Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| evidence for spirochetal origin of sudeck's atrophy (algodystrophy, reflex sympathetic dystrophy). | four female patients with sudeck's atrophy (sa) were evaluated at our department. sera of all patients were investigated for antibodies against borrelia burgdorferi. in all patients elevated igg antibody titers and in one patient also elevated igm titer were found. in one patient structures identical with b. burgdorferi could be detected on histological sections from the skin of the affected limb. our data and those of other authors suggest that a spirochetal infection can be regarded as an impo ... | 1989 | 2476974 |
| bilateral keratitis in lyme disease. | lyme disease, caused by the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi, has ophthalmic manifestations. the authors describe two cases of lyme keratitis characterized by multiple focal, nebular opacities at varying levels of the stroma which may progress to edema, neovascularization, and scarring. close observation, in addition to systemic antibiotic therapy, may be sufficient if the visual axis is not involved, and the patient is asymptomatic. | 1989 | 2477779 |
| molecular mimicry and lyme borreliosis: a shared antigenic determinant between borrelia burgdorferi and human tissue. | the pathogenesis of chronic manifestations in lyme borreliosis, a disease induced by borrelia burgdorferi, is at present unresolved. by testing monoclonal antibodies directed against various borrelia antigens, we found an antigenic determinant shared by the 41 kda flagella protein and human tissue, especially prominent on myelinated fibers of human peripheral nerve, on nerve cells and axons of the central nervous system, as well as on certain epithelial cells (including joint synovia) and on hea ... | 1989 | 2481425 |
| structural features of borrelia burgdorferi--the lyme disease spirochete: silver staining for nucleic acids. | borrelia burgdorferi--the lyme disease spirochete--was grown in modified kelly medium and characterized by transmission and by scanning electron microscopy. using silver staining procedures which preferentially bind to nuclear components of eukaryotic cells, signal could be detected by backscattered electron imaging throughout the length of the prokaryotic spirochete. interestingly, however, the highest levels of backscattered signal were observed in naturally elaborated membrane blebs that were ... | 1989 | 2482525 |
| [lymphocytic meningoradiculitis (bannwarth's syndrome). neurologic involvement of lyme disease]. | we describe a patient with lyme's disease who showed neurologic symptoms of meningoradiculitis (bannwarth's syndrome) and had no previous history of exposure to tick bite or chronic erythema migrans. he had longterm fever and bilateral facial paralysis. antibody titres for borrelia burgdorferi in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) were increased. the csf changes showed an intrathecal production of immunoglobulins (presence of plasmatic cells and immunoblasts; igg-csf: igg-serum ratio much highe ... | 1989 | 2490177 |
| [prevalence of antibodies against borrelia burgdorferi among the population of seville]. | in order to determine the prevalence of antibodies against borrelia burgdorferi in the area of sevilla, we have studied 300 healthy subjects of different age and sex groups by means of iif. of the 300 studied sera, only 4% had antibodies at titers greater than or equal to 1:16, a fact that shows the low prevalence of antibodies against this microorganism in the area. such titers were mainly found among subjects over 40 years (p less than 0.001). | 1989 | 2490479 |
| [new advances in rheumatology]. | (1) molecular pharmacology which is a starting to reach the market place, what is expected to be the next big step in the biotechnology revolution: the creation of complex compounds that are custom-designed to meet human needs. the new technology known as protein engineering promises to take us one step further by modifying natural proteins or by creating new ones especially by using somatic gene transfer and germ gene transfer and its influence on progeny. by doing this we hope to control some ... | 1989 | 2491405 |
| autoimmunity in lyme disease: molecular cloning of antigens recognized by antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid. | in inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (cns), oligoclonal bands of immunoglobulin with restricted heterogeneity can often be observed in cerebrospinal fluid (csf) samples. these antibodies can be directed against the disease inducing pathogen or might be autoreactive and involved in the process of brain inflammation and demyelination. we used a molecular biology approach to characterize these antibody responses in patients with lyme disease. this disorder is caused by infections w ... | 1989 | 2491615 |
| another swedish family with complete properdin deficiency: association with fulminant meningococcal disease in one male family member. | inherited deficiency of the complement component properdin is described in a swedish family without any previous history of meningococcal infections. the properdin-deficient index patient died from a fulminant infection caused by neisseria meningitidis serogroup y. family investigation revealed properdin deficiency in the patient's half-brother and in the maternal grandfather. the half-brother had a history of pneumococcal pneumonia and meningitis probably caused by borrelia burgdorferi. opsonic ... | 1989 | 2502833 |
| infected ticks feeding on persons in areas endemic for lyme disease and rocky mountain spotted fever. | 1989 | 2507649 | |
| prevalence of antibody indicating lyme disease in farmers in wigtownshire. | 1989 | 2510849 | |
| clinical and microbiologic findings in six patients with erythema migrans of lyme disease. | the clinical course of six patients with erythema migrans of lyme disease was viewed in the context of antibiotic susceptibility studies of their own borrelia burgdorferi isolates. an initial poor response by two patients to antibiotic therapy suggested the possibility of b. burgdorferi resistance to these agents. minimum bactericidal concentration determinations of eight antimicrobial agents against these isolates did not support this suggestion. | 1989 | 2511231 |
