... | 2007 | 17575175 |
| prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of campylobacter in us dairy cattle. | to obtain an overview of the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of campylobacter in faeces of us dairy cows in 2002. | 2007 | 17578422 |
| diagnostic potentials of the activities of lectins with whole cells of three bacterial diarrheagenic agents: aeromonas, plesiomonas, campylobacter. | the reactiviteisofstrains ofplesionmona shigeloides, campylobater jejuni, campylobacter coli and aeromonas species with some lectins namely soyabean agglutinin (sba), ricinus communis agglutinin (rca), peanut agllutinin (pna), cancanavalin-a (con-a), lima bean agglutinin (lma) and abrin were investigated using the microtitre plate method. the results obtained show that all stains of a. hydrophila, a. caviae, a. sobria and p. shigelloides reacted very strongly with pna and sba. all strains of c. ... | 1998 | 17581001 |
| multilocus sequence typing performed on campylobacter coli isolates from humans, broilers, pigs and cattle originating in denmark. | to assess whether campylobacter coli isolated from different sources in denmark constitute separate populations. | 2007 | 17584467 |
| use of multilocus sequence typing to investigate the association between the presence of campylobacter spp. in broiler drinking water and campylobacter colonization in broilers. | the presence of campylobacters in broiler chickens and throughout the broiler water delivery systems of 12 farms in northeastern scotland was investigated by sensitive enrichment methods and large-volume filtration. campylobacter presence was independent of the water source and whether the water was treated. the genotypes of campylobacter jejuni isolates recovered from chickens and various locations within the water delivery systems were compared by multilocus sequence typing. matching strains i ... | 2007 | 17586665 |
| [antimicrobial susceptibilities of campylobacter sp strains isolated from humans in 2005 to 2006 in bielsko-biala region, poland]. | campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli are frequent causes of bacterial gastroeneritis in humans worldwide. campylobacteriois is usually a self-limiting disease and therapy with antibiotics is required in severe clinical infections. the objective [corrected] of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance of c. jejuni and c. coli isolated from humans with diarrhea during 2005-2006 in bielsko-biala region in poland. the mics of ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, erythromycin, gentamicin a ... | 2007 | 17601030 |
| campylobacter succession in broiler chickens. | the competitive ability of campylobacter coli or12 over c. jejuni or1 has been examined in experimental broiler chickens following the observation that c. coli replaced an established c. jejuni intestinal colonisation within commercial chicken flocks reared outdoors [el-shibiny, a., connerton, p.l., connerton, i.f., 2005. enumeration and diversity of campylobacters and bacteriophages isolated during the rearing cycles of free-range and organic chickens. appl. environ. microbiol. 71, 1259-1266]. ... | 2007 | 17628357 |
| the persistence of fluoroquinolone-resistant campylobacter in poultry production. | the use of antibiotics in food animal production has been associated with antibiotic-resistant infections in humans. in 2005, the food and drug administration (fda) banned fluoroquinolone use in u.s. poultry production in order to reduce the prevalence of fluoroquinolone-resistant campylobacter. little is known about the potential efficacy of this policy. | 2007 | 17637919 |
| flagellin glycans from two pathovars of pseudomonas syringae contain rhamnose in d and l configurations in different ratios and modified 4-amino-4,6-dideoxyglucose. | flagellins from pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea race 4 and pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci 6605 have been found to be glycosylated. glycosylation of flagellin is essential for bacterial virulence and is also involved in the determination of host specificity. flagellin glycans from both pathovars were characterized, and common sites of glycosylation were identified on six serine residues (positions 143, 164, 176, 183, 193, and 201). the structure of the glycan at serine 201 (s201) of flagellin ... | 2007 | 17644592 |
| sequence variation in the outer membrane protein-encoding gene cmec, conferring multidrug resistance among campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli strains isolated from different hosts. | a novel pcr primer pair was used to detect the presence of cmec in 131 campylobacter jejuni and c. coli strains isolated from various hosts (cattle, turkeys, humans, and pigs). dna sequence analysis revealed a high degree of genetic variation between the two species, while extremely limited genetic variation among isolates of the same species was detected. | 2007 | 17652470 |
| development of a real-time fluorescence resonance energy transfer pcr to detect arcobacter species. | a real-time pcr targeting the gyrase a subunit gene outside the quinolone resistance-determining region has been developed to detect arcobacter species. the species identification was done by probe hybridization and melting curve analysis, using fluorescence resonance energy transfer technology. discrimination between arcobacter species was straightforward, as the corresponding melting points showed significant differences with the characteristic melting temperatures of 63.5 degrees c, 58.4 degr ... | 2007 | 17652482 |
| commonality and biosynthesis of the o-methyl phosphoramidate capsule modification in campylobacter jejuni. | in this study we investigated the commonality and biosynthesis of the o-methyl phosphoramidate (meopn) group found on the capsular polysaccharide (cps) of campylobacter jejuni. high resolution magic angle spinning nmr spectroscopy was used as a rapid, high throughput means to examine multiple isolates, analyze the cecal contents of colonized chickens, and screen a library of cps mutants for the presence of meopn. sixty eight percent of c. jejuni strains were found to express the meopn with a hig ... | 2007 | 17675288 |
| risk factors for ciprofloxacin resistance in reported campylobacter infections in southern alberta. | we conducted a case-control study examining risk factors for ciprofloxacin resistance in campylobacter infections that were reported in 2004 and 2005 in two health regions in southern alberta. the study questionnaire included questions about recent travel and antibiotic use, food consumption frequency, use of household and personal hygiene products with antibacterial agents, contact with animals, and potential misuse of antibiotics. of the 210 patients who participated, 31.0% had ciprofloxacin-r ... | 2008 | 17678560 |