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seroprevalence of babesia ovis in sheep in catalonia, northeastern spain.an indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) was developed in order to detect antibodies against babesia ovis in different sheep flocks from catalonia, northeastern spain. of the total 2174 sera included in the study, 133 (6.1%) were positive. considerable differences in seroprevalence were detected depending on the geographical areas from which the animals originated. this must have been a consequence of the presence or absence of the vector tick, rhipicephalus bursa, the distribution of which ...19989831951
some epizootiological and clinical aspects of ovine babesiosis caused by babesia ovis--a review.the study shows a close relationship between incidence of ovine babesiosis caused by babesia ovis and the activity period and distribution area of the vector tick rhipicephalus bursa. the most important factor limiting the distribution of this tick is a decrease in humidity. in general, it is absent from areas with an average annual rainfall of less than about 300 mm. the rate of parasitaemia and the degree of anaemia were not correlated. decrease of the packed-cell volume ranged from 30 to 40%. ...19989561703
the daily distribution and circadian rhythm of detachment of engorged rhipicephalus bursa ticks from lambs and rabbits. 19958541602
clinical, clinico-pathological and serological studies of babesia ovis in experimentally infected sheep.clinical, clinico-pathological and serological studies were performed in sheep experimentally infected with babesia ovis. acute babesiosis occurred in all the lambs infested with adult rhipicephalus bursa ticks and in one lamb infested with the larvae. the rate of parasitaemia and the degree of anaemia were not correlated. decrease in the packed-cell volume ranged from 30 to 40%. parasitized erythrocytes were not observed to block capillaries in the brain, which explained the absence of nervous ...19989780825
new records for rhipicephalus bursa, boophilus microplus, b.decoloratus and hypoderma lineatum from libya. 19911768917
the seasonal occurrence of ticks (acari: ixodidae) on sheep and in the field in the judean area of israel.a 2 year survey of ixodid ticks in the judean area of israel between 1983 and 1985 showed that sheep were parasitized by the following species: rhipicephalus sanguineus group (30.6%), rhipicephalus bursa (25.3%), haemaphysalis cretica (20.5%), haemaphysalis otophila (20.1%) and hyalomma anatolicum excavatum (3.1%). three other species, hyalomma marginatum rufipes, boophilus annulatus and amblyomma lepidum were also present but in very low numbers. a total of 50,816 specimens (78.1% adult ticks) ...19968746133
rickettsia sibirica isolation from a patient and detection in ticks, portugal.we report the first isolation of rickettsia sibirica (strain mongolotimonae) from the blood of a patient and detection by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) of the rickettsia in a rhipicephalus pusillus tick collected from a dead mongoose (herpestes ichneumon) in the alentejo region, portugal. we describe also the first pcr detection of a new rickettsia strain that is related to r. sibirica.200616836827
tick-borne diseases of sheep and goats caused by babesia, theileria or anaplasma spp.a review is given on the babesia, theileria, and anaplasma species infecting sheep and goats. b. ovis is the most important disease agent. it is transmitted by rhipicephalus bursa, r. turanicus, hyalomma anatolicum excavatum, and probably by r. evertsi evertsi b. ovis is widely spread in southern europe, the middle east, and central asia. its geographical distribution in south and east asia and in africa is widely unknown. b. motasi obviously represents several nosodemes in separate regions. it ...19979530692
notes on the biology of the tick rhipicephalus bursa (canestrini and fanzago, 1877) in israel.the seasonal distribution of the tick rhipicephalus bursa in sheep has been studied during one year in two neighbouring flocks of awassi sheep in an enzootic focus of sheep babesiosis. rates of tick infestation on the two flocks were very different. pre-imaginal stages were found on the sheep during the winter months of november-march while adult ticks appeared in the middle of april and persisted until the end of july. first clinical cases of babesiosis in sheep were diagnosed 2 weeks after fin ...19892626579
