| natural and experimental borrelia burgdorferi infections in woodrats and deer mice from california. | sequestration of spirochetes and concurrent histopathologic lesions were evaluated in tissues of borrelia burgdorferi-infected dusky-footed woodrats (neotoma fuscipes) and deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus). rodents were either wild-caught and naturally infected or were experimentally infected by tick bite, by intramuscular (i.m.) injection of cultured spirochetes, or by i.m. injection of tick suspensions. samples of host tissues, including skin, blood, ear, brain, eye, heart, lung, liver, splee ... | 1994 | 7933283 |
| response of the meadow vole (microtus pennsylvanicus) to experimental inoculation with borrelia burgdorferi. | the response of the meadow vole (microtus pennsylvanicus) to infection by experimental inoculation with borrelia burgdorferi was evaluated. forty-two adult voles were inoculated subcutaneously with 0.5 x 10(6) spirochetes. sera taken during the 196 day trial were tested by indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) assay for antibodies to b. burgdorferi. tissues from animals which died during the trial, and from animals killed at 28, 112 and 196 days post-inoculation (dpi), respectively, were cultured ... | 1994 | 7933285 |
| lyme disease spirochetes in a wild fox (vulpes vulpes schrencki) and in ticks. | lyme disease spirochetes were demonstrated in a wild female fox (vulpes vulpes schrencki) and in ixodes persulcatus ticks collected from the fox on sapporo, hokkaido, japan. spirochetes were detected in i. persulcatus, as well as skin lesions, brain, heart, kidney, and liver of the fox. five of seven isolates reacted with a monoclonal antibody against borrelia afzelii specific osp b. deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) relatedness of a brain isolate was 89% to b. afzelii, and ranged from 50 to 67% to th ... | 1994 | 7933292 |
| identification of borrelia burgdorferi in diffuse fasciitis with peripheral eosinophilia: borrelial fasciitis. | to determine if spirochetes could be localized in biopsy specimens of patients with diffuse fasciitis and peripheral eosinophilia. | 1994 | 7933373 |
| experimental induction of lyme arthritis in outbred mice. | outbred ddy mice inoculated with live cells of borrelia burgdorferi strain 297 into hind footpad displayed swelling of the footpad at days 7 to 11 after inoculation. marked neutrophilic infiltration was observed in the subcutaneous tissue and the part of bone tissue which was partially destroyed, and synovial layer of articular capsule was thickened and protruded into the joint space in the histopathological examination of footpad inoculated with live borrelia cells. the inflammation peaked at d ... | 1994 | 7935043 |
| comparison of antibody titers against borrelial strains isolated in japan by the microcapsule agglutination test for serological studies of early lyme disease. | results of a passive microcapsule agglutination test using 2 japanese strains, borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii, were comparable to that of the passive microcapsule agglutination test using a swiss strain borrelia burgdorferi irs in detecting antibodies of an early stage of lyme disease patients in japan. mcat with microcapsule sensitized strain irs seems likely to become one of the important tools for the early diagnosis of lyme disease in the world. the highest titer of mcat was detected ... | 1994 | 7935044 |
| characterization of monoclonal antibodies for identification of borrelia japonica, isolates from ixodes ovatus. | monoclonal antibodies for identification of borrelia japonica isolated from tick, ixodes ovatus and long-tailed shrew, sorex unguiculatus in japan and borrelia related to lyme disease (borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato) were prepared and characterized. all isolates belonging to b. japonica and isolates from i. dentatus and cottontail rabbit in north america reacted with mab o1441b against flagellin which was prepared from immunized mice with strain ho14, type strain of b. japonica, but isolates fr ... | 1994 | 7935066 |
| in vitro antibiotic susceptibilities of borrelia isolates from erythema migrans lesion of lyme disease patients in japan. | antibiotic susceptibilities of twelve borrelial isolates from skin of patients with erythema migrans (em) and ticks (ixodes persulcatus and i. ovatus) in japan were examined by in vitro microdilution mic method and macrodilution mbc method. nine em isolates and 3 tick isolates were susceptible to amoxicillin, erythromycin, and minocycline. mics for japanese isolates were 0.038-0.30 microgram/ml, < 0.012 microgram/ml, and < 0.012-0.05 microgram/ml, respectively. mbcs were as follows: 0.038-0.88 m ... | 1994 | 7935067 |
| a rabbit model of lyme neuroborreliosis: characterization by pcr, serology, and sequencing of the ospa gene from the brain. | to test whether rabbits can serve as a model for lyme neuroborreliosis (lnb), we injected new zealand white rabbits with borrelia burgdorferi. we obtained samples of blood and csf for culture, polymerase chain reaction/hybridization (pcr/h), serology, and western blot. we then sacrificed the rabbits 2 to 3 months after infection and removed organs for culture and pcr/h analysis. the rabbits developed an antibody response, characterized by elisa and western blot analysis, consistent with a system ... | 1994 | 7936251 |
| [endemic threat of lyme borreliosis in bialowicza forestry area]. | lyme borreliosis is a serious diagnostical and therapeutical problem in regions with high exposure of residents to ticks, which are borrelia burgdorferi vectors. the aim of this study was to estimate occurrence of specyfic antibodies and symptoms of lyme borreliosis in białowieza area, as a region of potential endemic presence of this disease. antibodies against b. burgdorferi were found, with an immunoenzymatic assay, in 71 from among 143 of examined persons (49.7%). diagnosis of lyme borrelios ... | 1994 | 7938624 |
| [the role of ticks and small mammals in propagation of borrelia burgdorferi and babesia microti]. | in the present article, the role of ticks and small mammals in the epidemiology of borrelia burgdorferi and babesia microti is reviewed. contrary to other european countries, the zoonotic reservoir of both potogens in poland is unknown. in particular a preliminary analysis of b. burgdorferi and b. microti infections of rodents in district of mazury lake is presented. | 1994 | 7938625 |
