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revision of campylobacter, helicobacter, and wolinella taxonomy: emendation of generic descriptions and proposal of arcobacter gen. nov.hybridization experiments were carried out between dnas from more than 70 strains of campylobacter spp. and related taxa and either 3h-labeled 23s rrnas from reference strains belonging to campylobacter fetus, campylobacter concisus, campylobacter sputorum, campylobacter coli, and campylobacter nitrofigilis, an unnamed campylobacter sp. strain, and a wolinella succinogenes strain or 3h- or 14c-labeled 23s rrnas from 13 gram-negative reference strains. an immunotyping analysis of 130 antigens ver ...19911704793
identification, characterization, and spatial localization of two flagellin species in helicobacter pylori flagella.flagellar filaments were isolated from helicobacter pylori by shearing, and flagellar proteins were further purified by a variety of techniques, including cscl density gradient ultracentrifugation, ph 2.0 acid disassociation-neutral ph reassociation, and differential ultracentrifugation followed by molecular sieving with a sephacryl s-500 column or mono q anion-exchange column, and purified to homogeneity by preparative sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and transfer to an ...19911704004
a comparison of the in-vitro activity of clarithromycin, a new macrolide antibiotic, with erythromycin and other oral agents.on the basis of minimum inhibitory concentrations clarithromycin (6-o-methylerythromycin), a new macrolide, was found to be slightly more active than erythromycin against staphylococcus aureus, enterococci. moraxella catarrhalis, gardnerella vaginalis, bacteroides fragilis (sensu stricto) and b. ureolyticus and slightly less active against coagulase-negative staphylococci, alpha- and beta-haemolytic streptococci, haemophilus influenzae, campylobacter coli/jejuni and the b. melaninogenicus/oralis ...19911684981
sizing and mapping of the genome of campylobacter coli strain ua417r using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.agarose-immobilized chromosomal dna from the nalidixic-acid-resistant campylobacter coli strain ua417 and its streptomycin-resistant (strr) derivative, ua417r, were digested with the restriction enzymes sali (gtcgac) and smai (cccggg). the sizes of the resulting fragments were determined using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. the two genomes showed similar restriction patterns of seven and 13 fragments for the two respective enzymes and the total genome size was determined to be approx. 1.7 mb. ...19911676383
the in-vitro activity of tosufloxacin, a new fluorinated quinolone, compared with that of ciprofloxacin and temafloxacin.tosufloxacin was highly active in vitro against most isolates of enterobacteriaceae. it was slightly less active than ciprofloxacin for most species but more active than temafloxacin. it was the most active agent against acinetobacter spp., xanthomonas maltophilia and some pseudomonas spp. but was slightly less active than ciprofloxacin against the fluorescent pseudomonads. tosufloxacin was highly active against strains of haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, neisseria gonorrhoeae and ...19911663930
in vitro susceptibilities of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli to azithromycin and erythromycin.mics of azithromycin and erythromycin for 20 campylobacter coli and 20 campylobacter jejuni strains were determined. the results demonstrated that, for campylobacter species, all high-level erythromycin-resistant strains were also resistant to azithromycin and that azithromycin did not exhibit increased potency in comparison with that of erythromycin.19911659309
the in-vitro activity of temafloxacin compared with other antimicrobial agents.temafloxacin, like other 4-quinolones, was highly active against most isolates of enterobacteriaceae. it was slightly less active than ciprofloxacin but approximately as active as ofloxacin and enoxacin. it was the most active of the quinolones against acinetobacter spp. and xanthomonas maltophilia but was slightly less active than ciprofloxacin against pseudomonas spp. temafloxacin was highly active against haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis and neisseria gonorrhoeae and was the most ...19911657855
antigenic shifts in serotype determinants of campylobacter coli are accompanied by changes in the chromosomal dna restriction endonuclease digestion pattern.changes in somatic (o) lipopolysaccharide (lps) antigenic specificities of campylobacter coli serostrains were observed after continuous laboratory subculture. two serostrains (c. coli o34 and c. coli o48) lost o specificity and did not react with homologous or any of the available heterologous antisera. the c. coli serostrain for serogroup o5, after subculture, yielded a variant that had acquired a new specificity which was detectable with a heterologous antiserum. in a repeat experiment with t ...19911654431
