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first case report of myopericarditis linked to campylobacter coli enterocolitis.campylobacter spp. are a common cause of mostly self-limiting enterocolitis. although rare, pericarditis and myopericarditis have been increasingly documented as complications following campylobacteriosis. such cases have occurred predominantly in younger males, and involved a single causative species, namely campylobacter jejuni. we report the first case of myopericarditis following campylobacter coli enterocolitis, with illness occurring in an immunocompetent middle-aged female.201728056838
campylobacter coli infection in pet birds in southern italy.avian species are considered as the main reservoir of campylobacter spp. however, few data are available on the presence of this microorganism in pet birds. this study was therefore performed to determine the prevalence of campylobacter spp. in pet birds bred in southern italy. faecal samples were collected from 88 cages housing different species of pet birds and examined by bacteriological culture and polymerase chain reaction. a total of 13.6% of the cage samples were positive for campylobacte ...201728061877
prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolated from children and environmental sources in urban and suburban areas.campylobacteriosis is a dominant bacterial cause of foodborne infection and is considered the main public health problem in europe and many other countries worldwide. in the study lasting from 2011 to 2013 we compared the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolated from children, domestic animals, poultry meat and surface water in northern poland.201728376713
faecal campylobacter shedding among dogs in animal shelters across texas.epidemiologic studies on faecal campylobacter shedding among dogs in the united states have been limited, despite evidence that the incidence of human campylobacteriosis has increased over the last decade. our objectives were to estimate the prevalence of faecal campylobacter shedding among shelter dogs in texas, to estimate the specific prevalence of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli shedding, and to identify risk factors for campylobacter-positive status. using a cross-sectional stud ...201728371319
prevalence, phenotypic and genetic diversity of campylobacter in poultry fresh meat and poultry products on retail sale in tuscany (italy).in this study, the prevalence of campylobacter spp. in poultry fresh meat and ready‑to‑cook products was evaluated. seventy‑three samples were collected at retail level from supermarkets and discount stores, obtaining 61.6% positivity. of 133 campylobacter isolates, 86 strains (campylobacter coli, 58.1% and campylobacter jejuni, 41.9%) were selected for characterisation on the basis of their smai and kpni pulsed field gel‑electrophoresis (pfge) profiles, to exclude clonal replicates. campylobact ...201728365923
further characterization and independent validation of a dna aptamer-quantum dot-based magnetic sandwich assay for campylobacter.previously reported dna aptamers developed against surface proteins extracted from campylobacter jejuni were further characterized by aptamer-based western blotting and shown to bind epitopes on proteins weighing ~16 and 60 kd from reduced c. jejuni and campylobacter coli lysates. proteins of these approximate weights have also been identified in traditional antibody-based western blots of campylobacter spp. specificity of the capture and reporter aptamers from the previous report was further va ...201728342148
prevalence, antimicrobial resistance and genetic diversity of campylobacter coli and campylobacter jejuni in ecuadorian broilers at slaughter age.thermotolerant campylobacter spp. are a major cause of foodborne gastrointestinal infections worldwide. the linkage of human campylobacteriosis and poultry has been widely described. in this study we aimed to investigate the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance and genetic diversity of c. coli and c. jejuni in broilers from ecuador. caecal content from 379 randomly selected broiler batches originating from 115 farms were collected from 6 slaughterhouses located in the province of pichincha durin ...201728339716
a quantitative real-time pcr approach for assessing campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli colonization in broiler herds.human campylobacteriosis is a major public health concern in developed countries, with campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli from poultry recognized as the main source of human infection. identification of campylobacter-positive broiler herds before slaughter is essential for implementing measures to avoid carryover of pathogens via the slaughter process into the food chain. however, appropriate methods that have been validated for testing poultry flocks antemortem are lacking for campylob ...201728282226
macrolide resistance mechanisms and virulence factors in erythromycin-resistant campylobacter species isolated from chicken and swine feces and carcasses.resistance to antimicrobials was measured in 73 isolates of campylobacter jejuni (c. jejuni) and 121 isolates of campylobacter coli (c. coli) from chicken and swine feces and carcasses in korea. both bacterial species showed the highest resistance to (fluoro) quinolones (ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid) out of the nine antimicrobials tested. erythromycin resistance was much higher in c. coli (19.0%, 23/121) than in c. jejuni (6.8%, 5/73). the mutation in the 23s rrna gene was primarily responsi ...201727593510
multiplex pcr assay for identifi cation and differentiation of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolates.campylobacter spp. are important causative agents of gastrointestinal infections in humans. the most frequently isolated strains of this bacterial genus are campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. to date, genetic methods for bacterial identification have not been used in bulgaria. we optimized the multiplex psr assay to identify campylobacter spp. and differentiate c. jejuni from c. coli in clinical isolates. we also compared this method with the routinely used biochemical methods.201727552785
whole genome sequencing and analysis of campylobacter coli yh502 from retail chicken reveals a plasmid-borne type vi secretion system.campylobacter is a major cause of foodborne illnesses worldwide. campylobacter infections, commonly caused by ingestion of undercooked poultry and meat products, can lead to gastroenteritis and chronic reactive arthritis in humans. whole genome sequencing (wgs) is a powerful technology that provides comprehensive genetic information about bacteria and is increasingly being applied to study foodborne pathogens: e.g., evolution, epidemiology/outbreak investigation, and detection. herein we report ...201728217442
temporal induction of pro-inflammatory and regulatory cytokines in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli.campylobacter jejuni along with c. coli are major cause of human gastroenteritis worldwide. so far, the human immune response against campylobacter is not entirely clear. we hypothesize that it is coordinated by an interaction between pro-inflammatory and regulatory cytokines which is influenced by bacterial and host-individual differences. accordingly, we used peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) from healthy donors to study the primary systemic immune response to c. jejuni and c. coli. pb ...201728196097
