Publications

TitleAbstractYear
Filter
PMID
Filter
the campylobacter jejuni/coli cjaa (cj0982c) gene encodes an n-glycosylated lipoprotein localized in the inner membrane.the campylobacter coli 72dz/92 cjaa gene (orthologue of cj0982c of c. jejuni nctc 11168) product is a highly immunogenic, amino acid-binding protein. cjaa was palmitic acid-modified when processed in e. coli. in addition, site-directed mutagenesis of the cys residue of the laac motif of its signal sequence confirmed that cjaa is a lipoprotein when processed in campylobacter. localization of the protein appeared to be host dependent. in campylobacter, cjaa was recovered mainly as an inner-membran ...200818584243
cytokine responses in primary chicken embryo intestinal cells infected with campylobacter jejuni strains of human and chicken origin and the expression of bacterial virulence-associated genes.campylobacter jejuni is a major cause of inflammatory diarrhoea in humans and is considered a commensal of the gastroenteric tract of the avian host. however, little is known about the interaction between c. jejuni and the avian host including the cytokine responses and the expression of the bacterial genes. we have investigated the invasiveness of primary chicken embryo intestinal cells (ceics) by c. jejuni strains of human and chicken origins and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines as ...200818588667
the haemophilus influenzae hmw1 adhesin is a glycoprotein with an unusual n-linked carbohydrate modification.the haemophilus influenzae hmw1 adhesin mediates adherence to respiratory epithelial cells, a critical early step in the pathogenesis of h. influenzae disease. in recent work, we demonstrated that hmw1 undergoes glycosylation. in addition, we observed that glycosylation of hmw1 is essential for hmw1 tethering to the bacterial surface, a prerequisite for hmw1-mediated adherence to host epithelium. in this study, we examined hmw1 proteolytic fragments by mass spectrometry, achieved 89% amino acid ...200818621734
real-time pcr detection of pathogenic microorganisms in roof-harvested rainwater in southeast queensland, australia.in this study, the microbiological quality of roof-harvested rainwater was assessed by monitoring the concentrations of escherichia coli, enterococci, clostridium perfringens, and bacteroides spp. in rainwater obtained from tanks in southeast queensland, australia. samples were also tested using real-time pcr (with sybr green i dye) for the presence of potential pathogenic microorganisms. of the 27 rainwater samples tested, 17 (63%), 21 (78%), 13 (48%), and 24 (89%) were positive for e. coli, en ...200818621865
baseline data from a belgium-wide survey of campylobacter species contamination in chicken meat preparations and considerations for a reliable monitoring program.from february to november 2007, chicken meat preparations (n = 656) were sampled at 11 processing companies across belgium. all samples were tested for campylobacter by enrichment culture and by direct plating according to standard methods. almost half (48.02%) of the samples were positive for campylobacter spp. the mean campylobacter count was 1.68 log(10) cfu/g with a standard deviation of +/- 0.64 log(10) cfu/g. the study revealed a statistically significant variation in campylobacter contami ...200818621867
host-pathogen interactions in campylobacter infections: the host perspective.campylobacter is a major cause of acute bacterial diarrhea in humans worldwide. this study was aimed at summarizing the current understanding of host mechanisms involved in the defense against campylobacter by evaluating data available from three sources: (i) epidemiological observations, (ii) observations of patients, and (iii) experimental observations including observations of animal models and human volunteer studies. analysis of available data clearly indicates that an effective immune syst ...200818625685
combined treatment with oral kanamycin and parenteral antibiotics for a case of persistent bacteremia and intestinal carriage with campylobacter coli.campylobacter coli (c. coli) is a rare pathogen of bacteremia, but in immunocompromised hosts, c. coli occasionally causes bacteremia which can be refractory to antibiotic treatment. we report a case of c. coli bacteremia in a patient with x-linked agammaglobulinemia. bacteremia relapsed repeatedly in spite of treatment with combined intravenous antibiotics. c. coli was observed in the biopsy specimens from the intestinal mucosa, suggesting intestinal carriage and reservoir of recurring infectio ...200818628588
campylobacter-induced interleukin-8 secretion in polarized human intestinal epithelial cells requires campylobacter-secreted cytolethal distending toxin- and toll-like receptor-mediated activation of nf-kappab.campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli colonize and infect the intestinal epithelium and cause acute inflammatory diarrhea. the intestinal epithelium serves as a physical barrier to, and a sensor of, bacterial infection by secreting proinflammatory cytokines. this study examined the mechanisms for campylobacter-induced secretion of the proinflammatory chemokine interleukin-8 (il-8) by using polarized t84 human colonic epithelial cells as a model. c. jejuni increased the secretion of both il ...200818644884
diversity of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli from broiler chickens in france.in 2003 to 2004, 26 free-range broilers flocks excreting campylobacter were studied for identification of campylobacter species and genotype diversity. seventeen flocks were sampled at the end of the indoor rearing period and 9 before departure to the slaughterhouse after access to an open area. out of 513 isolates, 315 were identified as campylobacter jejuni and 198 as campylobacter coli. pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis revealed 35 genotypes for c. jejuni and 43 genotypes for c. coli; ...200818648064
flagellar glycosylation in clostridium botulinum.flagellins from clostridium botulinum were shown to be post-translationally modified with novel glycan moieties by top-down ms analysis of purified flagellin protein from strains of various toxin serotypes. detailed analyses of flagellin from two strains of c. botulinum demonstrated that the protein is modified by a novel glycan moiety of mass 417 da in o-linkage. bioinformatic analysis of available c. botulinum genomes identified a flagellar glycosylation island containing homologs of genes rec ...200818671733
genomic evidence for interspecies acquisition of chromosomal dna from campylobacter jejuni by campylobacter coli strains of a turkey-associated clonal group (cluster ii).previous multilocus sequence typing studies of campylobacter coli from meat animals identified an unusual cluster of strains, primarily from turkeys, termed "cluster ii" and characterized by the presence of the c. jejuni aspa103 allele. to characterize the extent of genomic input from c. jejuni in the aspa region of cluster ii c. coli, we sequenced the 6.1 kb genomic region upstream of and including aspa from two turkey-derived cluster ii strains (c. coli 6979 and c. coli 7474, of st-1150 and st ...200818673073
role of the helicobacter hepaticus flagellar sigma factor flia in gene regulation and murine colonization.the enterohepatic helicobacter species helicobacter hepaticus colonizes the murine intestinal and hepatobiliary tract and is associated with chronic intestinal inflammation, gall stone formation, hepatitis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. thus far, the role of h. hepaticus motility and flagella in intestinal colonization is unknown. in other, closely related bacteria, late flagellar genes are mainly regulated by the sigma factor flia (sigma(28)). we investigated the function of the h. hepaticus fl ...200818689480