| comparison of western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of lyme borreliosis. | the usefulness of western blot in the serological diagnosis of lyme borreliosis was evaluated compared with an elisa using a whole cell sonicate antigen. fifty-three of 68 (78%) patients with neuroborreliosis had positive igm and/or igg immunoblots and 40 of 68 (59%) had positive igm and/or igg elisa titers in serum. eight of 44 (18%) controls with meningitis/encephalitis of non-borrelia etiology had positive igm and/or igg immunoblots and 4 of 44 (9%) had positive igm and/or igg elisa titers in ... | 1989 | 2512131 |
| prevalence of antibody indicating lyme disease in farmers in wigtownshire. | 1989 | 2513072 | |
| prevalence of antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi in forestry workers and blood donors from the same region in switzerland. | sera from 259 forestry workers and 100 blood donors in the canton of solothurn, switzerland, were tested for igg antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi in two eias using as antigen either sonic extract of whole organisms or purified flagella. applying a 95% specific cut-off value based on results in the sera of 100 blood donors, 86 (33%) and 91 (35%) of the forestry workers respectively showed an elevated specific igg level in the two eias. none of the 259 forestry workers had clinical signs of acti ... | 1989 | 2513202 |
| a serological survey of ehrlichia canis, ehrlichia equi, rickettsia rickettsii, and borrelia burgdorferi in dogs in oklahoma. | serum samples from 259 dogs were tested for antibodies to ehrlichia canis, ehrlichia equi, rickettsia rickettsii, and borrelia burgdorferi using the indirect fluorescent antibody test. the sera were obtained from submissions to the oklahoma animal disease diagnostic laboratory during a 14-month period from june 1986 through july 1987. the rate for positive antibody titers to e. canis was 53%, to e. equi was 33%, to r. rickettsii was 38%, and to b. burgdorferi was 18%. higher percentages of sera ... | 1989 | 2518693 |
| [isolation of borrelia burgdorferi in the cerebrospinal fluid in a patient treated with penicillin]. | 1989 | 2524738 | |
| ocular disease in caribbean patients with serologic evidence of lyme borreliosis. | four patients from caribbean and central american countries with ocular disease and serologic evidence of lyme borreliosis are discussed. to our knowledge this is the first report of lyme disease from this geographic area. two patients exhibited ocular inflammatory disease, and two patients developed optic neuropathy. a brief discussion of lyme borreliosis, its serologic diagnosis, and its treatment is presented. | 1989 | 2526160 |
| panuveitis with positive serological tests for syphilis and lyme disease. | the treponema pallidum hemagglutination test and the fluorescent treponemal antigen absorption test are commonly considered highly specific serologic tests for syphilis. we describe a patient with panuveitis and a positive serologic result for syphilis; however, in the absence of clinical findings, additional tests for lyme disease (borreliosis) were positive as well, although by western blot test the diagnosis was tentative. the clinical appearance of the panuveitis was similar to that of syphi ... | 1989 | 2526161 |
| the prevalence of lyme disease in a nonendemic area. a comparative serologic study in a south florida eye clinic population. | serologic tests for lyme borreliosis and for syphilis were performed on 75 patients seen in a 1-week period at the bascom palmer eye institute in miami. the incident of syphilis was 8% and of lyme borreliosis 3% in this study in a nonendemic area. the most common cause for a high titer serologic response for lyme borreliosis in this group was a prior treponema pallidum infection. the importance of getting vdrl, fta-abs, lyme ifa, and lyme elisa tests in all suspected cases was emphasized. | 1989 | 2529271 |
| reversible horner's syndrome and lyme disease. | neurologic manifestations of lyme disease are common, often debilitating, and potentially treatable. we document a case of borrelia infection of the nervous system manifesting as a reversible horner's syndrome. the search for lyme disease should be part of the evaluation of an isolated central or preganglionic horner's syndrome or any unexplained pupillary abnormality. | 1989 | 2531158 |
| lyme neuroborreliosis: central nervous system manifestations. | we evaluated 85 patients with serologic evidence of borrelia burgdorferi infection. manifestations included encephalopathy (41), neuropathy (27), meningitis (2), multiple sclerosis (ms) (6), and psychiatric disorders (3). we performed lumbar punctures in 53, brain mri in 33, and evoked potentials (eps) in 33. only patients with an ms-like illness had abnormal eps, elevated igg index, and oligoclonal bands in the cerebrospinal fluid. twelve of 18 patients with encephalopathy, meningitis, or focal ... | 1989 | 2542840 |
| comparative antimicrobial activity of the new macrolides against borrelia burgdorferi. | the in vitro and in vivo activity of the new macrolides azithromycin, clarithromycin and roxythromycin was compared with that of erythromycin against borrelia burgdorferi. in in vitro tests using ten clinical isolates all macrolides were highly active against borrelia burgdorferi (mic90 0.015-0.06 micrograms/ml). azithromycin was more potent than the other macrolides in experimental animal infection, eradicating the organism in all animals tested at a dosage of 8 mg/kg. | 1989 | 2550233 |
| treatment of lyme borreliosis. | the infectious process of lyme disease can appear as chronic dermatologic, rheumatologic, or neurologic. to rationally select a treatment regimen, the physician must have an appreciation of the clinical manifestations of the illness and of the systemic nature of the infection. the authors discuss the proper treatment protocols for each stage in the progression of lyme disease. | 1989 | 2555849 |