genetic diversity and antimicrobial resistance profiles of campylobacter coli and campylobacter jejuni isolated from broiler chicken in farms and at time of slaughter in central italy.genetic diversity and antimicrobial resistance of campylobacter coli and campylobacter jejuni were investigated along the broiler chicken production chain in central italy.201728194914
isolation, identification and differentiation of campylobacter spp. using multiplex pcr assay from goats in khartoum state, sudan.the aim of this study was to identify and characterize thermophilic campylobacter species in faecal samples from goats in khartoum state, sudan, by application of multiplex polymerase chain reaction. campylobacteriosis is a zoonotic disease of global concern, and the organisms can be transmitted to human via food, water and through contact with farm animals and pets. there are five clinically related campylobacter species: campylobacter jejuni (c. jejuni). campylobacter coli, campylobacter lari, ...201728160162
reply to "activity of fosfomycin on clinical isolates of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli of enteric origin". 201728119318
activity of fosfomycin on clinical isolates of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli of enteric origin. 201728119317
antimicrobial resistance of campylobacter species isolated from broilers in live bird markets in shanghai, china.this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in campylobacter spp. isolates from broilers in live bird markets (lbms). a total of 209 campylobacter spp. isolates (84 campylobacter jejuni; 125 campylobacter coli) were recovered from 364 broiler cecum samples collected from five lbms in shanghai, china. minimum inhibitory concentrations of 13 antimicrobials were determined using agar dilution method. more than 96% of the campylobacter spp. isolates were resistan ...201727854542
antimicrobial resistance in campylobacter coli and campylobacter jejuni in cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis) and eradication regimens.campylobacter spp. are zoonotic pathogens, however, knowledge about their presence and antimicrobial resistance in nonhuman primates is limited. our animal facility purchased cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis) from various asian countries: china, cambodia, indonesia, the philippines, and vietnam.201725683191
occurrence and genotypes of campylobacter species in broilers during the rearing period.poultry are the main source of campylobacter infection worldwide. to obtain information on campylobacter-infected flocks and create a reference for preventing and controlling campylobacter at farm level, campylobacter isolates were recovered from broilers and the environments of nine chicken flocks in two farms during growth. the genetic relationship between the campylobacter isolates was determined using multilocus sequence typing. flocks were colonized as early as 3 weeks after introduction to ...201727766896
next generation sequencing-based multigene panel for high throughput detection of food-borne pathogens.contamination of food by chemicals or pathogenic bacteria may cause particular illnesses that are linked to food consumption, commonly referred to as foodborne diseases. bacteria are present in/on various foods products, such as fruits, vegetables and ready-to-eat products. bacteria that cause foodborne diseases are known as foodborne pathogens (fbps). accurate detection methods that are able to reveal the presence of fbps in food matrices are in constant demand, in order to ensure safe foods wi ...201728578266
prevalence and risk factors for thermotolerant species of campylobacter in poultry meat at retail in europe.the thermotolerant species campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter coli, campylobacter lari and campylobacter upsaliensis are the causative agents of the human illness called campylobacteriosis. this infection represents a threat for the health of consumers in europe. it is well known that poultry meat is an important food vehicle of campylobacter infection. as emerged from the reported scientific literature published between 2006 and 2016, poultry meat sold at retail level in europe represents an i ...201728854745
isolation and identification of campylobacter spp. from poultry and poultry by-products in tunisia by conventional culture method and multiplex real-time pcr.thermophilic campylobacter spp. are one of the primary causes of bacterial human diarrhea. the consumption of poultry meats, by-products, or both is suspected to be a major cause of human campylobacteriosis. the aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of thermophilic campylobacter spp. in fresh poultry meat and poultry by-products by conventional culture methods and to confirm campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolates by using the multiplex pcr assay. two hundred fifty fre ...201728853632
genome reduction for niche association in campylobacter hepaticus, a cause of spotty liver disease in poultry.the term "spotty liver disease" (sld) has been used since the late 1990s for a condition seen in the uk and australia that primarily affects free range laying hens around peak lay, causing acute mortality and a fall in egg production. a novel thermophilic sld-associated campylobacter was reported in the united kingdom (uk) in 2015. subsequently, similar isolates occurring in australia were formally described as a new species, campylobacter hepaticus. we describe the comparative genomics of 10 c. ...201728848714
fecal shedding of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli among feral pigs in texas.the population and range of feral pigs in the united states are rapidly expanding, yet key knowledge gaps exist regarding their role in the ecology and transmission of foodborne pathogens. our objectives were to estimate the prevalence of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli shedding among feral pigs throughout texas and to identify risk factors for positive status. faecal samples were collected from feral pigs in texas from february 2014 through may 2015, and target organisms were detect ...201728834190
survival of selected foodborne pathogens on dry cured pork loins.the safety of ready-to-eat products such as cured pork loins must be guaranteed by the food industry. in the present study, the efficacy of the dry curing process of pork loins obtained from free-range pigs in the reduction of three of the most important foodborne pathogens is analysed. a total of 28 pork loin segments, with an average weight of 0.57±0.12kg, were divided into four groups with three being inoculated by immersion with 7logcfu/ml of either salmonella typhimurium, campylobacter coli ...201728759797
cardamom, cumin, and dill weed essential oils: chemical compositions, antimicrobial activities, and mechanisms of action against campylobacter spp.natural antimicrobials as well as essential oils (eos) have gained interest to inhibit pathogenic microorganisms and to control food borne diseases. campylobacter spp. are one of the most common causative agents of gastroenteritis. in this study, cardamom, cumin, and dill weed eos were evaluated for their antibacterial activities against campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli by using agar-well diffusion and broth microdilution methods, along with the mechanisms of antimicrobial action. che ...201728714890
