| wolbachia pipientis: bacterial density and unidirectional cytoplasmic incompatibility between infected populations of aedes albopictus. | unidirectional cytoplasmic incompatibility is seen when certain wolbachia-infected insect populations are crossed. two hypotheses might explain this phenomenon: superinfections with mutually incompatible strains of wolbachia producing incompatibility when crossed to individuals infected with only a single bacterial strain or, alternatively, a bacterial dosage model, with differences in wolbachia densities responsible for the incompatibility. a quantitative pcr assay was set up as a general metho ... | 1995 | 7498425 |
| in vitro cultivation of wolbachia pipientis in an aedes albopictus cell line. | a continuous cell line, aa23, was established from eggs of a strain of the asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus, naturally infected with the intracellular symbiont wolbachia pipientis. the resulting cell line was shown to be persistently infected with the bacterial endosymbiont. treatment with antibiotics cured the cells of the infection. in the course of establishing this cell line it was noticed that rflps in the pcr products of two wolbachia genes from the parental mosquitoes were fixed in ... | 1997 | 9013253 |
| cytological properties of an aedes albopictus mosquito cell line infected with wolbachia strain walbb. | in vitro production of the obligate intracellular bacterium, wolbachia pipientis, is essential to its manipulation as a genetic tool to spread transgenes within vector populations. we have adapted the wolbachia-infected aa23 aedes albopictus mosquito cell line to eagle's minimal medium, supplemented with nonessential amino acids, glutamine, and 20% fetal bovine serum. when plated at low densities, aa23e cells grew as patchy monolayers, comprised of non-contiguous clusters of cells that gave rise ... | 2008 | 18401667 |
| the endosymbiont wolbachia pipientis induces the expression of host antioxidant proteins in an aedes albopictus cell line. | wolbachia are obligate intracellular bacteria which commonly infect arthropods. they are maternally inherited and capable of altering host development, sex determination, and reproduction. reproductive manipulations include feminization, male-killing, parthenogenesis, and cytoplasmic incompatibility. the mechanism by which wolbachia avoid destruction by the host immune response is unknown. generation of antimicrobial peptides (amps) and reactive oxygen species (ros) by the host are among the fir ... | 2008 | 18461124 |
| host adaptation of a wolbachia strain after long-term serial passage in mosquito cell lines. | the horizontal transfer of the bacterium wolbachia pipientis between invertebrate hosts hinges on the ability of wolbachia to adapt to new intracellular environments. the experimental transfer of wolbachia between distantly related host species often results in the loss of infection, presumably due to an inability of wolbachia to adapt quickly to the new host. to examine the process of adaptation to a novel host, we transferred a life-shortening wolbachia strain, wmelpop, from the fruit fly dros ... | 2008 | 18836024 |
| effects on male fitness of removing wolbachia infections from the mosquito aedes albopictus. | cytoplasmic incompatibility (ci) induced by maternally inherited wolbachia bacteria is a potential tool for the suppression of insect pest species with appropriate patterns of infection. the asian tiger mosquito aedes albopictus (skuse) (diptera: culicidae) is known to be infected by two strains of wolbachia pipientis hertig (rickettsiales: rickettsiaceae), walb a and walb b, throughout its geographical distribution. this infection pattern theoretically restricts the application of ci-based cont ... | 2009 | 19292821 |
| wolbachia infection and resource competition effects on immature aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae). | wolbachia pipientis hertig and wolbach (rickettsiales: rickettsiaceae) are intracellular alpha-proteobacteria that occur naturally in aedes albopictus (skuse) (diptera: culicidae) and numerous other invertebrates. these endosymbionts can invade host populations by manipulating host reproduction. wolbachia infections have been shown to impart both costs and benefits to hosts in terms of development, survival, and fecundity. here, we monitor intraspecific competition among independent cohorts of i ... | 2009 | 19496412 |