| [lyme disease]. | lyme disease is an infectious disease due to borrelia burgdorferi, which is transmitted by a tick bite. bearing ticks belong to the "ixodes" type. germ reservoirs include rodents, birds, deers... the disease onset usually takes place in summer or in autumn. its early stage is characterized by erythema chronicum migrans. the secondary stage, initiated by a virus-like syndrome indicating the hematogenous and lymphatic dissemination may include neurologic symptoms and signs--the most frequent ones ... | 1994 | 7939236 |
| serological follow-up after treatment of borrelia arthritis and acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans. | to study the serological response to borrelia burgdorferi after treatment of late lyme borreliosis, consecutive serum samples from 20 patients with borrelia arthritis and 21 with acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans were analysed with capture igm elisa and indirect igg elisa, both using b. burgdorferi flagella as antigen. seven patients had positive igm od values, whereas all 41 had positive igg od values before therapy. in the majority, highly elevated igg od values were seen. all patients impro ... | 1994 | 7939435 |
| prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi in selected tick populations in finland. | the purpose of the studies was to determine the prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in selected populations of ixodes ricinus in finland and to secure strains of the spirochete for further characterization. 1,210 ixodes ricinus ticks (399 females, 419 males and 392 nymphs) were collected during june to august 1992 by flagging from 8 sites in 3 regions. the frequency of b. burgdorferi infection was determined by isolation in bsk ii medium. the species identity of most of the isolates wa ... | 1994 | 7939436 |
| [the incidence of lyme arthritis and of antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi in rheumatology patients in an endemic area]. | the examination of 231 rheumatic patients, 159 patients with reactive arthritis and 117 rheumatoid arthritis patients identified diagnostic titers of polyvalent antibodies to borrelia in 6.6% of all the examinees with rheumatism, 11.9% with reactive arthritis and in 7.7% with ra. lyme arthritis was diagnosed in 1.3% of reactive arthritis patients. to diagnose lyme arthritis accurately, it is recommended to rest upon clinical symptoms which must be associated with high titers of igg antibodies to ... | 1994 | 7940338 |
| [lyme borreliosis--an infectious disease with interdisciplinary demands]. | lyme borreliosis is an infectious disease with various clinical manifestations, caused by the bacterium borrelia burgdorferi. although symptoms of the disease have been described since more than 100 years ago, it was not until 1982 that the causative organism was discovered. in europe, lyme borreliosis is the most common tick-borne disease, and in endemic regions, a considerable number of clinical cases can be found. the course of the disease is in stages and involves various organ systems, such ... | 1994 | 7940504 |
| familial nephropathy in bernese mountain dogs. | between january 1988 and march 1992 nephropathies were frequently diagnosed in bernese mountain dogs. during this period, 20 animals (16 females, four males), ages 2-5 years (average age at time of diagnosis = 3.3 years) presented with clinically renal insufficiency. morphologic diagnosis of the renal lesions was identical in all cases, i.e., membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (mpgn) with concomitant interstitial nephritis. deposits of immunoglobulin-m (igm) and of the third complement com ... | 1994 | 7941230 |
| lyme disease: a neuropsychiatric illness. | lyme disease is a multisystemic illness that can affect the central nervous system (cns), causing neurologic and psychiatric symptoms. the goal of this article is to familiarize psychiatrists with this spirochetal illness. | 1994 | 7943444 |
| evidence supporting the presence of borrelia burgdorferi in missouri. | although lyme disease is commonly seen in the southcentral united states, the epidemiology of the disease is poorly defined there. the purpose of this study was to document the presence of borrelia burgdorferi in ticks collected in southeastern missouri and around the city of st. louis. spirochetes were detected and identified as b. burgdorferi by immunofluorescent antibody (ifa) tests using the monoclonal antibody h5332 in 1.9% of amblyomma americanum and 2.0% of dermacentor variabilis ticks co ... | 1994 | 7943575 |
| primers are decisive for sensitivity of pcr. | a sufficient sensitivity of pcr is a prerequisite for its use in the diagnosis of infectious diseases. we have used pcr for detecting gene elements of borrelia burgdorferi, mycobacteria and bordetella pertussis. with all these microbe groups, difficulties were encountered in achieving the demanded sensitivity with the primer pairs primarily selected. an extensive testing of various reaction parameters did not improve the sensitivity. subsequently, we synthesized more primers derived from slightl ... | 1994 | 7946322 |
| [despite me, i give up estimating borrelia burgdorferi seroprevalence in ...]. | | 1994 | 7948121 |
| diseases of summer: eee and lyme disease. | | 1994 | 7949454 |
| borrelia burgdorferi and localized scleroderma. | | 1994 | 7954205 |
| juxta-articular fibrotic nodules in borrelia infection--ultrastructural details of therapy-induced regression. | juxta-articular fibrotic nodules in chronic borrelia burgdorferi infection commonly regress rapidly under antibiotic therapy. they may therefore serve as a good in vivo model for studying the development and regression of cutaneous fibrotic processes. as shown in a typical case of acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans, this spirochete-induced fibrosis in the upper subcutis of the elbow region is histologically characterized by broad hyalinized collagen tracts interspersed with prominent perivascul ... | 1994 | 7955495 |
| an in vitro study of the susceptibility of borrelia burgdorferi to hydroxychloroquine sulphate. | | 1994 | 7955617 |
| lyme borreliosis in european children and adolescents. | lyme borreliosis, a multi-system disease caused by infection with borrelia burgdorferi, occurs most commonly in europe and north america. this article reviews the vectors, epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, therapy, and pathogenesis of the disease, with particular regard to european children and adolescents. | 1994 | 7955627 |
| acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans in the united states: clinical and histopathologic features of six cases. | acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans is a chronic cutaneous disease caused by the lyme disease spirochete borrelia burgdorferi. acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans is endemic in some regions of europe but is only rarely seen in the united states. this report describes the clinical and histopathologic findings in six cases of acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans seen at the mayo clinic between 1912 and 1961. histologic differences between early and late phases of the disease were observed, and mult ... | 1994 | 7956339 |