genetic diversity of thermotolerant campylobacter spp. isolates from different stages of the poultry meat supply chain in argentina.the objective of this study was to investigate a clonal relationship among thermotolerant campylobacter spp. isolates from different stages of the poultry meat supply chain in argentina. a total of 128 thermotolerant campylobacter spp. (89 c. jejuni and 39 c. coli) isolates from six poultry meat chains were examined. these isolates were from: a) hens from breeder flocks, b) chickens on the farm (at ages 1 wk and 5 wk), c) chicken carcasses in the slaughterhouse, and d) chicken carcasses in the r ...201728712509
no clear differences between organic or conventional pig farms in the genetic diversity or virulence of campylobacter coli isolates.to evaluate the impact of pig farm management on the genetic diversity and on the virulence of campylobacter coli, we characterized isolates from 19 organic pig farms (62 isolates) and from 24 conventional pig farms (58 isolates). the 120 c. coli isolates were typed using pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and multilocus sequence typing (mlst) and the presence of nine virulence genes was screened using real-time pcr. the capacity of adhesion and invasion of 61 isolates (32 from organic and ...201728694791
a study on campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli through commercial broiler production chains in thailand: antimicrobial resistance, the characterization of dna gyrase subunit a mutation, and genetic diversity by flagellin a gene restriction fragment length polymorphism.contaminated poultry meat is regarded as the main source of human campylobacteriosis. during september 2014 and february 2015, breeder flocks, hatcheries, and broiler farms from two chicken production chains were investigated chronologically. five commercial breeder flocks (breeder flocks 1-5), two hatcheries (hatcheries a and b), and five broiler flocks (broiler flocks 1-5) were sampled in this study. campylobacter colonization of both breeder and broiler flocks was determined from cloacal swab ...201728665716
campylobacter species isolated from pigs in grenada exhibited novel clones: genotypes and antimicrobial resistance profiles of sequence types.infections caused by campylobacter species pose a severe threat to public health worldwide. however, in grenada, the occurrence and characteristics of campylobacter in food animals, including pigs, remain mostly unknown. in this study, we identified the sequence types (sts) of campylobacter from young healthy pigs in grenada and compared the results with previous studies in grenada and other countries. antimicrobial resistance patterns and diversity of the campylobacter clones were evaluated. ni ...201728650672
impact of built-up-litter and commercial antimicrobials on salmonella and campylobacter contamination of broiler carcasses processed at a pilot mobile poultry-processing unit.the small-scale mobile poultry-processing unit (mppu) produced raw poultry products are of particular food safety concern due to exemption of usda poultry products inspection act. limited studies reported the microbial quality and safety of mppu-processed poultry carcasses. this study evaluated the salmonella and campylobacter prevalence in broiler ceca and on mppu-processed carcasses and efficacy of commercial antimicrobials against campylobacter jejuni on broilers. in study i, straight-run hub ...201728649571
campylobacter coli in organic and conventional pig production in france and sweden: prevalence and antimicrobial resistance.the purpose of the study was to evaluate and compare the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of campylobacter coli in conventional and organic pigs from france and sweden. fecal or colon samples were collected at farms or at slaughterhouses and cultured for campylobacter. the minimum inhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, streptomycin, tetracycline, erythromycin, and gentamicin were determined by microdilution for a total of 263 french strains from 114 pigs from 50 diffe ...201728611754
irrigation water sources and time intervals as variables on the presence of campylobacter spp. and listeria monocytogenes on romaine lettuce grown in muck soil.irrigation water has been identified as a possible source of vegetable contamination by foodborne pathogens. risk management for pathogens such as campylobacter spp. and listeria monocytogenes in fields can be influenced by the source of the irrigation water and the time interval between last irrigation and harvest. plots of romaine lettuce were irrigated with manure-contaminated water or aerated pond water 21, 7, or 3 days prior to harvesting, and water and muck soil samples were collected at e ...201728604176
detection and prevalence of antimicrobial resistance genes in <i>campylobacter</i> spp. isolated from chickens and humans.campylobacter spp. are common pathogenic bacteria in both veterinary and human medicine. infections caused by campylobacter spp. are usually treated using antibiotics. however, the injudicious use of antibiotics has been proven to spearhead the emergence of antibiotic resistance. the purpose of this study was to detect the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes in campylobacter spp. isolated from chickens and human clinical cases in south africa. one hundred and sixty one isolates of campylob ...201728582978
dissemination of erm(b) and its associated multidrug-resistance genomic islands in campylobacter from 2013 to 2015.a total of 1372 campylobacter isolates (1107 campylobacter coli and 265 campylobacter jejuni) were obtained from 3462 samples collected from slaughterhouses and farms in three representative regions of china (shandong, guangdong, and shanghai) over three successive years (2013-2015). of these, 84 (84/1372, 6.1%) were erm(b)-positive, and all 84 positive isolates were identified as c. coli (83 chicken isolates and one swine isolate). the prevalence of erm(b) in campylobacter isolates was compared ...201728532801
prevalence of campylobacter species in wild birds of south korea.campylobacter species cause human gastrointestinal infections worldwide. they commonly inhabit intestines of avian species including wild birds. they might play a role in the spread of infections to humans and other bird species. the prevalence of campylobacter species in 2164 faecal samples of wild birds (representing 71 species and 28 families) captured across the korean peninsula was evaluated in this study. the overall prevalence was 15.3% (332/2164). bird species belonging to the family cha ...201728503965
novel sampling method for assessing human-pathogen interactions in the natural environment using boot socks and citizen scientists, with application to campylobacter seasonality.this paper introduces a novel method for sampling pathogens in natural environments. it uses fabric boot socks worn over walkers' shoes to allow the collection of composite samples over large areas. wide-area sampling is better suited to studies focusing on human exposure to pathogens (e.g., recreational walking). this sampling method is implemented using a citizen science approach: groups of three walkers wearing boot socks undertook one of six routes, 40 times over 16 months in the north west ...201728500040