a survey of ticks (acari:ixodidae) on cattle, sheep and goats in the dohuk governorate, iraq.a survey on hard ticks affecting cattle, sheep, and goats was done in dohuk governorate from march 2005 until february 2006 in three areas (dohuk surrounding area, barwary balla near turkish border, and eqre). the species collected from cattle were hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum and hyalomma anatolicum marginatum, while the species collected from sheep and goats were rhipicephalus bursa, rhipicephalus turanicus, haemaphysalis parva, and hyalomma spp. the occurrences of the ticks in the three are ...200717823824
[determination of tick species and treatment of cows, sheep and goats in the sivas-zara region].the purpose of this study was to examine tick infestation in cattle, sheep and goats in the zara-sivas region for one year and to determine the epizootiology of the tick species as well as to investigate treatment of the infested animals. tick infestation was detected in 71 (29.6%) out of 240 cattle, 66 (24.0%) out of 275 sheep and 50 (19.9%) out of 252 goats in the zara region. it has been shown that the tick infestation on cattle included haemaphysalis parva (33.8%), dermacentor marginatus (2. ...200617160854
babesia spp. identified by pcr in ticks collected from domestic and wild ruminants in southern switzerland.concurrent infections with vector-borne pathogens affected a cattle herd in switzerland, and one of the pathogens was identified as babesia bigemina, which had never been observed in this country before. therefore, a survey of the occurrence of ruminant babesia spp. and their tick vectors in switzerland was conducted. a total of 2,017 ticks were collected from sheep, goats, cattle, and wild ruminants (deer, roe deer, and chamois) in southern parts of switzerland and identified morphologically. t ...200617021198
crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus: genetic analysis and tick survey in turkey.crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) is a tick-borne virus in the family bunyaviridae, genus nairovirus. the virus is transmitted to humans through infected tick bites or from direct contact with viremic animals or humans. in the present study, a total of 1,015 adult ticks were collected from cattle (603 specimens), sheep (17 specimens), and goats (395 specimens) in the kelkit valley in turkey. four tick species were recognized on the animals in the surveyed region. the most abundant sp ...200617088370
tick species infesting ruminants in italy: ecological and bio-climatic factors affecting the different regional distribution.the distribution of tick species able to infest ruminants in italy is briefly reviewed on the basis of published records and new data obtained in several surveys carried out mainly in northern italy. the most frequent and abundant tick species found on ruminants throughout italy are ixodes ricinus and dermacentor marginatus, the first gradually replacing its association with sheep by the association with wild ruminants. rhipicephalus bursa was mainly found on cattle while r. turanicus, which is ...199911071542
general review of tick species present in portugal.at present, 24 species are known to occur in portugal: argas vespertilionis, ornithodoros maritimus and ornithodoros erraticus in argasidae; ixodes acuminatus, ixodes bivari, ixodes canisuga, ixodes frontalis, ixodes hexagonus, ixodes ricinus, ixodes simplex simplex, ixodes ventalloi, ixodes vespertilionis, dermacentor marginatus, dermacentor pictus', haemaphysalis hispanica, haemaphysalis inermis, haemaphysalis punctata, rhipicephalus bursa, rhipicephalus pusillus, rhipicephalus sanguineus, rhi ...199911071535
distribution and ecology of ticks (acari: ixodidae) infesting livestock in tunisia: an overview of eighth years field collections.ticks (ixodidae) play a significant role as vectors of pathogens of domestic animals in tunisia. the major losses caused by ticks are related to transmission of protozoan parasites. these include agents of tropical theileriosis and babesiosis in ruminants. since 1991, we conducted research studies on tick population of livestock in tunisia. this overview reports a synthesis on tick distribution, their biology and their role as vectors of pathogens in domestic animals, particularly cattle. during ...199911071534