differential effects of temperature on natural transformation to erythromycin and nalidixic acid resistance in campylobacter coli.campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli are naturally competent, but limited information exists on the impact of environmental conditions on transformation. in this study, we investigated the impact of temperature and microaerobic versus aerobic atmosphere on transformation of c. coli to erythromycin and nalidixic acid resistance. frequency of transformation was not significantly different between microaerobic (5 to 10% co(2)) and aerobic conditions. however, c. coli was transformed to eryth ...200818708520
assessment of the stability of cell-surface components of microorganisms by maldi-tof-ms following preservation on lenticule discs.strains representing the species campylobacter coli, escherichia coli, listeria monocytogenes, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella enterica, and staphylococcus aureus were randomly selected to assess the consistency of cells preserved on lenticule discs to those archived in traditional freeze-dried ampoules. each matched pair was cultured using identical conditions and analysed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ms) to profile the surface-associated m ...200818717884
restoration of flagellar biosynthesis by varied mutational events in campylobacter jejuni.both a complex regulatory cascade involving the flgsr two-component system and phase variation control expression of sigma(54)-dependent flagellar genes in campylobacter jejuni. in this study, mutational mechanisms influencing production of the flgs histidine kinase were discovered. random non-motile, non-flagellated flgs variants were impaired for growth in the chick intestinal tract. spontaneous revertants restored for flagellar biosynthesis, gene expression, and motility identified by in vivo ...200818761684
prevalence of campylobacter jejuni and its resistance to antibiotics in poultry in the czech republic.thermotolerant campylobacter spp., in particular campylobacter jejuni, are among the most frequently identified pathogens, found to be causing human gastrointestinal infections in europe, with the czech republic being no exception. the presented work aimed at assessing results of the first nationwide monitoring of prevalence and antibiotic resistance of campylobacter spp. in broiler flocks in the czech republic, including a comparison of antibiotic resistance of c. jejuni isolates collected from ...200918771516
recombination-based in vivo expression technology identifies helicobacter pylori genes important for host colonization.here we undertook to identify colonization and gastric disease-promoting factors of the human gastric pathogen helicobacter pylori as genes that were induced in response to the stomach environment. using recombination-based in vivo expression technology (rivet), we identified six promoters induced in the host compared to laboratory conditions. three of these promoters, designated pivi10, pivi66, and pivi77, regulate genes that h. pylori may use to interact with other microbes or the host. pivi10 ...200818794279
monoclonal antibody binding to the major outer membrane protein of campylobacter coli.campylobacter species are major enteric pathogens causing diarrhea illness in humans and animals. immunological tests are needed for accurate and rapid identification of c. coli, in conjunction with the use of standard biochemical tests. we initiated the creation of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) using whole c. coli cells as antigen. four positive clones were identified, namely mab2g6, mab3b9, mab4a10 and mab5b9. dot-blot assay and elisa revealed that only mab2g6 did not cross react with c. jejuni ...200818796306
prevalence of thermotolerant campylobacter in pheasants (phasianus colchicus).the present study was undertaken with the aim to evaluate the prevalence of thermotolerant campylobacter spp. in living pheasants in italy. to achieve this goal, a total of 240 living pheasants, equally shared between female and male birds, were examined. thermotolerant campylobacter spp. was isolated in 104 out of 204 (43.3%) living pheasants analysed. campylobacter coli (100%) and campylobacter jejuni (13.5%) were identified by polymerase chain reaction. adult pheasants showed a significantly ...200818798025
identification of campylobacter jejuni proteins recognized by maternal antibodies of chickens.campylobacter jejuni is one of the leading bacterial causes of food-borne gastroenteritis. infection with c. jejuni is frequently acquired through the consumption of undercooked poultry or foods cross-contaminated with raw poultry. given the importance of poultry as a reservoir for campylobacter organisms, investigators have performed studies to understand the protective role of maternal antibodies in the ecology of campylobacter colonization of poultry. in a previous study, chicks with maternal ...200818805999
characterization of two campylobacter jejuni strains for use in volunteer experimental-infection studies.the development of vaccines against campylobacter jejuni would be facilitated by the ability to perform phase ii challenge studies. however, molecular mimicry of the lipooligosaccharide (los) of most c. jejuni strains with human gangliosides presents safety concerns about the development of guillain-barré syndrome. clinical isolates of c. jejuni that appeared to lack genes for the synthesis of ganglioside mimics were identified by dna probe analyses. two clinical isolates from southeast asia (st ...200818809665
longitudinal study of prevalence of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli from turkeys and swine grown in close proximity.eastern north carolina is a major contributor to both turkey and swine production in the united states. in this region, turkeys and swine are frequently grown in close proximity and by common growers. to further characterize colonization of turkeys and swine with campylobacter in such a setting, we investigated the prevalence of thermophilic campylobacters in eight paired operations involving turkey farms in close proximity to finishing swine farms. all 15 surveyed flocks and 15 herds were campy ...200818810862
a large waterborne outbreak of campylobacteriosis in norway: the need to focus on distribution system safety.on 7 may 2007 the medical officer in røros (population 5600) reported 15 patients with gastroenteritis. three days later he estimated hundreds being ill. untreated tap water from a groundwater source was suspected as the vehicle and chlorination was started 11 may. campylobacter was isolated from patients' stool samples. we conducted an investigation to identify the source and describe the extent of the outbreak.200818816387
[evaluation of antigenic properties of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli proteins in a western-immunoblot].campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli are the most common bacterial cause for acute diarrheal illnesses in developed countries. the aim of this study was to evaluate the antigenic properties of campylobacterjejuni and campylobacter coli proteins in western-blot assay. whole-cell components of campulobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electroforesis. using this method we detected in all seven c. jejuni strains 21 peptides migrati ...200818819448