variation in antigenicity and molecular weight of campylobacter coli vc167 flagellin in different genetic backgrounds.campylobacter coli vc167 has been shown to undergo a reversible flagellar antigenic variation between antigenic type 1 (t1) and antigenic type 2 (t2). vc167 contains two flagellin genes, and the products of both genes are incorporated into a complex flagellar filament in both antigenic types. although there are only minor amino acid changes in the flagellins expressed by t1 and t2 cells, the two antigenic types of flagellins can be distinguished by differences in apparent m(r) on sodium dodecyl ...19921624417
outer membrane components of campylobacter hyointestinalis.outer membranes were isolated, by sodium lauryl sulphate extraction, from the american type strain, five australian, and four english isolates of campylobacter hyointestinalis. on sds-page examination, the protein profiles of seven strains (including the type strain) were similar, and were dominated by two major proteins of 47 and 50 kda. three other isolates had unique major protein profiles. the largest of these proteins was heat-modifiable in these isolates, and in the type strain. the flagel ...19921624127
extended phage-typing scheme for campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli.the extended phage-typing scheme described for campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli has established 46 different phage types using 19 typing phages. altogether 754 campylobacter isolates, 672 c. jejuni and 82 c. coli, isolated from human and non-human sources received from 17 different countries were phage-typed. overall, 80.6% of the total isolates were typable. among typable strains, 9 phage types (3, 5, 10, 11, 18, 19, 23, 26 and 44) represented 57.0% of the strains, 21.3% of the strai ...19921601075
[occurrence of campylobacter coli in a central boar breeding facility in thuringia].investigating the cause of an outbreak of mild diarrhoea in a boar rearing unit with about 750 animals, c. coli was found in all diseased animals, i.e. it was isolated from the intestines of culled boars and from faeces samples; often the amount of c. coli was very high. the intragastric application of c. coli to 5 weaning pigs (about 35 kg) resulted in the shedding of large numbers of c. coli via the faeces at days 3 and 5 post infectionem only. the development of the animals was undisturbed du ...19921575669
molecular discrimination of campylobacter coli serogroup 20 biotype i (lior) strains.plasmid, protein and restriction endonuclease analysis (rea) profiles and multilocus enzyme electrophoresis were used to effect a molecular discrimination of twenty-seven campylobacter coli serogroup 20, biotype 1 (lior) strains. these strains were not outbreak-associated but were isolated from a number of different countries and different animal and environmental sources. each of the techniques was able to discriminate, to various degrees, between the serogroup 20, biotype 1 strains. the choice ...19921557899
experimental infection of the mouse mammary gland with campylobacter coli.campylobacter coli strains of bovine and avian origin were inoculated into the mammary gland of mice. a bovine strain isolated from a case of mastitis produced gross and histological changes in most of the glands; one bovine and one avian faecal isolate did not. histologically, lesions were characterised by neutrophil infiltration in the alveolar spaces and necrosis and oedema in the interalveolar tissue. on bacteriological examination, the bovine mastitis strain could be isolated from most of t ...19921553432
a case of intrauterine fetal death associated with maternal campylobacter coli bacteraemia.campylobacter species are known to cause infectious abortion in domestic animals. in humans, campylobacter are an important cause of enteritis, an occasional cause of systemic infection and have had a rare association with abortion and perinatal infection. a case history of spontaneous abortion, at 26 weeks' duration, associated with maternal bacteraemia, due to campylobacter coli is presented. transmission, pathogenesis, treatment, and the need for further investigation are discussed.19921520207
a multiple logistic model for predicting the occurrence of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in water.a multiple logistic regression model was established to predict the occurrence of campylobacter jejuni/coli, related to index bacteria such as faecal coliforms, faecal streptococci, and sulphite-reducing clostridia, in a water source in southern norway. the fitted model indicated that faecal coliforms were strong predictors for c. jejuni/coli, although the water temperature also had a strong influence on results. sulphite-reducing clostridia, faecal streptococci, and season of the year had no si ...19921512182