species composition, distribution, and ecological preferences of the ticks of grazing sheep in north-central spain.the distribution and ecological preferences of tick (acari: ixodidae) parasites of grazing sheep in the region of aragón (north-central spain) were surveyed on flocks four times a year and mapped into a 5 x 5 km grid. nine tick species were found. these were species of the rhipicephalus sanguineus group (about 95% of them rhipicephalus turanicus pomerantsev, in 91% of cells of the grid), rhipicephalus bursa canestrini & fanzago (79% of cells), dermacentor marginatus (sulzer) (58% of cells), haem ...200415189237
the effect of the ovine host parasitaemia on the development of babesia ovis (babes, 1892) in the tick rhipicephalus bursa (canestrini and fanzago, 1877).batches of rhipicephalus bursa adult ticks were fed on two lambs with 10.0% (batch 1) and 0.3% (batch 2) babesia ovis parasitaemia, respectively. haemolymph and eggs were checked for parasites daily after detachment, before and after appearance of b. ovis in the lamb's blood.b. ovis kinetes were found in the haemolymph and eggs earlier in the engorged ticks detached before appearance of the parasite in the host blood. rates of haemolymph and egg infection with b. ovis as well as the percentage o ...200111240093
ticks infesting livestock on farms in western sicily, italy.the results of a 2-year survey on ticks infesting livestock on farms in western sicily, italy, are reported. several dogs living in the same area were also examined for ticks. moreover, free-living ticks from one cattle farm were caught by co(2) traps and flagging. a total of 6208 specimens was collected belonging to 9 species: rhipicephalus bursa (32.4%), rhipicephalus turanicus (22.7%), rhipicephalus sanguineus (19.3%), hyalomma lusitanicum (12.0%), haemaphysalis punctata (7.8%), hyalomma marg ...200616550337
tick-borne diseases in ruminants of central and southern italy: epidemiology and case reports.sera and blood from cattle and sheep were examined for the presence of babesia and theileria spp by microscopy and serology at the parasitology department of the istituto zooprofilattico sperimentale of abruzzo and molise (izsam). of the 47 bovine herds (323 animals) tested, 15 were found positive for babesia bigemina and 1 for babesia bovis. two outbreaks occurred, one caused by b. bigemina and one by b. bovis. the b. bigemina outbreak occurred in abruzzo and has been followed for two years. th ...199911071553
pcr-based detection of theileria ovis in rhipicephalus bursa adult ticks.tick-borne diseases in ruminants are common in tropical and subtropical regions and lead to meat and milk production losses. in this study, polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to assess the presence of theileria ovis in rhipicephalus bursa ticks. we have demonstrated that the pcr enabled detection of t. ovis in field isolates of r. bursa collected from naturally infested sheep and goats in eastern turkey. the sampling was done in spring season (between may and june 2004). a total of 420 r. ...200616682122
prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in ticks in sicily.the prevalence of anaplasma, ehrlichia, rickettsia and babesia/theileria species was analysed in questing and feeding adult ticks in sicily. a total of 678 ticks were collected and analysed in this study. of these, 29 were questing ticks and 649 were collected from infested cattle, sheep, goats or dogs. tick species analysed included rhipicephalus bursa, r. turanicus, r. sanguineus, hyalomma lusitanicum, h. marginatum, dermacentor marginatus, ixodes ricinus, r. (boophilus) annulatus and haemaphy ...201020537102
detection of babesia ovis by pcr in rhipicephalus bursa collected from naturally infested sheep and goats.polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to assess the presence and the frequency of babesia ovis infection in the adult rhipicephalus bursa and their hosts in elazig province located in eastern turkey. tick and blood samples were collected from 32 sheep and 28 goats of four selected herds. a total of 226 r. bursa were randomly selected from the collected ticks and their salivary glands were dissected out in 0.85% saline under stereo microscope. dna amplification method revealed that the frequen ...200817881019
the life cycle of rhipicephalus bursa canestrini and fanzago, 1877 (acarina: ixodidae) under laboratory conditions.the biology of rhipicephalus bursa has not been thoroughly studied. in the present study r. bursa was bred in the laboratory and its biology worked out.larvae, nymphs and adult rhipicephalus bursa ticks were fed on sheep and were held at 28+/-1 degrees c and 89+/-1% relative humidity (rh) in a darkened incubator. the average weight of engorged females was 0.676g (range 0.353-1.128). the average weight of eggs laid by females was 0.344g (range 0.146-0. 554g). the average number of eggs laid was 7 ...200010729650