| restriction endonuclease analysis of four borrelia burgdorferi strains. | a restriction endonuclease analysis was performed on four strains of borrelia burgdorferi: one isolated from man (sf), one from ixodes dammini (b31) and two from i. ricinus (bits in italy and b45 in germany). digestion by taq i and hae iii gave the best resolution of the dna fragments. three different restriction patterns were obtained: bits and b45 showed only one band difference. these results correlate with the reactivity of the four strains with monoclonal antibodies. | 1989 | 2560664 |
| hearing impairment in patients with antibody production against borrelia burgdorferi antigen. | this study aimed to evaluate the extent to which hearing disorders may be a result of tick-borne borrelia burgdorferi infection. 98 patients with different patterns of hearing dysfunction were studied. the patients had a history of sudden hearing loss, disorders similar to menière's disease, or hearing loss in combination with acute facial palsy or with vertigo. serum antibodies against the b burgdorferi antigen were determined during the acute and convalescent periods. 17 patients (17%) showed ... | 1989 | 2563002 |
| lyme disease: prevalence and clinical importance of borrelia burgdorferi specific igg in forestry workers. | 41 forestry workers, who had a high occupational risk of tick-bites, were screened for antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi by elisa and western blotting techniques, and questioned about possible symptoms of lyme disease. antibodies were detected in 10 of the 40 men who had been bitten by ticks. definite symptoms of lyme disease, in the form of erythema migrans, were reported by only 2 workers and none had a history of neurological illness. | 1989 | 2563850 |
| antibodies to the borrelia burgdorferi flagellum in patients with scleroderma, granuloma annulare and porphyria cutanea tarda. | it is generally accepted that cutaneous lyme borreliosis comprises erythema chronicum migrans, lymphadenosis benigna cutis, and acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans. in recent years the tick-borne spirochete borrelia burgdorferi has been associated with a number of other cutaneous disorders. we therefore investigated sera from 175 patients with localized scleroderma (morphea) (n = 64), systemic sclerosis (n = 74), granuloma annulare (n = 16) and porphyria cutanea tarda (n = 21) with the new, high ... | 1989 | 2564227 |
| borrelia burgdorferi infection in uk workers at risk of tick bites. | 1989 | 2564599 | |
| characterization of borrelia burgdorferi isolates by restriction endonuclease analysis and dna hybridization. | genomes of several borrelia burgdorferi isolates from north america and europe were characterized by restriction endonuclease analysis and dna hybridization using labeled b. burgdorferi whole-cell dna (strain atcc 35210). several different restriction and homology patterns were observed among these isolates, indicating genotypic heterogeneity within this genus and species. it was concluded from this study that restriction endonuclease analysis of b. burgdorferi whole-cell dna may be a reliable a ... | 1989 | 2566622 |
| predominance of borrelia burgdorferi specific b cells in cerebrospinal fluid in neuroborreliosis. | a nitrocellulose immunospot assay that allows the counting of cells secreting igg, iga, or igm antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi was used to compare b cell response to b burgdorferi at the cellular level in cerebrospinal fluid (csf) and blood from patients with neuroborreliosis with that in patients with aseptic meningoencephalitis (am) or non-inflammatory neurological diseases. 13 of the 14 patients with untreated neuroborreliosis had csf cells secreting igg antibodies to b burgdorferi (mean 1 ... | 1989 | 2567872 |
| diagnosis of lyme disease. | 1989 | 2568526 | |
| acute neuroborreliosis in a patient previously infected with borrelia burgdorferi. | 1989 | 2569580 | |
| antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi in guillain-barré syndrome. | 1989 | 2570981 | |
| borrelia burgdorferi infection and guillain-barré syndrome. | 1989 | 2571897 | |
| demonstration of antigen-specific t cells and histopathological alterations in mice experimentally inoculated with borrelia burgdorferi. | antigen-specific t-cell responses and histopathological changes were studied in mice experimentally inoculated with borrelia burgdorferi b31. inbred mice with different h-2 haplotypes and/or different genetic backgrounds were inoculated with b. burgdorferi organisms and tested for antigen-specific t-cell responses in vivo (delayed-type hypersensitivity [dth]) and in vitro (t-cell proliferation). comparable dth responses were found after inoculation with either inactivated (in the presence of adj ... | 1989 | 2462540 |
| a specific and sensitive assay for the lyme disease spirochete borrelia burgdorferi using the polymerase chain reaction. | a highly specific and sensitive assay for borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of lyme disease, was developed using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). the target dna sequence was of chromosomal origin and conserved, by hybridization analyses, among all strains of b. burgdorferi tested but was not present in the most closely related member of the genus, b. hermsii. the pcr assay developed from this sequence reacted with 17 of 18 strains of b. burgdorferi but not with any other borrelia spe ... | 1989 | 2584750 |
| [life-threatening encephalomyelitis in the 2d stage of borrelia burgdorferi infection]. | 1989 | 2586693 | |
| cloning and sequencing of the gene encoding the outer surface protein a (ospa) of a european borrelia burgdorferi isolate. | 1989 | 2587225 | |
| lyme disease vector, ixodes dammini, identified in quebec. | 1989 | 2598289 | |
| [two cases of facial diplegia with elevated serum antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi]. | lyme disease, a tick-borne infection with spirochete named borrelia burgdorferi, is a complex multi-organ disorder involving neurological complication. recently, the existence of lyme disease was also recognized in middle japan. we described here two cases of facial diplegia with elevated serum antibodies to b. burgdorferi. case 1 was a 48 year-old man, who developed facial diplegia on april 29, 1987, and referred to our hospital on may 1. neurological examination showed facial diplegia in addit ... | 1989 | 2598542 |
