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immunological evaluation of the multiple antigen peptide (map) system using the major immunogenic site of foot-and-mouth disease virus.the multiple antigenic peptide (map) system for presenting epitopes to the immune system has been studied with an immunogenic foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) peptide comprising amino acids 141-160 of protein vp1. neutralizing antibody responses known to protect guinea-pigs against challenge infection were obtained with a single inoculation of 0.8-4 micrograms of peptide, presented as an octamer or a tetramer, whereas 20 micrograms of a dimer were required to evoke a similar level of antibody ...19911652552
improvement of hepatitis b vaccine by the use of a new adjuvant.humoral and cellular immune responses of mice and guinea-pigs to hepatitis b virus surface antigen when alum-precipitated or administered with syntex adjuvant formulation (saf) were compared. two doses of hbsag in saf were sufficient to elicit antibody responses, and using saf the dose of antigen could be reduced to one-tenth of that required to elicit antibody responses by alum-adjuvanted hbsag. the use of saf increased and made more consistent the antibody responses in young mice and in strain ...19911872014
use of peptides for immunization against foot-and-mouth disease.a peptide corresponding to the major immunogenic site of the protein vp1 of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) will elicit a protective neutralizing antibody response in guinea-pigs, cattle and pigs. the response is much greater when the peptide is presented as a linear dimer or tetramer and pigs receiving as little as 40 micrograms peptide have been protected against challenge infection. an even greater response is obtained when the peptide is presented as part of the core protein of hepatitis ...19882838987
[characterization of hepatitis b virus surface antigen produced in yeast]. 19873314116
[use of passive hemagglutination for control of the surface antigen of hepatitis b virus and its antibodies]. 19863825098
speculations on the viral etiology of acquired immune deficiency syndrome and kaposi's sarcoma.the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) appeared in the united states in late 1978 and has spread at an epidemic rate through the four major coastal cities of this country. the disease appears to show the same epidemiologic distribution as hepatitis b virus infection, and for this reason, most investigators feel that this new disease is caused by a blood-borne sexually transmitted virus. a number of viral agents have been suggested as the cause of aids, but to date, no virus has been cons ...19846330223
[perspectives of the prevention of hepatitis b]. 19836371729
delta hepatitis agent: structural and antigenic properties of the delta-associated particle.delta agent (delta) was serially passaged to a second and third hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) carrier chimpanzee, using as inoculum the peak delta antigen (delta ag) serum of an animal previously infected with human serum. the characteristics of serially transmitted delta ag were similar to those described in first-passage animals. it was consistently detected before the development of anti-delta, in association with a 35- to 37-nm subpopulation of hbsag particles and a unique low-molecula ...19846698598
the spectrum of antiviral activities of acyclovir in vitro and in vivo.in vitro sensitivity data suggest that acyclovir should be effective against clinical manifestations of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, varicella-zoster virus and possibly epstein-barr virus. the clinical potential against herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 is further supported by results in animal models. human cytomegalovirus and the veterinary herpes viruses, with the possible exception of equine herpes virus type 1, may be insufficiently sensitive to be amenable to treatment.19836313598
immune responses to hepatitis b virus surface and core antigens in mice, monkeys, and pigs after accell particle-mediated dna immunization. 19958546409
species specificity for hbsag binding protein endonexin ii.hepatitis b virus displays a distinct species and tissue tropism. previously we have demonstrated that a human liver plasma membrane protein with a molecular weight of approximately 34 kilodalton specifically binds to hbsag. this protein was identified as endonexin ii, a ca2+ dependent phospholipid binding protein.19968778191
