Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| validate or falsify: lessons learned from a microscopy method claimed to be useful for detecting borrelia and babesia organisms in human blood. | a modified microscopy protocol (the lm-method) was used to demonstrate what was interpreted as borrelia spirochetes and later also babesia sp., in peripheral blood from patients. the method gained much publicity, but was not validated prior to publication, which became the purpose of this study using appropriate scientific methodology, including a control group. | 2016 | 27030913 |
| modelling the seasonality of lyme disease risk and the potential impacts of a warming climate within the heterogeneous landscapes of scotland. | lyme disease is the most prevalent vector-borne disease in the temperate northern hemisphere. the abundance of infected nymphal ticks is commonly used as a lyme disease risk indicator. temperature can influence the dynamics of disease by shaping the activity and development of ticks and, hence, altering the contact pattern and pathogen transmission between ticks and their host animals. a mechanistic, agent-based model was developed to study the temperature-driven seasonality of ixodes ricinus ti ... | 2016 | 27030039 |
| randomized trial of longer-term therapy for symptoms attributed to lyme disease. | the treatment of persistent symptoms attributed to lyme disease remains controversial. we assessed whether longer-term antibiotic treatment of persistent symptoms attributed to lyme disease leads to better outcomes than does shorter-term treatment. | 2016 | 27028911 |
| long-term follow-up of patients with lyme disease: longitudinal analysis of clinical and quality-of-life measures. | lyme disease is the most common vector-borne disease in the united states. some patients report persistent or intermittent subjective symptoms of mild to moderate intensity after antibiotic treatment for lyme disease. we sought to evaluate trends in clinical and quality-of-life (qol) measures in a cohort of patients with lyme disease enrolled in a natural history study at the national institutes of health from 2001-2014. | 2016 | 27025825 |
| concordance of four commercial enzyme immunoassay and three immunoblot formats for the detection of lyme borreliosis antibodies in human serum: the two-tier approach remains. | serological tests show considerable variation in their ability to correctly diagnose lyme borreliosis (lb). this study compared four commercially available screening enzyme immunoassays (eia) for the detection of lb igg using either whole cell lysate (wcl) antigens, purified proteins or recombinant antigens with the second-tier whole cell sonicate (wcs) western immunoblots or recombinant antigen line blots. a consensus between three eia results from 222 patient sera was designated as a point of ... | 2016 | 27020501 |
| incident tick-borne infections in a cohort of north carolina outdoor workers. | tick-borne diseases cause substantial morbidity throughout the united states, and north carolina has a high incidence of spotted fever rickettsioses and ehrlichiosis, with sporadic cases of lyme disease. the occupational risk of tick-borne infections among outdoor workers is high, particularly those working on publicly managed lands. this study identified incident tick-borne infections and examined seroconversion risk factors among a cohort of north carolina outdoor workers. workers from the nor ... | 2016 | 27008102 |
| [post-lyme disease syndrome]. | lyme disease is a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacteria, spirochete of the borrelia type. skin, nervous system, musculoskeletal system and heart may be involved in the course of the disease. the prognosis for properly treated lyme disease is usually good. however, in about 5% of patients so called post-lyme disease syndrome (plsd) develops. it is defined as a syndrome of subjective symptoms persisting despite proper treatment of borrelia burgdorferi infection. the most common symptom ... | 2016 | 27000820 |
| the borrelia burgdorferi chey3 response regulator is essential for chemotaxis and completion of its natural infection cycle. | borrelia burgdorferi possesses a sophisticated and complex chemotaxis system, but how the organism utilizes this system in its natural enzootic life cycle is poorly understood. of the three chey chemotaxis response regulators in b. burgdorferi, we found that only deletion of chey3 resulted in an altered motility and significantly reduced chemotaxis phenotype. although δchey3 maintained normal densities in unfed ticks, their numbers were significantly reduced in fed ticks compared with the parent ... | 2016 | 27206578 |
| safety and efficacy of intravitreal dexamethasone implants in the management of macular edema secondary to infectious uveitis. | to assess the safety and efficacy of intravitreal dexamethasone implants in the treatment of macular edema secondary to infectious uveitis. | 2016 | 27183031 |
| pediatric lyme neuroborreliosis: different clinical presentations of the same agent; single center experience. | lyme disease is a vector-associated infectious disease, caused by the agent, spirochete borrelia burgdorferi. neurologic findings are observed in approximately 12% of the cases and termed lyme neuroborreliosis (lnb). lyme neuroborreliosis may manifest with different clinical neurologic manifestations. | 2016 | 27179572 |
| course and outcome of early european lyme neuroborreliosis (bannwarth syndrome): clinical and laboratory findings. | information on the course and outcome of early european lyme neuroborreliosis is limited. | 2016 | 27161773 |
| statins reduce spirochetal burden and modulate immune responses in the c3h/hen mouse model of lyme disease. | lyme disease (ld) is a systemic disorder caused by borrelia burgdorferi. lyme spirochetes encode for a functional 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme a reductase (hmgr ec 1.1.1.88) serving as a rate limiting enzyme of the mevalonate pathway that contribute to components critical for cell wall biogenesis. statins have been shown to inhibit b. burgdorferi in vitro. using a mouse model of lyme disease, we found that statins contribute to reducing bacterial burden and altering the murine immune res ... | 2016 | 26993029 |
| cd83 modulates b cell activation and germinal center responses. | cd83 is a maturation marker for dendritic cells. in the b cell lineage, cd83 is expressed especially on activated b cells and on light zone b cells during the germinal center (gc) reaction. the function of cd83 during gc responses is unclear. cd83(-/-) mice have a strong reduction of cd4(+) t cells, which makes it difficult to analyze a functional role of cd83 on b cells during gc responses. therefore, in the present study we generated a b cell-specific cd83 conditional knockout (cd83 b-cko) mod ... | 2016 | 26983787 |
| detection of ifn-γ secretion by t cells collected before and after successful treatment of early lyme disease. | current serodiagnostics for lyme disease lack sensitivity during early disease, and cannot determine treatment response. we evaluated an assay based on quantiferon technology utilizing peptide antigens derived from borrelia burgdorferi to stimulate interferon-gamma (ifn-γ) release as an alternative to serodiagnosis for the laboratory detection of lyme disease. | 2016 | 26936671 |