identification and differentiation of campylobacter species by high-resolution melting curve analysis.campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli are the important food-born zoonotic pathogen, also are leading causes of human food borne illnesses worldwide. cadf gene is expressed in all c. jejuni and c. coli strains and mediates cell binding to the cell matrix protein, fibronectin. high-resolution melting (hrm) analysis is emerging as an efficient and robust method for discriminating dna sequence variants. the goal of this study was to apply hrm analysis to identification of c. jejuni and c. col ...201728478199
simultaneous identification of campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter coli, and campylobacter lari with smartcycler-based multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction.consumption of campylobacter contaminated food or water is a leading cause of human acute gastroenteritis. campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter coli, and campylobacter lari account for over 95% of total campylobacter infections. a multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) for simultaneous identification of c. jejuni, c. coli, and c. lari was developed for use with the smartcycler ii system.201728440688
lauric acid as feed additive - an approach to reducing campylobacter spp. in broiler meat.the increasing prevalence of campylobacter spp. within broiler populations is a major problem for food safety and consumer protection worldwide. in vitro studies could already demonstrate that campylobacter spp. are susceptible to lauric acid. the purpose of this study was to examine in vivo the influence of lauric acid as a feed additive on slaughter parameters, muscle fatty acid profile, meat quality traits and the reduction of campylobacter coli in inoculated meat of ross 308 (r308) and hubba ...201728419122
postchill antimicrobial treatments to control salmonella, listeria, and campylobacter contamination on chicken skin used in ground chicken.ground poultry products are frequently contaminated with foodborne pathogens. with the potential for increased regulatory scrutiny, it is important to use sufficient intervention strategies to control pathogen levels effectively. a large proportion of the bacteria introduced to ground chicken are likely to come from broiler skin, which is added to achieve target fat content and maintain product texture and taste. in this research, antimicrobials, including 50 ppm of chlorine and 1,200 ppm of per ...201728414258
the current state of macrolide resistance in campylobacter spp.: trends and impacts of resistance mechanisms.campylobacter spp., especially campylobacter jejuni and c. coli, are leading bacterial foodborne pathogens worldwide. in the united states, an estimated 0.8 million cases of campylobacteriosis occur annually, mostly involving c. jejuni campylobacteriosis is generally self-limiting, but in severe cases, treatment with antibiotics may be mandated. the increasing incidence of fluoroquinolone resistance in campylobacter has rendered macrolides such as erythromycin and azithromycin the drugs of choic ...201728411226
emergence of a plasmid-borne multidrug resistance gene cfr(c) in foodborne pathogen campylobacter.to identify and characterize a novel cfr variant that recently emerged and confers multidrug resistance in campylobacter , a major foodborne pathogen.201728186558
restriction glycosylases: involvement of endonuclease activities in the restriction process.all restriction enzymes examined are phosphodiesterases generating 3΄-oh and 5΄-p ends, but one restriction enzyme (restriction glycosylase) excises unmethylated bases from its recognition sequence. whether its restriction activity involves endonucleolytic cleavage remains unclear. one report on this enzyme, r.pabi from a hyperthermophile, ascribed the breakage to high temperature while another showed its weak ap lyase activity generates atypical ends. here, we addressed this issue in mesophiles ...201728180312
characterisation of aerotolerant forms of a robust chicken colonizing campylobacter coli.campylobacter contaminated poultry meat is a major source of human foodborne illness. campylobacter coli strain or12 is a robust colonizer of chickens that was previously shown to outcompete and displace other campylobacter strains from the chicken's gastrointestinal tract. this strain is capable of aerobic growth on blood agar. serial aerobic passage increased this aerotolerance as assessed by quantitative assays for growth and survival on solid media. aerotolerance was also associated with inc ...201728396658
high prevalence and predominance of the aph(2″)-if gene conferring aminoglycoside resistance in campylobacter.campylobacter is a major foodborne pathogen and previous studies revealed that campylobacter isolates from food-producing animals are increasingly resistant to gentamicin in china. the molecular epidemiology and genetic mechanisms responsible for gentamicin resistance in china have not been well understood. in this study, 607 campylobacter isolates of chicken and swine origins collected in the year of 2014 were analyzed, revealing that 15.6% (25/160) of the c. jejuni isolates and 79.9% (357/447) ...201728264854
high rates of contamination of poultry meat products with drug resistant campylobacter in metro manila, philippines.a total of 265 chicken parts were collected from 15 wet markets and 15 supermarkets in metro manila, philippines. campylobacter spp. was isolated on modified charcoal cefoperazone deoxycholate agar plates and identified through biochemical tests and pcr amplification of genus and species specific genes. antimicrobial resistance profiles were determined following clinical and laboratory standards institute protocols. two hundred seven (78%) campylobacter spp. were isolated. c. jejuni and c. coli ...201627795478
monitoring of virulence genes, drug-resistance in campylobacter coli isolated from golden retrievers.the investigation was performed on 75 of golden retriever puppies. faecal samples were collected on the 42 day of the puppies life (control). probiotic preparation was administered on 43 day of the puppies life and 10 days after the application of the probiotic, faecal samples were collected again (on 53 day of puppies life). all isolates of campylobacter coli isolated prior to the administration of the probiotic were found to contain the cadf gene responsible for adhesion, as well as, the flaa ...201628520333
[multilocus sequence typing analysis of human campylobacter coli in granada (spain)].different subtypes of campylobacter spp. have been associated with diarrhoea and a multilocus sequence typing (mlst) method has been performed for subtyping. in the present work, mlst was used to analyse the genetic diversity of eight strains of campylobacter coli.201627701619