development of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for sensitive and rapid detection of vibrio parahaemolyticus.vibrio parahaemolyticus is a marine seafood-borne pathogen causing gastrointestinal disorders in humans. thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) and tdh-related hemolysin (trh) are known as major virulence determinants of v. parahaemolyticus. most v. parahaemolyticus isolates from the environment do not produce tdh or trh. total v. parahaemolyticus has been used as an indicator for control of seafood contamination toward prevention of infection. detection of total v. parahaemolyticus using conventio ...200818823567
dynamics of campylobacter colonization of a natural host, sturnus vulgaris (european starling).wild european starlings (sturnus vulgaris) shed campylobacter at high rates, suggesting that they may be a source of human and farm animal infection. a survey of campylobacter shedding of 957 wild starlings was undertaken by culture of faecal specimens and genetic analysis of the campylobacters isolated: shedding rates were 30.6% for campylobacter jejuni, 0.6% for c. coli and 6.3% for c. lari. genotyping by multilocus sequence typing (mlst) and antigen sequence typing established that these bact ...200918826435
extended sequence typing of campylobacter spp., united kingdom.supplementing campylobacter spp. multilocus sequence typing with nucleotide sequence typing of 3 antigen genes increased the discriminatory index achieved from 0.975 to 0.992 among 620 clinical isolates from oxfordshire, united kingdom. this enhanced typing scheme enabled identification of clusters and retained data required for long-range epidemiologic comparisons of isolates.200818826829
molecular mechanisms involved in vascular interactions of the lyme disease pathogen in a living host.hematogenous dissemination is important for infection by many bacterial pathogens, but is poorly understood because of the inability to directly observe this process in living hosts at the single cell level. all disseminating pathogens must tether to the host endothelium despite significant shear forces caused by blood flow. however, the molecules that mediate tethering interactions have not been identified for any bacterial pathogen except e. coli, which tethers to host cells via a specialized ...200818833295
risk factors for campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in young cattle on english and welsh farms.campylobacter jejuni and c. coli are the most prevalent causes of bacterial diarrhoea in most of the western world. in great britain, the source remains unknown for the majority of cases, though poultry is considered the main source of infection. molecular typing methods identify cattle as a potential source of a proportion of the non-source-attributed cases, mainly through direct contact, environmental contamination or milk, but little is known about the epidemiology of campylobacter in cattle. ...200918835052
initial studies using aliphatic beta-nitro alcohols for therapeutic corneal cross-linking.corneal collagen cross-linking through uva-riboflavin photochemistry (uvar) has been shown to be an effective treatment for keratoconus and related keratectasias. in recent studies using sclera, the authors observed that short-chain aliphatic beta-nitro alcohols can cross-link collagenous tissue under physiologic conditions. thus, this study was undertaken to evaluate these agents as potential pharmacologic alternatives to uvar.200918836172
initial studies using aliphatic beta-nitro alcohols for therapeutic corneal cross-linking.corneal collagen cross-linking through uva-riboflavin photochemistry (uvar) has been shown to be an effective treatment for keratoconus and related keratectasias. in recent studies using sclera, the authors observed that short-chain aliphatic beta-nitro alcohols can cross-link collagenous tissue under physiologic conditions. thus, this study was undertaken to evaluate these agents as potential pharmacologic alternatives to uvar.200918836172
comparison of disk diffusion and agar dilution methods for erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, and tetracycline susceptibility testing of campylobacter coli and for tetracycline susceptibility testing of campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni.with disk diffusion, the following zone diameters are suggested to be resistant and susceptible breakpoints, respectively: for susceptibility testing of campylobacter coli, no inhibition zone and 15 mm or more for erythromycin, and 20 mm or less and 25 mm or more for ciprofloxacin, in the absence or presence of an inhibition zone around the nalidixic acid disk; and for susceptibility testing of c. coli and campylobacter jejuni, 20 mm or less and 26 mm or more for tetracycline.200818838597
rapid screening of salmonella enterica serovars enteritidis, hadar, heidelberg and typhimurium using a serologically-correlative allelotyping pcr targeting the o and h antigen alleles.classical salmonella serotyping is an expensive and time consuming process that requires implementing a battery of o and h antisera to detect 2,541 different salmonella enterica serovars. for these reasons, we developed a rapid multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based typing scheme to screen for the prevalent s. enterica serovars enteritidis, hadar, heidelberg, and typhimurium.200818845003
a laboratory-based survey of campylobacter infections in prahova county.in developing countries, as well as in many western countries, members of the genus campylobacter are recognized as one of the most common cause of acute bacterial enteritis. campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolation rates have been shown to be equal to, and sometimes higher than those of other enteric pathogens. the microbiology laboratory of the local public health authority in prahova county conducted a one and a half-year laboratory-based survey of campylobacter infections in pat ...200718928068
multilocus sequence typing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and fla short variable region typing of clonal complexes of campylobacter jejuni strains of human, bovine, and poultry origins in luxembourg.campylobacter jejuni is the most common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in luxembourg, with a marked seasonal peak during summer. the majority of these infections are thought to be sporadic, and the relative contribution of potential sources and reservoirs is still poorly understood. we monitored human cases from june to september 2006 (n = 124) by molecular characterization of isolates with the aim of rapidly detecting temporally related cases. in addition, isolates from poultry meat (n = 36 ...200818931296
influence of long time storage in mineral water on rna stability of pseudomonas aeruginosa and escherichia coli after heat inactivation.research of rna viability markers was previously studied for many bacterial species. few and different targets of each species have been checked and motley results can be found in literature. no research has been done about pseudomonas aeruginosa in this way.200818941615