| molecular identification of borrelia genus in questing hard ticks from portugal: phylogenetic characterization of two novel relapsing fever-like borrelia sp. | in the last decades, several studies have reported pathogenic species of borrelia related to those that cause tick-borne relapsing fever (rf), but unexpectedly suggesting their transmission by hard ticks, known vectors of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (b. burgdorferi s.l.) species, rather than by soft ticks. this study was designed to update the presence of b. burgdorferi s.l. species in ticks from several districts of mainland portugal, where ixodes ricinus had been previously described. tick ... | 2016 | 26976475 |
| cardiac tropism of borrelia burgdorferi: an autopsy study of sudden cardiac death associated with lyme carditis. | fatal lyme carditis caused by the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi rarely is identified. here, we describe the pathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular findings of five case patients. these sudden cardiac deaths associated with lyme carditis occurred from late summer to fall, ages ranged from young adult to late 40s, and four patients were men. autopsy tissue samples were evaluated by light microscopy, warthin-starry stain, immunohistochemistry, and pcr for b. burgdorferi, and immunohistoch ... | 2016 | 26968341 |
| presence of host-seeking ixodes ricinus and their infection with borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in the northern apennines, italy. | host-seeking ticks were collected in the northern apennines, italy, by dragging at 35 sites, at altitudes ranging from 680 and 1670 m above sea level (asl), from april to november, in 2010 and 2011. ixodes ricinus (4431 larvae, 597 nymphs and 12 adults) and haemaphysalis punctata (11,209 larvae, 313 nymphs, and 25 adults) were the most abundant species, followed by haemaphysalis sulcata (20 larvae, five nymphs, and 13 adults), dermacentor marginatus (42 larvae and two adults) and ixodes hexagonu ... | 2016 | 26964552 |
| geographical differences in seroprevalence of borrelia burgdorferi antibodies in norway, 2011-2013. | detection of specific antibodies against borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato is a useful aid for the diagnosis of lyme borreliosis. however, antibodies are present in the general population. the seroprevalence increase with age, and varies according to the prevalence of infected ticks. we performed a seroprevalence study of igm and igg antibody reactivity against b. burgdorferi sensu lato in norway by age-groups and geography, in order to provide a reference set of seroprevalence to inform the inter ... | 2016 | 26961275 |
| corrigendum. | jakubowski, t.l., perron, t.j., and teixeira, e. (2015). rashes in school: can they stay, or should they go? nasn school nurse, 30(5): 274-282. (original doi: 10.1177/1942602x15596815)in the september 2015 issue of nasn school nurse, the images for lyme disease and spider bites were reversed. the correct order appears below.spnas;31/1/61/table11942602x15621761t1table1-1942602x15621761table 5.bites/stings in childrendiagnosis(bites, stings, cutaneous infestations)rash descriptionsigns and symptom ... | 2016 | 26739936 |
| vector competence of the blacklegged tick, ixodes scapularis, for the recently recognized lyme borreliosis spirochete candidatus borrelia mayonii. | a novel species within the borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex, provisionally named borrelia mayonii, was recently found to be associated with lyme borreliosis in the upper midwest of the united states. moreover, b. mayonii was detected from host-seeking ixodes scapularis, the primary vector of b. burgdorferi sensu stricto in the eastern united states. we therefore conducted a study to confirm the experimental vector competence of i. scapularis for b. mayonii (strain mn14-1420), using colony ... | 2016 | 26922324 |
| autophagy suppresses host adaptive immune responses toward borrelia burgdorferi. | we have previously demonstrated that inhibition of autophagy increased the borrelia burgdorferi induced innate cytokine production in vitro, but little is known regarding the effect of autophagy on in vivo models of borrelia infection. here, we showed that atg7-deficient mice that were intra-articular injected with borrelia spirochetes displayed increased joint swelling, cell influx, and enhanced interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 production by inflamed synovial tissue. because both interleukin-1β ... | 2016 | 27101991 |
| cutaneous small/medium cd4+ pleomorphic t-cell lymphoma-like nodule in a patient with erythema chronicum migrans. | cd4+ small/medium pleomorphic t-cell lymphoma is a relatively rare subtype of cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorder with an indolent clinical behavior. the place of this condition among lymphomas is debatable. the authors describe a rare case of the direct association of cd4 small/medium pleomorphic t-cell lymphoma-like solitary nodule with borrelia burgdorferi infection in a 5-year-old boy, discuss the reactive nature of this condition, and emphasize the importance of clinicopathological corre ... | 2016 | 27097344 |
| genetic and immunological evidences of borrelia burgdorferi in dog in thailand. | lyme disease is a tick-borne zoonotic disease caused by spirochete borrelia burgdorferi. it is transmitted from animals to humans by the bite of infected ticks of the genus ixodes. although lyme disease has been reported in china and japan, the disease has never been reported in thailand. blood samples and ticks were collected from 402 dogs from 7 and 3 animal clinics in chiang mai and phuket provinces, thailand, respectively. blood samples were tested for antibodies against b. burgdorferi, anap ... | 2016 | 27086427 |
| no value for routine serologic screening for borrelia burgdorferi in patients with uveitis in the netherlands. | to determine whether routine serologic screening for borrelia burgdorferi and subsequent aqueous or vitreous humor analysis is useful in patients with uveitis. | 2016 | 27080573 |
| an ixodes ricinus tick salivary lectin pathway inhibitor protects borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato from human complement. | we previously identified tick salivary lectin pathway inhibitor (tslpi) in ixodes scapularis, a vector for borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto (s.s.) in north america. tslpi is a salivary protein facilitating b. burgdorferi s.s. transmission and acquisition by inhibiting the host lectin complement pathway through interference with mannose binding lectin (mbl) activity. since ixodes ricinus is the predominant vector for lyme borreliosis in europe and transmits several complement sensitive b. burgd ... | 2016 | 26901751 |
| diagnostic value of recombinant tp0821 protein in serodiagnosis for syphilis. | syphilis is a multistage sexually transmitted disease that remains a serious public health concern worldwide. the coexistence of treponema pallidum with other closely related members of spirochaeta, such as leptospira spp. and borrelia burgdorferi, has complicated the serodiagnosis due to cross-reactive antigens. in this study, recombinant tp0821 protein was expressed in escherichia coli and purified by metal affinity chromatography. then enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) based on tp08 ... | 2016 | 26853900 |