| [the demonstration of borrelia burgdorferi dna in the synovial fluid in lyme arthritis]. | | 1994 | 7956766 |
| borrelia burgdorferi in rodents (apodemus flavicollis and a. sylvaticus): duration and enhancement of infectivity for ixodes ricinus ticks. | ixodes ricinus is an important vector of borrelia burgdorferi in europe, and small rodents (apodemus flavicollis, a. sylvaticus and clethrionomys glareolus) are important sources for infecting ticks. in this study, we examined their reservoir role by studying the duration of their infectivity for ticks. a. flavicollis and a. sylvaticus mice captured in nature were exposed to uninfected i. ricinus larvae at different times after their capture: 10 days, and 2, 7, 11, 14 and 40 months. ticks were e ... | 1994 | 7957795 |
| protective immunity elicited by rbcg vaccines. | the live attenuated mycobacterium bovis strain bacille calmette-guerin (bcg) is still widely used as a vaccine against tuberculosis and therefore offers potential advantages as a safe, live vaccine vehicle for the expression and delivery of protective recombinant antigens. as an attenuated intracellular bacterium residing in macrophages, bcg would seem to be particularly suited for eliciting cellular responses and not humoral responses. efforts to improve the potential for recombinant bcg (rbcg) ... | 1994 | 7958471 |
| simultaneous measurement by flow cytometry of phagocytosis and metabolic burst induced in phagocytic cells in whole blood by borrelia burgdorferi. | this paper describes the interactions between a strain of borrelia burgdorferi and phagocytic cells, measured in whole blood, by a two-color flow cytometric method, which allowed the simultaneous quantification of both the phagocytosis rate and the oxidative burst activation. the data obtained indicated that: a) phagocytosis and metabolic activation increased as a function of spirochete concentration; b) the number of ingesting cells peaked within 10 min but activation followed later, and did no ... | 1994 | 7958771 |
| a 14,000 mw lipoprotein and a glycolipid-like structure of borrelia burgdorferi induce proliferation and immunoglobulin production in mouse b cells at high frequencies. | sonicated preparations of borrelia burgdorferi are able to stimulate unselected resting balb/c spleen cells to proliferate and to produce immunoglobulin in vitro. facs analysis of target cells prestained with an integrated cell-surface marker as well as cell-depletion experiments demonstrate that the majority of responding lymphocytes are b cells. limiting dilution analyses of resting b cells revealed high frequencies of cells producing igm (f 1/11-1/62) or igg (f 1/5-1/163) in response to b. bu ... | 1994 | 7959873 |
| differential immune responses to borrelia burgdorferi in european wild rodent species influence spirochete transmission to ixodes ricinus l. (acari: ixodidae). | immune responses to borrelia burgdorferi and their influence on spirochete transmission to ixodes ricinus were analyzed in the natural european reservoir hosts; i.e., the mouse species apodemus flavicollis (yellow-necked mouse) and apodemus sylvaticus (wood mouse) and the vole species clethrionomys glareolus (bank vole), and, in addition, in the laboratory mouse strain nmri. naive and preimmunized rodents were infected either by artificially infected i. ricinus larvae or by intradermal injection ... | 1994 | 7960113 |
| plasmid location of borrelia purine biosynthesis gene homologs. | the lyme disease spirochete borrelia burgdorferi must survive in both its tick vector and its mammalian host to be maintained in nature. we have identified the b. burgdorferi guaa gene encoding gmp synthetase, an enzyme involved in de novo purine biosynthesis that is important for the survival of bacteria in mammalian blood. this gene encodes a functional product that will complement an escherichia coli gmp synthetase mutant. the gene is located on a 26-kb circular plasmid, adjacent to and diver ... | 1994 | 7961392 |
| subcellular localization and chaperone activities of borrelia burgdorferi hsp60 and hsp70. | subcellular locations and chaperone functions of hsp60 and hsp70 with flagellin were investigated in borrelia burgdorferi. sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and western blot (immunoblot) analysis of fractionated cells showed hsp60 to be present in the soluble fractions and the triton x-100 detergent-soluble membrane fraction at growth temperatures ranging from 20 to 37 degrees c. the relative amount of hsp60 associated with the membrane increased with growth temperature. ... | 1994 | 7961395 |
| fate of borrelia burgdorferi dna in tissues of infected mice after antibiotic treatment. | persistence of borrelia burgdorferi dna in tissues following antibiotic treatment was evaluated in c3h mice inoculated intradermally with 10(3) b. burgdorferi n40 or sterile medium. half of the infected mice and all of the uninfected mice were treated with ceftriaxone 15 days after inoculation for 5 days. ear and urinary bladder samples were collected on days 20, 30, and 60 after inoculation for culture and for extraction of dna and amplification of specific spirochetal dna by polymerase chain r ... | 1994 | 7963735 |
| the t helper cell response in lyme arthritis: differential recognition of borrelia burgdorferi outer surface protein a in patients with treatment-resistant or treatment-responsive lyme arthritis. | the host response to borrelia burgdorferi is likely to play a role in the pathogenesis of lyme arthritis. whereas most patients with lyme arthritis can be cured with antibiotic therapy, approximately 10% of the patients have persistent arthritis for months or even several years after antibiotic treatment. in this study, we tested the hypothesis that the t cell response to one or more antigens of b. burgdorferi is different in patients with treatment-responsive or treatment-resistant lyme arthrit ... | 1994 | 7964484 |
| infection of field-collected ixodes ricinus (acari: ixodidae) larvae with borrelia burgdorferi in switzerland. | free-living larvae from natural areas in five regions in switzerland were collected to determine the infection rate of ixodes ricinus l. larvae by borrelia burgdorferi johnson. larvae were examined for the spirochetes using direct fluorescent antibody assay. of 652 larvae examined, spirochetes were detected in 20 (3.1%). no differences in infection rate among sites were detected. the low prevalence of b. burgdorferi in larvae, compared with higher infection rate in nymphs (12.8%) and adults (14. ... | 1994 | 7966183 |