potency tests for hepatitis b virus vaccines in laboratory animals.the production of a vaccine for use in humans using the plasma of persistent hepatitis-b virus antigen carriers is a recent development in preventive medicine. this new approach requires strict regulations as to quality control. one of these aspects is the immunogenicity of the vaccine that can be tested in laboratory animals, in which the anti-hbs formation is considered through average titre determinations or through an ed 50 test for seroconversion. both these determinations performed on mice ...19836228477
kinetics, subtype specificity and immunoglobulin class of anti-hbs induced by hepatitis b vaccine.the protective effect of anti-hbs against hepatitis b virus is proven only for the common antibody anti-hbs/a but not for subtype specific antibody. using subtype specific radioimmunoassays, anti-hbs/a and anti-hbs/d were quantitated in recipients of an hbsag/ad vaccine. all persons developed anti-hbs/a. the relative proportion of anti-hbs/d was variable and very high at the beginning of the immune response. at this time the anti-hbs was predominantly in the igm class. igm-anti-hbs disappeared r ...19836228457
[enhancement of the activity of hepatitis b virus vaccine by association with murabutide].murabutide (n-acetyl-muramyl-l-alanyl-d-glutamine-alpha-butylester), an mdp analogue, is a potential adjuvant for human immunization. high levels of specific antibodies were obtained in mouse and guinea-pig following administration with murabutide of low dosages of anti-hepatitis b viral vaccine containing the surface antigen (hbs). the effect of murabutide was enhanced without increasing the level of specific ige by association with suboptimal dosages of aluminium hydroxide.19826218866
[bacterial synthesis of immunogenic epitopes of foot-and-mouth disease virus fused either to human necrosis factor or to hepatitis b core antigen].using recombinant dna technology, construction and bacterial expression of genes was carried out which code for hybrid proteins, human tumor necrosis factor and hepatitis b core protein fused to immunogenic epitopes of foot-and-mouth disease virus, strains a22 and o1-194. hybrids of tumor necrosis factor with foot-and-mouth disease antigenic determinants protected laboratory animals against the experimental challenge with a homologous strain of foot-and-mouth disease virus. hybrid protein that c ...19979157845
manipulation of immune responses via particle-mediated polynucleotide vaccines.polynucleotide vaccines are a new approach to immunization that promises qualitative advances in vaccine technology. these vaccines mimic infection in that they result in expression of pathogen gene products in situ, which can elicit both cell-mediated immune responses and humoral responses. this approach has been applied primarily to vaccines against viral diseases, but may be significant for vaccines directed toward bacterial pathogens. auragen has developed a generally applicable gene transfe ...19979382772
interactions between polymerized human albumin, hepatitis b surface antigen, and complement: i. binding of polyalbumin to clq.there is considerable evidence that substances other than immunoglobulins can bind human clq. utilizing purified human clq immobilized on polystyrene beads, we have demonstrated that polymerized human albumin (phalb-125i) binds to human clq in a direct binding assay. this interaction required a high degree of albumin polymerization as the percentage of binding was proportional to the polymer size and monomeric albumin was unreactive. binding was species specific in the human clq bound only human ...19816169799
development of new cloning vectors for the production of immunogenic outer membrane fusion proteins in escherichia coli.the pseudomonas aeruginosa lipoprotein gene (opri) was modified by cloning an in-frame polylinker in both orientations at the end of opri. the resulting plasmids pvub1 and pvub2 allow high lipoprotein production in e. coli after iptg induction. the modified lipoproteins are present in the outer membrane and surface-exposed. outer membrane-bound fusion proteins of different sizes were produced and used to generate antibodies without use of adjuvant. an 87 bp dna fragment from the vp72 capsid prot ...19969636324
[viral etiologies of aids: facts and hypotheses].all the epidemiological features suggest that the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) is caused by a single transmissible agent and surely a virus. first, cytomegalovirus, epstein-barr virus and hepatitis b virus have been proposed as possible etiological agents of aids. a direct link between ubiquitous viruses and the occurrence of the disease has been discarded. at present time, etiological researches provide evidence that retroviruses are the best candidates for the etiology of aids. th ...19846095408