| [extensive myelitis as a manifestation of neuroborreliosis]. | neurological manifestations of lyme disease are reported in 3% - 12% of patients, with the most common form of presentation being meningoradiculitis. other symptoms involving the central nervous system, such as myelitis or encephalitis, are rare (< 5 %). we report a case of a 66-year-old male, with a subacute extensive transverse myelitis, secondary to borrelia burgdorferi infection. the patient underwent antibiotic therapy filed for neuroborreliosis with a good clinical outcome. the rareness in ... | 2016 | 28060695 |
| serosurvey of borrelia in dogs, horses, and humans exposed to ticks in a rural settlement of southern brazil. | the aims of the present study were to serosurvey dogs, horses, and humans highly exposed to tick bites for anti-borrelia burgdorferi s.l. antibodies, identify tick species present, and determine risk factors associated with seropositivity in a rural settlement of paraná state, southern brazil. eighty-seven residents were sampled, along with their 83 dogs and 18 horses, and individual questionnaires were administered. immunofluorescence antibody test (ifat) was performed on serum samples and posi ... | 2016 | 27982299 |
| the lyme disease as the increasing health problem in małopolskie voivodeship compared with poland in 1998-2014 | lyme disease is one of the most known tick borne diseases in poland caused by spirochetes of the genus borrelia burgdorferi. most cases of lyme disease are diagnosed in the northeastern poland and the south of poland, in śląskie, małopolskie, podkarpackie voivodeship. the aim of the study was to evaluate epidemiological data of lyme disease in małopolskie voivodeship and other voivodeships in poland and frequency analysis of the lyme disease as an occupational disease. | 2016 | 28213980 |
| isolation of live borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato spirochaetes from patients with undefined disorders and symptoms not typical for lyme borreliosis. | lyme borreliosis is a multisystem disorder with a diverse spectrum of clinical manifestations, caused by spirochaetes of the borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex. it is an infectious disease that can be successfully cured by antibiotic therapy in the early stages; however, the possibility of the appearance of persistent signs and symptoms of disease following antibiotic treatment is recognized. it is known that lyme borreliosis mimics multiple diseases that were never proven to have a spiroch ... | 2016 | 26673735 |
| lyme borreliosis. | lyme borreliosis is a tick-borne disease that predominantly occurs in temperate regions of the northern hemisphere and is primarily caused by the bacterium borrelia burgdorferi in north america and borrelia afzelii or borrelia garinii in europe and asia. infection usually begins with an expanding skin lesion, known as erythema migrans (referred to as stage 1), which, if untreated, can be followed by early disseminated infection, particularly neurological abnormalities (stage 2), and by late infe ... | 2016 | 27976670 |
| strain-specific antibodies reduce co-feeding transmission of the lyme disease pathogen, borrelia afzelii. | vector-borne pathogens use a diversity of strategies to evade the vertebrate immune system. co-feeding transmission is a potential immune evasion strategy because the vector-borne pathogen minimizes the time spent in the vertebrate host. we tested whether the lyme disease pathogen, borrelia afzelii, can use co-feeding transmission to escape the acquired immune response in the vertebrate host. we induced a strain-specific, protective antibody response by immunizing mice with one of two variants o ... | 2016 | 26411486 |
| a novel duplex real-time pcr permits simultaneous detection and differentiation of borrelia miyamotoi and borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. | for simultaneous detection of borrelia miyamotoi (relapsing fever spirochete) and borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, we have developed a duplex real-time pcr targeting the flagellin gene (flab; p41), a locus frequently used in routine diagnostic pcr for b. burgdorferi s.l. detection. | 2016 | 26168860 |
| pre-exposure prophylaxis with ospa-specific human monoclonal antibodies protects mice against tick transmission of lyme disease spirochetes. | tick transmission of borrelia spirochetes to humans results in significant morbidity from lyme disease worldwide. serum concentrations of antibodies against outer surface protein a (ospa) were shown to correlate with protection from infection with borrelia burgdorferi, the primary cause of lyme disease in the united states. | 2016 | 27338767 |
| sensitivity of lyme borreliosis spirochetes to serum complement of regular zoo animals: potential reservoir competence of some exotic vertebrates. | reaction of vertebrate serum complement with different borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species is used as a basis in determining reservoir hosts among domesticated and wild animals. borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia garinii, and borrelia afzelii were tested for their sensitivity to sera of exotic vertebrate species housed in five zoos located in the czech republic. we confirmed that different borrelia species have different sensitivity to host serum. we found that tolerance to borreli ... | 2016 | 26783940 |
| diversifying forest communities may change lyme disease risk: extra dimension to the dilution effect in europe. | lyme disease is caused by bacteria of the borrelia burgdorferi genospecies complex and transmitted by ixodid ticks. in north america only one pathogenic genospecies occurs, in europe there are several. according to the dilution effect hypothesis (deh), formulated in north america, nymphal infection prevalence (nip) decreases with increasing host diversity since host species differ in transmission potential. we analysed borrelia infection in nymphs from 94 forest stands in belgium, which are part ... | 2016 | 27173094 |
| a borrelia afzelii infection increases larval tick burden on myodes glareolus (rodentia: cricetidae) and nymphal body weight of ixodes ricinus (acari: ixodidae). | several microorganisms have been shown to manipulate their host or vector to enhance their own transmission. here we examined whether an infection with borrelia afzelii affects its transmission between its bank vole (myodes glareolus, schreber, 1780) host and tick vector. captive-bred bank voles were inoculated with b. afzelii or control medium, after which host preference of ixodes ricinus l. nymphs was determined in a y-tube olfactometer. thereafter, infected and uninfected bank voles were pla ... | 2016 | 27694145 |
| the occurrence of ixodes ricinus ticks and important tick-borne pathogens in areas with high tick-borne encephalitis prevalence in different altitudinal levels of the czech republic part ii. ixodes ricinus ticks and genospecies of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex. | three years long research study (2011-2013) on population density of ixodes ricinus and the infection rate of the pathogens that they transmit was conducted in four topographically distant areas in the czech republic. in the previous decade (2001-2010) thirteen loci with increased incidence of tick borne encephalitis cases were defined, suggesting the permanent interaction of human population with ticks and indicating the landmarks for study of the presence of other tick borne pathogens. the wor ... | 2016 | 27690476 |
