| abortion and serological reaction of ewes after conjunctival instillation of salmonella enterica subsp enterica ser abortusovis. | the aim of the experiment was to evaluate in pregnant ewes the clinical, bacteriological and serological effects of conjunctival instillation of s abortusovis. an individual dose of 1 x 10(10) viable s abortusovis were administered to 20 ewes 92 d after mating. among 18 pregnant ewes, 8 aborted 110 +/- 13 d after mating, 4 had stillborn lambs and 6 a clinically normal lambing (114 +/- 1.3 d). s abortusovis was isolated from placentas, swabs and foetuses of the 12 lambings. evolution of "h" agglu ... | 1991 | 2042907 |
| experimental ovine salmonellosis (salmonella abortusovis): pathogenesis and vaccination. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ser. abortusovis, a sheep-adapted serotype, causes a contagious disease. abortion is the major symptom and the main source of contamination. research on this ovine disease may aid farmers, but may also contribute to comparative biological knowledge. innate resistance partly controlled by the ity locus, increased resistance to reinfection and humoral and t-cell-mediated immunity were observations gained with a murine model. in ewes, abortion regularly occurs fo ... | 1990 | 2101486 |
| prevalence and characteristics of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli, salmonella spp. and campylobacter spp. isolated from slaughtered sheep in switzerland. | caecum samples collected from 653 slaughtered sheep from two swiss abattoirs were examined. the aim of this study was: (i) to determine the prevalence of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec), salmonella spp. and campylobacter spp.; (ii) to further characterize isolated strains; and (iii) to discuss the results obtained with their relevance to food safety. the percentage of samples testing positive for stec by a polymerase chain reaction was 29.9%. the prevalence of positive salmonella s ... | 2004 | 15033267 |
| vaccinal properties of salmonella abortusovis mutants for streptomycin: screening with an ovine model. | living attenuated vaccines may help control infection with salmonella enterica subspecies enterica ser abortusovis in sheep without constraints incompatible with husbandry. virulence and immunogenicity of 2 abortusovis streptomycin-dependent strains and 3 reverse mutants were compared in sheep, the virulent parental strain abortusovis 15/5 being used as reference. reduction of virulence with conservation of some immunogenicity was demonstrated for the 5 mutant strains after intravenous or subcut ... | 1990 | 2344139 |
| epidemiological evaluation by rrna-dna hybridization of strains of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar abortusovis isolated in southern italy in the years 1981-1989. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar abortusovis is a major agent of abortion of the sheep and is firmly established, although at low prevalence, in sicily. this paper describes the application rdna gene restriction pattern fingerprinting to investigate relatedness among 7 serovar abortusovis strains isolated at the "istituto zooprofilattico sperimentale" of sicily and 29 isolates identified at the southern italy centre of enterobacteriaceae between 1981 and 1989. although abortusovis ser ... | 1991 | 1727022 |
| vaccination of pregnant ewes against infection with salmonella brandenburg. | to develop a challenge model for salmonella brandenburg infection in pregnant ewes. to compare efficacies of a live attenuated salmonella typhimurium mutant, a subunit preparation from a virulent s. brandenburg isolate, and a commercial multivalent inactivated vaccine in their ability to prevent experimental s. brandenburg infection. to assess the efficacy of the live attenuated s. typhimurium mutant against natural s. brandenburg infection in lambs. | 2005 | 16317442 |
| novel haemolysins of salmonella enterica spp. enterica serovar gallinarum. | haemolysins of salmonella are important due to their probable role in pathogenesis of systemic salmonellosis and use in sub-serovar level typing. the present study was undertaken to determine haemolytic potential of salmonella gallinarum strains through phenotypic and genotypic methods. amplification of haemolysin gene (clya) and cytolysin gene (slya) was attempted in order to determine their role in haemolysin production. study on 94 strains of s. gallinarum revealed the production of two types ... | 2005 | 16053269 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of animal strains of salmonella enterica isolated in italy from 2001 to 2003. | | 2005 | 15720524 |
