| mortality in laysan ducks (anas laysanensis) by emaciation complicated by echinuria uncinata on laysan island, hawaii, 1993. | in november 1993, unusual mortality occurred among endangered laysan ducks on laysan island, one of the remote refugia of the northwestern hawaiian islands national wildlife refuge (usa). ten live ducks were emaciated, and blood samples documented anemia, heterophilia, and eosinophilia. pathology in 13 duck carcasses revealed emaciation, marked thickening of the proventricular wall, abundant mucus, and nodules in the gastrointestinal tract. histology revealed granulomata associated with nematode ... | 2004 | 15137496 |