Publications

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vector competence of kenyan culex zombaensis and culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes for rift valley fever virus.rift valley fever (rvf) continues to be a significant problem in kenya as well as in egypt, yemen, and saudi arabia. in order to determine the ability of kenyan mosquitoes to transmit rvf virus (rvfv), we collected mosquitoes in the lake naivasha region of kenya and evaluated them for their potential to transmit rvfv under laboratory conditions. after feeding on a hamster (mesocricetus auratus) with a viremia of 10(9.7) plaque-forming units of virus/ml of blood, culex zombaensis were highly susc ...200718240513
potential for stable flies and house flies (diptera: muscidae) to transmit rift valley fever virus.rift valley fever (rvf), a disease of ruminants and humans, has been responsible for large outbreaks in africa that have resulted in hundreds of thousands of human infections and major economic disruption due to loss of livestock and to trade restrictions. as indicated by the rapid spread of west nile viral activity across north america since its discovery in 1999 and the rapid and widespread movement of chikungunya virus from africa throughout the indian ocean islands to asia and europe, an int ...201021290943
rift valley fever virus transmission by different egyptian mosquito species.4 egyptian mosquito species were tested for their ability to transmit the egyptian zh-501 strain of rift valley fever virus (rvfv) to golden syrian hamsters. culex (cx.) antennatus was the most efficient vector, showing a 37.5% transmission rate following a hamster blood meal containing 10 suckling mouse intracerebral 50% lethal doses (smild50) per ml. fully engorged mosquitoes of this species showed an infection rate of 85% with the mean viral titres of transmitting mosquitoes 100-fold higher t ...19872895516
the s segment of punta toro virus (bunyaviridae, phlebovirus) is a major determinant of lethality in the syrian hamster and codes for a type i interferon antagonist.two strains of punta toro virus (ptv), isolated from febrile humans in panama, cause a differential pathogenesis in syrian hamsters, which could be a useful model for understanding the virulence characteristics and differential outcomes in other phleboviral infections such as rift valley fever virus. genetic reassortants produced between the lethal adames (a/a/a) and nonlethal balliet (b/b/b) strains were used in this study to investigate viral genetic determinants for pathogenesis and lethality ...200717050607
reduced pathogenicity associated with a small plaque variant of the egyptian strain of rift valley fever virus (zh501).variants of rift valley fever virus producing plaques in cer cells of four different sizes are described. a plaque-forming unit (pfu) variant forming minute plaques was isolated and purified. virus derived from this variant was not pathogenic to adult swiss albino mice by the intraperitoneal (i.p.) route and was less pathogenic than the parent strain (zh501) to adult sprague dawley rats by i.p. route, but produced typical severe liver necrosis in adult syrian hamsters with intranuclear and intra ...19826926765
active and passive immunization against rift valley fever virus infection in syrian hamsters.the protection by active and passive immunization of golden syrian hamsters challenged with rift valley fever (rvf) virus intraperitoneally was studied. six groups of 10 hamsters were inoculated with different amounts of immune serum while five groups were actively immunized with different doses of a formalin-inactivated rvf vaccine. one day after passive and three weeks after active immunization all hamsters were challenged with 5000 plaque-forming units of rvf virus. plaque reduction neutraliz ...19846507105
rift valley fever virus infection in golden syrian hamsters.rift valley fever virus (rvfv) is a formidable pathogen that causes severe disease and abortion in a variety of livestock species and a range of disease in humans that includes hemorrhagic fever, fulminant hepatitis, encephalitis and blindness. the natural transmission cycle involves mosquito vectors, but exposure can also occur through contact with infected fluids and tissues. the lack of approved antiviral therapies and vaccines for human use underlies the importance of small animal models for ...201525607955
galidesivir limits rift valley fever virus infection and disease in syrian golden hamsters.rift valley fever virus (rvfv) is a mosquito-borne pathogen endemic to sub-saharan africa and the arabian peninsula. there are no approved antiviral therapies or vaccines available to treat or prevent severe disease associated with rvfv infection in humans. the adenosine analog, galidesivir (bcx4430), is a broad-spectrum antiviral drug candidate with in vitro antiviral potency (ec50 of less than 50 μm) in more than 20 different viruses across eight different virus families. here we report on the ...201829864447
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