| haemolysins of salmonella, their role in pathogenesis and subtyping of salmonella serovars. | haemolysin patterns of 175 strains of different salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovars isolated from different animal sources and places were determined using 11 different blood agar media made with either non-washed horse/sheep erythrocytes or with washed erythrocytes of cattle, sheep, horse, goat, rabbit, guinea pig, and human a, o and b blood groups. study on 47 strains belonging to 10 serovars of salmonella from buffalo meat (buffen), 42 strains of 11 serovars from goat meat (chevo ... | 2004 | 15233302 |
| transposition of the heat-stable toxin asta gene into a gifsy-2-related prophage of salmonella enterica serovar abortusovis. | the horizontal transfer and acquisition of virulence genes via mobile genetic elements have been a major driving force in the evolution of salmonella pathogenicity. serovars of salmonella enterica carry variable assortments of phage-encoded virulence genes, suggesting that temperate phages play a pivotal role in this process. epidemic isolates of s. enterica serovar typhimurium are consistently lysogenic for two lambdoid phages, gifsy-1 and gifsy-2, carrying known virulence genes. other serovars ... | 2004 | 15231789 |
| antibiotic resistance genes, integrons and multiple antibiotic resistance in thirty-five serotypes of salmonella enterica isolated from humans and animals in the uk. | to examine 397 strains of salmonella enterica of human and animal origin comprising 35 serotypes for the presence of aadb, aphai-iab, aada1, aada2, bla(carb(2)) or pse1, bla(tem), cat1, cat2, dhfr1, flor, stra, sul1, sul2, teta(a), teta(b) and teta(g) genes, the presence of class 1 integrons and the relationship of resistance genes to integrons and antibiotic resistance. | 2004 | 14729766 |
| the agreement in isolation of salmonella enterica iiib 61:k:1,5,(7) from rectal swabs, faecal samples and ileo-caecal lymph nodes from sheep. | the agreements between various culturing-method combinations and specimens to detect sheep naturally infected by salmonella enterica iiib 61:k:1,5,(7) were tested. rectal swabs, faecal samples and ileo-caecal lymph nodes were collected from each individual. rectal swabs called "group i" (n = 54) were cultured directly on selective media (selenite cysteine, sc). rectal swabs called "group ii" (n = 47) were pre-incubated in buffered peptone water. the four other combinations of culturing-method an ... | 2003 | 12900156 |
| unilateral orchitis and epididymitis caused by salmonella enterica subspecies diarizonae infection in a ram. | a case of unilateral suppurative epididymo-orchitis associated with salmonella enterica subsp. diarizonae serovar 61:k:1,5,(7) infection is described in a 2-year-old ram. gross lesions were characterized by severe enlargement of the scrotal contents, fibrous adhesions between testicular layers, coexistence of epididymal abscesses and foci of fibrinous exudate, and testicular atrophy. microscopically, testicular and epididymal microabscesses and diffuse inflammatory infiltrates with abundant macr ... | 2007 | 17402617 |
| detection of pathogens in ovine and caprine abortion samples from sardinia, italy, by pcr. | during 2003-2005, 399 abortion samples (315 fetuses and 84 placentae) were collected from 107 ovine and caprine farms in northern sardinia. tissues from aborted fetuses and placentae were examined by pcr assay to detect dna from coxiella burnetii, chlamydophila abortus, salmonella enterica serovar abortusovis, toxoplasma gondii, and neospora caninum. the dna from at least 1 of these 5 infectious agents was amplified in 41% of ovine fetuses, while only 17% of the caprine fetuses yielded a positiv ... | 2007 | 17459840 |
| a comparison of antimicrobial susceptibilities in nontyphoidal salmonellas from humans and food animals in england and wales in 2000. | a joint study by the public health laboratory service and the veterinary laboratories agency of resistance to antimicrobials in isolates of salmonella enterica serotypes enteritidis, typhimurium, hadar, and virchow from humans and food-producing animals in england and wales in 2000 has demonstrated that resistance was most common in typhimurium, particularly in strains of definitive phage type (dt) 104. however resistance was also common in other phage types, particularly dts 193 and 208 and pha ... | 2003 | 12820804 |
| investigation of the genetic diversity among isolates of salmonella enterica serovar dublin from animals and humans from england, wales and ireland. | to assess the degree of genetic diversity among animal salmonella dublin uk isolates, and to compare it with the genetic diversity found among human isolates from the same time period. | 2002 | 12392517 |