new hepatitis b vaccines. 19853918647
immunochemical structure of the hepatitis b surface antigen vaccine--ii. analysis of antibody responses in human sera against the envelope proteins.antibody responses to the three envelope (env) proteins of hepatitis b viral particles (hb-vp): the s-encoded p25 polypeptide; the pre-s(2)- and s-encoded gp33/gp36 polypeptide; and the large entire env gene (pre-s + s) product, p39/gp42, were investigated using a western immunoblotting assay (wiba). hb-vp proteins separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) and transferred to nitrocellulose by electroblotting were used as antigenic probes to determine the p ...19863748012
enhancement of humoral immune responses against viral vaccines by a non-pyrogenic 6-o-acylmuramyldipeptide and synthetic low toxicity analogues of lipid a.6-o-acyl derivatives of n-acetylmuramyl-l-alanyl-d-isoglutamine (mdp) and synthetic, low toxicity lipid-a analogues were examined for their ability to enhance the potency of current viral vaccines. 6-o-(2-tetradecylhexadecanoyl)-mdp (b30-mdp) in non-irritative vehicles such as physiological saline, phosphate-buffered saline (pbs), squalene-pbs emulsion, intralipid or liposomes, significantly stimulated the primary and secondary antibody production of guinea-pigs against influenza split or subuni ...19892718605
[obtaining of transgenic pigs containing and expressing the surface antigen of the human hepatitis b virus]. 19892666072
antiviral effects of phosphonoformate (pfa, foscarnet sodium).this article describes the antiviral properties of foscarnet (trisodium phosphonoformate) at the enzyme level as well as in cell cultures and in vivo. the mechanism of action against herpesvirus dna polymerases and reverse transcriptases is outlined. clinical studies using topical foscarnet against mucocutaneous herpes simplex virus infections are presented. the clinical use of intravenous foscarnet against severe viral infections caused by cytomegalovirus, hepatitis b virus and human immunodefi ...19892543994
genetically engineered diphtheria toxin fusion proteins carrying the hepatitis b surface antigen.tripartite fusion proteins comprising the nontoxic mutant protein crm228 of diphtheria toxin (dt), the hepatitis b virus surface antigen (hbsag), and beta-galactosidase were obtained by expression of hybrid genes from the pr promoter of bacteriophage lambda and purification by affinity chromatography. the antigenicity and immunogenicity of the individual protein constituents were analyzed. a major neutralizing epitope of dt was inactivated by the hbsag insertion into the dt b fragment. the fusio ...19872444498
presentation of two epitopes of the pres2 region of hepatitis b virus on live recombinant bacteria.having developed a genetic procedure to expose a foreign epitope at the surface of escherichia coli by using the outer membrane lamb protein as a carrier, we apply this procedure to express two distinct portions of the pres2 region of hepatitis b virus: region a, residues 132-145, and region b, residues 153-171. the resulting hybrid proteins (lamb-pres2 a and lamb-pres2 b) were normally expressed, stable, and still kept most biologic functions of lamb. the corresponding bacterial strains were us ...19872442253
[primary serologic investigation of hbv-like virus existence in domestic animals and fowls].using the reagent kits for detecting human hbv, primary serologic investigation was made in 6 kinds of domestic animals and fowls (total 673) by elisa, spot hybridization and immuno-electronmicroscopy. the results showed that some sera samples of pigs, rabbits, chicken and geese were hbsag, hbeag positive and positive for spot hybridization by using 3(2)p-hbv-dna probe, which suggested that hbv-like viruses might exist in those domestic animals and fowls. hbv-like virus particles were seen in on ...19902391101
amino acids 1-20 of the hepatitis c virus (hcv) core protein specifically inhibit hcv ires-dependent translation in hepg2 cells, and inhibit both hcv ires- and cap-dependent translation in huh7 and cv-1 cells.a self-modulating mechanism by the hepatitis c virus (hcv) core protein has been suggested to influence the level of hcv replication, but current data on this subject are contradictory. we examined the effect of wild-type and mutated core protein on hcv ires- and cap-dependent translation. the wild-type core protein was shown to inhibit both ires- and cap-dependent translation in an in vitro system. this effect was duplicated in a dose-dependent manner with a synthetic peptide representing amino ...200312655082