antimicrobial resistance of campylobacter coli isolates from swine.eighty-three swine isolates of campylobacter coli were tested for mechanisms underlying resistance to nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin and tetracycline. four isolates harbored class 1 integrons but none carried class 2 and 3 integrons. most of the tetracycline-resistant isolates (97%) possessed tet(o). a thr-86-ile substitution in gyra and an a-2230-g mutation in 23s rrna were the main resistance mechanisms for quinolones and erythromycin, respectively.200818945505
pediatric campylobacteriosis in northern taiwan from 2003 to 2005.there has been a marked increase in the incidence of, and concern regarding, human campylobacter jejuni and c. coli infections worldwide during the last decade. as the highest infectious disease control apparatus in taiwan, we aimed to describe the character of campylobacter isolates from infected children, as well as basic information about the patients, from december 2003 to february 2005.200818973701
detection of escherichia coli, salmonella spp., shigella spp., yersinia enterocolitica, vibrio cholerae, and campylobacter spp. enteropathogens by 3-reaction multiplex polymerase chain reaction.the magnitude of bacterial diarrhea in developing countries is largely unknown because affordable detection methods are not available. we have developed a polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based assay for use in areas with limited resources to screen for diarrheogenic strains from clinical isolates. to simplify the assay and minimize reagents, our method implemented the use of plasmids rather than bacteria as template controls and the use of bacterial suspensions or crude dna preparations rather t ...200918990527
detection of escherichia coli, salmonella spp., shigella spp., yersinia enterocolitica, vibrio cholerae, and campylobacter spp. enteropathogens by 3-reaction multiplex polymerase chain reaction.the magnitude of bacterial diarrhea in developing countries is largely unknown because affordable detection methods are not available. we have developed a polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based assay for use in areas with limited resources to screen for diarrheogenic strains from clinical isolates. to simplify the assay and minimize reagents, our method implemented the use of plasmids rather than bacteria as template controls and the use of bacterial suspensions or crude dna preparations rather t ...200918990527
demographic determinants for campylobacter infection in england and wales: implications for future epidemiological studies.despite a significant public health burden the epidemiology of human campylobacter infection remains blurred. the identification of demographic determinants for campylobacter infection is therefore essential for identifying potential areas for intervention. demographic data from an active, population-based sentinel surveillance system for campylobacter infection (from 2000 until 2003, n=15 907) were compared with appropriate denominator data from the 2001 united kingdom census. incidence was hig ...200819000328
can campylobacter coli induce guillain-barré syndrome? 200919002726
campylobacter immunity and coinfection following a large outbreak in a farming community.an outbreak of campylobacteriosis affected approximately one-half of 165 people attending an annual farmers' dance in montrose, scotland, in november 2005. epidemiological investigations, including a cohort study (n = 164), identified chicken liver paté as the most likely vehicle of infection. paté preparation involved deliberate undercooking of chicken livers by flash-frying, followed by mechanical homogenization. typing of 32 campylobacter strains (isolated from submitted stools) by multilocus ...200919005146
campylobacter immunity and coinfection following a large outbreak in a farming community.an outbreak of campylobacteriosis affected approximately one-half of 165 people attending an annual farmers' dance in montrose, scotland, in november 2005. epidemiological investigations, including a cohort study (n = 164), identified chicken liver paté as the most likely vehicle of infection. paté preparation involved deliberate undercooking of chicken livers by flash-frying, followed by mechanical homogenization. typing of 32 campylobacter strains (isolated from submitted stools) by multilocus ...200919005146
rapid evolution and the importance of recombination to the gastroenteric pathogen campylobacter jejuni.responsible for the majority of bacterial gastroenteritis in the developed world, campylobacter jejuni is a pervasive pathogen of humans and animals, but its evolution is obscure. in this paper, we exploit contemporary genetic diversity and empirical evidence to piece together the evolutionary history of c. jejuni and quantify its evolutionary potential. our combined population genetics-phylogenetics approach reveals a surprising picture. campylobacter jejuni is a rapidly evolving species, subje ...200919008526
23s rrna gene mutations contributing to macrolide resistance in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli.the genetic basis of macrolide resistance in campylobacter coli (n = 17) and c. jejuni (n = 35) isolates previously subjected to in vivo selective pressure was investigated to determine if the number of copies of 23s rrna genes with macrolide-associated mutations affects the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of macrolides. sequence data for domain v of the 23s rrna gene revealed that two macrolide-resistant c. coli isolates had adenine-->guanine transitions at position 2059 (a2059g, escheri ...200919014274
survival of campylobacter spp. in bovine faeces on pasture.to determine the survival on pasture of campylobacter spp. naturally present in bovine faeces and compare this with a previously published study using laboratory-cultured campylobacter spp.200919018956
antimicrobial susceptibility profiles and strain type diversity of campylobacter jejuni isolates from turkeys in eastern north carolina.campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common bacterial causes of human gastroenteritis, and recent findings suggest that turkeys are an important reservoir for this organism. in this study, 80 c. jejuni isolates from eastern north carolina were characterized for resistance to nine antimicrobials, and strain types were determined by fla typing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) with smai and kpni, and (for 41 isolates) multilocus sequence typing (mlst). pfge analysis suggested that many o ...200919028914
antimicrobial susceptibility profiles and strain type diversity of campylobacter jejuni isolates from turkeys in eastern north carolina.campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common bacterial causes of human gastroenteritis, and recent findings suggest that turkeys are an important reservoir for this organism. in this study, 80 c. jejuni isolates from eastern north carolina were characterized for resistance to nine antimicrobials, and strain types were determined by fla typing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) with smai and kpni, and (for 41 isolates) multilocus sequence typing (mlst). pfge analysis suggested that many o ...200919028914
quantifying transmission of campylobacter jejuni in commercial broiler flocks.since meat from poultry colonized with campylobacter spp. is a major cause of bacterial gastroenteritis, human exposure should be reduced by, among other things, prevention of colonization of broiler flocks. to obtain more insight into possible sources of introduction of campylobacter into broiler flocks, it is essential to estimate the moment that the first bird in a flock is colonized. if the rate of transmission within a flock were known, such an estimate could be determined from the change i ...200919047389