| the native wolbachia endosymbionts of drosophila melanogaster and culex quinquefasciatus increase host resistance to west nile virus infection. | the bacterial endosymbiont wolbachia pipientis has been shown to increase host resistance to viral infection in native drosophila hosts and in the normally wolbachia-free heterologous host aedes aegypti when infected by wolbachia from drosophila melanogaster or aedes albopictus. wolbachia infection has not yet been demonstrated to increase viral resistance in a native wolbachia-mosquito host system. | 2010 | 20700535 |
| bacterial diversity of field-caught mosquitoes, aedes albopictus and aedes aegypti, from different geographic regions of madagascar. | symbiotic bacteria are known to play important roles in the biology of insects, but the current knowledge of bacterial communities associated with mosquitoes is very limited and consequently their contribution to host behaviors is mostly unknown. in this study, we explored the composition and diversity of mosquito-associated bacteria in relation with mosquitoes' habitats. wild aedes albopictus and aedes aegypti were collected in three different geographic regions of madagascar. culturing methods ... | 2010 | 21175696 |
| wolbachia from the planthopper laodelphax striatellus establishes a robust, persistent, streptomycin-resistant infection in clonal mosquito cells. | the obligate intracellular bacterium, wolbachia pipientis (rickettsiales: anaplasmataceae), distorts reproduction of its arthropod hosts to facilitate invasion of naïve populations. this property makes wolbachia an attractive "gene drive" agent with potential applications in the control of insect vector populations. genetic manipulation of wolbachia will require in vitro systems for its propagation, genetic modification, amplification, and introduction into target insects. here we show that wolb ... | 2012 | 23271364 |
| the wolbachia wo bacteriophage proteome in the aedes albopictus c/wstr1 cell line: evidence for lytic activity? | wolbachia pipientis (rickettsiales), an obligate intracellular alphaproteobacterium in insects, manipulates host reproduction to maximize invasion of uninfected insect populations. modification of host population structure has potential applications for control of pest species, particularly if wolbachia can be maintained, manipulated, and genetically engineered in vitro. although wolbachia maintains an obligate mutualism with genome stability in nematodes, arthropods can be co-infected with dist ... | 2015 | 26427709 |
| proteomic profiling of a robust wolbachia infection in an aedes albopictus mosquito cell line. | wolbachia pipientis, a widespread vertically transmitted intracellular bacterium, provides a tool for insect control through manipulation of host-microbe interactions. we report proteomic characterization of wstr, a wolbachia strain associated with a strong cytoplasmic incompatibility phenotype in its native host, laodelphax striatellus. in the aedes albopictus c/wstr1 mosquito cell line, wstr maintains a robust, persistent infection. ms/ms analyses of gel bands revealed a protein 'footprint' do ... | 2014 | 25155417 |
| french invasive asian tiger mosquito populations harbor reduced bacterial microbiota and genetic diversity compared to vietnamese autochthonous relatives. | the asian tiger mosquito aedes albopictus is one of the most significant pathogen vectors of the twenty-first century. originating from asia, it has invaded a wide range of eco-climatic regions worldwide. the insect-associated microbiota is now recognized to play a significant role in host biology. while genetic diversity bottlenecks are known to result from biological invasions, the resulting shifts in host-associated microbiota diversity has not been thoroughly investigated. to address this su ... | 2015 | 26441903 |
| a native wolbachia endosymbiont does not limit dengue virus infection in the mosquito aedes notoscriptus (diptera: culicidae). | the endosymbiotic bacterium wolbachia pipientis infects many species of insects and has been transinfected into the mosquito aedes aegypti (l.), the primary vector of dengue virus (denv). recently, it has been shown that wolbachia blocks the replication and transmission of rna viruses, such as denv, in a number of mosquito species including ae. aegypti and aedes albopictus (skuse), which is naturally infected with wolbachia and considered a secondary vector for denv. the mosquito species aedes n ... | 2016 | 26721865 |
