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influence of novel norovirus gii.4 variants on gastroenteritis outbreak dynamics in alberta and the northern territories, canada between 2000 and 2008.norovirus gii.4 is the predominant genotype circulating worldwide over the last decade causing 80% of all norovirus outbreaks with new gii.4 variants reported in parallel with periodic epidemic waves of norovirus outbreaks. the circulating new gii.4 variants and the epidemiology of norovirus outbreaks in alberta, canada have not been described. our hypothesis is that the periodic epidemic norovirus outbreak activity in alberta was driven by new gii.4 variants evolving by genetic drift.201020661286
emergence of a new norovirus gii.4 variant and changes in the historical biennial pattern of norovirus outbreak activity in alberta, canada, from 2008 to 2013.the public health impact of the emergence of new norovirus (nov) strains is uncertain. a biennial pattern of alternating quiescent and epidemic levels of nov outbreak activity associated with the emergence of new gii.4 variants was observed in alberta, canada, between july 2000 and june 2008. in this study, nov genogroup i (gi) and gii strains isolated from 710 outbreak specimens in alberta between july 2008 and january 2013 were characterized to update historical data. the seasonality and annua ...201323637302
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