| antimicrobial resistance in salmonella isolated from animals and their environment in england and wales from 1988 to 1999. | resistance to 16 antimicrobial agents was monitored in 109,125 salmonella cultures isolated from animals, their environment and feedstuffs between 1988 and 1999. the sensitivity of the 6512 isolates of salmonella enterica enterica serotype dublin to all the antimicrobial agents tested varied from 98.2 per cent in 1997 to 99.7 per cent in 1990 and 1996. in contrast, among 28,053 isolates of salmonella enterica enterica serotype typhimurium, there was a marked decrease in their sensitivity to all ... | 2002 | 12054133 |
| is200 fingerprinting of salmonella enterica serotype abortusovis strains isolated in iran. | salmonella enterica serovar abortusovis is one of the most common pathogens responsible for abortion in sheep. in iran, the spread of abortusovis is highly dependent on the nomadic life style. in this study we performed is200 fingerprinting to identify the clonal lines circulating in iran. all the isolates contained 4 or 5 copies of the transposon and could be classified in 4 genotypes. a single genotype was highly prevalent and very likely it has circulated in iran since 1970. all the isolates ... | 2002 | 12002552 |
| prevalence of a salmonella subspecies diarizonae in norwegian sheep herds. | we studied the prevalence of salmonella enterica subspecies diarizonae serovar 61:k:1,5,(7) (s. iiib 61:k:1,5,(7)) in 133 norwegian sheep herds from throughout the country. we used a nested case-control study to identify major risk factors. two pooled samples (one from lambs and one from adult sheep) were collected from each herd from (10 different) abattoirs. the regional prevalence varied from 0 to 45%, and was more prevalent in adults than in lambs. sixteen of the 133 herds tested positive to ... | 2002 | 11849722 |
| the prevalence and dynamics of salmonella enterica iiib 61:k:1,5,(7) in sheep flocks in norway. | fifty randomly selected sheep flocks from a region in central norway were sampled in december 1999 to determine the flock prevalence of salmonella enterica subspecies diarizonae serovar 61:k:1,5,(7) (s. iiib 61:k:1,5,(7)). from each flock, 15-41 rectal swabs were collected from individual sheep of different age groups and examined for s. iiib 61:k:1,5,(7). positive flocks were visited again in january-april and each time, rectal swabs from the same animals were collected and examined for this sp ... | 2002 | 11849721 |
| effect of protein sv-iv on experimental salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium infection in mice. | seminal vesicle protein iv (sv-iv) is a secretory anti-inflammatory, procoagulant, and immunomodulatory protein produced in large amounts by the seminal vesicle epithelium of the rat under the strict transcriptional control of androgen. in particular, this protein was shown to possess the ability to markedly inhibit in vivo the humoral and cell-mediated immune responses of mice to nonbacterial cellular antigens (sheep erythrocytes and spermatozoa). we report data that demonstrate that in mice tr ... | 2002 | 11777840 |
| increase in salmonella enterica subspecies diarizonae serovar 61:k:1,5,(7) in sheep. | | 2001 | 11720209 |
| salmonella enterica serovar-host specificity does not correlate with the magnitude of intestinal invasion in sheep. | the colonization of intestinal and systemic tissues by salmonella enterica serovars with different host specificities was determined 7 days after inoculation of 1 to 2-month-old lambs. following oral inoculation, s. enterica serovars abortusovis, dublin, and gallinarum were recovered in comparable numbers from the intestinal mucosa, but serovar gallinarum was recovered in lower numbers than the other serovars from systemic sites. the pattern of bacterial recovery from systemic sites following in ... | 2001 | 11292728 |
| plasmid-mediated florfenicol resistance encoded by the flor gene in escherichia coli isolated from cattle. | a florfenicol resistance gene almost identical to flor of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium dt104 was detected on 110- to 125-kb plasmids in escherichia coli isolates of animal origin. analysis of the flor gene flanking regions of one of the plasmids showed that they were different from those encountered in s. enterica serovar typhimurium dt104. | 2000 | 10991873 |