| borrelia burgdorferi decreases hyaluronan synthesis but increases il-6 production by fibroblasts. | despite the prevalence of clinical data on human lyme disease, little is known about the immunopathologic effects of the causative organism on the host. we studied the effect of borrelia burgdorferi on hyaluronan (hyaluronic acid, hya) production and the effect on interleukin-6 (il-6) synthesis by cultured fibroblasts. the cell line employed in this study produced an average of 1406 ng of hyaluronan/ml within 48 h. using both a morphological staining protocol and a quantitative radiometric assay ... | 1994 | 7968455 |
| comparative studies on borrelia afzelii isolated from a patient of lyme disease, ixodes persulcatus ticks, and apodemus speciosus rodents in japan. | the genospecies borrelia afzelii was isolated from a patient of lyme disease in hokkaido, japan, for the first time, by culturing the minced erythema lesion in bsk ii medium. two analytical methods, rrna gene restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) using the specific primer set to amplify the 16s rrna gene, revealed that this clinical isolate belongs to the group of b. afzelii. in our culture collection of spirochetes, part of the isolates from ixodes ... | 1994 | 7968670 |
| sero-epidemiology of lyme disease in an endemic area in china. | a sero-epidemiological investigation on lyme disease was carried out in a forestry center of hailin county, heilongjiang province, china. a total of 381 participants including forestry workers and their dependents completed questionnaires and had blood samples taken for detection of antibody against borrelia burgdorferi by indirect immunofluorescent assay. of 381 participants, 250 (65.6%) had a history of tick bites between may and july, 1987, and 379 (99.5%) at some time in the past, 56 (14.7%) ... | 1994 | 7968682 |
| [the preliminary results of an ecological epidemiological study of lyme disease in western siberia]. | studies of ixodes persulcatus ticks in omsk, kurgan, and novosibirsk regions revealed natural foci of lyme's disease. vector infection rate varied from 21 to 23.5% in the omsk region, from 30 to 52.9% in the kurgan region, and from 15 to 58.3% in the novosibirsk region. serologic screening of inpatients hospitalized during the epidemic season of 1991 with suspected tick-borne encephalitis and lyme's disease confirmed the latter condition in 10.8% of the examinees in the omsk and in 10% in the ku ... | 1993 | 7968805 |
| [bacterial cns infections in adults in southern lower saxony. a retrospective study of the göttingen neurologic university clinic]. | all 155 patients with suspected bacterial central nervous system (cns) infections treated from 1986 to 1991 at the department of neurology, university of göttingen, were evaluated in a retrospective study. according to the clinical symptoms presented at admission, 7 cases were classified as encephalitis, 44 as meningitis, 15 as radiculitis, 19 as ventriculitis, 61 as meningoencephalitis and 9 as meningoradiculitis. in 78% of these cases, the causative bacteria were either isolated from cerebrosp ... | 1994 | 7969649 |
| [differential diagnostic problems in lyme disease (borrelia infection resulting in acute exogenous psychosis)]. | case of a 31 years old woman suffering from i and ii type atrioventricular heart block, acute exogenic psychosis, intermittent type of fever and arthritis of right knee was described by the authors. the non typical clinical picture, the extremely elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and the exogenic type of psychosis caused differential diagnostic difficulties. besides polysymptomatic autoimmune disorder, lyme disease as emerged although there were no data of vector bite. in the consequence o ... | 1994 | 7970642 |
| false positive ebna igm and igg antibody tests for infectious mononucleosis in children. | to assess the reliability of the monolert test, a new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of acute infectious mononucleosis (im). | 1994 | 7971007 |
| effects of borrelia burgdorferi organisms on the functional characteristics and membrane integrity of the canine spermatozoa. | two experiments were conducted to study the effect(s) of borrelia burgdorferi and its metabolites (toxicants?) on canine spermatozoa, using b burgdorferi type strain b-31 and ejaculates from 5 sexually mature dogs. in experiment 1 the spirochetes were cocultured with semen and incubated under various conditions, and in experiment 2 the spirochetes were sonicated to release the metabolites/toxicants. the sonicate was then cultured with the semen. the parameters investigated were kinematics and pe ... | 1994 | 7975127 |
| [manifestation of lyme arthritis in the puerperal period]. | lyme disease, a tick-transmitted spirochetal illness caused by borrelia burgdorferi, usually begins with a characteristic erythema chronicum migrans accompanied by flu-like symptoms. this phase may later be followed by meningitis, neuritis, carditis or arthritis. congenital abnormalities due to maternal infection during pregnancy have been described. we report on a case of a 36-year old v gravida iii para. after a normal pregnancy and a cesarean section the patient developed postpartal an acute ... | 1994 | 7975802 |
| impact of the saponin adjuvant qs-21 and aluminium hydroxide on the immunogenicity of recombinant ospa and ospb of borrelia burgdorferi. | the impact of the adjuvants qs-21 and aluminium hydroxide (alum) on the immunogenicity of recombinant outer surface proteins a (ospa) and b (ospb) of borrelia burgdorferi was investigated. both non-acylated ospa and ospb derived from strain b31 were expressed in escherichia coli and purified by reversible citraconylation and anion-exchange chromatography. antisera to ospa or ospb were prepared in mice with antigens formulated with qs-21 or alum, and evaluated for specific immunoglobulin g isotyp ... | 1994 | 7975834 |
| [the neurological syndromes in lyme disease in children]. | clinical characteristics of lyme disease (ld) course in children have been studied. altogether 86 patients were examined. serodiagnosis was made in patients basing on indirect immunofluorescence and enzyme immunoassay with ld agent antigens. erythema--free forms, combination of mite-borne borrelia infection with tick-borne encephalitis were detected. two clinicoimmunological ld variants were verified: seropositive and seronegative mite-borne borrelia infection with typical clinical manifestation ... | 1994 | 7975984 |
