| tomato spotted wilt virus in ornamental plants, vegetables and weeds in the czech republic. | the occurrence of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) in horticulture crops and weeds in the czech republic has been studied in 1992-1997. during this period tswv was established in 91 plant species. virus identity was based on the host range, serology and electron microscopy. natural tswv infection was detected in glasshouses where the main vector frankliniella occidentalis was present too. the most frequently tswv-infected plant species were chrysanthemum morifolium and zantedeschia sp. among veg ... | 1998 | 10358737 |
| the detection of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) in individual thrips using real time fluorescent rt-pcr (taqman). | tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) is an important virus, economically in the uk, causing damaging disease in ornamental and vegetable crops. the virus is vectored by several species of thrips, most importantly the western flower thrips (frankliniella occidentalis pergande [thysanoptera: thripidae]). the vector thrips themselves constitute a damaging pest and are difficult to control completely. monitoring thrips numbers is an important part of the control of virus, but does not give information o ... | 2002 | 11849682 |
| the plant virus tomato spotted wilt tospovirus activates the immune system of its main insect vector, frankliniella occidentalis. | tospoviruses have the ability to infect plants and their insect vectors. tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv), the type species in the tospovirus genus, infects its most important insect vector, frankliniella occidentalis, the western flower thrips (wft). however, no detrimental effects on the life cycle or cytopathological changes have been reported in the wft after tswv infection, and relatively few viral particles can be observed even several days after infection. we hypothesized that tswv infect ... | 2004 | 15113877 |
| dynamics of tomato spotted wilt virus replication in the alimentary canal of two thrips species. | abstract transmission of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) is dependent on virus uptake in the midgut prior to virus movement to the salivary glands. replication of tswv in the alimentary canal of tobacco thrips (tt, frankliniella fusca) and western flower thrips (wft, f. occidentalis) was investigated by immunolocalization of the nonstructural protein (nss) encoded by the small rna of tswv and fluorescence microscopy. analysis of cohorts during development from larva to adults following virus ac ... | 2002 | 18943268 |
| characterisation of the feeding behaviour of western flower thrips in terms of electrical penetration graph (epg) waveforms. | western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) causes damage to plants when they are feeding. also, this thrips species transmits tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) during stylet penetration. we investigated the penetration behaviour (probing) of thrips on pepper leaves and on liquid diet by electrical penetration graph (epg, dc-system) recording. in addition, we used high-magnification video observations to correlate epg waveforms with the insect's posture, head movements, and muscl ... | 2003 | 12769993 |
| epidemiology and management of tomato spotted wilt in peanut. | tomato spotted wilt caused by thrips-vectored tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) is a very serious problem in peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) production. tswv and the thrips frankliniella fusca and frankliniella occidentalis, which vector the virus, present a difficult and complicated challenge from the perspectives of both epidemiology and disease management. simply controlling the vector typically has not resulted in control of spotted wilt. no single measure can currently provide adequate control ... | 2003 | 12704217 |
| analysis of expressed sequence tags for frankliniella occidentalis, the western flower thrips. | thrips are members of the insect order thysanoptera and frankliniella occidentalis (the western flower thrips) is the most economically important pest within this order. f. occidentalis is both a direct pest of crops and an efficient vector of plant viruses, including tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv). despite the world-wide importance of thrips in agriculture, there is little knowledge of the f. occidentalis genome or gene functions at this time. a normalized cdna library was constructed from fi ... | 2010 | 20522119 |
| detection of tomato spotted wilt virus in its vector frankliniella occidentalis by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. | a method for rapid and reliable detection of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) (tospovirus, bunyaviridae) in its vector frankliniella occidentalis (thysanoptera thripidae) would be a useful tool for studying the epidemiology of this virus. a rt-pcr method developed for this purpose is reported. the method was tested on thrips involved in laboratory transmission trials and on thrips collected in the field, whose capability to transmit tswv was checked previously by leaf disk assays. the rt-pcr res ... | 2003 | 12668270 |