a study of an enzootic focus of sheep babesiosis (babesia ovis, babes, 1892).morbidity and mortality due to babesia ovis in sheep flocks grazing in an enzootic area of israel occur yearly, about 2 weeks after detection of adult rhipicephalus bursa ticks on the animals. disease incidence peaks in may, but lasts throughout the active period of the adult ticks in the spring-summer months of april-july. no clinical cases of babesiosis have been registered during the active period of the preimaginal stages of r. bursa, from october to february. incidence of parasitaemia durin ...19958747918
ticks infesting domestic animals in northern greece.the tick species infesting grazing animals in the countryside of 11 prefectures in northern greece were investigated during april-july and september-december of consecutive years 2003-2006. a total of 3,249 (1,952 males, 1,297 females) adult ticks were collected from goats, sheep, cattle and dogs. ticks were identified as ixodes ricinus (44.57%), ixodes gibbosus (4.09%), rhipicephalus bursa (19.14%), rhipicephalus sanguineus, rhipicephalus turanicus (5.79%), hyalomma marginatum marginatum (12.40 ...200818563592
detection and identification of spotted fever group rickettsiae in ticks collected in southern croatia.a total of 197 ticks belonging to four species (haemaphysalis punctata, hyalomma marginatum, rhipicephalus bursa and dermacentor marginatus) collected in october 2000 from domestic animals in southern croatia were examined for the presence of rickettsiae by molecular techniques. specific sequences of the rickettsiae were detected in 25 (12.7%) of ticks tested. the prevalence of infection in d. marginatus and h. marginatum ticks was 36.8 and 64.7%, respectively. none of the ticks belonging to the ...200214570128
ticks of domestic animals in the macedonia region of greece.a study was carried out on ticks of domestic animals in the macedonia region of greece. during 1983-1986, 11,620 tick specimens, belonging to 18 species and subspecies, were collected from cattle, sheep, goats and dogs, in 64 localities throughout macedonia. rhipicephalus bursa, the most common tick, and hyalomma marginatum marginatum occurred in all bioclimatic zones, as well as the two one-host ticks, boophilus annulatus and h. detritum scupense, which were present in fewer localities. r. tura ...19968792578
the recent evolution of a maternally-inherited endosymbiont of ticks led to the emergence of the q fever pathogen, coxiella burnetii.q fever is a highly infectious disease with a worldwide distribution. its causative agent, the intracellular bacterium coxiella burnetii, infects a variety of vertebrate species, including humans. its evolutionary origin remains almost entirely unknown and uncertainty persists regarding the identity and lifestyle of its ancestors. a few tick species were recently found to harbor maternally-inherited coxiella-like organisms engaged in symbiotic interactions, but their relationships to the q fever ...201525978383
application of highly sensitive saturation labeling to the analysis of differential protein expression in infected ticks from limited samples.abstract:201020704695
ticks (acari: ixodidae) infesting cattle and some other domestic and wild hosts on the french mediterranean island of corsica.corsica is a mountainous french island in the north-western mediterranean presenting a large diversity of natural environments where many interactions between domestic animals and wild fauna occur. despite a favourable context for ticks and tick-borne diseases (tbds), the tick fauna of corsica has not systematically been investigated.201627842608
genetic analysis of the m rna segment of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus strains in turkey.crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) virus is member of the genus nairovirus of the family bunyaviridae. all members of the family bunyaviridae are enveloped viruses containing tripartite, negative polarity, single-stranded rna. cchf is characterized by high case mortality, occurring in asia, africa, the middle east and europe. during recent years, outbreaks have been reported in turkey. however, little information is available on the genetic diversity of cchf virus in turkey. in this study, a ...200817955162
the geographical distribution and animal hosts of rhipicephalus bursa (canestrini and fanzago, 1877) in israel. 19853842178