| growth of salmonella choleraesuis subspecies diarizonae serovar 61:k:1,5,(7) in broth and fresh mutton. | three serovars of salmonella choleraesuis (iiib 61:k:1,5,(7), enteritidis and dublin) were grown in broths of ph 5.5 and 6.2 and incubated at 4, 6, 8 or 12 degrees c. growth in the broth, measured by means of an increase of absorbance, was not observed below 8 degrees c. at 8 and 12 degrees c, the maximum growth rate (mu(max)), lag period and maximum absorbance level (max(abs)) varied according to serovar and ph. in general, serovar iiib 61:k:1,5,(7) and serovar enteritidis grew better than sero ... | 2000 | 10868677 |
| effects of ractopamine hcl on escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella in vitro and on intestinal populations and fecal shedding in experimentally infected sheep and pigs. | the effects of the beta-agonist ractopamine, approved for use in finishing swine and cattle to improve carcass quality and performance, were examined on two important foodborne pathogens, escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella. ractopamine, administered to sheep before and after oral inoculation with e. coli o157:h7, increased (p < 0.01) fecal shedding and tended to increase (p = 0.08) cecal populations of the challenge strain. pigs receiving ractopamine in the diet and then experimentally infe ... | 2006 | 16775793 |
| phage types of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis isolated in south africa from 1991-1995. | a total of 615 strains of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis (se), received from 1991-1995 at the onderstepoort veterinary institute (ovi), were phage typed. most se isolates (54,7%) originated from poultry followed by humans (28,5 %) and poultry eggs (9,6 %). phage type 34 was the most prevalent (40,5 %) of all isolates, followed by phage type 4 (33,8 %). other phage types identified were 1, lb, 4a, 7, 7a, 9a, 14, 24, 24var and 35 (in total 2,4% of isolates). most isolates of se were recei ... | 2000 | 11028749 |
| virulence attenuation and live vaccine potential of aroa, crp cdt cya, and plasmid-cured mutants of salmonella enterica serovar abortusovis in mice and sheep. | three live vaccine candidates of salmonella enterica subspecies i serotype abortusovis (aroa, cya crp cdt, and plasmid-cured strains) have been developed, and their efficacies in inducing humoral antibodies and protecting against abortion after challenge with wild-type strain ss44 were evaluated in sheep. following estrus synchronization, animals were immunized 3 weeks after fertilization and boosted once 3 weeks later. following challenge with wild-type ss44, pregnancy failure of vaccinated ewe ... | 2005 | 15972523 |
| characterization of the enterobacteriaceae isolated from an artisanal italian ewe's cheese (pecorino abruzzese). | to evaluate some physiological characteristics of the enterobacteriaceae isolated from pecorino cheese. | 2006 | 16882142 |
| epidemiological tracing of salmonella enterica serotype abortusovis from spanish ovine flocks by pfge fingerprinting. | salmonella enterica serotype abortusovis, an ovine host-specific serotype, rare in most countries, is responsible for epidemic abortion episodes in spain. with the aim of surveillance and detection of the spread of specific clones, 55 abortusovis isolates collected during 1996-2001 from flocks in 11 provinces, were studied using xbai-pfge. despite the fact that the strains were geographically and spatially related, pfge demonstrated an epidemiologically acceptable discriminating power, identifyi ... | 2007 | 16899137 |
| an outbreak of salmonella abortusovis abortions in sheep in south croatia. | the aim of the study was to give an account of the epidemic of abortions in sheep caused by salmonella enterica ssp. enterica serovar abortusovis, which occurred in dalmatia, south croatia, in winter 2003-2004. five sheep flocks with rate of abortion ranging from 22% to 38% during the last-third of gestation were examined. salmonella abortusovis was isolated from 13 vaginal smears and two fetuses. direct inoculation was found to be superior to pre-enrichment and enrichment in selective broth for ... | 2006 | 16907961 |
| fate of pathogens in a simulated bioreduction system for livestock carcasses. | the eu animal by-products regulations generated the need for novel methods of storage and disposal of dead livestock. bioreduction prior to rendering or incineration has been proposed as a practical and potentially cost-effective method; however, its biosecurity characteristics need to be elucidated. to address this, salmonella enterica (serovars senftenberg and poona), enterococcus faecalis, campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter coli and a lux-marked strain of escherichia coli o157 were inoculate ... | 2011 | 22119516 |