characterization of two plasmids from campylobacter jejuni isolates that carry the apha-7 kanamycin resistance determinant.two small plasmids of 11.5 and 9.5 kb, each carrying an apha-7 kanamycin phosphotransferase gene, were studied. the mics of kanamycin for the two human campylobacter jejuni isolates harboring the plasmids were 10,000 and 5,000 micrograms/ml, while the mics of amikacin were 32 and 8 micrograms/ml, respectively. the mics of gentamicin and tobramycin were less than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml for both isolates. the restriction endonuclease maps of the plasmids were similar, with the larger plasmid ...19921503433
antimicrobial susceptibilities of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolated in sweden: a 10-year follow-up report.resistance to erythromycin and doxycycline and more recently to fluoroquinolones has been reported to occur in campylobacter spp. both in vitro and in patients treated with these antibiotics. the frequency of resistance to 14 antimicrobial agents in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolated from patients infected in sweden or abroad is described. for some agents, a comparison of susceptibility in strains of campylobacter spp. isolated in 1978 with those isolated in 1988 is made. no ge ...19921482158
antibiotic susceptibility patterns and plasmid profile of helicobacter isolates from nigeria.antibiotic susceptibility testing and plasmid screening of 50 local isolates of campylobacter coli and campylobacter jejuni were done. all isolates were sensitive to ofloxacin but were resistant to ampicillin, cloxacillin, penicillin, streptomycin and aztreonam. a large number of isolates were sensitive to nalidixic acid (96%), ceftriaxone (96%) and chloramphenicol (86%). it is noteworthy that nine (18%) of the isolates were resistant to each of erythromycin, 15 (30%) were found to harbour plasm ...19921476963
structural studies of peptidoglycans in campylobacter species.peptidoglycans (pg) from campylobacter coli, campylobacter jejuni, and campylobacter fetus were composed of muramic acid, glucosamine, alanine, glutamic acid, and diaminopimelic acid in a molar ratio of 1.1:1:1.7:1.1:09. thirty percent of the amino groups of diaminopimelic acid were involved in cross-linkages between peptides. during cultivation, c. coli and c. jejuni changed from a spiral to a coccoid form. in c. coli, we could isolate pg only from the spiral forms in yields of 0.8-1.2% by dry ...19921461153
occurrence, removal and seasonal variation of "thermophilic" campylobacters in a sewage treatment plant in italy.monitoring of "thermophilic" campylobacters in a sewage treatment plant in bologna (italy) has shown that incoming sewage contained a most probable number of 1630 campylobacters/100 ml. the secondary treatment in activated sludge tanks reduced 98.61% of campylobacters, 95.32% of fecal coliforms, 96.46% of fecal streptococci, 93.36% of salmonellas and 93.01% and 88.29% of bod5 and cod respectively. subsequent tertiary treatment with 3 ppm of chlorine dioxide for 15 min reduced 100% of campylobact ...19921457031
cloning and genetic characterization of a helicobacter pylori flagellin gene.helicobacter pylori produces polar sheathed flagella, which are believed to be essential for the bacterial colonization of the human gastric mucosa. here we report on the cloning and genetic characterization of a h. pylori gene encoding the subunit of the flagellar filament, the flagellin. screening of a genomic library of h. pylori with an oligonucleotide probe derived from the n-terminal amino acid sequence of purified flagellin resulted in a recombinant plasmid clone carrying the flagellin-en ...19921435261
prevalence, biotypes, plasmid profile and antimicrobial resistance of campylobacter isolated from wild and domestic animals from northeast portugal.the incidence of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in wild and producing animals has been studied to evaluate their importance as potential reservoirs of campylobacter infection. these organisms were isolated from: 59 chicken (60.2%), 65 swine (59.1%), 31 black rats (57.4%), 61 sparrows (45.5%), 21 ducks (40.5%), 32 cows (19.5%) and 27 sheep (15.3%). biotypes, plasmid and resistance profiles were studied in order to characterize the isolates. biotypes i and ii of c. jejuni were predomi ...19921429305
