| anti-leishmanial ige antibodies: a marker of active disease in visceral leishmaniasis. | visceral leishmaniasis (vl) is characterized by a depression of the t helper cell type 1 immune response. although mrna expression for interleukin-4 (il-4) is observed, evidence of the role of this cytokine in the pathogenesis of vl has been lacking. since il-4 is involved in ige synthesis, we measured the total ige and leishmania antigen-specific ige antibody levels in sera from patients with vl. specific ige antibodies detected by an elisa technique after absorbing the sera with purified sheep ... | 1998 | 9749638 |
| epidemiology of canine leishmaniosis in catalonia (spain) the example of the priorat focus. | an epidemiological survey of canine leishmaniosis was conducted in the priorat, a rural region in the northeast of spain, for 10 years (1985-1994). seroprevalence throughout the region, determined by dot-elisa and ifi, was 10.2% (8-12%). forty percent of the dogs studied had a low level of anti-leishmania antibodies, whereas only 50% were seronegative. only one-third of the seropositive dogs had evident symptoms of the disease. annual incidence of the disease was 5.7% and the level of endemicity ... | 1999 | 10392965 |
| the origin and dispersion of human parasitic diseases in the old world (africa, europe and madagascar). | the ancestors of present-day man (homo sapiens sapiens) appeared in east africa some three and a half million years ago (australopithecs), and then migrated to europe, asia, and later to the americas, thus beginning the differentiation process. the passage from nomadic to sedentary life took place in the middle east in around 8000 bc. wars, spontaneous migrations and forced migrations (slave trade) led to enormous mixtures of populations in europe and africa and favoured the spread of numerous p ... | 2003 | 12687757 |
| host preferences of phlebotomine sand flies at a hypoendemic focus of canine leishmaniasis in central italy. | a survey was carried out on phlebotomine sand flies and their feeding habits at a hypoendemic focus of leishmania infantum in macerata province, central italy. during two consecutive years (2000-2001), 1465 sand fly specimens (42.5% of which were males) were collected from a variety of diurnal resting sites in the municipality of camerino. the most prevalent species was phlebotomus perniciosus (76.6%), followed by p. papatasi (10.4%), sergentomyia minuta (9.1%), phlebotomus perfiliewi (3.3%) and ... | 2003 | 14516922 |
| [coxiella burnetii: what is the reality?]. | after the second world war, in italy q fever or coxiellosis has been shown a significant relevance, a recrudescence with an epidemic state for over ten years. later, the infectious disease occurred as endemic since the 80s, the outbreaks were just isolated. workflows analysis of some authors has demonstrated the spread out of the infection throughout italian herds with a prevalence ranging from 1.2 per cent to 10 per cent. our survey carried out throughout campania area in cattle has shown a rea ... | 2004 | 15305702 |
| [feline leishmaniasis: what's the epidemiological role of the cat?]. | feline leishmaniasis (fl) is a quite uncommon feature. clinical disease has been described in cats since nineties begin. more than 40 reports in world literature have been referred, but the clinical cases have been only recently well defined. most of the reports focus on infected cats living in endemic areas, even if, more recently fl due to leishmania infantum was found in sao paulo state, in brazil where autochthonous human or canine leishmaniasis cases have never reported. in europe clinical ... | 2004 | 15305717 |
| seroprevalence of leishmania infantum in northwestern spain, an area traditionally considered free of leishmaniasis. | northwestern spain has traditionally been considered to be free from leishmaniasis. the aim of this work was to determine the prevalence of canine leishmaniasis in this area and to assess the influence of several risk factors on the incidence of this disease. a total of 479 dogs attended at different veterinary clinics in northwestern spain were tested for l. infantum with the immunofluorescent antibody (ifa) test. the seroprevalence of l. infantum in this area was 3.7%. most of the seropositive ... | 2004 | 15604485 |