| [meningoencephalomyelitis caused by borrelia burgdorferi: a case without epidemiologic history or chronic migratory erythema]. | a patient is reported with meningoencephalomyelitis with polyradiculitis caused by borrelia burgdorferi infection. neurological features developed without previously known tick bite nor the characteristic skin lesion, chronic migratory erythema (cme). the vector of the disease (the tick ixodes ricinus) exists in spain, but only one case of meningopolyradiculitis with cme has been reported in asturias. our case stresses that b. burgdorferi infection should be suspected in cases of meningoencephal ... | 1989 | 2601480 |
| the relevance of elevated borrelia burgdorferi titres in localized scleroderma. | a 46-year-old man with a 2-year history of localized scleroderma of his right upper arm and elevated borrelia burgdorferi titres is described. the association of borrelia burgdorferi infection and localized scleroderma is discussed. | 1989 | 2605808 |
| frequencies of borrelia burgdorferi-reactive t lymphocytes in lyme arthritis. | using a limiting dilution system, frequencies of borrelia burgdorferi-reactive t cells were determined in the blood and synovial fluid of four patients with chronic lyme arthritis (la), one patient with acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans (aca), two patients with other inflammatory joint diseases, and two healthy individuals. b. burgdorferi-reactive precursor t cells ranged from 1/750 to 1/8220 in case of la and aca patients and from 1/820 to 1/31 400 in case of controls. in vivo activated b. bu ... | 1989 | 2609067 |
| [lyme borreliosis with erythema chronicum migrans and garin-bujadoux-bannwarth meningopolyneuritis]. | a case report is given on a borrelia burgdorferi infection regarded to be typical because of its clinical course and the diagnosis lately made. the meningopolyneuritis was treated by use of corticosteroids before the serologic detection of lyme disease. 21 months after infection our patient died of a colon carcinoma. histological preparation of the brain showed a slight encephalitis we consider as third-stage lyme borreliosis. we conclude that antibacterial therapy is necessary in the management ... | 1989 | 2609703 |
| [investigation of lyme disease in northeast of china]. | in 1987-1988, we conducted investigation of lyme disease in northeast of china. the disease was widespread in the forest areas of heilonjiang and jilin provinces where ixodes persulcatus population thrives. the disease occurred at daqing tree farm where 628 people were inquired and examined among them, 37 cases including 23 cases of ecm, 6 cases of neurological abnormalities, 7 cases of arthritis and 1 case of acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans were confirmed being lyme disease. the sera of pat ... | 1989 | 2611866 |
| lyme disease vector, ixodes dammini, (the northern deer tick) identified in prince edward island. | 1989 | 2611921 | |
| survival of borrelia burgdorferi in antibiotically treated patients with lyme borreliosis. | the persistence of borrelia burgdorferi in patients treated with antibiotics is described. the diagnosis of lyme disease is based on clinical symptoms, epidemiology and specific igg and igm antibody titers to b. burgdorferi in serum. antibiotic therapy may abrogate the antibody response to the infection as shown in our patients. b. burgdorferi may persist as shown by positive culture in mkp-medium; patients may have subclinical or clinical disease without diagnostic antibody titers to b. burgdor ... | 1989 | 2613324 |
| could borrelia burgdorferi be a causal agent of sarcoidosis? | sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disorder of unknown etiology, most commonly affecting young adults presenting most frequently with bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, pulmonary infiltrations, skin or eye lesions (1). borrelia burgdorferi, the causal agent of lyme disease, could also be responsible for sarcoidosis. domestic animals may play a major role in transmitting the disease to humans. the modes of transmission to such animals and possible contact transmission to humans are still ob ... | 1989 | 2615685 |
| [lyme disease in khabarovsk territory]. | the natural foci of lyme's disease with the main vector ix. persulcatus tick have been detected in khabarovsk territory. five b. burgdorferi strains were isolated from the adult unfed ticks of this species, featuring 20% infection rate in the suburbs of khabarovsk. a wide spread of the infection in this territory is demonstrated. the authors describe the typical pattern of early stages of serologically documented disease. | 1989 | 2615716 |
| lyme disease agent in egypt? | 1989 | 2617612 | |
| [lymphadenosis benigna cutis of the mammary areola: lyme borreliosis?]. | this lesion began two months after a tick bite on the left breast, occurring during a trip in karst (highland behind the city of trieste). this area represents an ecological shell for ixodes ricinus, hard tick often infested with borrelia burgdorferi, the aetiological agent of lyme disease. some days after tick-bite, the patient developed a typical ecm of the left breast; this lesion resolved in two months. shortly after, an erythematous, infiltrated nodule appeared on the left areola; ist size ... | 1989 | 2620924 |
| [eye manifestations in borreliosis--bilateral panuveitis with exudative retinal detachment]. | lyme disease, a tick-borne infection with the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi, can lead to various different organ manifestations. severe ocular effects however, have until now been rare. the case of a 20-year-old woman is reported, who developed systemic illness (headache, nausea, vomiting, fever, diarrhea) and severe bilateral panuveitis with exudative retinal detachment about 2-3 weeks after several insect bites. the case history, clinical course, and serological examinations suggest an infec ... | 1989 | 2625295 |
| prevalence of erythema migrans borreliosis in blood donors. | european erythema migrans borreliosis and north american lyme disease are closely related to syphilis. this implicates a potential risk of infection for blood recipients. eighty-six of 3,157 blood donors tested showed igg-antibodies against borrelia burgdorferi. from among 47 persons of this group who could be examined, clinical signs of diseased skin, joints or nervous system, not diagnosed before, were found or could be suspected in 13 cases. since intrauterine transmission of borrelia infecti ... | 1989 | 2625363 |