| effectiveness of antimicrobial treatment against borrelia burgdorferi infection in mice. | although antimicrobial agents are effective therapy for early lyme disease, optimal treatment schedules have not been conclusively established. the efficacy of various dosages of eight antibiotics used for borreliosis treatment was evaluated for c3h/hencribr mice, which reproducibly develop persistent infection, arthritis, and carditis when inoculated with borrelia burgdorferi. amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ceftriaxone, and high-dose penicillin g effectively eliminated infection and disease. oxyt ... | 1994 | 7979290 |
| diversity of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato evidenced by restriction fragment length polymorphism of rrf (5s)-rrl (23s) intergenic spacer amplicons. | the organization of the ribosomal genes is unique in borrelia burgdorferi in that the rrl (23s) and rrf (5s) genes are tandemly duplicated. we took advantage of this uniqueness to assess the restriction polymorphism of pcr products obtained with primers at the 3' end of the first rrf gene and at the 5' end of the second rrl gene. an amplicon that was 226 to 266 bp long was generated from 99 to 100 b. burgdorferi sensu lato strains. the nuclease msei restriction polymorphism of the amplicons prov ... | 1994 | 7981102 |
| [viral encephalitis after tick bite]. | tbe is caused by a flavivirus and is endemic in certain areas of central and eastern europe, such as austria, the south of germany, hungary, czechoslovakia, poland, the former yugoslavia and sng and certain areas of sweden and finland. recent developments in the eastern european countries have made them popular with danish travellers, who are thus exposed to infection. until now tbe has been a very rare disease in denmark. the clinical course is biphasic being preceded by an incubation period of ... | 1994 | 7985272 |
| childhood neurologic disorders and lyme disease during pregnancy. | to determine the prevalence of clinically significant nervous system disease attributable to transplacental transmission of borrelia burgdorferi, we surveyed neurologists in areas of the united states in which lyme disease is endemic (i.e., massachusetts, rhode island, connecticut, new york, new jersey, wisconsin, and minnesota). overall, 162 of the 176 (92%) pediatric neurologists contacted responded to the survey with a range of 90-100% in the different geographic areas. one pediatric neurolog ... | 1994 | 7986291 |
| cloning and dna sequence analysis of bmpc, a gene encoding a potential membrane lipoprotein of borrelia burgdorferi. | immunoscreening of a lambda gt11 genomic library of borrelia burgdorferi expressed in escherichia coli permitted detection of a clone containing a partial sequence of a b. burgdorferi gene encoding a protein with significant homology to tmpc of treponema pallidum. subsequent cloning and dna sequence analysis revealed an open reading frame encoding a protein with 353 amino acid residues. the open reading frame is preceded by putative promoter sequences and a ribosome binding site, and is initiate ... | 1994 | 7988902 |
| relationship between infectivity and ospc expression in lyme disease borrelia. | borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto strain 297 and b. garinii strains hp1 and 12-92 were serially subcultured for 36-50 passages in vitro for 1 year. all low-passage strains showed abundant expression of outer surface protein c (ospc) in the 22-23-kda range, but the high-passage strains lost or showed reduced expression of ospc in comparison with the low-passage strains. the low-passage strains efficiently infected outbred ddy mice when inoculated into the hind footpad or peritoneal cavity. in co ... | 1994 | 7988912 |
| comparison of four immunoserologic assays for detection of antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi in patients with culture-positive erythema migrans. | in view of the significant sequelae associated with lyme borreliosis, there is a need for timely and accurate diagnosis of erythema migrans (em). although borrelia burgdorferi can be cultured from biopsies of em lesions, immunodiagnostic testing is more widely available. four immunoserologic methods were studied by using the sera of 51 patients with em lesions that were culture positive for b. burgdorferi. nineteen patients had single primary lesions, and thirty-two had multiple secondary lesion ... | 1994 | 7989549 |
| systemic and mucosal immunity induced by bcg vector expressing outer-surface protein a of borrelia burgdorferi. | the bacillus calmette-guerin (bcg) is a live attenuated strain of mycobacterium bovis which offers potential advantages as a vector for mucosal delivery of antigens. recombinant bcg elicits protective humoral immune responses to a variety of antigens. furthermore, bcg binds specifically to microfold cells present in the epithelium overlying lymphoid follicles throughout the mucosal immune system. here we show that a single intranasal vaccination with recombinant bcg expressing the outer-surface ... | 1994 | 7990928 |
| [serologic diagnosis of infections caused by borrelia burgdorferi]. | this investigation was aimed at selection of optimal serological test for diagnosis of borreliosis occurring at our territory. in our investigations, and indirect immunofluorescence test (if) was used in which antigen consisted of an american strain of borrelia burgdorferi b31 and immunoenzymatic test (ie) with an antigen prepared from an european strain. hundred sixty eight sera were tested, including 138 sera received from patients with suspection of borreliosis or directed for testing because ... | 1994 | 7996935 |
| evidence for the involvement of different genospecies of borrelia in the clinical outcome of lyme disease in belgium. | in addition ot borrelia burgdorferi, recognized as the aetiological agent of lyme disease, at least two separate genospecies have recently been described. a relationship between infection by strains belonging to different genospecies and clinical outcome has been suspected. in this paper, 9 cases of lyme arthritis were attributed to infection by b. burgdorferi sensu stricto, 18 cases of neuroborreliosis to b. garinii and one case of acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans to a strain of b. afzelii. ... | 1994 | 7997645 |
| [paralysis of abdominal muscles caused by lyme disease]. | a 67-year old patient with meningoradiculitis due to borrelia burgdorferi presented with unilateral trunk dysesthesias and severe asymmetrical abdominal distension. the causes of abdominal wall paralysis are reviewed. | 1993 | 7997746 |
| acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans: a case report and review of the literature. | we report a 55-year-old woman with acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans (aca) and a peripheral sensory neuropathy. aca is an uncommon late cutaneous manifestation of lyme disease, which follows disseminated borrelia burgdorferi infection. this is the second published case from the u.k. since serological diagnosis has been available. in this patient the diagnosis was confirmed by serology using a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblotting techniques. b. burgdorferi dna was demo ... | 1994 | 7999602 |
| the epidemiology of lyme disease in delaware 1989-1992. | the study was conducted to describe the temporal, geographic, demographic and treatment characteristics of lyme disease in delaware and to assist health planners in developing and implementing control strategies. | 1994 | 8001695 |
| [current aspects in diagnosis and therapy of pediatric facial paralysis]. | between 1986 and 1992, 60 children with facial nerve palsy (fnp) were examined at the orl hospital at erlangen-nuremberg university. by using blood and cerebrospinal fluid (csf)-serological tests acute infection with borrelia burgdorferi (b.b.) could be proved in 16 of 40 children (40%) whose pareses could not be clarified etiologically at first examination. whereas all idiopathic fnp patients (22) had normal csf-results, more than half of the b.b.-infected children showed pathological findings, ... | 1994 | 8002370 |
| isolation and partial characterization of borrelia burgdorferi inner and outer membranes by using isopycnic centrifugation. | in order to characterize the protein composition of the outer membrane of borrelia burgdorferi, we have isolated inner and outer membranes by using discontinuous sucrose density step gradients. outer and inner membrane fractions isolated by this method contained less than 1 and 2%, respectively, of the total lactate dehydrogenase activity (soluble marker) in cell lysate. more importantly, the purified outer membranes contained less than 4% contamination by the c subunit of f1/f0 atpase (inner me ... | 1994 | 8002566 |
| electron microscopy and the polymerase chain reaction of spirochetes from the blood of patients with lyme disease. | results of studies using direct antigen detection suggest that seronegative lyme borreliosis is not rare and support the hypothesis that borrelia antigens can persist in humans. we report three successful cultures from blood out of 30 attempts from 96 lyme disease patients. the proof of borreliaemia in early or late phases of lyme disease by immuno-capture electron microscopy has practical importance for subsequent cultivation. the polymerase chain reaction with oligonucleotide sequences directe ... | 1993 | 8004045 |
| comparison in the immunological properties of borrelia burgdorferi isolates from ixodes ricinus derived from three endemic areas in switzerland. | borrelia burgdorferi isolates were obtained from ixodes ricinus from three sites in switzerland. they were examined by sds-page and immunoblotting. the phenotypes, in respect of three outer surface proteins (osp), differed between the sites of collection. in site 1, most isolates had an ospa of 31 kda and an ospb of 34 kda; in site 2, isolates presenting an ospa of 33 kda dominated and in site 3, the isolates with an ospa of 32 kda and an ospb of 35 kda were most frequent. this distribution diff ... | 1994 | 8005219 |
| a 9.0-kilobase-pair circular plasmid of borrelia burgdorferi encodes an exported protein: evidence for expression only during infection. | in this study, we report the cloning, sequencing, and molecular analysis of a gene located on a 9.0-kbp circular plasmid of virulent borrelia burgdorferi b31 designated eppa (exported plasmid protein a). this gene encodes a precursor protein of 174 amino acids including a signal peptide of 20 amino acids and a type i signal peptidase cleavage site. the mature eppa protein of 154 amino acids has a calculated molecular weight of 17,972. several lines of evidence suggest that eppa is not expressed ... | 1994 | 8005657 |
| a family of surface-exposed proteins of 20 kilodaltons in the genus borrelia. | relapsing fever and lyme disease spirochetes of the genus borrelia display at their surfaces abundant lipoproteins: vmp proteins in borrelia hermsii and osp proteins in borrelia burgdorferi. vmp and osp proteins largely determine serotype specificity, and neutralizing antibodies of infected or immunized animals are directed at them. for the present study, we examined b. hermsii serotype 33, which is unique among strain hs1 serotypes in the low frequency of switches to other serotypes during infe ... | 1994 | 8005669 |
| development of destructive arthritis in vaccinated hamsters challenged with borrelia burgdorferi. | we present the first direct evidence that adverse effects, particularly severe destructive arthritis, can develop in vaccinated hamsters after challenge with borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolates. hamsters were vaccinated with a whole-cell preparation of formalin-inactivated b. burgdorferi sensu stricto isolate c-1-11 in adjuvant. a severe destructive arthritis was readily evoked in vaccinated hamsters challenged with the homologous b. burgdorferi sensu stricto isolate c-1-11 before high leve ... | 1994 | 8005672 |
| lyme disease: an infectious and postinfectious syndrome. | to determine chronic morbidity and the variables that influence recovery in patients who had been treated for lyme disease. | 1994 | 8006888 |
| [neurologic manifestations in lyme disease. apropos of 22 cases]. | the main clinical and biological features of 22 cases of neurological forms of lyme disease are reviewed. radiculitis (n = 15), cranial nevritis (n = 7), meningitis (n = 5) and encephalitis (n = 4) are often associated. tick bites were previously noticed in only 40% of cases; erythema chronicum migrans in 73%, "one to six months before the onset of neurological symptoms". titers of borrelia burgdorferi antibodies were always above 1/256. among 18 patients, dr w2 hla haplotype was present in 15. | 1993 | 8009078 |
| [epilepsy disclosing neuroborreliosis]. | after two seizures, a 13 year-old boy experienced headache, fatigue and loss of appetite over a period of 3 weeks. there was a bilateral papilledema with normal visual acuity. ct and mri disclosed two ischemic foci, that were interpreted as evidence of vasculitis. high serum levels of igg and igm antibodies specific to borrelia burgdorferi, were present. the patient had attended an outdoor scout camp in a area, in south-east belgium, known to be endemic for tick-born borreliosis. the clinical sy ... | 1993 | 8009148 |
| canine lyme disease: clinical and serological evaluations in 21 dogs in japan. | of 21 dogs from sapporo, hokkaido that had been recognised as having been bitten by ticks, 16 were seropositive to borrelia burgdorferi by elisa. thirteen of the seropositive dogs showed signs such as fever, astasia, convulsions, anorexia, fatigue, abnormal gait, nervous signs, diarrhoea, corneal opacity and conjunctivitis. these signs subsided as a result of antibiotic treatment within five days. the plasma concentrations of creatinine in the 21 dogs were higher than in control dogs. seven tick ... | 1994 | 8009799 |