| the route of tomato spotted wilt virus inside the thrips body in relation to transmission efficiency. | the route of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) in the body of its vectors, frankliniella occidentalis and thrips tabaci (thysanoptera: thripidae) was studied during their development. first instar larvae were allowed, immediately upon hatching, to acquire virus from mechanically infected datura stramonium plants for 24 h. the rate of transmission by adults was determined in inoculation access feeding test on emilia sonchifolia leaf disks. thrips tissues were analysed for infection at 24 h interva ... | 2002 | 12417949 |
| evaluation of metabolic detoxifying enzyme activities and insecticide resistance in frankliniella occidentalis. | the western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) is a very significant pest of a number of different agricultural crops in the south-east of spain. the importance of thrips as a pest is not due mainly to the direct damage inflicted on the plant, but to the loss in commercial value which occurs as a consequence of the development of dark spots caused by the tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) which they transmit. the economic threshold is therefore almost zero, which enhances the prob ... | 2002 | 12233183 |
| expression of the movement protein of tomato spotted wilt virus in its insect vector frankliniella occidentalis. | tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) is able to infect both its botanical hosts and its insect vector (thrips). in plant tissue the ns(m) protein of tswv functions as viral movement protein (mp), aggregating into plasmodesma-penetrating tubules to establish cell-to-cell movement. as upon heterologous expression ns(m) was able to form similar tubules on the surface of insect (spodoptera frugiperda) cells, we have now investigated the expression and cellular manifestation of this protein in infected t ... | 2002 | 12038691 |
| factors determining vector competence and specificity for transmission of tomato spotted wilt virus. | the competence of a frankliniella occidentalis and a thrips tabaci population to transmit tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) was analysed. adults of the f. occidentalis population transmitted this virus efficiently, whereas those of the thelytokous t. tabaci population failed to transmit. tswv replicated in the midgut of the larvae of both populations after ingestion of virus; however, lower amounts accumulated in t. tabaci larvae than in f. occidentalis larvae. the virus was almost undetectable i ... | 2002 | 11842261 |
| multiplication of tomato spotted wilt virus in primary cell cultures derived from two thrips species. | primary cell cultures prepared from embryos of the thrips species frankliniella occidentalis and thrips tabaci were tested for their potential to support replication of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv). using polyclonal antibodies against the viral nucleocapsid protein (n) and indirect immunofluorescent staining, discrete spots with strong signals were observed in the cytoplasm at 48 h post-inoculation in the cell cultures of a f. occidentalis, and a t. tabaci population which failed to transmit ... | 1997 | 9178497 |
| proteomic analysis of frankliniella occidentalis and differentially expressed proteins in response to tomato spotted wilt virus infection. | tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) is transmitted by frankliniella occidentalis in a persistent propagative manner. despite the extensive replication of tswv in midgut and salivary glands, there is little to no pathogenic effect on f. occidentalis. we hypothesize that the first-instar larva (l1) of f. occidentalis mounts a response to tswv that protects it from pathogenic effects caused by virus infection and replication in various insect tissues. a partial thrips transcriptome was generated using ... | 2012 | 22696645 |
| multiplication of tomato spotted wilt virus in its insect vector, frankliniella occidentalis. | the accumulation of two proteins, the nucleocapsid (n) protein and a non-structural (nss) protein both encoded by the s rna of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv), was followed in larvae during development and in adults of frankliniella occidentalis after ingesting the virus for short periods on infected plants. the amounts of both proteins increased, as shown by elisa and western blot analysis, within 2 days above the levels ingested, indicating multiplication of tswv in these insects. accumulatio ... | 1993 | 8445364 |
| characterization of rna-mediated resistance to tomato spotted wilt virus in transgenic tobacco plants. | recently high levels of protection against tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv), a negative-strand rna virus infecting plants, have been obtained by transforming tobacco with viral nucleoprotein (n) gene sequences. here we demonstrate that this protection is primarily due to the presence of n gene transcripts in the cells of transgenic plants, and hence appears to be rna-mediated. further, transgenic tobacco plants are only protected to isolates and strains of tswv and not to other tospoviruses that ... | 1992 | 1368791 |