| molecular epidemiology and population genetics of salmonella subspecies diarizonae in sheep in norway and sweden. | fifty-four isolates of salmonella enterica subsp. diarizonae (iiib) in norway, sweden, england, the united states, france and australia were characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). this study focuses on serovar 61:k:1,5,(7) [s. iiib 61:k:1,5,(7)] isolated from sheep. digestion of the bacterial dna with restriction enzyme xhai yielded 15 distinct pfge profiles comprising 12-16 fragments in the range 48.5-630.5 kbp. four different profiles were identified in norwegian sheep isola ... | 2004 | 15061500 |
| abortion due to salmonella enterica serovar abortusovis (s. abortusovis) in ewes is associated to a lack of production of ifn-gamma and can be prevented by immunization with inactivated s. abortusovis vaccine. | salmonellosis due to salmonella enterica serovar abortusovis (s. abortusovis) is mainly characterized by abortion in sheep. little is known about the immune response, which develops in the host as a result of infection. we evaluated the immune response of pregnant ewes vaccinated and successively exposed to full virulent s. abortusovis. we found that vaccine constituted by inactivated s. abortusovis induced both humoral and cellular-mediated immune response and that it provided protection agains ... | 2007 | 17257785 |
| biophysical characterization of the interaction of endotoxins with hemoglobins. | bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, lps) is the major component of the outer leaflet of the outer membrane in gram-negative bacteria. during severe infections, bacteria may reach the blood circuit of humans, and endotoxins may be released from the bacteria due to cell division or cell death. in particular enterobacterial forms of lps represent extremely strong activator molecules of the human immune system causing a rapid induction of cytokine production in monocytes and macrophages. variou ... | 2007 | 17266619 |
| a fusogenic peptide expressed on the surface of salmonella enterica elicits ctl responses to a dengue virus epitope. | attenuated salmonella strains are used widely as live carriers of antigens because they elicit both mucosal and systemic immunity against passenger antigens. however, they generally evoke poor cytotoxic t cell (ctl) responses because salmonella resides within vacuolar compartments and the passenger antigens must travel to the cytosol and be processed through the mhc class i-dependent pathway to simulate ctls. to address this problem, we designed a fusion protein to destabilize the phagosome memb ... | 2007 | 17543427 |
| salmonella enterica serotype urbana interference with brucellosis serology. | sheep were immunized with killed salmonella enterica serotype urbana cells and their sera were tested in various serological tests for antibody to brucella sp., yersinia enterocolitica o:9 and escherichia coli o:157 h:7. of the eight sheep, all gave a positive agglutination reaction in the brucellosis buffered antigen plate agglutination test (bpat), seven gave positive brucellosis standard tube agglutination test (tat) and complement fixation test (cft) results and four gave slightly positive r ... | 2007 | 17613674 |
| gastrointestinal microbial ecology and the safety of our food supply as related to salmonella. | salmonella causes an estimated 1.3 million human foodborne illnesses and more than 500 deaths each year in the united states, representing an annual estimated cost to the economy of approximately $2.4 billion. salmonella enterica comprises more than 2,500 serotypes. with this genetic and environmental diversity, serotypes are adapted to live in a variety of hosts, which may or may not manifest with clinical illness. thus, salmonella presents a multifaceted threat to food production and safety. s ... | 2008 | 17878279 |
| salmonella infection of afferent lymph dendritic cells. | the interactions of salmonella enterica subspecies i serotype abortusovis (s. abortusovis) with ovine afferent lymph dendritic cells (aldcs) were investigated for their ability to deliver maedi visna virus (mvv) gag p25 antigens to aldcs purified from afferent lymph. salmonellae were found to enter aldc populations by a process of cell invasion, as confirmed by electron and confocal microscopy. this led to phenotypical changes in aldc populations, as defined by cd1b and cd14 expression. no diffe ... | 2008 | 17986631 |