| the complex formation of influenza virus envelope glycoproteins with outer membrane proteins of neisseria meningitidis or borrelia burgdorferi. | the isolation of influenza virus envelope glycoproteins was achieved by one-step procedure consisting of treatment of purified virus with zwitterionic detergent and separation of viral constituents by sucrose density gradient centrifugation. viral glycoproteins and proteins of outer membrane of n. meningitidis or b. burgdorferi formed complexes after removal of the detergent by dialysis. complexing of viral glycoproteins and bacterial proteins was monitored by gel chromatography on sepharose 6b, ... | 1993 | 8010183 |
| molecular diagnosis of borrelia burgdorferi infection (lyme disease). | | 1994 | 8011171 |
| prevalence of antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi in danish deer. | to estimate the prevalence of antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi in the most common species of danish deer, blood samples were collected from roe deer (capreolus capreolus), fallow deer (dama dama), and red deer (cervus elaphus). a total of 156 blood samples were collected primarily from hunts in three areas of denmark from november 1990 to december 1991. presence of deer igg antibodies to the borrelia burgdorferi strain dk ecm 1 were shown by an indirect immunofluorescence assay at serum titre ... | 1994 | 8011306 |
| no evidence to implicate borrelia burgdorferi in the pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy in the united kingdom. | to determine whether borrelia burgdorferi is implicated in the pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy in the united kingdom. | 1994 | 8011411 |
| [intrafamilial infection caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae, neurological involvement and positive borrelia burgdorferi serology]. | | 1994 | 8011708 |
| [lyme disease in the province of soria: clinico-epidemiologic study]. | to determine the prevalence of the borrelia burgdorferi infection in the soria province, and the detection of the human disease cases. | 1994 | 8011711 |
| solid-phase synthesis of biologically active lipopeptides as analogs for spirochetal lipoproteins. | bacterial lipoproteins, which are of particular interest because of their immunomodulatory activities, share a common n-terminal structural motif that consists of an n-acyl-s-diacylglyceryl cysteine residue. synthetic tripalmitoylated analogs of the n-terminal sequences of several bacterial lipopetides have been found to reproduce the immunological activities of the corresponding intact lipoproteins. methods for the synthesis of lipopeptide analogs of bacterial lipoproteins have hitherto relied ... | 1994 | 8012126 |
| seroprotective groups of lyme borreliosis spirochetes from north america and europe. | five distinct seroprotective groups among north american and european isolates of borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia garinii, and borrelia afzelii have been identified using the in vitro borreliacidal assay. the predominant north american seroprotective group comprised isolate 297 and b. burgdorferi isolates from california, illinois, wisconsin, new york, and texas. a second group was represented by isolate c-1-11. the majority of european isolates belonged to a seroprotective group co ... | 1994 | 8014485 |
| amplifying role of edible dormice in lyme disease transmission in central europe. | to determine whether the presence of edible dormice (glis glis) amplifies the risk of human infection by the lyme disease spirochete (borrelia burgdorferi), the capacity of dormice as reservoir hosts was compared with that of other potential reservoirs in a central european site where risk of human infection is intense. dormice appeared to be more heavily infested by subadult vector wood ticks (ixodes ricinus) than were other reservoir hosts. although their spirochete competence was similar to o ... | 1994 | 8014486 |
| the risk of acquiring lyme disease or babesiosis from a blood transfusion. | to determine the risk of acquiring lyme disease or babesiosis from blood transfusion, serum was collected before and 6 weeks after patients received multiple transfusions during cardiothoracic surgery and antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi and babesia microti were measured. of 155 subjects, 149 received 601 total units of packed red blood cells (prbc) and 48 received 371 total units of platelets. no patient developed clinical or serologic evidence of lyme disease; 1 (who received 5 units of prbc ... | 1994 | 8014507 |
| cytologically proven seronegative lyme choroiditis and vitritis. | to report on a vitreous specimen in a 53-year-old patient with unilateral choroiditis and vitritis of unknown cause. | 1994 | 8016460 |
| circulating borrelia burgdorferi in patients with acute lyme disease: results of blood cultures and serum dna analysis. | to determine the usefulness of blood culture and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) analysis in detecting circulating borrelia burgdorferi or its dna, blood and serum from untreated patients with acute lyme disease were examined. none of the cultures of blood or serum from the 7 patients tested demonstrated spirochetes. similarly, all patient serum samples, assayed in two laboratories, were negative for b. burgdorferi dna using pcr amplification. these results suggest that in patients with acute ly ... | 1993 | 8018136 |
| induction of experimental allergic arthritis with outer surface proteins of borrelia burgdorferi. | the arthritogenic potential of the cationic outer surface proteins (osp) from borrelia burgdorferi was tested in rats. | 1994 | 8024615 |
| uveitis and lyme borreliosis. | in a retrospective study 56 consecutive patients with uveitis of unknown origin and 56 consecutive patients suffering from uveitis of established aetiology were investigated. the purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of positive serological tests for lyme borreliosis among patients with uveitis and to relate laboratory data to clinical findings. the antibody titre for borrelia burgdorferi was determined by two assays: the indirect immunofluorescence assay and the enzyme linked imm ... | 1993 | 8025042 |