simple and economical culture of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in co2 in moist air.strains of campylobacter jejuni and c. coli representing the 18 serogroups (lior) most commonly isolated from humans in canada were grown on solid media in an atmosphere of 10% co2 in moist air, 99% relative humidity. when the growth of all 18 serogroups on mueller hinton agar in a microaerobic atmosphere (5% o2, 10% co2 and 85% n2) was compared with the growth of all 18 serogroups on the same media in 10% co2 in moist air, colony sizes were significantly larger (p less than 0.05) for strains gr ...19921419543
[chemotherapy of campylobacter infections].a total of 600 patients with suspected alimentary food poisoning were hospitalized. the ++clinico-laboratory findings showed that 27 (4.5 per cent) of them had campylobacter infection. the cultures of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli were isolated from 24 and 3 patients, respectively. the patients underwent complex pathogenetic treatment with oral rehydration saline solutions, symptomatic agents, enzymatic preparations and diet (the basic therapy) supplemented with biological bacteria ...19921417342
specific detection of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli by using polymerase chain reaction.development of a routine detection assay for campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in clinical specimens was undertaken by using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). an oligonucleotide primer pair from a conserved 5' region of the flaa gene of c. coli vc167 was used to amplify a 450-bp region by pcr. the primer pair specifically detected 4 strains of c. coli and 47 strains of c. jejuni; but it did not detect strains of campylobacter fetus, campylobacter lari, campylobacter upsaliensis, cam ...19921400961
ribosomal rna gene restriction fragment diversity amongst lior biotypes and penner serotypes of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli.diversity based on ribosomal rna gene-restriction endonuclease digest patterns was detected amongst 42 strains of campylobacter jejuni and 18 strains of c. coli including representatives of 53 different penner serotypes. haeiii ribopatterns were coded for numerical analysis which showed that all except two were different including those of several strains of the same serotype (p2 and p20). at the 30% similarity level, four groupings were formed in the analysis of which three corresponded to c. j ...19921381326
biochemical and antigenic properties of the campylobacter flagellar hook protein.the flagellar filament-hook complex was removed from campylobacter cells by shearing and was purified by differential solubilization and ultracentrifugation at ph 11 followed by cesium chloride buoyant density ultracentrifugation. flagellar filaments were then dissociated in 0.2 m glycine-hcl (ph 2.2), and purified hooks were collected by ultracentrifugation. the hooks (105 by 24 nm) each displayed a conical protrusion at the proximal end, a concave cavity at the distal end, and helically arrang ...19921375929
serotype distribution of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolated from hospitalized patients with diarrhea in central australia.campylobacter jejuni and/or campylobacter coli was cultured from 218 of 1,078 patients of all age groups admitted to alice springs hospital, alice springs, central australia, between july 1988 and june 1989 for treatment of diarrhea. one hundred sixty-six campylobacter colonies from 127 patients were subjected to o serotyping by using the penner typing scheme. all except 29 colonies could be serotyped. a total of 46 serotypes were identified, and the predominant serotypes were o:8, 17, o:22, o:1 ...19921370848
genome maps of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli.little information concerning the genome of either campylobacter jejuni or campylobacter coli is available. therefore, we constructed genomic maps of c. jejuni ua580 and c. coli ua417 by using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. the genome sizes of c. jejuni and c. coli strains are approximately 1.7 mb, as determined by sali and smai digestion (n. chang and d. e. taylor, j. bacteriol. 172:5211-5217, 1990). the genomes of both species are represented by single circular dna molecules, and maps were ...19921313002
emergence of resistance to erythromycin and fluoroquinolones in thermotolerant campylobacter strains isolated from feces 1987-1991.during the period 1987 to 1991 a retrospective study was performed to determine the resistance of thermotolerant campylobacter species isolated from feces to erythromycin and fluoroquinolones. of the 672 strains studied, 614 (91.3%) were identified as campylobacter jejuni and 58 (8.7%) as campylobacter coli. during the study period the rate of resistance of campylobacter jejuni to erythromycin remained relatively stable (0.9-3.5%), while resistance of campylobacter coli to erythromycin emerged l ...19921291314