| development of a real-time fluorescent quantitative pcr assay for detection of impatiens necrotic spot virus. | impatiens necrotic spot virus (insv) is an important plant virus that can cause severe disease in various ornamental and agricultural crops. several species of thrips transmit insv, of which the western flower thrip (frankliniella occidentalis) is the most important. in this study, primers and taqman probes based on insv non-structural protein gene sequences were designed, and a technique was developed for detecting insv using fluorescent quantitative rt-pcr. the reproducibility, specificity and ... | 2013 | 23466630 |
| variation in tomato spotted wilt virus titer in frankliniella occidentalis and its association with frequency of transmission. | tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) is transmitted in a persistent propagative manner by frankliniella occidentalis, the western flower thrips. while it is well established that vector competence depends on tswv acquisition by young larvae and virus replication within the insect, the biological factors associated with frequency of transmission have not been well characterized. we hypothesized that the number of transmission events by a single adult thrips is determined, in part, by the amount of vi ... | 2009 | 19271982 |
| binding of tomato spotted wilt virus to a 94-kda thrips protein. | abstract using protein blot assays, a 94-kda thrips protein was identified that exhibited specific binding to tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) particles. renaturation of the 94-kda protein, which is conserved among the two major vector species of tswv, frankliniella occidentalis and thrips tabaci, was crucial for its virus-binding properties, whereas under the same conditions no specific binding was observed with aphid (myzus persicae) proteins. the 94-kda protein species was present in all deve ... | 1998 | 18945001 |
| interaction of tomato spotted wilt tospovirus (tswv) glycoproteins with a thrips midgut protein, a potential cellular receptor for tswv. | abstract interactions between viral and cellular membrane fusion proteins mediate virus penetration of cells for many arthropod-borne viruses. electron microscope observations and circumstantial evidence indicate insect acquisition of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) (genus tospovirus, family bunyaviridae) is receptor mediated, and tswv membrane glycoproteins (gp1 and gp2) serve as virus attachment proteins. the tospoviruses are plant-infecting members of the family bunyaviridae and are transmit ... | 1998 | 18944977 |
| impeded thrips transmission of defective tomato spotted wilt virus isolates. | two defective rna-containing isolates (pe-1 and 16-2) and an envelope-deficient (env ) isolate of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) were tested for their transmissibility by frankliniella occidentalis. the pe-1 isolate contained a truncated l rna segment that barely interfered with symptom expression and replication of the wild-type (wt) l rna segment. this isolate was transmitted with an efficiency of 51%, a value comparable to that found for wt tswv (54%). isolate 16-2, which contained a genuin ... | 2000 | 18944549 |
| restricted spread of tomato spotted wilt virus in thrips-resistant pepper. | abstract spread of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) and population development of its vector frankliniella occidentalis were studied on the pepper accessions cpro-1 and pikante reuzen, which are resistant and susceptible to thrips, respectively. viruliferous thrips were released on plants of each accession (nonchoice tests) or on plants in a 1:1 mixture of both accessions (choice tests) in small cages containing 8 or 16 plants. significantly fewer cpro-1 plants became infected in the primary inf ... | 2003 | 18944320 |
| thrips resistance in pepper and its consequences for the acquisition and inoculation of tomato spotted wilt virus by the western flower thrips. | abstract different levels of thrips resistance were found in seven capsicum accessions. based on the level of feeding damage, host preference, and host suitability for reproduction, a thrips susceptible and a resistant accession were selected to study their performance as tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) sources and targets during thrips-mediated virus transmission. vector resistance did not affect the virus acquisition efficiency in a broad range of acquisition access periods. inoculation effic ... | 2003 | 18944162 |
| acquisition of tomato spotted wilt virus by adults of two thrips species. | abstract only larval thrips that acquire tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv), or adults derived from such larvae, transmit the virus. nonviruliferous adults can ingest virus particles while feeding on tswv-infected plants, but such adult thrips have not been shown to transmit tswv. immunofluorescence microscopy was used to show that thrips 1, 5, 10, and 20 days after adult emergence (dae) fed on tswv-infected plants acquired tswv with virus replication and accumulation occurring in both epithelial ... | 2004 | 18944108 |
| tomato spotted wilt virus infection improves host suitability for its vector frankliniella occidentalis. | abstract the effect of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) infection on plant attractiveness for the western flower thrips (frankliniella occidentalis) was studied. significantly more thrips were recovered on infected than were recovered on noninfected pepper (capsicum annuum) plants in different preference tests. in addition, more offspring were produced on the virus-infected pepper plants, and this effect also was found for tswv-infected datura stramonium. thrips behavior was minimally influenced ... | 2004 | 18943902 |