[study of the antigenic structure of hepatitis b virus proteins. i. synthesis of pre-s fragments of hepatitis b virus proteins and their immunogenicity].fragments of hepatitis b virus envelope proteins corresponding to the parts of the pre-s domain were synthesised and immobilized on the carriers with low own immunogenicity. the highest stimulation of the antibody production was observed for the antigens immobilized on microspherical carriers or gelatin modified by h-gly-tyr-oh. among peptides used for immunization, pre-s fragment 134-144, conjugated with microspherical carrier, proved to be the most active.19902344383
presentation and immunogenicity of viral epitopes on the surface of hybrid hepatitis b virus core particles produced in bacteria.we recently reported the enhanced immunogenicity of a peptide epitope when it was presented as a fusion protein with hepatitis b core antigen. in those experiments the fusion protein was expressed in vaccinia virus. we have now refined the system so that large amounts of highly immunogenic particles can be produced using a simple bacterial expression system. we describe the expression of three different viral epitopes as chimeric particles that induce good antibody responses to each epitope afte ...19901693163
development of immunogenic recombinant oka varicella vaccine expressing hepatitis b virus surface antigen.recombinant oka varicella vaccine expressing hepatitis b virus (hbv) surface antigen (hbs) was constructed by inserting the hbs gene into the viral thymidine kinase (tk) gene and was examined for its immunogenicity in guinea-pigs. the hbs gene encoding 25 amino acids of pres2 and the whole of the s region was inserted into the tk gene of the cloned plasmid. the chimeric plasmid dna and oka varicella vaccine dna were cotransfected and recombinant virus was isolated after immunofluorescence screen ...19911646279
aflatoxins in animal and human health.aflatoxins remain as a threat to the health of livestock as well as humans by their continuing intermittent occurrence in both feeds and foods. the finding that aflatoxin-contaminated feeds, and eventually purified aflatoxins, were carcinogenic in rats and trout initiated a multitude of studies in search of the role of these toxins in human liver disease, especially cancer. although aflatoxins have caused acute liver disease in humans, epidemiologic evidence of the involvement of aflatoxins in p ...19921631352
[laboratory problems of chemotherapy of viral infections in humans].the following problems are presented and discussed: scientific and epidemiologic basis of chemotherapy, relations of antiviral activity in vitro and in vivo especially important when new-drugs are developed and evaluated, inhibitors used in medical treatment and mechanisms of their antiviral functions, genesis and nature of virus resistance, possible role of interfering defective particles. the paper is addressed both to laboratories involved in new drugs construction as well to clinical ones pe ...19921470577
relationship between superoxide dismutase (sod) and viral liver diseases.immunohistochemical evaluation of cu, zn- and mn-superoxide dismutase (sod) activity in various viral liver diseases was performed by the peroxidase-conjugated antibody indirect method. anti-human cu, zn-sod (rabbit) and anti-human mn-sod (guinea-pig) derived and purified from sod of human erythrocytes and placentas were used to determine sod distribution in liver tissues. sod in the liver tissues was detected in 68 inpatients of our unit. they consisted of 23 cases with chronic hepatitis caused ...19921320579
the large surface protein of duck hepatitis b virus is phosphorylated in the pre-s domain.the two major envelope proteins (large [l] and small [s]) of duck hepatitis b virus are encoded by the pre-s/s open reading frame. the l protein is initiated from the aug at position 801 in the pre-s region of the pre-s/s coding sequence, yielding an n-terminal consensus sequence for myristylation. western immunoblots of the l protein often reveal a doublet at 36 and 35 kda, with the latter attributed to the use of one of the three internal initiation codons. however, metabolic labelling with [3 ...19947933117
electroporation-enhanced nonviral gene transfer for the prevention or treatment of immunological, endocrine and neoplastic diseases.nonviral gene transfer is markedly enhanced by the application of in vivo electroporation (also denoted electro-gene transfer or electrokinetic enhancement). this approach is safe and can be used to deliver nucleic acid fragments, oligonucleotides, sirna, and plasmids to a wide variety of tissues, such as skeletal muscle, skin and liver. in this review, we address the principles of electroporation and demonstrate its effectiveness in disease models. electroporation has been shown to be equally a ...200616611045