| [infantile sclero-atrophic lichen and infection caused by borrelia burgdorferi]. | the authors describe a study of 8 girls suffering from genital and perianal lichen sclerosus et atrophicus. following the most recent reports in literature, antibodies against borrelia burgdorferi have been looked for, and the patients have been treated with propicillin. the results are discussed. | 1989 | 2630434 |
| a prospective study of tick bites in an endemic area for lyme disease. | 1989 | 2642519 | |
| lyme disease: of ticks and titers. | 1989 | 2644410 | |
| antibodies to borrelia sp. in wild foxes and coyotes from wisconsin and minnesota. | serum samples from 93 red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and nine gray foxes (urocyon cinereoargenteus) trapped in wisconsin and 23 coyotes (canis latrans) trapped in wisconsin and minnesota were tested for antibodies to borrelia sp. with an indirect fluorescent antibody test which used borrelia burgdorferi as the whole-cell antigen. seven red foxes (8%) and two coyotes (9%) had antibody titers greater than or equal to 1:64. all the positive samples were from areas known to be endemic for human lyme dise ... | 1989 | 2644451 |
| borrelia sp. infection in coyotes, black-tailed jack rabbits and desert cottontails in southern texas. | coyotes (canis latrans) from southern texas were sampled for antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi from 1980 to 1986; black-tailed jack rabbits (lepus californicus) and desert cottontails (sylvilagus audubonii) were sampled in 1986. coyote fetuses, adult coyote kidneys, and black-tailed jack rabbit and desert cottontail kidneys were cultured for b. burgdorferi in 1986. results of indirect immunofluorescent antibody (ifa) tests for b. burgdorferi in coyotes were as follows (number positive at a dilu ... | 1989 | 2644452 |
| experimental inoculation of mallard ducks (anas platyrhynchos platyrhynchos) with borrelia burgdorferi. | birds have been incriminated as disseminaters of borrelia burgdorferi and have the potential to spread the organism over a wide geographic range. borrelia burgdorferi has been isolated from the liver and blood of passerine birds and from ixodes dammini removed from passerines. the objective of this study was to determine if waterfowl, specifically mallards (anas platyrhynchos platyrhynchos), were susceptible to infection with b. burgdorferi. eight ducks were inoculated with b. burgdorferi; four ... | 1989 | 2644453 |
| erythema migrans: a chronicle. | arvid afzelius first described and named erythema migrans (em), a clinical entity that he assumed to be caused by an agent transmitted by the bite of a tick (ixodes reduvius). certain neurologic, cutaneous, and other syndromes observed in europe were recognized in the 1920s and 1930s to be disabling sequelae of em. in the 1940s and 1950s the effectiveness of penicillin as therapy for em was demonstrated. in 1968 the first patient with em and neurologic sequelae in north america benefited from tr ... | 1989 | 2644687 |
| [incidence of the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi in arthropods (arthropoda) and antibodies in vertebrates (vertebrata)]. | the paper summarizes data on hitherto assembled findings of spirochaeta burgdorferi, the causal agent of lyme disease in arthropods and the incidence of antibodies in birds and mammals. the authors evaluate some vectors and reservoir animals, incl. possible carriers. borrelia burgdorferi was found so far in 30 species of arthropoda, 13 species of mites (acarina), 15 species of flies(diptera), two species of fleas (siphonaptera). the role of insects as vectors was not proved so far. antibodies we ... | 1989 | 2646031 |
| the diagnosis of lyme disease: rewards and perils. | 1989 | 2647012 | |
| lyme disease: a review for primary health care providers. | late spring and summer are the times when tick exposure is the greatest. lyme disease, a spirochete infection, usually follows a bite from an ixodes (hard bodied) tick; the symptoms of infection frequently occur between the months of may and august. classically, lyme disease begins with a characteristic skin lesion (erythema chronicum migrans) along with flu- or meningitis-like symptoms. if not recognized or if left untreated, lyme disease may progress with neurologic, cardiac and arthritic mani ... | 1989 | 2648207 |
| third-generation cephalosporins. a plea to save them for specific infections. | third-generation cephalosporins are indicated for treatment of sexually transmitted diseases, resistant salmonellosis, and infections in the febrile leukopenic host. the practicing physician must weigh the expanding role of these agents against their limitations. some potential problems include bleeding (confined to the use of moxalactam [moxam] or cefoperazone [cefobid]), a reaction like that to disulfiram (antabuse) when combined with alcohol (also confined to the use of moxalactam or cefopera ... | 1989 | 2648353 |
| lyme disease. the hidden pandemic. | physicians will recognize lyme disease faster if they maintain a high index of suspicion in a young patient with arthritis accompanied by negative rheumatoid factor and antinuclear antibody in combination with cardiac conduction problems or lymphocytic meningitis. the lyme spirochete (borrelia burgdorferi) has notable sensitivity to tetracycline, penicillin, and erythromycin; therefore, proper and complete treatment of the disease, once it is identified, can be easily achieved. finkel observed t ... | 1989 | 2648375 |
| human necrotizing splenitis caused by borrelia burgdorferi. | a 25-year-old hispanic male presented to the emergency room with complaints of severe left upper quadrant pain. physicians determined that the patient had an acute inflammatory process with a possible diagnosis of splenic abscess. a splenectomy was performed. histologic examination of the tissue sections revealed extensive necrosis and inflammation, but no etiologic agent was discernible. microbiologic cultures of the tissue had negative results. a dieterle silver stain revealed an overwhelming ... | 1989 | 2648803 |