| diseases and reproductive success in a wild mammal: example in the alpine chamois. | density-dependent and climatic factors affect reproduction and dynamics of wild ungulates. parasites can also decrease reproductive success through either a direct abortive effect or a negative impact on host growth and body condition. however, few studies have investigated the effect of parasitism on fecundity of ungulates in natural conditions. we studied three bacterial infections caused by salmonella enterica serovar abortusovis, chlamydophila abortus and coxiella burnetii. these bacteria ar ... | 2008 | 18189146 |
| multiplex pcr for the direct detection of salmonella enterica from chicken, lamb and beef food products. | three sets of known salmonella enterica-specific primers were used collectively, for the first time, to evaluate the use of multiplex polymerase chain reaction (m-pcr) as a diagnostic tool to detect salmonella enterica in naturally contaminated meat and poultry products. for this purpose a total of 300 samples representing the most frequently used fresh and frozen meat (beef and lamb) and poultry (chicken) products (whole, cut, ground, and processed) were collected from eight locations within ir ... | 2003 | 12872313 |
| trends in phage types and antimicrobial resistance of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis isolated from animals in great britain from 1990 to 2005. | surveillance data for salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis incidents and isolations from food animals in great britain from 1990 to 2005 were analysed to detect any trends and provide the basis for a comparison between phage types (pt) and antimicrobial sensitivity patterns in human beings and animals. during 2001 to 2005 there was a decrease in incidents involving most species except ducks. only the numbers of incidents involving pts 6, 6a, 9b and 14b (in ducks) and pts 6a and 13a (in mammal ... | 2008 | 18441349 |
| role of the striatum in the humoral immune response to thymus-independent and thymus-dependent antigens in rats. | since the role of striatal gabaergic medium-sized spiny (msp) neurons in the modulation of the immune responses is largely unknown, we evaluated the humoral immune response in rats with bilateral lesion of the striatum caused by quinolinic acid, which destroys msp neurons. sham-operated rats and those with striatal lesions were immunized either with tnp-lps, a t-independent antigen type 1, or one of several t-dependent antigens: ovoalbumin, bovine serum albumin, lysozyme, sheep red blood cells ( ... | 2008 | 18639583 |
| the in vitro anti-pathogenic activity of immunoglobulin concentrates extracted from ovine blood. | an immunoglobulin-rich fraction has been prepared from ovine blood in our laboratory. we have investigated its antibacterial activity and binding activity to pathogenic whole cell antigens, lipopolysaccharide (lps) and staphylococcal enterotoxin b. ovine immunoglobulin concentrate (oic) comprised about 73 +/- 2% of igg and 11 +/- 1% of igm on a protein basis. it inhibited the growth of all 13 strains of pathogens tested, but the inhibitory activity varied according to bacterial strain. the inhib ... | 2009 | 18769875 |
| molecular genotyping of salmonella enterica abortusovis by pulsed field gel electrophoresis. | genotyping of salmonella strains is an important tool to discriminate among isolates and to improve epidemiological studies when an outbreak occurs. no phagetyping scheme is available for salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar abortusovis (sao) and molecular methods previously used were not standardized and were time consuming. among the dna-based methods of genotyping, pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge) is currently in use to subtype salmonella isolates. in this study we evaluated the ... | 2006 | 16624505 |
| a recurring salmonellosis epidemic in new zealand linked to contact with sheep. | one strain of salmonella brandenburg began causing large numbers of human infections in new zealand in 1998. we investigated the emergence of this strain using combined notification and laboratory data on human and animal disease and a case-control study. s. brandenburg infection in humans was characterized by spring peaks and high rates in the southern half of the south island. this epidemic pattern followed very closely that seen in sheep. the case-control study found that infection was signif ... | 2007 | 16740191 |
| retrospective study on the incidence of salmonella isolations in animals in south africa, 1996 to 2006. | a retrospective study that involves the analysis of laboratory diagnostic data collected during the period 1996-2006 was conducted. a total of 3417 salmonella isolations involving 183 different serotypes was recorded from 1999-2006, inclusive, at the onderstepoort veterinary institute, agricultural research council, south africa. the most common serotypes were salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar typhimurium (917 incidents), salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar dublin (248 ... | 2010 | 20649153 |