influence of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus gp5 glycoprotein n-linked glycans on immune responses in mice.porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) is one of the most economically significant viral diseases in the swine industry. infection with prrsv following vaccination is common, since protection is incomplete. persistent infection may be one of the biggest obstacles to control of the disease. "glycan shielding" was postulated to be a primary mechanism to explain evasion from neutralizing immune response, ensuring in vivo persistence of virus, such as hiv, siv, and hbv. the obje ...200717671839
pre-clinical evaluation of a novel nanoemulsion-based hepatitis b mucosal vaccine.hepatitis b virus infection remains an important global health concern despite the availability of safe and effective prophylactic vaccines. limitations to these vaccines include requirement for refrigeration and three immunizations thereby restricting use in the developing world. a new nasal hepatitis b vaccine composed of recombinant hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) in a novel nanoemulsion (ne) adjuvant (hbsag-ne) could be effective with fewer administrations.200818698426
inhibition of a large double-stranded dna virus by mxa protein.increasing evidence points to the importance of the interferon (ifn) response in determining the host range and virulence of african swine fever virus (asfv). infection with attenuated strains of asfv leads to the upregulation of genes controlled by ifn pathways, including myxovirus resistance (mx) genes that are potent effectors of the antiviral state. mx gene products are known to inhibit the replication of many negative-sense single-stranded rna viruses, as well as double-stranded rna viruses ...200919109387
large-scale production of hepatitis b vaccine. 19817232759
[reverse passive hemagglutination reaction for detecting hepatitis b virus surface antigens]. 19827121320
[vaccine against hepatitis b]. 19836627339
proteomic analysis of primary duck hepatocytes infected with duck hepatitis b virus.abstract:201020529248
a differential elisa based on recombinant immunodominant epitopes of the ge gene of shv-1 in a baculovirus-insect cell system to discriminate between pigs infected naturally with pseudorabies and vaccinated pigs.in the present study, the fragment corresponding to the immunodominant epitopes of the ge gene (gepi) from the cl15 argentinean strain of pseudorabies virus was expressed successfully in a baculovirus-insect cell system that contained the m6 gene of bluetongue virus, which encodes the ns1 nonstructural protein. this protein has the ability to polymerize into highly immunogenic tubules inside infected cells that can be purified at large quantities by ultracentrifugation. previously, the ns1 prote ...201021168443
immunochemical structure of the hepatitis b surface antigen vaccine--i. treatment of immobilized hbsag by dissociation agents with or without enzymatic digestion and identification of polypeptides by protein blotting.since the immunosorbent techniques and the cycles of isopycnic and rate zonal velocity ultracentrifugations were shown to be unsuitable for the purification of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) particles from human sera because hbsag was still largely contaminated by serum proteins, we applied a drastic dissociating treatment of hbsag stabilized by adsorption on silica gel which appeared essential to remove extraneous components initially present in the hbsag particles. only albumin and someti ...19846423972
[Epidemiology of viral hepatitis in Mexico].The main etiology of liver disease in Mexico is alcohol and viral hepatitis. The aim of the present study was to analyze the current epidemiology of viral hepatitis in Mexico. From 2000 to 2007 the Ministry of Health reported 192 588 cases of hepatitis, 79% HAV, 3.3% HBV, 6% HCV, and 12% without a specific etiologic factor. Due to high endemic areas for HBV infection in native Mexican population, limitations in the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the serological immunoassays used to da ...201121877071