| replication of tomato spotted wilt virus after ingestion by adult thrips setosus is restricted to midgut epithelial cells. | abstract if acquisition access feeding (aaf) is first given after adult eclosion, none of the nine thrips species able to serve as tospovirus vectors can become infective. the previous cellular investigations of this phenomenon, carried out only in frankliniella occidentalis, suggested that infectivity was prevented because the type member of the tospoviruses, tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv), was unable to enter the midgut of adult thrips. the present study extends a cellular view of tospovirus ... | 2001 | 18943329 |
| a soluble form of the tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) glycoprotein g(n) (g(n)-s) inhibits transmission of tswv by frankliniella occidentalis. | tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) is an economically important virus that is transmitted in a persistent propagative manner by its thrips vector, frankliniella occidentalis. previously, we found that a soluble form of the envelope glycoprotein g(n) (g(n)-s) specifically bound thrips midguts and reduced the amount of detectable virus inside midgut tissues. the aim of this research was to (i) determine if g(n)-s alters tswv transmission by thrips and, if so, (ii) determine the duration of this effe ... | 2008 | 18943237 |
| thrips transmission of tospoviruses. | one hundred years ago, the disease tomato spotted wilt was first described in australia. since that time, knowledge of this disease caused by tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) and transmitted by thrips (insects in the order thysanoptera) has revealed a complex relationship between the virus, vector, plant host, and environment. numerous tospoviruses and thrips vectors have been described, revealing diversity in plant host range and geographical distributions. advances in characterization of the t ... | 2015 | 26340723 |
| herbivore benefits from vectoring plant virus through reduction of period of vulnerability to predation. | herbivores can profit from vectoring plant pathogens because the induced defence of plants against pathogens sometimes interferes with the induced defence of plants against herbivores. plants can also defend themselves indirectly by the action of the natural enemies of the herbivores. it is unknown whether the defence against pathogens induced in the plant also interferes with the indirect defence against herbivores mediated via the third trophic level. we previously showed that infection of pla ... | 2008 | 18392858 |
| relationship between esterase activity and acrinathrin and methiocarb resistance in field populations of western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis. | the western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande), is a serious pest in the south-east of spain owing to its direct feeding on crops, transmission of the tomato spotted wilt virus and its very high level of resistance to insecticides. mechanisms of resistance were examined using field populations of f. occidentalis with different susceptibilities to acrinathrin, methiocarb (selective insecticides), endosulfan, metamidophos and deltamethrin (broad-spectrum insecticides). esterase a ... | 2006 | 16929461 |
| host plant, temperature, and photoperiod effects on ovipositional preference of frankliniella occidentalis and frankliniella fusca (thysanoptera: thripidae). | host plant effects of tomato, lycopersicon esculentum mill., and chickweed, stellaria media (l.) vill., foliage infected and uninfected with tomato spotted wilt virus (family bunyaviridae, genus tospovirus, tswv) on the ovipositional preferences of western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande), and tobacco thrips, frankliniella fusca (hinds), were investigated for whole plants in the greenhouse. in addition, the preference for leaf disks from the same host plants was investigated ... | 2005 | 16539139 |
| tactics for management of thrips (thysanoptera: thripidae) and tomato spotted wilt virus in tomato. | four studies were conducted in georgia during spring 1999, 2000, 2001, and 2002 to evaluate various management tactics for reducing thrips and thrips-vectored tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) in tomato and their interactions relative to fruit yield. populations of thrips vectors of tswv, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) and frankliniella fusca (hinds), were determined using flower and sticky trap samples. the management practices evaluated were host plant resistance, insecticide treatments, ... | 2004 | 15568355 |
| integrated management tactics for frankliniella thrips (thysanoptera: thripidae) in field-grown pepper. | in a 2-yr study, the impacts of different plastic soil mulches, insecticides, and predator releases on frankliniella thrips and their natural enemies were investigated in field-grown peppers. ultraviolet light (uv)-reflective mulch significantly reduced early season abundance of adult thrips compared with standard black plastic mulch. this difference diminished as the growing seasons progressed. late season abundance of thrips larvae was higher in uv reflective mulch compared with black mulch pl ... | 2003 | 14503592 |