| natural foci of borrelia lusitaniae in a mountain region of central europe. | lyme borreliosis is the most prevalent tick-borne disease in europe. it is caused by spirochaetes of the borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) complex and transmitted to humans by ticks of the genus ixodes. borrelia afzelii, borrelia garinii, and borrelia valaisiana are the most common genospecies in central europe. in contrast, borrelia lusitaniae predominates in mediterranean countries such as portugal, morocco, and tunisia. in slovakia, its prevalence is low and restricted to only a few site ... | 2016 | 26711673 |
| occurrence of borrelia burgdorferi s.l. in different genera of mosquitoes (culicidae) in central europe. | lyme disease or lyme borreliosis is a vector-borne infectious disease caused by spirochetes of the borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex. some stages of the borrelial transmission cycle in ticks (transstadial, feeding and co-feeding) can potentially occur also in insects, particularly in mosquitoes. in the present study, adult as well as larval mosquitoes were collected at 42 different geographical locations throughout germany. this is the first study, in which german mosquitoes were analyzed ... | 2016 | 26631488 |
| prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in host-seeking amblyomma americanum (acari: ixodidae) and odocoileus virginianus (artiodactyla: cervidae) in florida. | amblyomma americanum (l.), the lone star tick, is an aggressive tick that is expanding its geographic range within the united states. this tick is the vector for the human and veterinary pathogens ehrlichia chaffeensis and ehrlichia ewingii and is associated with other microbes of unspecified pathogenicity including rickettsia amblyommii, panola mountain ehrlichia, and borrelia lonestari in florida, there has been sparse contemporary data on the prevalence of these organisms in host-seeking lone ... | 2016 | 27117680 |
| [follow-up of patients with ixodes tick-borne borrelioses caused by borrelia miyamotoi or borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato]. | ixodes tick-borne borrelioses (itbb) are caused by two different spirochetes: borrelia from the group of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the agents of the classic lyme borreliosis (lb), and borrelia miyamotoi that belongs to the group of borrelia causing tick-borne relapsing fevers. itbb caused by b. miyamotoi (bm-itbb) is a previously unknown infectious disease discovered in russia. it is known that the lb sequelae may reduce the long-term life guality of convalescents. | 2016 | 28005031 |
| cyclic-di-gmp binding induces structural rearrangements in the plza and plzc proteins of the lyme disease and relapsing fever spirochetes: a possible switch mechanism for c-di-gmp-mediated effector functions. | the c-di-gmp network of borrelia burgdorferi, a causative agent of lyme disease, consists of rrp1, a diguanylate cyclase/response regulator; hpk1, a histidine kinase; pdea and pdeb, c-di-gmp phosphodiesterases; and plza, a pilz domain c-di-gmp receptor. borrelia hermsii, a causative agent of tick-borne relapsing fever, possesses a putative c-di-gmp regulatory network that is uncharacterized. while b. burgdorferi requires c-di-gmp to survive within ticks, the associated effector mechanisms are po ... | 2016 | 27852620 |
| differentiated thp-1 cells exposed to pathogenic and nonpathogenic borrelia species demonstrate minimal differences in production of four inflammatory cytokines. | tick-borne borreliae include lyme disease and relapsing fever agents, and they are transmitted primarily by ixodid (hard) and argasid (soft) tick vectors, respectively. tick-host interactions during feeding are complex, with host immune responses influenced by biological differences in tick feeding and individual differences within and between host species. one of the first encounters for spirochetes entering vertebrate host skin is with local antigen-presenting cells, regardless of whether the ... | 2016 | 27680384 |
| imbalanced presence of borrelia burgdorferi s.l. multilocus sequence types in clinical manifestations of lyme borreliosis. | in this study we used typing based on the eight multilocus sequence typing scheme housekeeping genes (mlst) and 5s-23s rdna intergenic spacer (igs) to explore the population structure of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolates from patients with lyme borreliosis (lb) and to test the association between the b. burgdorferi s.l. sequence types (st) and the clinical manifestations they cause in humans. isolates of b. burgdorferi from 183 lb cases across europe, with distinct clinical manifestations ... | 2016 | 27125686 |
| cordoniform morphea: a clinicopathologic study of two cases presenting with the rope sign. | morphea clinically presenting as cordoniform lesions has not been described previously in the literature. | 2016 | 26990496 |
| occurrence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ixodes ricinus ticks with first identification of borrelia miyamotoi in vojvodina, serbia. | lyme borreliosis is the most common tick-borne infectious disease in eurasia. borrelia miyamotoi is the only known relapsing fever borrelia group spirochete transmitted by ixodes species. the aim of this study was to investigate the presence of lyme borrelia spp. and relapsing fever borrelia spp. in ixodes ricinus ticks collected from dogs and the vegetation from different parts of vojvodina, serbia. a total of 71 ixodes ricinus ticks were collected and screened for the presence of lyme borrelia ... | 2016 | 27574731 |
| insights into borrelia miyamotoi infection from an untreated case demonstrating relapsing fever, monocytosis and a positive c6 lyme serology. | we describe a patient from the united states with pcr- and serology-confirmed borrelia miyamotoi infection who recovered without antibiotics. our findings suggest that b. miyamotoi infection may cause relapsing fever, blood monocytosis and antibody reactivity to the c6 peptide. further studies are required to better define the spectrum of clinical and laboratory findings for this emerging tick-transmitted infection. | 2016 | 27412815 |
| prevalence of borrelia miyamotoi in ixodes persulcatus in irkutsk city and its neighboring territories, russia. | adult ixodes persulcatus were collected in highly populated districts in irkutsk city, russia, and in popular recreational and professional areas in its neighboring territories. borrelia miyamotoi infection in i. persulcatus was examined using multiplex taqman-pcr targeting 16s rdna, and nested pcr and sequencing analyses targeting flab and 16s rdna. b. miyamotoi and lyme disease borrelia species were detected in 13 (infection rate, 2.9%) and 77 (17.3%) out of 445 i. persulcatus ticks, respectiv ... | 2016 | 26750571 |
| distribution and survival of borrelia miyamotoi in human blood components. | borrelia miyamotoi, the agent of relapsing fever, is a tick-borne spirochete first isolated in japan in 1994. since then, the spirochete has been detected in ticks globally, generally in the same vectors as the lyme disease agent. human infection has been reported in russia, europe, japan, and the united states, as influenza-like febrile illness. in addition, two cases of meningoencephalitis caused by b. miyamotoi have also been reported in immunocompromised patients. here we evaluate the abilit ... | 2016 | 26689144 |