hard ticks (acari, ixodidae) of croatia.the present paper is based on original and literature data. in croatia the first studies on the occurrence of ixodid species were made about 80 years ago. the number of tick species recorded in croatia considerably increased during the 1950s, 60s, 70s and 80s of the past century. a total of 21 species of hard tick belonging to 5 genera have been recorded in croatia. ixodes is the best represented genus, with seven species recorded. haemaphysalis is represented by six species, followed by rhipice ...201223372407
tick-borne bacteria in mouflons and their ectoparasites in cyprus.the cypriot mouflon (ovis orientalis ophion), a once almost extirpated species of wild sheep, is under strict surveillance because it can be threatened by likely transmission of pathogenic bacteria, such as anaplasma spp., rickettsia spp., and coxiella burnetii, primarily from domestic ungulates. we collected 77 blood samples from cypriot mouflons and 663 of their ectoparasites (rhipicephalus turanicus, rhipicephalus sanguineus, rhipicephalus bursa, hyalomma anatolicum excavatum, hyalomma margin ...201121441182
ixodid ticks in bosnia and herzegovina.ticks of the ixodidae family represent an enormous threat to human and animal health. from january to december 2004, a total of 10,050 ixodid ticks were collected from 26 areas in bosnia and herzegovina and determined to the species level. ticks were collected from dogs, sheep, cows, goats, rodents, humans and plants. ixodes ricinus was the most prevalent species, followed by dermacentor marginatus marginatus, rhipicephalus bursa, hyalomma marginatum marginatum, rhipicephalus sanguineus, haemaph ...201020967487
a new multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis reveals different clusters for anaplasma phagocytophilum circulating in domestic and wild ruminants.anaplasma phagocytophilum is a tick-borne intragranulocytic alpha-proteobacterium. it is the causative agent of tick-borne fever in ruminants, and of human granulocytic anaplasmosis in humans, two diseases which are becoming increasingly recognized in europe and the usa. however, while several molecular typing tools have been developed over the last years, few of them are appropriate for in-depth exploration of the epidemiological cycle of this bacterium. therefore we have developed a multiple-l ...201425228371
sex-biased differences in the effects of host individual, host population and environmental traits driving tick parasitism in red deer.the interactions between host individual, host population, and environmental factors modulate parasite abundance in a given host population. since adult exophilic ticks are highly aggregated in red deer (cervus elaphus) and this ungulate exhibits significant sexual size dimorphism, life history traits and segregation, we hypothesized that tick parasitism on males and hinds would be differentially influenced by each of these factors. to test the hypothesis, ticks from 306 red deer-182 males and 1 ...201323819112
first molecular detection of theileria ovis in rhipicephalus sanguineus tick in iran.to determine tick infestation of domestic ruminants and their infection to ovine theileriosis in northern iran.201222182639
species diversity and geographic distribution of hard ticks (acari: ixodoidea: ixodidae) infesting domestic ruminants, in qazvin province, iran.this report presents the results of the first faunistic study of hard ticks in qazvin province of iran. the primary objective was to determine the species diversity and geographic distribution of hard ticks that parasitize domestic ruminants. information about the abiotic preferences of these species has been provided. a total of 286 cattle, 1,053 goats, and 2,050 sheep were examined in 13 villages in 28 flocks distributed throughout the studied areas. total direct body collections of ticks were ...201121805220
crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus in ticks collected from humans, livestock, and picnic sites in the hyperendemic region of turkey.abstract during june and july 2007, about 3125 adult ticks were collected from humans, animals, and vegetation in a hyperendemic region (sivas and tokat) of turkey. a total of 2193 ticks were pooled in 225 pools and screened for the crimean congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) presence by antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. infection rates were calculated as the maximum likelihood estimation with 95% confidence intervals (ci). the dominant tick species was found to be hyalomma ma ...201121736490
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