| meningopolyradiculitis (bannwarth syndrome) as primary manifestation of a centrocytic-centroblastic lymphoma. | a 65-year-old female presented with bannwarth's syndrome. symptoms initially responded to antibiotics but soon progressed despite further adequate antibiotic treatment. consistently absent antibody titres to borrelia burgdorferi, repeated csf examinations combined with an extensive search for tumour, revealed leukaemic meningitis secondary to uterine centrocytic-centroblastic lymphoma. the diagnostic steps required to elucidate the aetiology of meningopolyradiculitis, especially when chronic and ... | 1989 | 2651571 |
| efficacy of the urinary bladder for isolation of borrelia burgdorferi from naturally infected, wild peromyscus leucopus. | the efficacy of culturing urinary bladder tissue for borrelia burgdorferi from naturally infected, wild peromyscus leucopus mice was determined. the urinary bladder cultures were as efficient as spleen, kidney, and blood tissue cultures. the rapid b. burgdorferi isolation (mean, 6 days) from mouse urinary bladders should aid in defining new lyme disease foci. | 1989 | 2656749 |
| [neurologic manifestations of lyme borreliosis]. | the authors report on recent concept of lyme borreliosis. the disease is caused by borrelia burgdorferi transmitted by tick bite. as with other spirochetal illnesses, lyme borreliosis occurs in stages. the dermatological, rheumatological, cardiological and especially neurological aspects in the course of disease are described and the principles of immunodiagnosis and treatment are explained. | 1989 | 2657824 |
| [neurologic forms of lyme disease. 12 cases]. | twelve cases of lyme's disease with neurological complications are reported. seven patients had meningoradiculitis of the garin-bujadoux-bannwarth type, with facial palsy in 2 cases. in 1 case the radiculitis involved only the cauda equina. two more patients had meningomyelitis. of the remaining 3, 1 had subacute inflammatory polyneuritis with albumino-cytologic dissociation, 1 had probable dorsal epiduritis, and the last one developed parkinsonism and communicating hydrocephalus after an otherw ... | 1989 | 2662339 |
| [lyme disease: biological diagnosis and treatment]. | in daily practice the diagnosis of lyme disease is confirmed in the laboratory by serological tests the specificity and sensitivity of which are not fully satisfactory. there are false-positive results due to antibodies directed against antigens others than borrelia burgdorferi, but the main problem is that most people living in endemic areas have specific antibodies while being, and remaining, asymptomatic. in addition, the sensitivity of the current tests is mediocre at the onset of the diseas ... | 1989 | 2662364 |
| [lyme disease, erythema migrans disease, borreliosis (review)]. | an increasing rate of infections with borrelia burgdorferi seems to endanger humans and domestic animals. this may be due to increase of the main vectors ixodids, of their infection with borrelia, of exposure of humans in nature, of climate influences, changes of the virulence or resistance et cet. enforcement of research in this spirochaete and information of the public are recommended for diminishing the risk of this disease. | 1989 | 2662959 |
| [sense and nonsense of examinations in hematogenous and exogenous intra-ocular infections]. | diagnosis of intraocular inflammations can be difficult, particularly if the patient is suffering from immunodeficiency. among the endogenous inflammations this applies mainly to cases of hyaloretinitis caused by candida or other fungi, often presenting as an acute hyalitis with sudden onset; the various ocular complications of aids, especially those due to toxoplasmosis (rare) and cytomegalovirus, and lyme disease, which can occasionally cause chronic panuveitis. among the exogenous cases it ap ... | 1989 | 2664327 |
| taking a hard look at borrelia burgdorferi. | 1989 | 2666370 | |
| lyme arthritis presenting as adult onset still's disease. | lyme disease and adult onset still's disease share several clinical characteristics such as fever, lymphosplenomegaly, skin involvement, and arthritis. borrelia burgdorferi has been recognized as the cause of lyme disease and an infectious agent has been suspected, at least as triggering factor, in adult onset still's disease. this work is concerned with a patient affected by atypical lyme disease originally diagnosed as adult onset still's disease. b. burgdorferi infection must be suspected in ... | 1989 | 2667831 |
| laboratory analyses for lyme disease. | numerous techniques are available for the laboratory diagnosis of lyme disease. assays for the detection of antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi are the most practical means of confirming infection. false positive reactions can occur, but the more serious disadvantages are low sensitivity and lengthy processing time. nonetheless, serologic tests are being improved and remain valuable research and diagnostic tools. serologic test results for antibodies to b. burgdorferi should be considered along w ... | 1989 | 2667886 |
| ecology of lyme disease. | borrelia burgdorferi is transmitted from wild animals to humans by the bite of ixodes dammini. this tick is common in many areas of southern connecticut where it parasitizes three different host animals during its two-year life cycle. larval and nymphal ticks have parasitized 31 different species of mammals and 49 species of birds. white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) appear to be crucial hosts for adult ticks. all three feeding stages of the tick parasitize humans, though most infections ... | 1989 | 2667888 |
| transmission of lyme disease spirochetes (borrelia burgdorferi). | the field and laboratory evidence incriminating nymphal ixodes dammini as the main vectors of borrelia burgdorferi is substantial. furthermore, other members of the ixodes (ixodes) ricinus 'complex', including i. ricinus, i. persulcatus, i. pacificus, and i. scapularis, are competent vectors of the lyme disease spirochete. although ticks in other genera are also naturally infected with b. burgdorferi, experimental evidence suggests that amblyomma and dermacentor ticks are inefficient vectors of ... | 1989 | 2667921 |