| assessing the abundance, seasonal questing activity, and borrelia and tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) prevalence of ixodes ricinus ticks in a lyme borreliosis endemic area in southwest finland. | studies have revealed that ixodes ricinus (acari: ixodidae) have become more abundant and their geographical distribution extended northwards in some nordic countries during the past few decades. however, ecological data of tick populations in finland are sparse. in the current study, i. ricinus abundance, seasonal questing activity, and their borrelia spp. and tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) prevalence were evaluated in a lyme borreliosis endemic area in southwest finland, seili island, wh ... | 2016 | 26548608 |
| seroprevalence of babesia microti in individuals with lyme disease. | babesiosis is an emerging tick-borne disease (tbd) caused by babesia microti, an intracellular parasite of red blood cells. currently, it is the highest ranked pathogen transmitted by blood transfusion. most healthy individuals infected with b. microti are asymptomatic, but may be at risk for chronic infection. similar to lyme disease transmitted by borrelia burgdorferi, b. microti is spread by ixodes scapularis ticks. the rate of coinfection with these tbds in humans is unclear as most studies ... | 2016 | 27911694 |
| symptomatic co-infection with babesia microti and borrelia burgdorferi in patient after international exposure; a challenging case in poland. | the report presents a well-documented case of symptomatic co-infection of babesia microti and borrelia burgdorferi in a polish immunocompetent patient after travelling to canada and the usa. | 2016 | 27294655 |
| molecular survey of arthropod-borne pathogens in sheep keds (melophagus ovinus), central europe. | in the study, we screened a total of 399 adult sheep keds (melophagus ovinus) for the presence of rna and dna specific for arboviral, bacterial, and protozoan vector-borne pathogens. all investigated keds were negative for flaviviruses, phleboviruses, bunyaviruses, borrelia burgdorferi, rickettsia spp., anaplasma phagocytophilum, "candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis," and babesia spp. all ked pools were positive for bartonella dna. the sequencing of the amplified fragments of the glta and 16s-23s ... | 2016 | 27325400 |
| molecular epidemiological surveillance to assess emergence and re-emergence of tick-borne infections in tick samples from china evaluated by nested pcrs. | an investigation was performed to detect eight pathogens in ticks collected from grass tips or animals in the southern, central and northeast regions of china. dna samples extracted from ticks were collected from ten different locations in eight provinces of china and subjected to screening for tick-borne pathogens, including borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, ehrlichia spp., rickettsia spp., babesia/theileria spp., ehrlichia ruminantium, coxiella burnetii, and francisella tularensis, using nested ... | 2016 | 26943995 |
| first molecular evidence of zoonotic bacteria in ticks in bosnia and herzegovina. | in bosnia and herzegovina, the tick fauna is very diverse, but data on the occurrence of zoonotic tick-borne bacteria are lacking. thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the presence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, anaplasma phagocytophilum, 'candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis', spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsiae and francisella tularensis in questing ticks. in 19 (21.8%) of 87 ticks (ixodes ricinus, n = 30; dermacentor reticulatus, n = 54; d. marginatus, n = 3) collected by flagg ... | 2016 | 26799474 |
| infection of immature ixodes scapularis (acari: ixodidae) by membrane feeding. | a reduction in the use of animals in infectious disease research is desirable for animal welfare as well as for simplification and standardization of experiments. an artificial silicone-based membrane-feeding system was adapted for complete engorgement of adult and nymphal ixodes scapularis say (acari: ixodidae), and for infecting nymphs with pathogenic, tick-borne bacteria. six wild-type and genetically transformed strains of four species of bacteria were inoculated into sterile bovine blood an ... | 2016 | 26721866 |
| prevalence of vector-borne pathogens in dogs from haiti. | canine vector-borne pathogens are common on some caribbean islands, but survey data in haiti are lacking. to determine the prevalence of selected vector-borne pathogens in dogs from haiti, we tested blood samples collected from 210 owned dogs, 28 (13.3%) of which were infested with rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks at the time of blood collection. no other tick species were identified on these dogs. a commercially available elisa identified antibodies to ehrlichia spp. in 69 (32.9%), antibodies to ... | 2016 | 27270383 |
| molecular detection of anaplasma platys, ehrlichia canis, hepatozoon canis and rickettsia monacensis in dogs from maio island of cape verde archipelago. | tick-borne diseases are emerging worldwide and have an important zoonotic relevance. dogs play an important role in the epidemiology of several zoonotic tick-borne pathogens acting as sentinels and/or reservoirs. this study focused on the molecular identification of tick-borne pathogens in blood samples of 153 autochthonous asymptomatic dogs in maio island, cape verde archipelago. eighty-four (54.9%) dogs were positive for one or more pathogens. fifty-five (35.9%) dogs were infected with hepatoz ... | 2016 | 27177475 |
| fine-scale genetic structure of woodrat populations (genus: neotoma) and the spatial distribution of their tick-borne pathogens. | dusky-footed woodrats are territorial cricetid rodents that individually occupy large stick houses from which they foray to gather food, find mates, and engage in other activities. these rodents are often bitten by ixodes spp. ticks and are reservoirs of some strains of tick-borne bacterial pathogens such as anaplasma phagocytophilum and borrelia burgdorferi. limited dispersal by hosts and vectors could create fine-scale population structure where related hosts and pathogen exposure are co-distr ... | 2016 | 26530982 |
| vector-borne diseases in stray dogs in peninsular malaysia and molecular detection of anaplasma and ehrlichia spp. from rhipicephalus sanguineus (acari: ixodidae) ticks. | little data are available on the prevalence and transmission of vector-borne diseases in stray dogs in peninsular malaysia. this study was designed to determine the occurrence of vector-borne pathogens in malaysian stray dogs using serological and molecular approaches. in total, 48 dog blood samples were subjected to serological analysis using snap 4dx kit (idexx laboratories, westbrook, me). the presence of ehrlichia and anaplasma dna in the dog blood samples and rhipicephalus sanguineus (latre ... | 2016 | 26494821 |
| prevalence of antibodies against borrelia burgdorferi, anaplasma phagocytophilum, and leptospira interrogans serovars in bernese mountain dogs. | bernese mountain dogs (bmd) have a higher prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (bbsl) antibodies than other breeds, but it is not known whether this is the case for other pathogens. therefore, the aim of the study was to determine the frequency and level of specific antibodies against members of the bbsl group, anaplasma phagocytophilum (ap), and leptospira (l.) interrogans serovars in bmd and compare the results with those found in dogs of other breeds. | 2016 | 27004451 |