rapid and sensitive detection of campylobacter spp. in chicken products by using the polymerase chain reaction.the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) after a short enrichment culture was used to detect campylobacter spp. in chicken products. after the 16s rrna gene sequence of campylobacter jejuni was determined and compared with known sequences from other enterobacteria, a primer and probe combination was selected from the region before v3 and the variable regions v3 and v5. with this primer set and probe, 426-bp fragments from c. jejuni, campylobacter coli, and campylobacter lari could be amplified. the d ...19921282312
the possibility that campylobacter (vibrio) coli and treponema hyodysenteriae are both involved in swine dysentery. 19751139284
[detection of vibrio coli in swine]. 19761021956
swine dysentery: inoculation of gnotobiotic pigs with treponema hyodysenteriae and vibrio coli and a peptostreptococcus.pure cultures of treponema hyodysenteriae given orally to conventional pigs resulted in the development of swine dysentery, whereas identical cultures given to gnotobiotic pigs did not produce the disease. oral inoculation of gnotobiotic pigs with vibrio coli and/or a peptostreptococcus in addition to t. hyodysenteriae did not result in dysentery. neutralization of gastric secretions with nahco3 immediately prior to inoculation with t. hyodysenteriae increased the period during which treponemes ...1977907906
[biochemical characteristics of vibrio coli isolated from inflammatory pseudomembraneous swine dysentery].the paper presents the basic morphological and biochemical characteristics of seven microaerophilic vibrio cultures isolated by the membrane filtration method from the colon mucous membrane of pigs diseased with dysentery. for growth, the cultivated strains needen oxygen reduction; in the dark field they showed a typical active movement producing catalase and oxidase, reducing nitrates to nitrites, and tolerating the presence of 1% and 3% sodium chloride concentrations in the growth medium. no c ...1976828350
[comparison of nutrient media for isolation of microflora in swine dysentery].the usability of five nutrient media - three kinds of spirolate media, thioglycolate medium and brain hearth medium - suitable for the isolation of vibrio coli and germs similar to borrelia isolated from pigs affected by dysentery, and vibria isolated from cattle, was compared in the study. the results of comparison show that fresh-prepared substrates must be used bor the isolation of the mentioned germs in all cases and a corresponding medium must be provided. the modified spirolate media prepa ...1975812247
[the antigenic structure of vibrions studied by means of agglutination and fluorescent antibodies].cross immunofluorescent and serological studies were made of strains of vibrio coli of different forms-a short, commashaped strain and other long, spiral-shaped and serpent-like strains isolated from swine. some standard strains of vibrio foetus were also included for comparison. an antigenic difference was established between vibrions of long and short forms, as well as the known difference between strains isolated from swine and those from cattle which can be established by means of immunofluo ...1975779698
the effect of the nitroimidazole drug dimetridazole on microaerophilic campylobacters.dimetridazole, a nitroimidazole drug reported to act only on obligately anaerobic micro-organisms, is widely used for the prevention and treatment of swine dysentery. forty-four strains of the microaerophilic bacterium campylobacter coli isolated from either healthy or diseased pigs, and a strain of campylobacter fetus, were all sensitive to dimetridazole. the sensitivities (minimal inhibitory concentration less than 10 microng per ml) were similar to those of anaerobic bacteria. dimetridazole i ...1977558335
[campylobacter coli--a new common cause of diarrhea in humans]. 1978364214
the isolation and nature of campylobacters (microaerophilic vibrios) from laboratory and wild rodents.faeces voided by eight species of laboratory or feral rodents were cultured for campylobacters by means of selective methods. campylobacters were isolated from bank voles and from rats, but not from rabbits, laboratory mice, hamsters, guinea-pigs, field mice or field voles. in routine biochemical tests isolates from bank voles resembled a type of campylobacter fetus that causes infectious infertility in cattle; isolates from rats resembled campylobacter coli associated with swine dysentery. elec ...1977330861
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