| ehrlichiosis--"spotless spotted fever". | ehrlichia canis, a canine rickettsia, produces an acute infection in humans characterized by thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, and anemia. patients should be closely questioned and examined for tick bites. rash is not prominent, leading to the interesting if somewhat inaccurate label of "spotless spotted fever." the diagnosis is made by clinical presentation, absence of positive lyme disease or rocky mounted spotted fever (rmsf) serology, and positive e. canis titers. tetracyclines are preferred tre ... | 1989 | 2668039 |
| clonal polymorphisms of outer membrane protein ospb of borrelia burgdorferi. | the outer membrane protein ospb of borrelia burgdorferi, the lyme borreliosis agent, differs in relative molecular weight (mr) among strains. to determine whether antigenic variation occurs in b. burgdorferi, a cell population of the human isolate hb19 was cloned first by being diluted in broth and then by being plated on agar medium. several clones were obtained and characterized by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, in situ protease treatment, and western (immunoblot), southern, and northern ... | 1989 | 2668185 |
| latent lyme neuroborreliosis: presence of borrelia burgdorferi in the cerebrospinal fluid without concurrent inflammatory signs. | borrelia burgdorferi, the etiologic agent of lyme borreliosis, was isolated from the csf of a patient with elevated serum igg antibody titers against b burgdorferi and a history of multiple tick bites. the absence of concurrent inflammatory signs of csf as well as intrathecal antibody production indicates a phase of latent lyme neuroborreliosis in which no tissue infection or reaction has yet occurred. bilateral tinnitus was the only clinical symptom in this patient. the persistence of the bilat ... | 1989 | 2668788 |
| an adsorption procedure to increase the specificity of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for lyme disease without decreasing sensitivity. | previous efforts to use adsorption techniques to enhance the specificity of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for antibodies to the spirochete that causes lyme disease resulted in unacceptable reductions in assay sensitivity. we present here evidence that preadsorption of serum with escherichia coli can enhance test specificity without significantly reducing test sensitivity. | 1989 | 2669768 |
| lyme disease: neurologic manifestations. | lyme disease is a multisystem infectious, inflammatory, and immune-related disorder that follows the bit of an ixodes dammini tick infected with borrelia burgdorferi. subsequent manifestations are protean. this is particularly true concerning the nervous system. it is estimated that 15% of patients with lyme disease have neurologic complications. it is very possible that nervous system manifestations of lyme disease are even more common, and these can occur from weeks to many years following the ... | 1989 | 2670400 |
| fluoroimmunoassay studies with solubilized antigens from borrelia burgdorferi. | sodium deoxycholate-solubilized borrelia burgdorferi antigen was prepared for use in a solid-phase fluoroimmunoassay (fia-l) to detect antibodies in lyme disease. serum specimens were tested by fia-l and by a microimmunofluorescence test. the fia-l results are comparable to those of the standard microimmunofluorescence test. the overall agreement was 0.98. moreover, the fia-l procedure is simple and rapid; fluorescence is objectively determined and is proportional to antibody titer. | 1989 | 2671034 |
| comparison of immunofluorescence and enzyme linked immunosorbent assays for diagnosing lyme disease. | a new enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) method was assessed in parallel with an indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa) for the serological testing of specimens submitted for detection of lyme disease. wells of an elisa microtitre plate were coated with sonicated whole cells of borrelia burgdorferi in carbonate buffer. after overnight incubation at 4 degrees c the plates were washed three times, then incubated at 37 degrees c for an hour sequentially with a blocking solution, diluted tes ... | 1989 | 2671054 |
| lyme disease: a confusing multisystem borreliosis. | lyme disease, a tick-borne infection caused by the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi, involves many organ systems. three clinical stages of involvement have been described; patients with the disease may have cutaneous, arthritic, neurologic, or cardiac symptoms, or a constellation of manifestations. specific antibody testing and antibiotic agents are available for lyme disease, but a high index of suspicion must be exercised to recognize atypical manifestations. | 1989 | 2672356 |
| lyme disease--another transfusion risk? | lyme disease (or lyme borreliosis) is caused by a spirochetal bacteria, borrelia burgdorferi. increased recognition of the disease and increased exposure to the vector (ticks) capable of spreading b. burgdorferi from animal hosts have resulted in a rise in the number of cases of lyme borreliosis reported in the united states. there are three stages of the clinical course of lyme borreliosis; however, not all those infected will have typical manifestations of each stage, such as the arthritis of ... | 1989 | 2672435 |
| n-terminal amino acid sequence of the borrelia burgdorferi flagellin. | the 41 kda flagellar protein of borrelia burgdorferi appears to be an immunodominant antigen producing an early and strong response in most, if not all, individuals during infection in humans. it would represent a very good antigen for serodiagnosis of lyme disease, if its crossreactivity with flagella of other bacteria was low. to gain information on this point we isolated the b. burgdorferi flagellin by preparative two-dimensional electrophoresis for n-terminal amino acid analysis. by comparin ... | 1989 | 2676703 |
| [borrelia burgdorferi-induced pseudolymphoma with pathogen cultivation in an hiv-1 positive patient]. | cutaneous symptoms and skin diseases are common findings in almost all hiv-1-positive patients. in many cases the clinical presentation and course of the skin diseases are atypical, and occasionally the development of the appropriate circulating antibodies is lacking or impaired. in this report we present a patient seen in our multidisciplinary outpatient clinic for hiv patients. this patient had a borrelia burgdorferi infection with an unusual course. the acute inflammatory phase of the arthrop ... | 1989 | 2676912 |