| detection of lyme disease and anaplasmosis pathogens via pcr in pennsylvania deer ked. | borrelia burgdorferi and anaplasma phagocytophilum are obligate intracellular parasites that maintain their life cycles in enzoonotic vector-host cycles with ixodes scapularis as a vector. in addition to ticks, the hosts are commonly infested with insects from the hippoboscidae family. this study confirms the presence of b. burgdorferi and a. phagocytophilum in deer keds (lipoptena cervi) removed from white-tailed deer using pcr. detection of these pathogens in deer ked represents a potential no ... | 2016 | 27860010 |
| the pcr and nested pcr detection of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, anaplasma phagocytophilum and babesia microti in dermacentor reticulatus f. collected in a new location in poland (trzciel, western poland). | the study was performed in the trzciel forest districts which is located in the west part of poland. the scots pine is the main tree species creating forest landscape there. dermacentor reticulatus, usually found in wet, boggy and damp habitat, in this case was discovered in fresh mixed coniferous forest and fresh coniferous forest. in central europe the dermacentor reticulatus is after ixodes ricinus the second most important vector for tick-borne diseases in europe. the ticks were collected by ... | 2016 | 27787203 |
| efficacy of sarolaner in the prevention of borrelia burgdorferi and anaplasma phagocytophilum transmission from infected ixodes scapularis to dogs. | the efficacy of sarolaner (simparica™, zoetis) to prevent transmission primarily of borrelia burgdorferi and secondarily of anaplasma phagocytophilum from infected wild-caught ixodes scapularis to dogs was evaluated in a placebo-controlled laboratory study. twenty-four purpose-bred laboratory beagles seronegative for b. burgdorferi and a. phagocytophilum antibodies were allocated randomly to one of three treatment groups: placebo administered orally on days 0 and 7, or sarolaner at 2mg/kg admini ... | 2016 | 26906926 |
| distribution of ticks and the risk of lyme disease and other tick-borne pathogens of public health significance in ontario, canada. | over the past two decades, the northward spread of ixodes scapularis across ontario, canada, has accelerated and the risk of lyme disease has increased. active surveillance is a recognized and effective method for detecting reproducing populations of i. scapularis. in this study, we conducted field sampling consistent with an active surveillance approach from may to october 2014 at 104 sites in central, eastern, and southern ontario to determine the current distribution of i. scapularis and othe ... | 2016 | 26870937 |
| evaluation of doxycycline-laden oral bait and topical fipronil delivered in a single bait box to control ixodes scapularis (acari: ixodidae) and reduce borrelia burgdorferi and anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in small mammal reservoirs and host-seeking ticks. | a field trial was conducted on residential properties in a lyme disease endemic area of new jersey to determine the efficacy of maxforce tick management system (tms) bait boxes modified with doxycycline hyclate-laden bait to reduce the acarological risk of lyme disease and the utility of galvanized steel shrouds to protect the bait boxes from squirrel depredation and ability to routinely service these devices. the strategy began with a 9-wk deployment against larvae followed by a 17-wk deploymen ... | 2016 | 28011722 |
| host, habitat and climate preferences of ixodes angustus (acari: ixodidae) and infection with borrelia burgdorferi and anaplasma phagocytophilum in california, usa. | the holarctic tick ixodes angustus is a competent vector for borrelia burgdorferi, the etiologic agent of lyme disease, and possibly anaplasma phagocytophilum, the etiologic agent of granulocytic anaplasmosis, as well. from 2005 to 2013, we collected host-feeding i. angustus individuals from live-trapped small mammals and by flagging vegetation from 12 study sites in northern and central california, and tested for b. burgdorferi sensu lato, a. phagocytophilum, and rickettsia spp. dna by real-tim ... | 2016 | 27416728 |
| serological surveillance of vector-borne and zoonotic diseases among hunters in eastern poland. | many etiological agents of zoonoses are considered as significant biological hazard to people visiting forested areas frequently, for instance, hunters. they may be exposed to ticks, rodents, and birds as well as excreta/secretions of wild animals or contaminated water and soil. hence, this population is at risk of contracting infection with pathogens such as borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.), anaplasma phagocytophilum, babesia spp., tick-borne encephalitis virus, bartonella spp., francisel ... | 2016 | 28035113 |
| the incidence of borrelia burgdorferi, anaplasma phagocytophilum and babesia microti coinfections among foresters and farmers in eastern poland. | lyme borreliosis is the most common tick-borne disease in europe and the usa. however, a great variety of pathogens are transmitted by ticks, which results in mixed infections, with lyme borreliosis. the aim of the present study was to show the incidence of borrelia burgdorferi, anaplasma phagocytophilum, and babesia microti coinfections among the population of foresters and farmers, as these people, due to their profession, are particularly exposed to tick contact. | 2016 | 28035112 |
| prevalence and diversity of tick-borne pathogens in nymphal ixodes scapularis (acari: ixodidae) in eastern national parks. | tick-borne pathogens transmitted by ixodes scapularis say (acari: ixodidae), also known as the deer tick or blacklegged tick, are increasing in incidence and geographic distribution in the united states. we examined the risk of tick-borne disease exposure in 9 national parks across six northeastern and mid-atlantic states and the district of columbia in 2014 and 2015. to assess the recreational risk to park visitors, we sampled for ticks along frequently used trails and calculated the density of ... | 2016 | 28028138 |
| clinical cases of parasitoses and fungal infections important from medical point of view | most important infectious diseases which pose a risk to human health and life are associated with parasites transmitted by a variety of arthropod vectors, or from animal to man. some of these (malaria, toxoplasmosis, leishmaniosis, dirofilariosis, alveococcosis, cystic echinococcosis) still represent a serious public health problem in many regions in the world. this review describes the epidemiological and clinical aspects of important parasitoses and fungal infections from a medical point of vi ... | 2016 | 28151608 |
| molecular survey on the presence of zoonotic arthropod-borne pathogens in wild red deer (cervus elaphus). | to estimate the prevalence of some zoonotic tick-borne pathogens in red deer (cervus elaphus) living in italian areas with high risk of arthropod exposure, blood samples from 60 red deer were tested by pcr for a. phagocytophilum, borrelia burgdorferi s.l., coxiella burnetii, francisella tularensis, and piroplasms. thirty-four (56.67%) animals resulted positive for one or more pathogens. in particular, 24 (40%) red deer were positive for a. phagocytophilum, 16 (26.67%) for babesia divergens, 6 (1 ... | 2016 | 27477510 |