sensitivity to enterocins of thermophilic campylobacter spp. from different poultry species.campylobacter spp. have been isolated from various animals, including poultry. they are rapidly transmitted throughout broiler sheds by the fecal-oral route. a promising strategy to reduce campylobacter spp. in poultry may be done due to the beneficial properties of probiotic bacteria and their bacteriocins. in this study, inhibition spectrum/activity of different enterocins was evaluated against campylobacter spp. (isolated from different poultry) to indicate further practical use of enterocins ...201627602434
sensitivity of direct culture, enrichment and pcr for detection of campylobacter jejuni and c. coli in broiler flocks at slaughter.broiler chicken flocks are a significant source of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli that result in the major public health problem of campylobacteriosis. accurate estimates of the prevalence of both c. coli and c. jejuni in flocks would enhance epidemiological understanding, risk assessment and control options. this study combined results from a panel of 10 detection tests (direct culture, enrichment and pcr) on caecal samples from flocks at slaughter. a parallel interpretation approa ...201627770505
prevalence of thermotolerant campylobacter spp. in chicken meat in croatia and multilocus sequence typing of a small subset of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolates.in order to detect thermotolerant campylobacter spp., 241 samples of fresh chicken meat, at retail in croatia, were analysed according to a standard method, followed by biochemical test and molecular polymerase chain reaction/restriction enzyme analysis for exact species determination. campylobacter spp. prevalence was 73.86%. campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli were isolated from 53.53 and 15.35% of the samples, respectively. in 4.98% of isolates thermotolerant campylobacter spp. were n ...201628115906
restriction glycosylases: involvement of endonuclease activities in the restriction process.all restriction enzymes examined are phosphodiesterases generating 3'-oh and 5'-p ends, but one restriction enzyme (restriction glycosylase) excises unmethylated bases from its recognition sequence. whether its restriction activity involves endonucleolytic cleavage remains unclear. one report on this enzyme, r.pabi from a hyperthermophile, ascribed the breakage to high temperature while another showed its weak ap lyase activity generates atypical ends. here, we addressed this issue in mesophiles ...201627980098
identification of a campylobacter coli methyltransferase targeting adenines at gatc sites.campylobacter coli can infect humans and colonize multiple other animals but its host-associated genes or adaptations are poorly understood. adenine methylation at gatc sites, resulting in mboi resistance of genomic dna, was earlier frequently detected among c. coli from swine but not among turkey-derived isolates. the underlying genetic basis has remained unknown. comparative genome sequence analyses of c. coli 6461, a swine-derived strain with mboi-resistant dna, revealed two chromosomal orfs, ...201627915251
genomic variations leading to alterations in cell morphology of campylobacter spp.campylobacter jejuni, the most common cause of bacterial diarrhoeal disease, is normally helical. however, it can also adopt straight rod, elongated helical and coccoid forms. studying how helical morphology is generated, and how it switches between its different forms, is an important objective for understanding this pathogen. here, we aimed to determine the genetic factors involved in generating the helical shape of campylobacter. a c. jejuni transposon (tn) mutant library was screened for non ...201627910897
campylobacteriosis: the role of poultry meat.the incidence of human infections caused by campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli, the main bacterial agents of gastrointestinal disease, has been increasing worldwide. here, we review the role of poultry as a source and reservoir for campylobacter. contamination and subsequent colonization of broiler flocks at the farm level often lead to transmission of campylobacter along the poultry production chain and contamination of poultry meat at retail. yet campylobacter prevalence in poultry, a ...201626686808
salmonella and campylobacter: antimicrobial resistance and bacteriophage control in poultry.salmonella and campylobacter are major causes of foodborne related illness and are traditionally associated with consuming undercooked poultry and/or consuming products that have been cross contaminated with raw poultry. many of the isolated salmonella and campylobacter that can cause disease have displayed antimicrobial resistance phenotypes. although poultry producers have reduced on-the-farm overuse of antimicrobials, antimicrobial resistant salmonella and campylobacter strains still persist. ...201626678136
identification of the main quinolone resistance determinant in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli by mama-deg pcr.among zoonotic diseases, campylobacteriosis stands out as the major bacterial infection producing human gastroenteritis. antimicrobial therapy, only recommended in critical cases, is challenged by resistance mechanisms that should be unambiguously detected for achievement of effective treatments. quinolone (ciprofloxacin) resistance of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli, the 2 main campylobacter detected in humans, is conferred by the mutation gyra c-257-t, which can be genotyped by sev ...201626658311
molecular characterization, antimicrobial resistance and caco-2 cell invasion potential of campylobacter jejuni/coli from young children with diarrhea.campylobacter is a major cause of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. young children represent a particular age group affected by campylobacter infection because of their limited diets and weak immune systems.201626627197
description of an erm(b)-carrying campylobacter coli isolate in europe. 201626604242
comprehensive analysis of flagellin glycosylation in campylobacter jejuni nctc 11168 reveals incorporation of legionaminic acid and its importance for host colonization.campylobacter jejuni is the leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis. it relies on several virulence factors for host colonization, including glycosylated flagella. c. jejuni nctc 11168 modifies its flagellins with pseudaminic acid derivatives. it is also presumed to modify these proteins with legionaminic acid, although no glycopeptide evidence was available at the onset of this study. the enzyme encoded by cj1319 can be used to make legionaminic acid in vitro, but the pathway for legionamini ...201626582606
effect of antimicrobial use in agricultural animals on drug-resistant foodborne campylobacteriosis in humans: a systematic literature review.controversy continues concerning antimicrobial use in food animals and its relationship to drug-resistant infections in humans. we systematically reviewed published literature for evidence of a relationship between antimicrobial use in agricultural animals and drug-resistant foodborne campylobacteriosis in humans. based on publications from the united states (u.s.), canada and denmark from 2010 to july 2014, 195 articles were retained for abstract review, 50 met study criteria for full article r ...201626580432