| operational use of household bleach to "crash and release" aedes aegypti prior to wolbachia-infected mosquito release. | dengue (family flaviviridae, genus flavivirus, denv) remains the leading arboviral cause of mortality in the tropics. wolbachia pipientis has been shown to interrupt denv transmission and is presently being trialled as a biological control. however, deployment issues have arisen on methods to temporarily suppress wild mosquito populations before wolbachia-infected mosquito releases. by suppressing wild populations, fewer ae. aegypti releases are required to achieve a sustainable wolbachia densit ... | 2013 | 23540123 |
| mosaic composition of riba and wspb genes flanking the virb8-d4 operon in the wolbachia supergroup b-strain, wstr. | the obligate intracellular bacterium, wolbachia pipientis (rickettsiales), is a widespread, vertically transmitted endosymbiont of filarial nematodes and arthropods. in insects, wolbachia modifies reproduction, and in mosquitoes, infection interferes with replication of arboviruses, bacteria and plasmodia. development of wolbachia as a tool to control pest insects will be facilitated by an understanding of molecular events that underlie genetic exchange between wolbachia strains. here, we used n ... | 2015 | 26400107 |
| high prevalence and lack of diversity of wolbachia pipientis in aedes albopictus populations from northeast brazil. | the use of wolbachia as a tool to control insect vectors has recently been suggested. in this context, studies on the prevalence and diversity of this bacterium in wild populations are relevant. here, we evaluated the diversity of two wolbachiagenes (ftsz and wsp) and the prevalence of this endosymbiont in wild aedes albopictus. using semi-nested polymerase chain reaction, our results showed that 99.3% of the individuals were superinfected with wolbachia. in regards to genetic diversity, the two ... | 2011 | 22012236 |
| syto11 staining vs fish staining: a comparison of two methods to stain wolbachia pipientis in cell cultures. | the aedes albopictus c7-10 cell line was infected with wolbachia strains wri and walbb to create c7-10r and c7-10b cell lines, respectively. we compared two different methods, fluorescence in situ hybridization staining and syto11 staining, to describe these new wolbachia infections in c7-10. | 2011 | 21214605 |
| characterization of a new aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae)-wolbachia pipientis (rickettsiales: rickettsiaceae) symbiotic association generated by artificial transfer of the wpip strain from culex pipiens (diptera: culicidae). | wolbachia is a maternally inherited endosymbiont inducing various effects in insects and other invertebrate hosts that facilitate the invasion of naive host populations. one of the effects is a form of sterility known as cytoplasmic incompatibility (ci) through which females are effectively sterilized when they mate with males harboring a different wolbachia strain. the repeated mass release of cytoplasmically incompatible males can be a tool to suppress insect populations. here, we attempt to i ... | 2010 | 20380298 |
| [establishment of a new continuous cell line of drosophila melanogaster strain infected by the intracellular endosymbiotic bacterium wolbachia pipientis under natural conditions]. | wolbachia pipientis is an obligately intracellular bacterium infecting a number of arthropod and nematode species. at the body level, wolbachia infection may cause parthenogenesis, feminization of genetic males, male killing, or cytoplasmic incompatibility; it may also be asymptomatic. of special interest is dna transfer from wolbachia to the host insect genome, which was discovered recently. at the cellular level, the effects caused by wolbachia have been studied more poorly. only one of the kn ... | 2010 | 20198874 |
| proteasome activity in a naïve mosquito cell line infected with wolbachia pipientis walbb. | we used wolbachia pipientis strain walbb from aedes albopictus aa23 cells to infect clonal ae. albopictus tk-6 cells, which are resistant to 5-bromodeoxyuridine. infected tk-6 cells were cultured in medium containing 5-bromodeoxyuridine to select against aa23 cells that might have persisted in the inoculum. infected tk-6 lines retained the wolbachia infection for 5 mo, indicating that their metabolic processes support wolbachia growth and multiplication. to investigate early events after wolbach ... | 2009 | 19296184 |