| the role of particular tick developmental stages in the circulation of tick-borne pathogens affecting humans in central europe. 2. tick-borne encephalitis virus. | hard-bodied ticks transmit various pathogens, such as borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, anaplasma phagocytophilum, rickettsia spp., babesia spp., and carry numerous other microorganisms with an unknown pathogenic potential. among them, tick-borne encephalitis virus has great importance. in central european conditions all developmental stages of ticks participate in the zoonotic cycle of the tbe virus. according to pathogen and tick biology, the roles of larvae, nymphs and adults are different. la ... | 2016 | 27262951 |
| serological survey on some pathogens in wild brown hares (lepus europaeus) in central italy. | to determine the exposure of wild brown hares [lepus europaeus (l. europaeus), pallas] to anaplasma phagocytophilum (a. phagocytophilum), borrelia burgdorferi (b. burgdorferi) sensu lato, encephalitozoon cuniculi (e. cuniculi), leishmania sp., neospora caninum (n. caninum) and toxoplasma gondii (t. gondii). | 2016 | 27261855 |
| seroprevalence of seven pathogens transmitted by the ixodes ricinus tick in forestry workers in france. | in order to assess the level of occupational exposure to the main pathogens transmitted by the ixodes ricinus tick, a seroprevalence study was performed on serum samples collected in 2003 from 2975 forestry workers of northeastern france. the global seroprevalence estimated for the seven pathogens studied was 14.1% (419/2975) for borrelia burgdorferi sl, 5.7% (164/2908) for francisella tularensis, 2.3% (68/2941) for tick-borne encephalitis virus, 1.7% (50/2908) for anaplasma phagocytophilum and ... | 2016 | 27237545 |
| molecular survey on zoonotic tick-borne bacteria and chlamydiae in feral pigeons (columba livia domestica). | to determine the presence of zoonotic tick-borne bacteria in feral pigeons (columba livia domestica) from urban areas. | 2016 | 27086148 |
| analysis of main t-cell subsets and activated t supressor/cytotoxic cells in patients with borrelia burgdorferi s. lato only infection and co-infections with anaplasma phagocytophilum, bartonella spp. and babesia microti. | the study was designed to assess the role of some important immunologic factors with regards to both laboratory results and clinical symptoms in patients with confirmed lyme disease. additional examinations were carried out for co-infections with a number of tick-borne pathogens. | 2016 | 27007527 |
| ehrlichia sp. infection in carthorses of low-income owners, southern brazil. | although well established in dogs, ehrlichia sp. infection has been scarcely reported in horses. the aim was to perform a comprehensive serological and molecular survey for the detection of ehrlichia spp. in carthorses from southern brazil. blood samples from 190 carthorses from paraná state were sampled. horses were also tested for borrelia burgdorferi and anaplasma phagocytophilum. anti-ehrlichia sp. antibodies were detected by a commercial rapid elisa, and immunofluorescence antibody assays ( ... | 2016 | 27638113 |
| fatal pyogranulomatous myocarditis in 10 boxer puppies. | over a period of 5 years, 10 pure-bred boxer puppies, 9-16 weeks old, were presented with a history of sudden death and were diagnosed with pyogranulomatous myocarditis. the myocarditis was characterized by a mixed infiltrate composed predominantly of neutrophils and macrophages. in our retrospective study, original case records and archived materials were examined. all dogs were positive for borrelia burgdorferi on immunohistochemistry (ihc). there was no evidence of infectious agents in formal ... | 2016 | 26965234 |
| multiple pathogens including potential new species in tick vectors in côte d'ivoire. | our study aimed to assess the presence of different pathogens in ticks collected in two regions in côte d'ivoire. | 2016 | 26771308 |
| changes in the proteome of langat-infected ixodes scapularis ise6 cells: metabolic pathways associated with flavivirus infection. | ticks (family ixodidae) transmit a variety of disease causing agents to humans and animals. the tick-borne flaviviruses (tbfs; family flaviviridae) are a complex of viruses, many of which cause encephalitis and hemorrhagic fever, and represent global threats to human health and biosecurity. pathogenesis has been well studied in human and animal disease models. equivalent analyses of tick-flavivirus interactions are limited and represent an area of study that could reveal novel approaches for tbf ... | 2016 | 26859745 |
| enigma of il-17 and th17 cells in rheumatoid arthritis and in autoimmune animal models of arthritis. | rheumatoid arthritis (ra) is one of the most common autoimmune disorders characterized by the chronic and progressive inflammation of various organs, most notably the synovia of joints leading to joint destruction, a shorter life expectancy, and reduced quality of life. although we have substantial information about the pathophysiology of the disease with various groups of immune cells and soluble mediators identified to participate in the pathogenesis, several aspects of the altered immune func ... | 2016 | 26903711 |
| multiple and diverse vsp and vlp sequences in borrelia miyamotoi, a hard tick-borne zoonotic pathogen. | based on chromosome sequences, the human pathogen borrelia miyamotoi phylogenetically clusters with species that cause relapsing fever. but atypically for relapsing fever agents, b. miyamotoi is transmitted not by soft ticks but by hard ticks, which also are vectors of lyme disease borrelia species. to further assess the relationships of b. miyamotoi to species that cause relapsing fever, i investigated extrachromosomal sequences of a north american strain with specific attention on plasmid-born ... | 2016 | 26785134 |
| dna charge transport: from chemical principles to the cell. | the dna double helix has captured the imagination of many, bringing it to the forefront of biological research. dna has unique features that extend our interest into areas of chemistry, physics, material science, and engineering. our laboratory has focused on studies of dna charge transport (ct), wherein charges can efficiently travel long molecular distances through the dna helix while maintaining an exquisite sensitivity to base pair π-stacking. because dna ct chemistry reports on the integrit ... | 2016 | 26933744 |
| comparison of the lifetime host-to-tick transmission between two strains of the lyme disease pathogen borrelia afzelii. | transmission from the vertebrate host to the arthropod vector is a critical step in the life-cycle of any vector-borne pathogen. how the probability of host-to-vector transmission changes over the duration of the infection is an important predictor of pathogen fitness. the lyme disease pathogen borrelia afzelii is transmitted by ixodes ricinus ticks and establishes a chronic infection inside rodent reservoir hosts. the present study compares the temporal pattern of host-to-tick transmission betw ... | 2016 | 27986081 |