| nationwide pseudo-outbreak of salmonella enterica subspecies diarizonae, france. | abstract to investigate an increased incidence of human cultures growing salmonella enterica subspecies diarizonae serotype 61:k:1,5,7 in france in 2008, we reviewed medical records of case-patients and identified the material used during invasive procedures and for bacterial culture. trace back investigations incriminated culture media containing contaminated sheep blood agar. | 2010 | 20718799 |
| epidemiology of salmonella enterica serovars enteritidis and typhimurium in animals and people in scotland between 1990 and 2001. | two serovars of salmonella which are currently of particular importance in both human and animal infections are salmonella enterica serovars enteritidis phage type 4 (pt4) and typhimurium definitive type 104 (dt104). this paper describes the trends in the relationships between the levels of infection of people and a range of farm animal species with these two serovars and explores some of the reasons behind them. in 1996, there was a peak of 520 reports of s typhimurium dt104 infection in people ... | 2003 | 14620550 |
| protective immunity conferred by a dna adenine methylase deficient salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium vaccine when delivered in-water to sheep challenged with salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | stimulation of acquired immunity to salmonella in livestock is not feasible in neonates (which can be infected within 24h of birth) and is challenging in feedlots, which typically source animals from diverse locations and vendors. induction of innate immune mechanisms through mass vaccination of animals upon arrival to feedlots is an alternative approach. transport, environmental conditions, changes in social grouping, and further handling during feedlot assembly are significant stressors. these ... | 2011 | 21473951 |
| onset of diarrhea and pyrexia and time to detection of salmonella enterica subsp enterica in feces in experimental studies of cattle, horses, goats, and sheep after infection per os. | to determine time to first detection of salmonella organisms in feces of animals after experimental infection po and times to onset of diarrhea and pyrexia to evaluate a common method for identifying nosocomial infections on the basis of time of admission and onset of clinical signs (ie, the 3-day criterion). | 2011 | 21568780 |
| Prevalence of Salmonella enterica and the hygienic indicator Escherichia coli in raw meat at markets in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. | This study investigated the hygienic status and prevalence of Salmonella and Escherichia coli in retail meat sold at open markets in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. A total of 150 samples of beef meat (n = 45), beef intestine (n = 45), mutton (n = 30), and chicken (n = 30) were collected from four local markets for investigation. The prevalence of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica was 9.3%, and six serotypes, all previously unreported in Burkina Faso, were identified: Derby, Tilene, Hato, Bredeney, ... | 2011 | 21902926 |
| isolation of different serovars of salmonella enterica from wild birds in great britain between 1995 and 2003. | postmortem examinations were carried out on the carcases of 779 wild birds. salmonellosis was a common cause of death in greenfinches (carduelis chloris), house sparrows (passer domesticus) and chaffinches (fringilla coelebs), and was also responsible for the deaths of other birds such as goldfinches (carduelis carduelis), feral pigeons and different species of gulls. most cases of salmonellosis in finches occurred between january and march, whereas salmonellosis in house sparrows tended to occu ... | 2006 | 16782854 |
| salmonella indiana as a cause of abortion in ewes: genetic diversity and resistance patterns. | salmonella enterica subspecies enterica indiana, a food-borne serovar uncommon in most countries, was responsible for an outbreak of abortion in a flock of lacaune dairy ewes in southern spain. drinking water and feedstuff samples were analysed in an attempt to determine the source of the infection. pigeons (columba livia) and turtledoves (streptopelia turtur) in close contact with the ewes were captured and examined for the bacterium. seventeen s. indiana strains were isolated from the ewes and ... | 2009 | 18823722 |