| lyme disease: a review for the occupational physician. | lyme disease, a multisystem illness caused by a spirochete (borrelia burgdorferi) and transmitted to humans by ticks, is increasing in incidence. outdoor workers in areas of endemic disease are at increased risk of infection. increased recognition of this fact will be necessary to prevent the disease in working populations. | 1989 | 2677268 |
| immunoblot analysis of antibody binding to polypeptides of borrelia burgdorferi in children with different clinical manifestations of lyme disease. | we analyzed by means of immunoblot technique the patterns of antibodies binding to polypeptides of borrelia burgdorferi b31 in the sera of 21 children with different stages of lyme disease. all sera but one recognized the flagellar protein 41 kd and all but two the 83-kd protein. the number of proteins recognized rose from clinical stage i to stage iii. the polypeptides of the mol wt 55 and 31 kd were exclusively bound by igm and the proteins 66, 58, 39, and 36 kd exclusively by igg. based on th ... | 1989 | 2677950 |
| [borrelia burgdorferi, clinical aspects, cultivation and identification of the pathogen in erythema migrans in berlin]. | among other manifestations, the following diseases caused by borrelia burgdorferi in europe are transmitted by ticks of the species ixodes ricinus: erythema migrans (em), lymphadenosis benigna cutis (lbc), lymphocytic meningo-radiculitis (bannwarth's syndrome), and acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans (aca). we report on a female patient, who developed em 10 days after a-tick bite in berlin. borrelia burgdorferi could be cultivated from a skin biopsy specimen taken from the periphery of the em. t ... | 1989 | 2678789 |
| [clinical aspects of borrelia burgdorferi infections]. | skin lesions due to borrelia burgdorferi-like erythema migrans, lymphadenosis cutis benigna, and acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans - are hall-marks of a systemic infection, which tends to a chronically relapsing course. even if the skin lesions are missing, or disappear spontaneously, the infection may persist and affect other organs. this presumption is supported by the outcome of a long-term follow-up study on seropositive forest workers. in association with meningopolyneuritis (garin-bujado ... | 1989 | 2678790 |
| [morphea--a tick transmitted borreliosis of the skin? a contribution to the pathogenesis of circumscript scleroderma]. | we report on a 34-year-old patient suffering from erythema chronicum migrans, who developed clinically and histologically typical morphea, which was confined to the area previously involved by the erythema migrans. the patient's serum antibody level against borrelia burgdorferi spirochetes was significantly elevated. by means of the silver impregnation technique, we were able to identify spirochetal organisms both in the lower dermis and within the septa of the subcutaneous fatty tissue. in froz ... | 1989 | 2678791 |
| the effect of storage of antigen-coated polystyrene microwells on the detection of antibodies against borrelia burgdorferi by enzyme immunoassay (eia). | qualitative and quantitative changes in the antigenic mosaic of coated solid-phase matrices occurring during storage may have a pronounced effect on the comparability of results obtained by enzyme immunoassay (eia). we have used, as a model antigen for studying the effects of storage, a sonic extract of borrelia burgdorferi and a totally automatic eia procedure. the igm antibody concentrations of the sera originally determined to be high decreased by almost one half during 1 week's storage of th ... | 1989 | 2681426 |
| [atrioventricular block caused by tick bite--lyme's carditis]. | the authors present the case of a 44-year-old patient who was admitted to the hospital because of av block of degree iii. six weeks earlier a tick was removed from the left foot of the patient. two weeks later an erythema of 8 cm in diameter, spreading peripherally as well as painful inguinal lymphadenitis developed at the site of the bite with transient arthralgia and myalgia in the region of the waist and left lower limb. after the temporary use of pacemaker, steroid and atropine therapy appli ... | 1989 | 2682445 |
| pathophysiology of the lyme disease spirochete, borrelia burgdorferi, in ixodid ticks. | the pathophysiology of borrelia burgdorferi, the lyme disease spirochete, is unique in tick/vector relationships, differing substantially from that of other spirochetes, e.g., borrelia duttonii, the agent of tick-borne relapsing fever, and borrelia recurrentis, the agent of louse-borne relapsing fever, in their respective vectors. following ingestion by a tick, b. burgdorferi lodges in the midgut diverticula, in some instances penetrating the gut wall and invading various tissues. certain invest ... | 1989 | 2682956 |
| epizootiology of borrelia in ixodes tick vectors and reservoir hosts. | four north american and two european species of ixodes ticks harbor borreliae. three of the north american species--ixodes dammini, ixodes scapularis, and ixodes pacificus--and two old world species--ixodes ricinus and ixodes persulcatus--feed on a wide range of hosts, including humans; the north american ixodes dentatus has a predilection for cottontail rabbits and rarely parasitizes humans. in lyme disease foci in north america where i. dammini is common, borrelia burgdorferi or similar types ... | 1989 | 2682957 |
| epidemiology and clinical similarities of human spirochetal diseases. | lyme disease, first identified in 1975, is the most recently recognized of the seven human spirochetal diseases; the evolving clinical picture of lyme disease indicates it shares many features with the other diseases. these similarities are striking in view of the diverse epidemiology of the seven diseases, which are caused by treponema species (spread by human-to-human contact) or leptospira or borrelia species (zoonoses). these similarities include the following: (1) skin or mucous membrane as ... | 1989 | 2682958 |