immunological responsiveness of pekin ducks to core antigen of duck hepatitis b virus.cellular immune responses to the hbc or hbe antigen of hepatitis b viruses contribute to the pathogenesis of hepatitis b and to the elimination of the virus. insufficient cytotoxic immune reactions against the core antigen may be one major reason for viral persistence in the absence of severe clinical symptoms. we attempted to stop viral persistence in the animal model of congenitally infected ducks by injection of recombinant dhbc particles, together with the strong immunostimulator freund's ad ...19958880381
vaccine against human hepatitis b. 1976. 19968946889
[the prospects for using the genetically engineered surface antigen of the hepatitis b virus (hbsag) expressed by recombinant poxvirus strains as the basis for vaccines against hepatitis b].the use of a recombinant poxvirus (rpv) strain, expressing hbsag in the process of reproduction in different bioreactor systems under stationary and bioreactor conditions of cultivation, made it possible to obtain highly purified hbsag. the identity and purity of hbsag was confirmed by the analysis of its amino acid composition, sds electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel, electron microscopy and high-performance liquid chromatography. good prospects of the use of rpv-expressed gene engineering hb ...19969082729
phosphorylation of the core protein of hepatitis b virus by a 46-kilodalton serine kinase.core protein is the major component of the core particle (nucleocapsid) of human hepatitis b virus. core particles and core proteins are involved in a number of important functions in the replication cycle of the virus, including rna packaging, dna synthesis, and recognition of viral envelope proteins. core protein is a phosphoprotein with most, if not all, of the phosphorylation on c-terminal serine residues. in this study, we identified a serine kinase activity from the ribosome-associated pro ...19989557662
kemri hep-cell ii hepatitis b surface antigen screening kit.kenya is a high hepatitis b virus (hbv) endemic zone. prevention of hbv transmission by transfusing safe blood is necessary. kits for screening hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) are usually imported and are expensive. hence it has been difficult to screen donated and patient blood samples all over kenya.199910685326
safety testing of needle free, jet injection devices to detect contamination with blood and other tissue fluids.needle free jet injection guns have been used extensively in both veterinary and human health to deliver both vaccine and drugs, but in recent years, concerns have mounted for their potential to transmit blood borne disease agents among consecutive vaccinates. a ped-o-jet type jet injection device was used to deliver serial subcutaneous injections of 0.5 ml saline (as a surrogate for vaccine) into calves and pigs, with intervening ejectates collected in vials to represent what the next vaccinate ...200011193700
molecular characteristic-based epidemiology of hepatitis b, c, and e viruses and gb virus c/hepatitis g virus in myanmar.we carried out a molecular characteristic-based epidemiological survey of various hepatitis viruses, including hepatitis b virus (hbv), hepatitis c virus (hcv), hepatitis e virus (hev), and gb virus c (gbv-c)/hepatitis g virus (hgv), in myanmar. the study population of 403 subjects consisted of 213 healthy individuals residing in the city of yangon, myanmar, and the surrounding suburbs and 190 liver disease patients (155 virus-related liver disease patients and 35 nonviral disease patients). the ...200111283083
tolerability and immune responses in humans to a powderject dna vaccine for hepatitis b.we are developing a dna vaccine toward hepatitis-b virus (hbv) using powderject's proprietary needle-free technology to deliver dna-coated gold particles directly into cells of the skin. preclinical studies in animals showed that (i) microgram doses of the dna vaccine were sufficient to immunize pigs and non-human primates to antibody levels comparable to those obtained with a commercial recombinant subunit vaccine; (ii) the dna vaccine was effective in mouse strains that respond poorly to prote ...200011713809
early experiences with a porcine hepatocyte-based bioartificial liver in acute hepatic failure patients.orthotopic liver transplantation (olt) is the only effective therapeutic modality in severe acute hepatic failure (ahf). the scarcity of organs for transplantation leads to an urgent necessity for temporary liver support treatments in ahf patients. a hepatocyte-based bioartificial liver (bal) is under investigation with the main purpose to serve as bridging treatment until a liver becomes available for olt, or to promote spontaneous liver regeneration. we developed a novel radial-flow bioreactor ...200211999191