| a distinct tospovirus causing necrotic streak on alstroemeria sp. in colombia. | a tospovirus causing necrotic streaks on leaves was isolated from alstroemeria sp. in colombia. infected samples reacted positively with tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) antiserum during preliminary serological tests. further analysis revealed a close serological relationship to tomato chlorotic spot virus (tcsv) and groundnut ringspot virus (grsv). a major part of the s-rna segment, encompassing the nucleocapsid (n) protein gene, the 5' untranslated region and a part of the intergenic region 3' ... | 2010 | 20151164 |
| evolution and structure of tomato spotted wilt virus populations: evidence of extensive reassortment and insights into emergence processes. | tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv; genus tospovirus, family bunyaviridae) genetic diversity was evaluated by sequencing parts of the three rna genome segments of 224 isolates, mostly from pepper and tomato crops in southern europe. eighty-three per cent of the isolates showed consistent clustering into three clades, corresponding to their geographical origin, spain, france or the usa, for the three rna segments. in contrast, the remaining 17% of isolates did not belong to the same clade for the th ... | 2010 | 21169211 |
| infection with a plant virus modifies vector feeding behavior. | vector infection by some animal-infecting parasites results in altered feeding that enhances transmission. modification of vector behavior is of broad adaptive significance, as parasite fitness relies on passage to a new host, and vector feeding is nearly always essential for transmission. although several plant viruses infect their insect vectors, we have shown that vector infection by a plant virus alters feeding behavior. here we show that infection with tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv), type ... | 2011 | 21606372 |
| epidemiology of spotted wilt disease of peanut caused by tomato spotted wilt virus in the southeastern u.s. | spotted wilt disease of peanut (arachis hypogaea) (swp), caused by tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) (genus tospovirus, family bunyaviridae), was first observed in alabama, florida, and georgia in the late 1980s and rapidly became a major limiting factor for peanut production in the region. tobacco thrips (frankliniella fusca) and western flower thrips (frankliniella occidentalis) both occur on peanut throughout the southeastern u.s., but f. fusca is the predominant species that reproduces on pea ... | 2011 | 21620508 |
| detection, discrimination and absolute quantitation of tomato spotted wilt virus isolates using real time rt-pcr with taqman(®)mgb probes. | a quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-qpcr) procedure using a general primer set and three taqman(®)mgb probes was developed for general and genotype-specific detection and quantitation of the genomic m segment of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv). standard curves using rna transcripts homologous to the three probes allowed reproducible quantitative assays with a wide dynamic range (10(3)-10(10) tswv m segment rna copies/ng of total rna) and high sensitivity ... | 2011 | 21635923 |
| Antagonistic plant defense system regulated by phytohormones assists interactions among vector insect, thrips, and a tospovirus. | The western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) is a polyphagous herbivore that causes serious damage to many agricultural plants. In addition to causing feeding damage, it is also a vector insect that transmits tospoviruses such as Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). We previously reported that thrips feeding on plants induces a jasmonate (JA)-regulated plant defense, which negatively affects both the performance and preference (i.e., host plant attractiveness) of the thrips. The antagonis ... | 2011 | 22180600 |
| the nss protein of tomato spotted wilt virus is required for persistent infection and transmission by frankliniella occidentalis. | tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) is the type member of tospoviruses (genus tospovirus), plant-infecting viruses that cause severe damage to ornamental and vegetable crops. tospoviruses are transmitted by thrips in the circulative propagative mode. we generated a collection of nss-defective tswv isolates and showed that tswv coding for truncated nss protein could not be transmitted by frankliniella occidentalis. quantitative reverse transcription (rt)-pcr and immunostaining of individual insects ... | 2014 | 24623427 |
| resistance breaking tomato spotted wilt virus isolates on resistant pepper varieties in italy. | in spring 2012, resistance breaking (rb) isolates of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) that overcome the resistance conferred by the tsw gene in different pepper hybrids have been recovered in different locations in southern italy (campania and apulia regions) in protected cultivation, about one month after transplant. the percentage of symptomatic plants was 5-10% and, only in particular cases of advanced stage of cultivation, it reached 30-50% at the end of cycle. all tswv isolates induced simi ... | 2013 | 25151838 |