| problems of isolating borrelia burgdorferi from ticks collected in united kingdom foci of lyme disease. | many isolates of borrelia burgdorferi have been obtained from ticks and vertebrate tissues collected in north america and continental europe but only one established culture of united kingdom borrelia burgdorferi has been recorded. in this paper we report the isolation of b. burgdorferi from one of 108 tick pools representing 733 ticks and eight-four tissue samples from twenty-six rodents collected in the u.k, and the subsequent failure to establish the isolate (from ticks collected in fordingbr ... | 1994 | 8025327 |
| use of a hybrid protein consisting of the variable region of the borrelia burgdorferi flagellin and part of the 83-kda protein as antigen for serodiagnosis of lyme disease. | a hybrid protein consisting of the variable region of the borrelia burgdorferi flagellin (an 18-kda fragment) and a 59-kda fragment (lacking the n-terminal part) of the 83-kda protein has been constructed by genetic engineering. it was expressed as a nonfusion protein of an apparent molecular weight of 77,000 in escherichia coli. the suitability of this new antigen for the diagnosis of lyme disease was tested by immunoblotting; for comparison, the recombinant variable region of the flagellin, th ... | 1994 | 8027303 |
| detection of leptospiral dna by pcr. | an ecori fragment (1.2 kb) which is highly conserved among leptospira interrogans isolated in korea was cloned into pbluescript vector from l. interrogans serovar lai wh20. the ecori fragment was sequenced, and a pair of primers (lp1 and lp2) was designed for pcr assay. pcr amplification of target dna obtained from cultured l. interrogans showed that 274 bp could be detected when as little as 100 fg of leptospiral genomic dna was used in the reaction mixture. no amplification of dna was detected ... | 1994 | 8027306 |
| a chromosomal borrelia burgdorferi gene encodes a 22-kilodalton lipoprotein, p22, that is serologically recognized in lyme disease. | we describe the isolation of the gene encoding a 22-kda antigen from borrelia burgdorferi, the etiologic agent of lyme disease. the p22 gene is 582 nucleotides in length and encodes a protein of 194 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 21.8 kda. the leader signal sequence of p22 consists of a positively charged short amino terminus, a central hydrophobic domain, and at the carboxyl terminus, a cleavage site that is presumably recognized and cleaved by a b. burgdorferi signal peptidase. ... | 1994 | 8027338 |
| detection and identification of leptospira interrogans serovars by pcr coupled with restriction endonuclease analysis of amplified dna. | primers for pcr were selected from a sequenced fragment of clone pl590, which contains a repetitive element present in the genome of leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo type hardjoprajitno (m. l. pacciarini, m. l. savio, s. tagliabue, and c. rossi, j. clin. microbiol. 30:1243-1249, 1992). a specific dna fragment was amplified from the genomic dnas of serovar hardjo type hardjoprajitno and nine serovars also belonging to l. interrogans as a consequence of the spread of the same or a closely rel ... | 1994 | 8027346 |
| predictive value of serology in diagnosing lyme borreliosis. | to compare the predictive value of immunoblotting and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) in diagnosing lyme borreliosis. | 1994 | 8027373 |
| molecular subtyping of borrelia burgdorferi in erythema migrans and acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans. | recently, three subtypes of borrelia burgdorferi have been identified: borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia garinii, and the vs 461 group of borrelia burgdorferi. these subtypes differ by nucleotide sequence variations within several borrelia burgdorferi specific genes and most likely by their pathogenetic potential. to assess whether different subtypes of borrelia burgdorferi might be associated with different cutaneous manifestations and clinical courses of lyme disease, lesional skin ... | 1994 | 8027576 |
| experimental infection of borrelia burgdorferi in white-tailed deer. | four white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) were experimentally inoculated with borrelia burgdorferi to determine serologic response by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and immunoblotting. deer had antibodies by elisa by 2 to 3 wk post-inoculation (pi) and remained positive for 10 wk. deer demonstrated immunoblotting reactivity between 10 and 14 days pi and consistently showed antibody response to nine b. burgdorferi antigens. attempts were made to recover the spirochete from blood ... | 1994 | 8028097 |
| experimental borrelia burgdorferi infection in peromyscus leucopus. | we evaluated the susceptibility of laboratory-reared adult and infant white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) to a known pathogenic isolate of borrelia burgdorferi (n40). two-month-old and 3-day-old peromyscus were inoculated intradermally with 10(6) to 10(7) spirochetes. at 21 days for adults or 30 days for infants post inoculation, mice were killed, and tissues were cultured for spirochetes and examined microscopically. based on serology and culture, adult mice became infected but did not have ... | 1994 | 8028098 |
| serologic investigations of canine parvovirus and canine distemper in relation to wolf (canis lupus) pup mortalities. | twenty-one serum samples from 18 wolves (canis lupus) were collected from 1985 to 1990 from northwestern montana (usa) and southeastern british columbia, canada, and evaluated for antibodies to canine parvovirus (cpv), canine distemper (cd), infectious canine hepatitis, and lyme disease; we found prevalences of 13 (65%) of 19, five (29%) of 17, seven (36%) of 19, and 0 of 20 wolves for these diseases, respectively. pups died or disappeared in three of the eight packs studied. in these three pack ... | 1994 | 8028116 |
| [liver changes and positive serology against borrelia burgdorferi]. | | 1994 | 8028426 |
| [borreliosis]. | borreliosis which incidence and epidemic range are constantly increasing is an infectious zoonosis, detected in the town of lyme, connecticut, usa in 1975. this disease is caused by borrelia burgdorferi transmitted by ticks. it relatively easily responds to antibiotic therapy. making of correct diagnosis, however, causes more problems. the disease has often atypical course, its phases overlap. it may also mimic collagen diseases and other spirochetoses. the relatively low specificity of serologi ... | 1993 | 8030328 |
| lyme disease, rocky mountain spotted fever, ehrlichiosis: emerging and established challenges for the clinician. | the goal of this review is to facilitate the management of patients with tick-associated diseases. this article will discuss the epidemiology, clinical diagnosis, and antimicrobial therapy of lyme disease, rocky mountain spotted fever, and ehrlichiosis. | 1994 | 8030801 |