vaccination of pigs with a dna construct expressing an influenza virus m2-nucleoprotein fusion protein exacerbates disease after challenge with influenza a virus.in mice, vaccines inducing antibodies to the extracellular domain of the m2 protein (m2e) can confer protection to influenza a virus infection. unlike the surface glycoproteins, haemagglutinin and neuraminidase, this domain of m2 is highly conserved and is therefore a potential broad-spectrum immunogen. in this study, the protection conferred by vaccines inducing antibodies to m2e was evaluated in a challenge model for swine influenza in pigs. a protein resulting from the fusion between m2e and ...200212124449
virolytic action of lipoprotein lipase on hepatitis c virus in human sera.in most sera of hepatitis c virus (hcv)-infected patients beta-lipoproteins are bound to hcv rna-carrying material, most often simultaneously with immunoglobulins (igg, igm) and sometimes additionally with high-density lipoproteins, forming complexes of low density (1.04-1.06 g/ml). to separate hcv particles from bound material, we tried to destroy the lipoprotein enzymatically by incubating hcv-positive human sera with lipoprotein lipase derived from pseudomonas spp. (lpl-ps). after this treatm ...200212137195
hepatitis viruses: a pandora's box?the term hepatitis virus is reserved for those viruses that are predominantly hepatotropic, although several new agents have been assigned to this category in the absence of hepatotropism and clinical disease. the hepatitis viruses can be broadly divided into those transmitted via the fecal-oral route, and those by blood, blood products and body fluids. hepatitis a (picornaviridae), hepatitis b (hepadnaviridae) and hepatitis c (flaviviridae) represent the major public health problems. the epidem ...200212534779
induction of humoral and cell-mediated immunity to hepatitis b surface antigen by a novel adjuvant activity of oka varicella vaccine.oka varicella vaccine induces humoral and cell-mediated immunity to varicella-zoster virus (vzv), even in immunocompromised hosts. this vaccine showed novel adjuvant activity against co-inoculated hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag). either a mixed inoculation of hbsag with heat-inactivated oka varicella vaccine at one site or a separate inoculation of hbsag and live vaccine at different sites induced an antibody response but failed to induce delayed type hypersensitivity (dth) to hbsag. in cont ...200312560559
a novel combination of promoter and enhancers increases transgene expression in vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro and coronary arteries in vivo after adenovirus-mediated gene transfer.recombinant adenoviruses are employed widely for vascular gene transfer. vascular smooth muscle cells (smcs) are a relatively poor target for transgene expression after adenovirus-mediated gene delivery, however, even when expression is regulated by powerful, constitutive viral promoters. the major immediate-early murine cytomegalovirus enhancer/promoter (miemcmv) elicits substantially greater transgene expression than the human cytomegalovirus promoter (miehcmv) in all cell types in which they ...200312907954
extraction of protoporphyrin disodium and its inhibitory effects on hbv-dna.to explore an ideal method for extracting protoporphyrin disodium (ppn) from unanticoagulated animal blood, and to study the inhibitory effects of ppn on hbv-dna duplication and its cytotoxicity to 2.2.15 cell strain.200414760773
[occupational bio hazards: current issues].over the last decade, there was noted a large advancement of knowledge on living organisms and their products posing a potential occupational risk. novel risk factors, often new to science, were identified, the role and significance of already known factors better comprehended, and occupational groups endangered by biological hazards more thoroughly recognized. novel viruses and prions, emerging in different parts of the world, may pose a particular threat to health and life of health care worke ...200415156765
serological markers of hepatitis b, c, and e viruses and human immunodeficiency virus type-1 infections in pregnant women in bali, indonesia.except for hepatitis b virus (hbv), there have been few data on serological markers of hepatitis viruses such as hepatitis c virus (hcv) and e virus (hev), and human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (hiv) in bali, indonesia. during 5 months from april to august 2003, sera were collected from 2,450 pregnant women at eight jurisdictions in bali, and they were tested for markers of these viruses. only one (0.04%) was positive for antibody to hcv, but none for antibody to hiv. hepatitis b surface antig ...200515714491