species shift and multidrug resistance of campylobacter from chicken and swine, china, 2008-14.the objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of campylobacter isolated from broiler chickens and swine during 2008-14.201626568567
genotyping of campylobacter coli strains isolated in brazil suggests possible contamination amongst environmental, human, animal and food sources.campylobacter coli and campylobacter jejuni are two of the most common causative agents of food-borne gastroenteritis in numerous countries worldwide. in brazil, campylobacteriosis is under diagnosed and under-reported, and few studies have molecularly characterized campylobacter spp. in this country. the current study genotyped 63 c. coli strains isolated from humans (n512), animals (n521), food (n510) and the environment (n520) between 1995 and 2011 in brazil. the strains were genotyped using ...201626531157
large sequence diversity within the biosynthesis locus and common biochemical features of campylobacter coli lipooligosaccharides.despite the importance of lipooligosaccharides (loss) in the pathogenicity of campylobacteriosis, little is known about the genetic and phenotypic diversity of los in campylobacter coli in this study, we investigated the distribution of los locus classes among a large collection of unrelated c. coli isolates sampled from several different host species. furthermore, we paired c. coli genomic information and los chemical composition for the first time to investigate possible associations between l ...201627481928
influence of enrichment and isolation media on the detection of campylobacter spp. in naturally contaminated chicken samples.investigating campylobacter epidemiology requires adequate technique and media to ensure optimal culturing and accurate detection and isolation of campylobacter strains. in the present study, we investigated the performances of three enrichment durations in bolton broth (0, 24 and 48h) and compared four isolation media (mccda, karmali, butzler no. 2 and campyfood agar (cfa)) for the detection of campylobacter positive samples and the identification of campylobacter species, from naturally contam ...201627373751
clinical relevance of infections with zoonotic and human oral species of campylobacter.genus campylobacter has been recognized as a causative bacterial agent of animal and human diseases. human campylobacter infections have caused more concern. campylobacters can be classified into two groups in terms of their original host: zoonotic and human oral species. the major zoonotic species are campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli, which mostly reside in the intestines of avian species and are transmitted to humans via consumption of contaminated poultry products, thus causing hum ...201627350611
monitoring antimicrobial resistance in the food supply chain and its implications for fda policy initiatives.in response to concerning increases in antimicrobial resistance (amr), the food and drug administration (fda) has decided to increase veterinary oversight requirements for antimicrobials and restrict their use in growth promotion. given the high stakes of this policy for the food supply, economy, and human and veterinary health, it is important to rigorously assess the effects of this policy. we have undertaken a detailed analysis of data provided by the national antimicrobial resistance monitor ...201627324772
evaluation of a multiplex real-time pcr assay for detecting major bacterial enteric pathogens in fecal specimens: intestinal inflammation and bacterial load are correlated in campylobacter infections.a total of 1,056 native or cary-blair-preserved stool specimens were simultaneously tested by conventional stool culturing and by enteric bacterial panel (ebp) multiplex real-time pcr for campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter coli, salmonella spp., and shigellosis disease-causing agents (shigella spp. and enteroinvasive escherichia coli [eiec]). overall, 143 (13.5%) specimens tested positive by pcr for the targets named above; 3 coinfections and 109 (10.4%) campylobacter spp., 17 (1.6%) salmonella ...201627307458
quantifying potential sources of surface water contamination with campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli.campylobacter is the most common causative agent of human bacterial gastroenteritis and is frequently found in surface water, where it indicates recent contamination with animal faeces, sewage effluent, and agricultural run-off. the contribution of different animal reservoirs to surface water contamination with campylobacter is largely unknown. in the netherlands, the massive poultry culling to control the 2003 avian influenza epidemic coincided with a 44-50% reduction in human campylobacteriosi ...201627244295
multilocus sequence typing of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolates from poultry, cattle and humans in nigeria.to determine the genetic diversity of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolates from nigeria and to identify the association between multilocus sequence types and hosts (poultry, cattle and humans).201627206561
functional genomics in campylobacter coli identified a novel streptomycin resistance gene located in a hypervariable genomic region.numerous aminoglycoside resistance genes have been reported in campylobacter spp. often resembling those from gram-positive bacterial species and located in transferable genetic elements with other resistance genes. we discovered a new streptomycin (str) resistance gene in campylobactercoli showing 27-34 % amino acid identity to aminoglycoside 6-nucleotidyl-transferases described previously in campylobacter. str resistance was verified by gene expression and insertional inactivation. this ant-li ...201627154456
l-fucose influences chemotaxis and biofilm formation in campylobacter jejuni.campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli are zoonotic pathogens once considered asaccharolytic, but are now known to encode pathways for glucose and fucose uptake/metabolism. for c. jejuni, strains with the fuc locus possess a competitive advantage in animal colonization models. we demonstrate that this locus is present in > 50% of genome-sequenced strains and is prevalent in livestock-associated isolates of both species. to better understand how these campylobacters sense nutrient availabili ...201627145048
antibiotic resistance and polymorphism in the quinolone resistance-determining region of campylobacter spp. isolated from 1-day-old ducklings.thirty-three isolates of campylobacter coli and three isolates of campylobacter jejuni were recovered from 150 1-day-old ducklings. all isolates were sensitive to chloramphenicol and amikacin, but resistant to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (sxt) by the disc diffusion method. most isolates were susceptible to tetracycline and erythromycin, but resistant to ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. of the 33 c. coli isolates, nine were positive for the tetracycline resistance gene tet(o), although only two of ...201627068149