quantifying transmission of campylobacter jejuni in commercial broiler flocks.since meat from poultry colonized with campylobacter spp. is a major cause of bacterial gastroenteritis, human exposure should be reduced by, among other things, prevention of colonization of broiler flocks. to obtain more insight into possible sources of introduction of campylobacter into broiler flocks, it is essential to estimate the moment that the first bird in a flock is colonized. if the rate of transmission within a flock were known, such an estimate could be determined from the change i ...200919047389
genes and molecules of lactobacilli supporting probiotic action.lactobacilli have been crucial for the production of fermented products for centuries. they are also members of the mutualistic microbiota present in the human gastrointestinal and urogenital tract. recently, increasing attention has been given to their probiotic, health-promoting capacities. many human intervention studies demonstrating health effects have been published. however, as not all studies resulted in positive outcomes, scientific interest arose regarding the precise mechanisms of act ...200819052326
helicobacter pylori hopq outer membrane protein attenuates bacterial adherence to gastric epithelial cells.helicobacter pylori genomes contain about 30 hop genes that encode outer membrane proteins. helicobacter pylori hopq alleles exhibit a high level of genetic diversity, and two families of hopq alleles have been described. type i hopq alleles are found more commonly in cag-positive h. pylori strains from patients with peptic ulcer disease than in cag-negative strains from patients without ulcer disease. in this study, we mutated hopq in four h. pylori strains that each contained a type i hopq all ...200819065710
campylobacter and arcobacter species sensitivity to commercial orange oil fractions.seven orange oil fractions were screened for their ability to inhibit the growth of selected campylobacter and arcobacter spp. using the standard agar-disk diffusion assay. cold pressed (cp) terpeneless valencia orange oil was found to be the most inhibitory to both campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli, exhibiting maximum zones of inhibition up to 80+/-0.0 mm. five-fold concentrated valencia oil and distilled d-limonene resulted in campylobacter inhibition zones ranging from 11.0+/-1.4 to ...200919070381
evidence of cross-contamination by campylobacter spp. of broiler carcasses using genetic characterization of isolates.campylobacter is recognized as one of the leading cause of gastroenteritis worldwide, and is frequently isolated from the small intestines and ceca microflora of chickens. twenty-one out of 81 campylobacter-positive poultry flocks were selected to evaluate the genetic diversity of campylobacter isolates and to study the distribution of genotypes among flocks. campylobacter isolates recovered from chicken carcasses and ceca were analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). little diversit ...200819086371
[annual changes in antimicrobial susceptibility of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolated from acute diarrheic patients].two hundred thirty-one campylobacter were isolated from acute diarrheic patients between january 2001 and december 2005. we evaluated annual changes in identified species of campylobacter and their susceptibilities against antibiotics. campylobacter jejuni (219 strains; 94.8%) and campylobacter coli (12 strains; 5.2%) were identified to the species. susceptibilities to four antimicrobial agents, minocycline (mino), levofloxacin (lvfx), erythromycin (em) and clindamycin (cldm) were examined. the ...200819086420
trends of norfloxacin and erythromycin resistance of campylobacter jejuni/campylobacter coli isolates recovered from international travelers, 1994 to 2006.campylobacter sp. is a major cause of bacterial enterocolitis and travelers' diarrhea. empiric treatment regimens include fluoroquinolones and macrolides.200819090796
[incidence of the virulence markers iam in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli strains isolated from poultry carcases].previously found dna sequence (iam), correlated with the invasiveness of campylobacter strains, became a starting point for present investigation. main goal of this study was to isolate number of campylobacter strains from chicken carcasses, to determine their taxonomic position and to establish the presence of iam sequence in their genoms. it was found, that invasion associated marker is present in all campylobacter coli strains and in majority but not all campylobacter jejuni. this may confirm ...200419097580
antimicrobial resistance in selected bacteria from poultry.this paper reviews the present state of antimicrobial resistance (amr) in the zoonotic bacteria salmonella, campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli, and in escherichia coli from chickens and turkeys. for salmonella, the frequencies and patterns of amr vary depending on time, region, serovar, the particular farm, layers versus broilers, and the antimicrobial agent. there is usually a higher frequency of amr in salmonella from turkeys compared with salmonella from chickens. clonal and horizont ...200819102788
antimicrobial activity of prulifloxacin tested against a worldwide collection of gastroenteritis-producing pathogens, including those causing traveler's diarrhea.prulifloxacin, the prodrug of ulifloxacin (active component), is a newer fluoroquinolone with broad activity against enteric and nonenteric gram-negative bacilli. ulifloxacin and other oral comparator agents were tested for activity against 582 gastroenteritis strains from global surveillance studies. ulifloxacin was highly active against escherichia coli, salmonella spp., shigella spp., yersinia spp., vibrio spp., aeromonas spp., and plesiomonas spp. (mic(50)s and mic(90)s, <or=0.03 microg/ml a ...200919114678
antimicrobial activity of prulifloxacin tested against a worldwide collection of gastroenteritis-producing pathogens, including those causing traveler's diarrhea.prulifloxacin, the prodrug of ulifloxacin (active component), is a newer fluoroquinolone with broad activity against enteric and nonenteric gram-negative bacilli. ulifloxacin and other oral comparator agents were tested for activity against 582 gastroenteritis strains from global surveillance studies. ulifloxacin was highly active against escherichia coli, salmonella spp., shigella spp., yersinia spp., vibrio spp., aeromonas spp., and plesiomonas spp. (mic(50)s and mic(90)s, <or=0.03 microg/ml a ...200919114678
campylobacter enteritis in children in northern taiwan--a 7-year experience.campylobacter infection is recognized as a major cause of acute enteritis in humans. the clinical characteristics may vary in different countries. this study investigated the clinical manifestations of pediatric campylobacter enteritis in a medical center in northern taiwan.200819122923
diversity and habitat specificity of free-living protozoa in commercial poultry houses.despite stringent biosecurity measures, infections by bacterial food pathogens such as campylobacter are a recurrent problem in industrial poultry houses. as the main transmission route remains unclear, persistence of these infections has been linked to bacterial survival and possibly multiplication within protozoan vectors. to date, however, virtually no information is available on the diversity and occurrence of free-living protozoa in these environments. using a combination of microscopic ana ...200919124593