| viruses of pepper crops in the mediterranean basin: a remarkable stasis. | compared to other vegetable crops, the major viral constraints affecting pepper crops in the mediterranean basin have been remarkably stable for the past 20 years. among these viruses, the most prevalent ones are the seed-transmitted tobamoviruses; the aphid-transmitted potato virus y and tobacco etch virus of the genus potyvirus, and cucumber mosaic virus member of the genus cucumovirus; and thrips-transmitted tospoviruses. the last major viral emergence concerns the tospovirus tomato spotted w ... | 2012 | 22682167 |
| virus diseases in lettuce in the mediterranean basin. | lettuce is frequently attacked by several viruses causing disease epidemics and considerable yield losses along the mediterranean basin. aphids are key pests and the major vectors of plant viruses in lettuce fields. lettuce mosaic virus (lmv) is probably the most important because it is seed-transmitted in addition to be transmissible by many aphid species that alight on the crop. tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) is another virus that causes severe damage since the introduction of its major vect ... | 2012 | 22682170 |
| thrips developmental stage-specific transcriptome response to tomato spotted wilt virus during the virus infection cycle in frankliniella occidentalis, the primary vector. | tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) is transmitted by frankliniella occidentalis in a circulative-propagative manner. little is known about thrips vector response to tswv during the infection process from larval acquisition to adult inoculation of plants. whole-body transcriptome response to virus infection was determined for first-instar larval, pre-pupal and adult thrips using rna-seq. tswv responsive genes were identified using preliminary sequence of a draft genome of f. occidentalis as a refer ... | 2017 | 27835811 |
| differential proteomics analysis of frankliniella occidentalis immune response after infection with tomato spotted wilt virus (tospovirus). | tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) is mainly vectored by frankliniella occidentalis pergande, and it potentially activates the vector's immune response. however, molecular background of the altered immune response is not clearly understood. therefore, using a proteomic approach, we investigated the immune pathways that are activated in f. occidentalis larvae after 24 h exposure to tswv. two-dimensional isoelectric focusing/sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2d-ief/sds/page) ... | 2017 | 27810283 |
| the genus tospovirus: emerging bunyaviruses that threaten food security. | the genus tospovirus is unique within the family bunyaviridae in that it is made up of viruses that infect plants. initially documented over 100 years ago, tospoviruses have become increasingly important worldwide since the 1980s due to the spread of the important insect vector frankliniella occidentalis and the discovery of new viruses. as a result, tospoviruses are now recognized globally as emerging agricultural diseases. tospoviruses and their vectors, thrips species in the order thysanopter ... | 2016 | 27578436 |
| manipulation of frankliniella occidentalis (thysanoptera: thripidae) by tomato spotted wilt virus (tospovirus) via the host plant nutrients to enhance its transmission and spread. | earlier studies have shown that tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) influences the biology, performance, and behavioral patterns of its vector frankliniella occidentalis pergande. in this study, using capsicum annuum l. as the host plant, we aimed to determine the manipulation of f. occidentalis by tswv through switching of the diet (+ or -tswv) during vector's development. behavioral patterns, fitness, as well as vector performance were evaluated. the specific parameters investigated included long ... | 2016 | 27566527 |
| predictive models for tomato spotted wilt virus spread dynamics, considering frankliniella occidentalis specific life processes as influenced by the virus. | several models have been studied on predictive epidemics of arthropod vectored plant viruses in an attempt to bring understanding to the complex but specific relationship between the three cornered pathosystem (virus, vector and host plant), as well as their interactions with the environment. a large body of studies mainly focuses on weather based models as management tool for monitoring pests and diseases, with very few incorporating the contribution of vector's life processes in the disease dy ... | 2016 | 27159134 |
| salivary gland morphology, tissue tropism and the progression of tospovirus infection in frankliniella occidentalis. | tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) is transmitted by thrips in a propagative manner; however, progression of virus infection in the insect is not fully understood. the goal of this work was to study the morphology and infection of thrips salivary glands. the primary salivary glands (psg) are complex, with three distinct regions that may have unique functions. analysis of tswv progression in thrips revealed the presence of viral proteins in the foregut, midgut, ligaments, tubular salivary glands (t ... | 2016 | 26999025 |