| standardization of a colorimetric method to quantify growth and metabolic activity of wolbachia-infected mosquito cells. | the aedes albopictus aa23 cell line, which is persistently infected with wolbachia pipientis strain walbb, tends to grow as aggregated clusters of cells that are difficult to disperse for conventional quantification based on cell number. we used a. albopictus c7-10 cells to validate conversion of methylthiazole tetrazolium (mtt) to a colored formazan product with respect to incubation time, cell number over a 40-fold range, and metabolic activity as cells enter stationary phase. using this assay ... | 2008 | 18622662 |
| molecular and functional characterization of granulin-like molecules of insects. | granulins are a group of highly conserved growth factors that have been described from a variety of organisms spanning the metazoa. here, we report on the identification of two partial transcripts encoding granulin-like molecules from aa23 embryonic cells of aedes albopictus and primary haemocytes from manduca sexta. both these partial transcripts had the characteristic 12-cysteine motif that is a hallmark of the granulin family and they represent the first granulin mrna transcripts identified f ... | 2008 | 18405836 |
| rate of elimination of wolbachia pipientis by doxycycline in vitro increases following drug withdrawal. | wolbachia pipientis is an obligate intracellular bacterium within the family anaplasmataceae that infects many terrestrial arthropods and arthropod-transmitted nematodes (filariae). several filarial species are major human pathogens, and antibiotics with activity against wolbachia offer a promising new therapeutic approach, since the adult worms are relatively refractory to conventional anthelmintics but depend on wolbachia for reproduction and viability. in a natural filarial parasite of cattle ... | 2006 | 16495252 |
| wolbachia replication and host cell division in aedes albopictus. | wolbachia pipientis is an obligate intracellular endosymbiont of a range of arthropod species. the microbe is best known for its manipulations of host reproduction that include inducing cytoplasmic incompatibility, parthenogenesis, feminization, and male-killing. like other vertically transmitted intracellular symbionts, wolbachia's replication rate must not outpace that of its host cells if it is to remain benign. the mosquito aedes albopictus is naturally infected both singly and doubly with d ... | 2004 | 15297923 |
| culture and phenotypic characterization of a wolbachia pipientis isolate. | the recent isolation of wolbachia pipientis in the continuous cell line aa23, established from eggs of a strain of the asian tiger mosquito aedes albopictus, allowed us to perform extensive characterization of the isolate. bacterial growth could be obtained in c6/36, another a. albopictus cell line, at 28 degrees c and in a human embryonic lung fibroblast monolayer at 28 and 37 degrees c, confirming that its host cell range is broader than was initially thought. the bacteria were best visualized ... | 2003 | 14662922 |
| in vitro activity of antimicrobial agents against the endosymbiont wolbachia pipientis. | arthropod-transmitted (filarial) nematodes are important causes of disease in humans in tropical countries, yet no safe drug appropriate for mass delivery kills the adult worms. however, most filarial nematodes contain rickettsia-like bacteria of the genus wolbachia, and related bacteria also occur in insects. there is increasing evidence that these bacteria have significant functions in the biology of filarial nematodes. they are thus important targets in the search for antifilarial drugs and e ... | 2001 | 11328780 |
| ultrastructural differentiation of the genogroups in the genus ehrlichia. | ultrastructural characteristics of 15 strains and isolates of ehrlichiae belonging to three genogroups, or clades of genetically related organisms united in the genera ehrlichia, cowdria, anaplasma, neorickettsia and a strain of wolbachia pipientis which represents a fourth genogroup in this cluster of species, were studied in continuous cell culture or in vivo: e. canis (oklahoma strain and vhe isolate), e. muris (as 145), e. chaffeensis (arkansas, 91he17 and sapulpa), human granulocytic ehrlic ... | 1998 | 9511829 |
| proteomic analysis of a mosquito host cell response to persistent wolbachia infection. | wolbachia pipientis, an obligate intracellular bacterium associated with arthropods and filarial worms, is a target for filarial disease treatment and provides a gene drive agent for insect vector population suppression/replacement. we compared proteomes of aedes albopictus mosquito c/wstr1 cells persistently infected with wolbachia strain wstr, relative to uninfected c7-10 control cells. among approximately 2500 proteins, itraq data identified 815 differentially abundant proteins. as functional ... | 2017 | 28435138 |