structures of acrr and cmer: insight into the mechanisms of transcriptional repression and multi-drug recognition in the tetr family of regulators.the transcriptional regulators of the tetr family act as chemical sensors to monitor the cellular environment in many bacterial species. to perform this function, members of the tetr family harbor a diverse ligand-binding domain capable of recognizing the same series of compounds as the transporters they regulate. many of the regulators can be induced by a wide array of structurally unrelated compounds. binding of these structurally unrelated ligands to the regulator results in a conformational ...200919130905
structures of acrr and cmer: insight into the mechanisms of transcriptional repression and multi-drug recognition in the tetr family of regulators.the transcriptional regulators of the tetr family act as chemical sensors to monitor the cellular environment in many bacterial species. to perform this function, members of the tetr family harbor a diverse ligand-binding domain capable of recognizing the same series of compounds as the transporters they regulate. many of the regulators can be induced by a wide array of structurally unrelated compounds. binding of these structurally unrelated ligands to the regulator results in a conformational ...200919130905
comparison of loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay and conventional culture methods for detection of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in naturally contaminated chicken meat samples.we investigated the efficacy of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay for detection of chicken meat samples naturally contaminated with campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. a total of 144 preston enrichment broth cultures from chicken meat samples were assessed by using the lamp assay and conventional culture methods, which consist of a combination of preston enrichment culturing and plating onto butzler and modified charcoal cefoperazone deoxycholate agars. compared with ...200919139242
oxidative stress-induced peptidoglycan deacetylase in helicobacter pylori.structural modification of peptidoglycan (pg) is one of the mechanisms that pathogenic bacteria use to evade the host innate immune system. for the noninvasive human gastric pathogen helicobacter pylori, pg delivery to the host cells is one trigger of the immune response. h. pylori hp310 was markedly up-expressed upon cell exposure to oxidative stress. however, disruption of hp310 did not produce a phenotype distinguishable from the parent, including oxidative stress resistance characteristics. ...200919147492
recombineering reveals a diverse collection of ribosomal proteins l4 and l22 that confer resistance to macrolide antibiotics.mutations in ribosomal proteins l4 and l22 confer resistance to erythromycin and other macrolide antibiotics in a variety of bacteria. l4 and l22 have elongated loops whose tips converge in the peptide exit tunnel near the macrolide-binding site, and resistance mutations typically affect residues within these loops. here, we used bacteriophage lambda red-mediated recombination, or "recombineering," to uncover new l4 and l22 alleles that confer macrolide resistance in escherichia coli. we randomi ...200919150357
a dnase encoded by integrated element cjie1 inhibits natural transformation of campylobacter jejuni.the species campylobacter jejuni is considered naturally competent for dna uptake and displays strong genetic diversity. nevertheless, nonnaturally transformable strains and several relatively stable clonal lineages exist. in the present study, the molecular mechanism responsible for the nonnatural transformability of a subset of c. jejuni strains was investigated. comparative genome hybridization indicated that c. jejuni mu-like prophage integrated element 1 (cjie1) was more abundant in nonnatu ...200919151136
identification of novel carbohydrate modifications on campylobacter jejuni 11168 flagellin using metabolomics-based approaches.it is well known that the flagellin of campylobacter jejuni is extensively glycosylated by pseudaminic acid and the related acetamindino derivative, in addition to flagellin glycosylation being essential for motility and colonization of host cells. recently, the use of metabolomics permitted the unequivocal characterization of unique flagellin modifications in campylobacter, including novel legionaminic acid sugars in campylobacter coli, which had been impossible to ascertain in earlier studies ...200919154343
severe diarrhoea caused by highly ciprofloxacin-susceptible campylobacter isolates.the impact of fluoroquinolone resistance of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolates on the outcome of the disease in sporadic campylobacter infections of finnish individuals was studied. questionnaires were sent, during a 6-month study period, to patients who were stool culture-positive for campylobacter spp. in total, 192 returned questionnaires were analysed and assessed, together with the susceptibility data of the respective bacterial isolates. only one (2%) of the domestic, but ...200919154485
occurrence and characterization of campylobacter in the brazilian production and processing of broilers.twenty-two commercial broiler flocks and their carcasses, totaling 546 samples (450 collected from a poultry farm and 96 from a slaughterhouse), were surveyed for the presence of campylobacter. the positive results for campylobacter among the analyzed samples were homogeneous, yielding 81.8% for cecal droppings, 80.9% for feces, and 80.4% for cloacal swabs. pre-enrichment and direct plating showed that 77.85% and 81.8% of cloacal swabs, respectively, were positive for campylobacter compared to 9 ...200819166063
thermophilic campylobacter spp. in danish broiler production: a cross-sectional survey and a retrospective analysis of risk factors for occurrence in broiler flocks.in order to elucidate the rate of thermophilic campylobacter spp. carriage in danish broiler production and to identify risk factors for occurrence of campylobacter in broiler flocks, a total of 88 randomly selected broiler flocks were tested for campylobacter infection, and a subsequent study of risk factors based on a questionnaire was conducted. the sample material comprised cloacal swabs from live birds before slaughter, and neck skin samples from carcasses at the end of the processing line. ...200019184798
[determination of sensitivity to antibiotics of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolated from human feces].one of the most important bacterial zoonosis is campylobacteriosis. human disease is mostly caused by thermophilic campylobacter spp: campylobacter jejuni (c. jejuni), campylobacter coli (c. coli), campylobacter lari (c. lari) and campylobacter upsakensis (campsalensis). campylobacteriosis is a mild and self-healing disorder. in patients with more severe and prolonged forms, an antibiotic treatment is recommended. recommended drugsare erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, tetracyclin, chloramphenicol and ...200919195264
