| inhibitory bacteria reduce fungi on early life stages of endangered colorado boreal toads (anaxyrus boreas). | increasingly, host-associated microbiota are recognized to mediate pathogen establishment, providing new ecological perspectives on health and disease. amphibian skin-associated microbiota interact with the fungal pathogen, batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (bd), but little is known about microbial turnover during host development and associations with host immune function. we surveyed skin microbiota of colorado's endangered boreal toads (anaxyrus boreas), sampling 181 toads across four life stage ... | 2016 | 26565725 |
| stability and permanence in gender- and stage-structured models for the boreal toad. | the boreal toad bufo boreas boreas, once common in the western usa, is listed as an endangered species in colorado and new mexico, and protected in wyoming. populations have dramatically declined due to the presence of the fungal pathogen batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (bd). a gender- and stage-structured model for the boreal toad is formulated which depends on its life cycle and breeding strategies. in addition, an epizootic model for the spread of bd is formulated. analysis of these models pro ... | 2011 | 22877227 |
| distribution and pathogenicity of batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in boreal toads from the grand teton area of western wyoming. | the pathogen batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (bd), which causes the skin disease chytridiomycosis, has been linked to amphibian population declines and extinctions worldwide. bd has been implicated in recent declines of boreal toads, bufo boreas boreas, in colorado but populations of boreal toads in western wyoming have high prevalence of bd without suffering catastrophic mortality. in a field and laboratory study, we investigated the prevalence of bd in boreal toads from the grand teton ecosyste ... | 2009 | 19418097 |
| acute toxicity of zinc to several aquatic species native to the rocky mountains. | national water-quality criteria for the protection of aquatic life are based on toxicity tests, often using organisms that are easy to culture in the laboratory. species native to the rocky mountains are poorly represented in data sets used to derive national water-quality criteria. to provide additional data on the toxicity of zinc, several laboratory acute-toxicity tests were conducted with a diverse assortment of fish, benthic invertebrates, and an amphibian native to the rocky mountains. tes ... | 2012 | 21811884 |