| variable inhibition of zika virus replication by different wolbachia strains in mosquito cell cultures. | mosquito-borne arboviruses are a major source of human disease. one strategy to reduce arbovirus disease is to reduce the mosquito's ability to transmit virus. mosquito infection with the bacterial endosymbiont wolbachia pipientis wmel is a novel strategy to reduce aedes mosquito competency for flavivirus infection. however, experiments investigating cyclic environmental temperatures have shown a reduction in maternal transmission of wmel, potentially weakening the integration of this strain int ... | 2017 | 28446677 |
| disruption of redox homeostasis leads to oxidative dna damage in spermatocytes of wolbachia-infected drosophila simulans. | molecular interactions between symbiotic bacteria and their animal hosts are, as yet, poorly understood. the most widespread bacterial endosymbiont, wolbachia pipientis, occurs in high density in testes of infected drosophila simulans and causes cytoplasmic incompatibility (ci), a form of male-derived zygotic lethality. wolbachia grow and divide within host vacuoles that generate reactive oxygen species (ros), which in turn stimulate the up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes. these enzymes appear ... | 2012 | 22831171 |
| infection, growth and maintenance of wolbachia pipientis in clonal and non-clonal aedes albopictus cell cultures. | insect cell lines provide useful in vitro models for studying biological systems, including interactions between mosquitoes and obligate intracellular endosymbionts such as wolbachia pipientis. the aedes albopictus aa23 cell line was the first cell line developed to allow examination of wolbachia infections. however, wolbachia studies using aa23 can be complicated by the presence of different cell types in the cell line and the substantial temporal variation in infection level. two approaches we ... | 2013 | 23113940 |
| male mating performance and cytoplasmic incompatibility in a wpip wolbachia trans-infected line of aedes albopictus (stegomyia albopicta). | wolbachia pipientis hertig (rickettsiales: rickettsiaceae) is a maternally inherited endosymbiont of a large number of insects and other arthropods that induces various effects on host reproductive biology. among these, cytoplasmic incompatibility (ci) is a form of sterility induced in eggs produced by mating between infected males and females uninfected or infected by an incompatible wolbachia strain. this phenomenon has been proposed as a potential way to produce functionally sterile males to ... | 2013 | 23171418 |
| pyrosequencing 16s rrna genes of bacteria associated with wild tiger mosquito aedes albopictus: a pilot study. | the asian tiger mosquito aedes (stegomya) albopictus is an invasive species that has spread across the world in the last two decades, showing a great capacity to adapt to contrasting climates and environments. while demonstrated in many insects, the contribution of bacterial symbionts in aedes ecology is a challenging aspect that needs to be investigated. also some bacterial species have already been identified in ae. albopictus using classical methods, but a more accurate survey of mosquito-ass ... | 2014 | 24860790 |
| the oxidizing agent, paraquat, is more toxic to wolbachia than to mosquito host cells. | cultured cells provide an important in vitro system for examining metabolic interactions between the intracellular bacterium, wolbachia pipientis, and its insect hosts. to test whether wolbachia-associated changes in antioxidant activities could provide a tool to select for infected cells, we tested the effects of paraquat (pq) on aedes albopictus mosquito cells. like mammalian cells, mosquito cells tolerate pq over a wide range of concentrations, and for considerable lengths of time, depending ... | 2013 | 23719839 |
| effects of mimosine on wolbachia in mosquito cells: cell cycle suppression reduces bacterial abundance. | the plant allelochemical l-mimosine (β-[n-(3-hydroxy-4-pyridone)]-α-aminopropionic acid; leucenol) resembles the nonessential amino acid, tyrosine. because the obligate intracellular alphaproteobacterium, wolbachia pipientis, metabolizes amino acids derived from host cells, the effects of mimosine on infected and uninfected mosquito cells were investigated. the ec50 for mimosine was 6-7 μm with aedes albopictus c7-10 and c/wstr cell lines, and was not influenced by infection status. mosquito cel ... | 2015 | 26019119 |