prevalence of virulence-associated genes and cytolethal distending toxin production in campylobacter spp. isolated in italy.the prevalence of virulence and cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) genes and the cytotoxic activity in vero and hep-2 cells was estimated in 29 campylobacter jejuni and 36 campylobacter coli from foods, animals and humans isolates. all c. jejuni showed flaa, cadf, cdta, cdtb, cdtc and cdt cluster genes fragments, except for ceue (86.2%) and cdt genes (93.1%). amongst c. coli strains, a lower prevalence of ceue gene (83.3%) was detected than that for cdta, cdtb, cdtc genes (97.2%), cdt gene cluste ...201019195703
erythromycin resistance by l4/l22 mutations and resistance masking by drug efflux pump deficiency.we characterized the effects of classical erythromycin resistance mutations in ribosomal proteins l4 and l22 of the large ribosomal subunit on the kinetics of erythromycin binding. our data are consistent with a mechanism in which the macrolide erythromycin enters and exits the ribosome through the nascent peptide exit tunnel, and suggest that these mutations both impair passive transport through the tunnel and distort the erythromycin-binding site. the growth-inhibitory action of erythromycin w ...200919197244
inter- and intra-genomic heterogeneity of the intervening sequence in the 23s ribosomal rna gene of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli.an intervening sequence (ivs) can be present or absent in the 23s rrna of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. as part of a survey, we used a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay to detect the presence of the ivs in 43 isolates of c. coli and 82 isolates of c. jejuni. an ivs was present in 40 (93.0%) of the c. coli and only 34 (41.5%) of the c. jejuni isolates. twelve (27.9%) of the c. coli isolates and seven (8.5%) of the c. jejuni isolates resulted in two polymerase chain reaction pro ...200919201124
prevalence of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in market-weight turkeys on-farm and at slaughter.to monitor the effects of feed withdrawal on the prevalence of campylobacter, market-weight turkeys from six farms were examined before and after perimarketing events (feed withdrawal, transport, and holding at the slaughterhouse). prior to transport, birds (n = 30 per farm) were slaughtered on-farm, and viscera (crops, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon, ceca, gallbladder, and spleen) were removed on the premises. within ca. 48 h, cohorts (n = 30 per farm) from the same flock were transported to a ...200919205462
genetic diversity of campylobacter on broiler carcasses collected preevisceration and postchill in 17 u.s. poultry processing plants.campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli are the most important human enteropathogens among the campylobacters. the objective of this study was to determine how diversity in campylobacter populations found on chicken carcasses collected from 17 broiler processing plants in the united states is impacted by processing. genetic diversity was determined for up to four isolates per carcass by sequencing the short variable region (svr) of the flaa locus. on 70% of campylobacter-positive carcasses, ...200919205463
genotyping of campylobacter coli isolated from humans and retail meats using multilocus sequence typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.to determine the antimicrobial resistant profiles and clonality of campylobacter coli isolated from clinically ill humans and retail meats.200919226383
a pan-european survey of antimicrobial susceptibility towards human-use antimicrobial drugs among zoonotic and commensal enteric bacteria isolated from healthy food-producing animals.the aim of the study was to study antimicrobial susceptibility in escherichia coli, salmonella, campylobacter and enterococcus recovered from chickens, pigs and cattle using uniform methodology.200919233897
roles of lipooligosaccharide and capsular polysaccharide in antimicrobial resistance and natural transformation of campylobacter jejuni.this study is aimed to determine the role of capsular polysaccharide (cps) and lipooligosaccharide (los) in modulating antimicrobial resistance and natural transformation of campylobacter jejuni, an important food-borne human pathogen.200919147521
evaluation of procedures for outer membrane isolation from campylobacter jejuni.although infection with campylobacter jejuni is one of the leading causes of gastroenteritis worldwide, relatively little is known about the factors that are required to elicit a protective immune response. the need for a vaccine against this pathogen is well recognized and a number of vaccine candidates have been tested with varying degrees of success; however, there is still a lack of a suitable vaccine. to gain a better understanding of the outer-membrane protein components of this organism, ...200919246768
antibiotic resistance in campylobacter: emergence, transmission and persistence.campylobacter is a leading foodborne bacterial pathogen, which causes gastroenteritis in humans. this pathogenic organism is increasingly resistant to antibiotics, especially fluoroquinolones and macrolides, which are the most frequently used antimicrobials for the treatment of campylobacteriosis when clinical therapy is warranted. as a zoonotic pathogen, campylobacter has a broad animal reservoir and infects humans via contaminated food, water or milk. antibiotic usage in both animal agricultur ...200919257846
attribution of campylobacter infections in northeast scotland to specific sources by use of multilocus sequence typing.we show that a higher incidence of campylobacteriosis is found in young children (age, <5 years) living in rural, compared with urban, areas. association of this difference with particular animal sources was evaluated using multilocus sequence typing. this evaluation was achieved by comparing campylobacter isolates originating from these children, retail poultry, and a range of animal sources by use of source attribution and phylogenetic analysis methods. the results indicate that chicken is a m ...200919265482
campylobacter genotypes from food animals, environmental sources and clinical disease in scotland 2005/6.a nationwide multi-locus sequence typing (mlst) survey was implemented to analyze patterns of host association among campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolates from clinical disease in scotland (july 2005-september 2006), food animals (chickens, cattle, sheep, pigs and turkey), non-food animals (wild birds) and the environment. sequence types (sts) were determined for 5247 clinical isolates and 999 from potential disease sources (augmented with 2420 published sts). certain sts were ove ...200919269051
campylobacter genotyping to determine the source of human infection.campylobacter species cause a high proportion of bacterial gastroenteritis cases and are a significant burden on health care systems and economies worldwide; however, the relative contributions of the various possible sources of infection in humans are unclear.200919275496
the cmp-legionaminic acid pathway in campylobacter: biosynthesis involving novel gdp-linked precursors.the sialic acid-like sugar 5,7-diacetamido-3,5,7,9-tetradeoxy-d-glycero-d-galacto-nonulosonic acid, or legion-aminic acid, is found as a virulence-associated cell-surface glycoconjugate in the gram-negative bacteria legionella pneumophila and campylobacter coli. l. pneumophila serogroup 1 strains, causative agents of legionnaire's disease, contain an alpha2,4-linked homopolymer of legionaminic acid within their lipopolysaccharide o-chains, whereas the gastrointestinal pathogen c. coli modifies i ...200919282391