national mortality rates from chronic liver disease and consumption of alcohol and pig meat.a correlation between national pig-meat consumption and mortality rates from chronic liver disease (cld) across developed countries was reported in 1985. one possible mechanism explaining this may be hepatitis e infection spread via pig meat. we aimed to re-examine the original association in more recent international data. regression models were used to estimate associations between national pig-meat consumption and cld mortality, adjusting for confounders. data on cld mortality, alcohol consum ...201019563698
subcellular proteome analysis unraveled annexin a2 related to immune liver fibrosis.it is important to study the mechanism of liver fibrogenesis, and find new non-invasive biomarkers. in this study, we used subcellular proteomic technology to study the plasma membrane (pm) proteins related to immune liver fibrosis and search for new non-invasive biomarkers. a rat liver fibrosis model was induced by pig serum injection. the liver fibrogenesis from stage (s) s0-1, s2, s3-4, and s4 was detected by masson staining and he staining in this rat model after 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks of trea ...201020225235
prevalence of a virus similar to human hepatitis b virus in swine.the objective of this study is to established evidence of the existence of a novel member of the hepadnavirus family endemic in swine. temporarily this virus was designated as swine hepatitis b virus (shbv). this shbv can be detected by using human hepatitis b virus diagnostic kits including elisa, immunohistochemical staining, and transmission electron microscopy (tem). also seroprevalence of pig farms in beijing, china, and pathological features of shbv infection was determined.201020233455
serine 204 phosphorylation and o-β-glcnac interplay of igfbp-6 as therapeutic indicator to regulate igf-ii functions in viral mediated hepatocellular carcinoma.abstract: hepatocellular carcinoma is mainly associated with viral hepatitis b and c. activation of cell growth stimulator igf-ii gene is observed in tumor formation especially in viral associated hepatocellular carcinoma. elevated igf-ii levels are indicator of increased risk for cholangiocellular and hepatocellular carcinomas through over saturation of igf-ii binding capacities with igf receptors leading to cellular dedifferentiation. in hcv, core protein is believed to trans-activate host igf ...201121548981
display of the antigenic region of nipah virus nucleocapsid protein on hepatitis b virus capsid.the c-terminal domain of nipah virus (niv) nucleocapsid protein (np(401-532)) was inserted at the n-terminus and the immunodominant loop of hepatitis b core antigen (hbc). the stability of np(401-532) increased tremendously when displayed on the hbc particles. these particles reacted specifically with the swine anti-niv and the human anti-hbc antisera.201122024533
dna vaccine against taenia solium cysticercosis expressed as a modified hepatitis b virus core particle containing three epitopes shared by taenia crassiceps and taenia solium.many studies have provided evidence that the hepatitis b core antigen particle is useful as a vaccine carrier for foreign epitopes. epitopes ketc1, ketc12, and gk-1 are three promising candidates for designing a vaccine against taenia solium cysticercosis. in the present study, epitopes ketc1 and ketc12 were inserted into the immunodominant loop of the truncated hbc149, and epitope gk-1 was fused to its c-terminus. the fused protein deltac-3n was expressed and purified successfully. the polymeri ...200516193978
anti-hbv nucleotide prodrug analogs: synthesis, bioreversibility, and cytotoxicity studies.several pronucleotide analogs of the model anti-hbv dinucleotide 3'-da-u(2'ome) have been synthesized and evaluated for stability, bioreversibility and cytotoxicity. these studies have helped identify potential candidates for further evaluation.200616387496
preparation and determination of immunological activities of anti-hbv egg yolk extraction.to prepare an effective immune preparation to treat hepatitis b, hens were immunized with hepatitis b vaccines, and then anti-hbv egg yolk extraction (anti-hbv eye) was refined from egg yolk by a dialyzable method. its chemical characteristics were identified by ultraviolet spectrum, hplc, lowry analysis and pharmacopocia-raleted methods. the specific immunological activity was examined by leukocyte adherence inhibition (lai) in vitro and delayed type hypersensitivity (dth) in vivo. anti-hbv eye ...200616549053
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