combined campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli rapid testing and molecular epidemiology in conventional broiler flocks.campylobacter spp. are important causes of bacterial zoonosis, most often transmitted by contaminated poultry meat. from an epidemiological and risk assessment perspective, further knowledge should be obtained on campylobacter prevalence and genotype distribution in primary production. consequently, 15 austrian broiler flocks were surveyed in summer for their thermophilic campylobacter spp. contamination status. chicken droppings, dust and drinking water samples were collected from each flock at ...201627061601
molecular subtyping and erythromycin resistance of campylobacter in china.to investigate the erythromycin resistance patterns and mechanism for campylobacter isolates in china.201626999516
discriminative power of campylobacter phenotypic and genotypic typing methods.the aim of this study was to compare different typing methods, individually and combined, for use in the monitoring of campylobacter in food. campylobacter jejuni (n=94) and campylobacter coli (n=52) isolated from different broiler meat carcasses were characterized using multilocus sequence typing (mlst), flagellin gene a restriction fragment length polymorphism typing (flaa-rflp), antimicrobial resistance profiling (amrp), the presence/absence of 5 putative virulence genes; and, exclusively for ...201626996762
influence of commercial laying hen housing systems on the incidence and identification of salmonella and campylobacter.the housing of laying hens is important for social, industrial, and regulatory aspects. many studies have compared hen housing systems on the research farm, but few have fully examined commercial housing systems and management strategies. the current study compared hens housed in commercial cage-free aviary, conventional cage, and enriched colony cage systems. environmental and eggshell pool samples were collected from selected cages/segments of the housing systems throughout the production cycl ...201626976901
the effects of 405-nm visible light on the survival of campylobacter on chicken skin and stainless steel.campylobacter spp. are foodborne pathogens responsible for a significant portion of human cases of bacterial-mediated gastrointestinal disease. a primary method for the introduction of campylobacter into the food supply is through poultry products. reducing the number of campylobacter on poultry products may reduce the incidence of human disease. research has been conducted on the use of light to inactivate campylobacter on poultry products and processing environments. more recently, the use of ...201626938455
isolation, identification and antibiotic resistance of campylobacter strains isolated from domestic and free-living pigeons.1. the aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of campylobacter spp. in domestic and free-living pigeons and to evaluate the antibiotic resistance profiles. 2. the material consisted of cloacal swabs obtained from 108 homing pigeons and fresh faeces from 72 wild birds from lublin and its vicinity. the identification of strains isolated on differential/selective media for campylobacter spp. was carried out by maldi-tof and pcr. the susceptibility to antibiotics was evaluated by minimum i ...201626841300
characterization of antimicrobial susceptibility and its association with virulence genes related to adherence, invasion, and cytotoxicity in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolates from animals, meat, and humans.the aim of this research was to statistically analyze the association between antimicrobial susceptibility/resistance to erythromycine, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, and tetracycline and 11 virulence genes associated with adherence, invasion, and cytotoxicity in 528 isolates of campylobacter coli and campylobacter jejuni obtained from retail meat and fecal samples from food-producing animals and human patients. a high percentage of campylobacter strains were resistant to antimicrobials, specificall ...201626779841
zoonotic public health hazards in backyard chickens.backyard poultry has become increasingly popular in industrialized countries. in addition to keeping chickens for eggs and meat, owners often treat the birds as pets. however, several pathogenic enteric bacteria have the potential for zoonotic transmission from poultry to humans but very little is known about the occurrence of zoonotic pathogens in backyard flocks. the occurrence and the antimicrobial resistance of salmonella enterica, campylobacter spp., listeria monocytogenes and enteropathoge ...201626752227
variation in campylobacter multilocus sequence typing subtypes from chickens as detected on three plating media.the objective of this study was to compare subtypes of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli detected on three selective campylobacter plating media to determine whether each medium selected for different subtypes. fifty ceca and 50 carcasses (representing 50 flocks) were collected from the evisceration line in a commercial broiler processing plant. campylobacter was cultured and isolated from cecal contents and carcass rinses on campy-cefex, campy line, and rf campylobacter jejuni/coli ag ...201628221919
simultaneous identification of 13 foodborne pathogens by using capillary electrophoresis-single strand conformation polymorphism coupled with multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification and its application in foods.capillary electrophoresis-single strand conformation polymorphism (ce-sscp) coupled with stuffer-free multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (mlpa) was developed to identify 13 species of foodborne pathogens simultaneously. species-specific mlpa probes were designed for nine of these species. these probes were targeted to the groel, glya, mms, tuf, inv, ipah, nuc, vvh, and 16s rrna genes, which corresponded to bacillus cereus, campylobacter coli, cronobacter sakazakii, enterococcus spp ...201627494415
a rapid and simple real-time pcr assay for detecting foodborne pathogenic bacteria in human feces.a rapid, simple method for detecting foodborne pathogenic bacteria in human feces is greatly needed. here, we examined the efficacy of a method that employs a combination of a commercial pcr master mix, which is insensitive to pcr inhibitors, and a dna extraction method which used sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (sdbs), and tween 20 to counteract the inhibitory effects of sdbs on the pcr assay. this method could detect the target genes (stx1 and stx2 of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli, inva ...201626902211
systematic site-directed mutagenesis of the helicobacter pylori cagl protein of the cag type iv secretion system identifies novel functional domains.the cag type iv secretion system, which contributes to inflammation and cancerogenesis during chronic infection, is one of the major virulence factors of the bacterial gastric pathogen helicobacter pylori. we have generated and characterized a series of non-marked site-directed chromosomal mutants in h. pylori to define domains of unknown function of the essential tip protein cagl of the cag secretion system. characterizing the cagl mutants, we determined that their function to activate cells an ...201627922023