molecular epidemiology and characterization of campylobacter spp. isolated from wild bird populations in northern england.campylobacter infections have been reported at prevalences ranging from 2 to 50% in a range of wild bird species, although there have been few studies that have investigated the molecular epidemiology of campylobacter spp. consequently, whether wild birds are a source of infection in humans or domestic livestock or are mainly recipients of domestic animal strains and whether separate cycles of infection occur remain unknown. to address these questions, serial cross-sectional surveys of wild bird ...200919286781
regulation of superoxide dismutase (sod) genes by sara in staphylococcus aureus.the scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ros) within cells is regulated by several interacting factors, including transcriptional regulators. involvement of sara family genes in the regulation of proteins involved in the scavenging of ros is largely unknown. in this report, we show that under aerobic conditions, the levels of sodm and soda transcription, in particular the sodm transcript, are markedly enhanced in the sara mutant among the tested sara family mutants. increased levels of sod exp ...200919286803
independent evolution of neurotoxin and flagellar genetic loci in proteolytic clostridium botulinum.proteolytic clostridium botulinum is the causative agent of botulism, a severe neuroparalytic illness. given the severity of botulism, surprisingly little is known of the population structure, biology, phylogeny or evolution of c. botulinum. the recent determination of the genome sequence of c. botulinum has allowed comparative genomic indexing using a dna microarray.200919298644
campylobacter jejuni glycosylation island important in cell charge, legionaminic acid biosynthesis, and colonization of chickens.previously, we identified five genes (cj1321 to cj1326, of which cj1325 and cj1326 are a single gene) in the o-linked flagellin glycosylation island that are highly prevalent in campylobacter jejuni isolates from chickens. we report mutagenesis, functional, and structural data to confirm that this locus, and cj1324 in particular, has a significant contributory role in the colonization of chickens by c. jejuni. a motile deltacj1324 mutant with intact flagella was considerably less hydrophobic and ...200919307210
incidence and risk factors for community-acquired acute gastroenteritis in north-west germany in 2004.in developed countries, acute gastroenteritis (age) is a major source of morbidity. however, only a few studies have estimated its incidence and the associated medical burden. this population-based study determined the incidence of community-acquired age patients seeking medical care and the relative role of various pathogens. stool samples from patients with age presenting to a general practitioner (gp), pediatrician, or specialist in internal medicine for that reason were screened for various ...200919319582
survival at refrigeration and freezing temperatures of campylobacter coli and campylobacter jejuni on chicken skin applied as axenic and mixed inoculums.campylobacter is considered to be the most common cause of bacterial diarrhoeal illness in the developed world. many cases are thought to be acquired from consumption of undercooked poultry. the aim of this study was to compare the effect of the rate of cooling on the survival, at 4 degrees c and -20 degrees c, of campylobacter coli and campylobacter jejuni strains, inoculated on chicken skin from axenic culture or as mixed inoculums. strains chilled in a domestic refrigerator varied in their to ...200919324444
temporal patterns and risk factors for escherichia coli o157 and campylobacter spp, in young cattle.escherichia coli o157 and campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli are zoonotic pathogens originating from farm animals. cattle are the main reservoir for e. coli o157 and also contribute to human cases of campylobacteriosis through contaminated milk, direct contact, and environmental contamination. thirty groups of young cattle on 30 farms were observed for 7 months and sampled on 4 to 6 separate occasions for e. coli o157 and c. jejuni/coli to characterize shedding patterns and identify ris ...200919343935
comparative studies of campylobacter jejuni genomic diversity reveal the importance of core and dispensable genes in the biology of this enigmatic food-borne pathogen.mlst, dna microarrays, and genome sequencing has allowed for a greater understanding of the metabolic capacity and epidemiology of campylobacter jejuni. while strain-specific genes may provide an isolate a selective advantage in environments and contribute to the organism's pathogenicity, recent work indicates that c. jejuni pathogenicity is dictated by variations in the nucleotide sequence of core genes. challenges facing c. jejuni researchers include determining (a) the degree to which genomic ...200919346123
campylobacter colonization of the turkey intestine in the context of microbial community development.patterns of microbial community dynamics in the turkey intestine were examined. every week of the 18-week production cycle, cecal bacterial communities and campylobacter loads were examined from five birds for each of two flocks. molecular fingerprinting via the automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (arisa) and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (t-rflp) of the cecal samples revealed that microbial communities changed in a time-dependent manner, and during both trials the ...200919346343
a longitudinal study of campylobacter distribution in a turkey production chain.campylobacter is the most common cause of bacterial enteritis worldwide. handling and eating of contaminated poultry meat has considered as one of the risk factors for human campylobacteriosis. campylobacter contamination can occur at all stages of a poultry production cycle. the objective of this study was to determine the occurrence of campylobacter during a complete turkey production cycle which lasts for 1,5 years of time. for detection of campylobacter, a conventional culture method was com ...200919348687
functional characterization of excision repair and reca-dependent recombinational dna repair in campylobacter jejuni.the presence and functionality of dna repair mechanisms in campylobacter jejuni are largely unknown. in silico analysis of the complete translated genome of c. jejuni nctc 11168 suggests the presence of genes involved in methyl-directed mismatch repair (mmr), nucleotide excision repair, base excision repair (ber), and recombinational repair. to assess the functionality of these putative repair mechanisms in c. jejuni, muts, uvrb, ung, and reca knockout mutants were constructed and analyzed for t ...200919376866
[evaluation of usefulness of commercial recomwell campylobacter enzyme--linked immunosorbent assays for routine serodiagnosis of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli infections].the commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa recomwell campylobacter) from mikrogen was evaluated for the diagnosis of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli infections. serum samples from 20 healthy controls, 44 persons with symptoms of primary campylobacter infection and 24 serum samples from patients with yersinia enterocolitica or salmonella infections were tested. this elisa assay detects iga and igg antibodies against three recombinant antigens of the campyloba ...200819382600
Displaying items 1301 - 1400 of 2341