| adaptation and cross-adaptation of listeria monocytogenes and salmonella enterica to poultry decontaminants. | information on the potential for acquired reduced susceptibility of bacteria to poultry decontaminants occurring is lacking. minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics) were established for assessing the initial susceptibility and the adaptative and cross-adaptative responses of four bacterial strains (listeria monocytogenes serovar l/2a, l. monocytogenes serovar 4b, salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium, and s. enterica serotype enteritidis) to four poultry decontaminants (trisodium phosphate, ... | 2009 | 19412596 |
| development of an indirect elisa for the detection of serum igg antibodies against region iv of phase 1 flagellin of salmonella enterica serovar brandenburg in sheep. | region iv of phase 1 flagellin (flic) of salmonella enterica serovar brandenburg (s. brandenburg) was expressed in escherichia coli and purified by nickel chelate affinity chromatography. the purified recombinant protein was evaluated for its suitability as an antigen in an indirect elisa for the detection of antibodies in sheep sera. a cut-off value of 0.1 was calculated using 80 serum samples collected from sheep with no previous history of s. brandenburg. in the present study we show the resu ... | 2009 | 19696151 |
| characterization of antimicrobial resistant salmonella enterica serovars enteritidis and typhimurium isolates from animal and food in southern italy. | in the last two decades, the emergence and spread of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens, among them salmonella, has become a serious health hazard worldwide, and specifically the high incidence of multidrug resistance has been encountered widely in many european countries. this study examines the antimicrobial susceptibility of salmonella enterica strains typhimurium and enteritidis isolated in campania and calabria region (southern italy) from animal and food of animal origin. the relationship o ... | 2010 | 20401533 |
| predation of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium by the rumen protozoon entodinium caudatum studied in vitro by fluorescence emission. | predation of bacteria by protozoa has important implications on rumen metabolism and bacterial populations. protozoa can also restrict the passage of pathogenic bacteria to the host's lower gastrointestinal tract. this work aimed to evaluate the predation by entodinium caudatum (ec) and the intraprotozoal survival of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. ec cells from a monofaunated sheep were incubated for up to 105 min with a s. enterica strain producing a green fluorescent protein. rumen f ... | 2010 | 20427163 |
| structural investigations into the interaction of hemoglobin and part structures with bacterial endotoxins. | an understanding of details of the interaction mechanisms of bacterial endotoxins (lipopolysaccharide, lps) with the oxygen transport protein hemoglobin is still lacking, despite its high biological relevance. here, a biophysical investigation into the endotoxin:hemoglobin interaction is presented which comprises the use of various rough mutant lps as well as free lipid a; in addition to the complete hemoglobin molecule from fetal sheep extract, also the partial structure alpha-chain and the hem ... | 2008 | 18387918 |
| geographical and temporal dissemination of salmonellae isolated from domestic animal hosts in the culiacan valley, mexico. | the prevalence and diversity of salmonellae from domestic animal hosts were investigated in the culiacan valley, mexico. a total of 240 farm animal feces (cows, chicken, and sheep) were evaluated for salmonella spp. presence from july 2008 to june 2009. salmonella enterica subsp. enterica strains were isolated from 76 samples (31.7%), and 20 serotypes were identified being salmonella oranienburg (25%), salmonella give (14%), salmonella saintpaul (12%), and salmonella minnesota (11%) the most fre ... | 2011 | 21274525 |
| development of a novel in-water vaccination protocol for dna adenine methylase deficient salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium vaccine in adult sheep. | intensive livestock production is associated with an increased incidence of salmonellosis. the risk of infection and the subsequent public health concern is attributed to increased pathogen exposure and disease susceptibility due to multiple stressors experienced by livestock from farm to feedlot. traditional parenteral vaccine methods can further stress susceptible populations and cause carcass damage, adverse reactions, and resultant increased production costs. as a potential means to address ... | 2011 | 22214887 |