isolation of campylobacter spp. from client-owned dogs and cats, and retail raw meat pet food in the manawatu, new zealand.campylobacter causes acute gastroenteritis in people worldwide and is frequently isolated from food, animals and the environment. the disease is predominately food-borne but many routes of transmission and sources of infection have been described, including contact with pets. the prevalence of campylobacter spp. in dogs and cats varies widely, and data on new zealand pets are limited. this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of campylobacter spp. in dogs, cats and retail raw meat pet food ...201627860343
evaluation of a protective effect of in ovo delivered campylobacter jejuni omvs.campylobacter jejuni is the most prevalent cause of a food-borne gastroenteritis in the developed world, with poultry being the main source of infection. campylobacter jejuni, like other gram-negative bacteria, constitutively releases outer membrane vesicles (omvs). omvs are highly immunogenic, can be taken up by mammalian cells, and are easily modifiable by recombinant engineering. we have tested their usefulness for an oral (in ovo) vaccination of chickens. four groups of 18-day-old chicken em ...201627383607
what makes a bacterial species pathogenic?:comparative genomic analysis of the genus leptospira.leptospirosis, caused by spirochetes of the genus leptospira, is a globally widespread, neglected and emerging zoonotic disease. while whole genome analysis of individual pathogenic, intermediately pathogenic and saprophytic leptospira species has been reported, comprehensive cross-species genomic comparison of all known species of infectious and non-infectious leptospira, with the goal of identifying genes related to pathogenesis and mammalian host adaptation, remains a key gap in the field. in ...201626890609
accuracy of commercial kits and published primer pairs for the detection of periodontopathogens.despite the input of microbiome research, a group of 20 bacteria continues to be the focus of periodontal diagnostics and therapy. the aim of this study was to compare three commercial kits and laboratory-developed primer pairs for effectiveness in detecting such periodontopathogens.201627020914
multidrug-resistant campylobacter coli in men who have sex with men, quebec, canada, 2015. 201627533504
functional metagenomics of spacecraft assembly cleanrooms: presence of virulence factors associated with human pathogens.strict planetary protection practices are implemented during spacecraft assembly to prevent inadvertent transfer of earth microorganisms to other planetary bodies. therefore, spacecraft are assembled in cleanrooms, which undergo strict cleaning and decontamination procedures to reduce total microbial bioburden. we wanted to evaluate if these practices selectively favor survival and growth of hardy microorganisms, such as pathogens. three geographically distinct cleanrooms were sampled during the ...201627667984
methylome analysis of two xanthomonas spp. using single-molecule real-time sequencing.single-molecule real-time (smrt) sequencing allows identification of methylated dna bases and methylation patterns/motifs at the genome level. using smrt sequencing, diverse bacterial methylomes including those of helicobacter pylori, lactobacillus spp., and escherichia coli have been determined, and previously unreported dna methylation motifs have been identified. however, the methylomes of xanthomonas species, which belong to the most important plant pathogenic bacterial genus, have not been ...201627904456
bacteriophage-based tools: recent advances and novel applications.bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that infect bacterial hosts, and since their discovery over a century ago they have been primarily exploited to control bacterial populations and to serve as tools in molecular biology. in this commentary, we highlight recent diverse advances in the field of phage research, going beyond bacterial control using whole phage, to areas including biocontrol using phage-derived enzybiotics, diagnostics, drug discovery, novel drug delivery systems and bionanotechnolo ...201627990274
bibliometric analysis of publications on campylobacter: (2000-2015).campylobacter species are widespread zoonotic pathogens. campylobacter jejuni causes a form of gastroenteritis called campylobacteriosis. campylobacter drug resistance is considered a serious threat. in order to better understand national and international research output on campylobacter, we conducted this bibliometric overview of publications on campylobacter. this study can be used to assess extent of interaction and response of researchers, food regulators, and health policy makers to global ...201627899145
exploiting bacterial whole-genome sequencing data for evaluation of diagnostic assays: campylobacter species identification as a case study.the application of whole-genome sequencing (wgs) to problems in clinical microbiology has had a major impact on the field. clinical laboratories are now using wgs for pathogen identification, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and epidemiological typing. wgs data also represent a valuable resource for the development and evaluation of molecular diagnostic assays, which continue to play an important role in clinical microbiology. to demonstrate this application of wgs, this study used publicly ...201627733632
glucose metabolism via the entner-doudoroff pathway in campylobacter: a rare trait that enhances survival and promotes biofilm formation in some isolates.isolates of the zoonotic pathogen campylobacter are generally considered to be unable to metabolize glucose due to lack of key glycolytic enzymes. however, the entner-doudoroff (ed) pathway has been identified in campylobacter jejuni subsp. doylei and a few c. coli isolates. a systematic search for ed pathway genes in a wide range of campylobacter isolates and in the c. jejuni/coli pubmlst database revealed that 1.7% of >6,000 genomes encoded a complete ed pathway, including both c. jejuni and c ...201627920773
advances and challenges in viability detection of foodborne pathogens.foodborne outbreaks are a serious public health and food safety concern worldwide. there is a great demand for rapid, sensitive, specific, and accurate methods to detect microbial pathogens in foods. conventional methods based on cultivation of pathogens have been the gold standard protocols; however, they take up to a week to complete. molecular assays such as polymerase chain reaction (pcr), sequencing, microarray technologies have been widely used in detection of foodborne pathogens. among mo ...201627920757
epidemiology and rapd-pcr typing of thermophilic campylobacters from children under five years and chickens in morogoro municipality, tanzania.campylobacter species are gram negative and flagellated bacteria under the genus campylobacter, family campylobacteriaceae. these pathogens cause zoonotic infections among human and animal populations. this study was undertaken between december 2006 and may 2007 to determine prevalence, risk factors and genetic diversity of thermophilic campylobacter isolates from children less than 5 years and chickens in morogoro municipality, tanzania.201627871251
prevalence of enteropathogens in dogs attending 3 regional dog parks in northern california.the prevalence and risk factors for infection with enteropathogens in dogs frequenting dog parks have been poorly documented, and infected dogs can pose a potential zoonotic risk for owners.201627859745
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