| diversity of thrips species and vectors of tomato spotted wilt virus in tomato production systems in kenya. | thrips have been recognized as primary vectors of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) with frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) reported as the most important and efficient vector, while other species such as thrips tabaci lindeman also include populations that can vector the virus. a study was undertaken to establish the diversity of thrips and presence of vectors for tswv in four major tomato production areas in kenya. the cytochrome oxidase 1 (co1) gene was used to generate sequences from thrip ... | 2015 | 26470099 |
| effect of spinosad resistance on transmission of tomato spotted wilt virus by the western flower thrips (thysanoptera: thripidae). | tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) is transmitted by frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) in a persistent-propagative manner. we previously observed significant results in terms of feeding behavior of spinosad-susceptible (ivf03) and -resistant (spin-r) strains of f. occidentalis using electrical penetration graph. tswv transmission by the two strains was compared in the present study. the results showed that the titer of tswv-n rna (a part of s rna of tswv and encoding the nucleocapsid protein) ... | 2016 | 26377766 |
| stable reference gene selection for rt-qpcr analysis in nonviruliferous and viruliferous frankliniella occidentalis. | reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (rt-qpcr) is a reliable technique for measuring and evaluating gene expression during variable biological processes. to facilitate gene expression studies, normalization of genes of interest relative to stable reference genes is crucial. the western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) (thysanoptera: thripidae), the main vector of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv), is a destructive invasive species. in this study, the exp ... | 2015 | 26244556 |
| effect of watermelon silver mottle virus on the life history and feeding preference of thrips palmi. | thrips-borne tospoviruses cause numerous plant diseases that produce severe economic losses worldwide. in the disease system, thrips not only damage plants through feeding but also transmit causative agents of epidemics. in addition, thrips are infected with tospoviruses in the course of virus transmission. most studies on the effect of tospoviruses on vector thrips have focused on the tomato spotted wilt virus-frankliniella occidentalis system. thus, we focused on another thrips-borne tospoviru ... | 2014 | 25010157 |
| winter weeds as inoculum sources of tomato spotted wilt virus and as reservoirs for its vector, frankliniella fusca (thysanoptera: thripidae) in farmscapes of georgia. | thrips-transmitted tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) has a broad host range including crops and weeds. in georgia, tswv is known to consistently affect peanut, tomato, pepper, and tobacco production. these crops are grown from march through november. in the crop-free period, weeds are presumed to serve as a green bridge for thrips and tswv. previous studies have identified several winter weeds as tswv and thrips hosts. however, their ability to influence tswv transmission in crops is still not co ... | 2014 | 24612539 |
| disruption of vector transmission by a plant-expressed viral glycoprotein. | vector-borne viruses are a threat to human, animal, and plant health worldwide, requiring the development of novel strategies for their control. tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) is one of the 10 most economically significant plant viruses and, together with other tospoviruses, is a threat to global food security. tswv is transmitted by thrips, including the western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis. previously, we demonstrated that the tswv glycoprotein gn binds to thrips vector midguts. ... | 2014 | 24405031 |
| de novo transcriptome sequencing in frankliniella occidentalis to identify genes involved in plant virus transmission and insecticide resistance. | the western flower thrips (wft), frankliniella occidentalis, a world-wide invasive insect, causes agricultural damage by directly feeding and by indirectly vectoring tospoviruses, such as tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv). we characterized the transcriptome of wft and analyzed global gene expression of wft response to tswv infection using illumina sequencing platform. we compiled 59,932 unigenes, and identified 36,339 unigenes by similarity analysis against public databases, most of which were an ... | 2013 | 23434629 |
| tospoviruses in the mediterranean area. | tospoviruses are among the most serious threats to vegetable crops in the mediterranean basin. tospovirus introduction, spread, and the diseases these viruses cause have been traced by epidemiological case studies. recent research has centered on the close relationship between tospoviruses and their arthropod vectors (species of the thripidae family). here, we review several specific features of tospovirus-thrips associations in the mediterranean. since the introduction of frankliniella occident ... | 2012 | 22682175 |