| simultaneous combined myositis, inflammatory polyneuropathy, and overlap myasthenic syndrome. | immune-mediated neuromuscular disorders include pathologies of the peripheral nervous system, neuromuscular junction, and muscles. if overlap syndromes (or the association of almost two autoimmune disorders) are recognized, the simultaneous occurrence of several autoimmune neuromuscular disorders is rare. we describe two patients presenting the simultaneous occurrence of inflammatory neuropathy, myositis, and myasthenia gravis (with positive acetylcholine receptor antibodies). for each patient, ... | 2016 | 28044116 |
| a novel approach to probe host-pathogen interactions of bovine digital dermatitis, a model of a complex polymicrobial infection. | polymicrobial infections represent a great challenge for the clarification of disease etiology and the development of comprehensive diagnostic or therapeutic tools, particularly for fastidious and difficult-to-cultivate bacteria. using bovine digital dermatitis (dd) as a disease model, we introduce a novel strategy to study the pathogenesis of complex infections. | 2016 | 27908274 |
| tick-borne diseases in turkey: a review based on one health perspective. | the importance of tick-borne diseases is increasing all over the world, including turkey. global warming, environmental and ecological changes and the existence of suitable habitats increase the impact of ticks and result in frequent emergence or re-emergence of tick-borne diseases (tbds) with zoonotic characteristics. in turkey, almost 19 tbds have been reported in animals and men, involving four protozoa (babesiosis, theileriosis, cytauxzoonosis, hepatozoonosis), one filarial nematode (acantho ... | 2016 | 27977689 |
| staphylococcus aureus lpl lipoproteins delay g2/m phase transition in hela cells. | the cell cycle is an ordered set of events, leading to cell growth and division into two daughter cells. the eukaryotic cell cycle consists of interphase (g1, s, and g2 phases), followed by the mitotic phase and g0 phase. many bacterial pathogens secrete cyclomodulins that interfere with the host cell cycle. in staphylococcus aureus four cyclomodulins have been described so far that all represent toxins and are secreted into the culture supernatant. here we show that the membrane-anchored lipopr ... | 2016 | 28083519 |
| role of vitamin d in the hygiene hypothesis: the interplay between vitamin d, vitamin d receptors, gut microbiota, and immune response. | the hygiene hypothesis postulates that higher levels of cleanliness and improper exposure to microorganisms early in childhood could disturb the intestinal microbiome resulting in abnormal immune responses. recently, more attention has been put on how a lack of sun exposure and consequently vitamin d deficiency could lead to less immune tolerance and aberrant immune responses. moreover, vitamin d receptor (vdr) function has been positioned to be a critical aspect of immune response and gut homeo ... | 2016 | 28066436 |
| the accuracy of diagnostic tests for lyme disease in humans, a systematic review and meta-analysis of north american research. | there has been an increasing incidence of lyme disease (ld) in canada and the united states corresponding to the expanding range of the ixodes tick vector and lyme disease agent (borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto). there are many diagnostic tests for ld available in north america, all of which have some performance issues, and physicians are concerned about the appropriate use and interpretation of these tests. the objective of this systematic review is to summarize the north american evidence ... | 2016 | 28002488 |
| erratum for chu et al., function of the borrelia burgdorferi ftsh homolog is essential for viability both in vitro and in vivo and independent of hflk/c. | 2016 | 27999167 | |
| against the tide: the role of bacterial adhesion in host colonization. | evolving under the constant exposure to an abundance of diverse microbial life, the human body has developed many ways of defining the boundaries between self and non-self. many physical and immunological barriers to microbial invasion exist, and yet bacteria have found a multitude of ways to overcome these, initiate interactions with and colonize the human host. adhesion to host cells and tissues is a key feature allowing bacteria to persist in an environment under constant flux and to initiate ... | 2016 | 27913666 |
| immunogenetic markers definition in latvian patients with lyme borreliosis and lyme neuroborreliosis. | the aim of this study was to determine the human leukocyte antigen (hla)-drb1 alleles in two groups of patients in latvia: patients with lyme borreliosis and patients with lyme neuroborreliosis. the study included 216 patients with lyme borreliosis, 29 patients with lyme neuroborreliosis and 282 control persons. all surveyed persons were residents of latvia. the hla-dr genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction- sequence specific primer (pcr-ssp). the predisposition to the lyme borrel ... | 2016 | 27916969 |
| rickettsia raoultii in dermacentor reticulatus ticks, chernobyl exclusion zone, ukraine, 2010. | 2016 | 27442796 | |
| establishment of an artificial tick feeding system to study theileria lestoquardi infection. | the establishment of good experimental models for theileria sp. infection is important for theileriosis research. routinely, infection of ticks is accomplished by feeding on parasite-infected animals (sheep, cows and horses), which raises practical and ethical problems, driving the search for alternative methods of tick infection. artificial tick feeding systems are based mainly on rearing ticks on host-derived or hand-made artificial membranes. we developed a modified feeding assay for infectin ... | 2016 | 28036364 |
| whole genome sequence and comparative genomics of the novel lyme borreliosis causing pathogen, borrelia mayonii. | borrelia mayonii, a borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (bbsl) genospecies, was recently identified as a cause of lyme borreliosis (lb) among patients from the upper midwestern united states. by microscopy and pcr, spirochete/genome loads in infected patients were estimated at 105 to 106 per milliliter of blood. here, we present the full chromosome and plasmid sequences of two b. mayonii isolates, mn14-1420 and mn14-1539, cultured from blood of two of these patients. whole genome sequencing and asse ... | 2016 | 28030649 |
| lymphocytoma cutis: diagnostic enigma for the maxillofacial surgeon. | cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia (clh) is a cutaneous pseudolymphoma with a worldwide distribution, equally affecting all races and ethnic groups. due to its vast array of characteristics, it is most often missed in the differential diagnosis of firm to soft lumps on the head and neck. a systematic approach to the workup and diagnosis along with treatment of such lesions is discussed in this article. a 20-year-old asian indian female presented to our oral and maxillofacial unit with a lump on the ... | 2016 | 28053910 |
| pseudomonas aeruginosa enolase influences bacterial tolerance to oxidative stresses and virulence. | pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram negative opportunistic pathogenic bacterium, which causes acute and chronic infections. upon entering the host, bacteria alter global gene expression to adapt to host environment and avoid clearance by the host. enolase is a glycolytic enzyme involved in carbon metabolism. it is also a component of rna degradosome, which is involved in rna processing and gene regulation. here, we report that enolase is required for the virulence of p. aeruginosa in a murine acute ... | 2016 | 28018326 |