| a field study of the safety and efficacy of two candidate rotavirus vaccines in a native american population. | a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a rhesus rotavirus vaccine and rit 4237, a bovine rotavirus vaccine, in a navajo population. infants aged 2-5 months were randomized to receive one dose of either 10(4) pfu of the rhesus rotavirus vaccine or 10(8) pfu of the rit 4237 vaccine or placebo. eleven (10.2%) of 108 infants in the rhesus vaccine group, 11 (10.4%) of 106 in the rit 4237 group, and 9 (8.4%) of 107 in the placebo group ... | 1991 | 1995721 |
| cdna probes for the diagnosis of bovine torovirus (breda virus) infection. | a genomic cdna library of rna from breda virus (brv), a bovine torovirus, was prepared. the nucleotide sequence of the 3' end of the genome was found to be highly conserved (93% identical) between brv and berne virus, the torovirus prototype. cross-hybridization experiments were performed to select berne virus cdna clones for use as probes in a dot hybridization assay; the objective was to detect heterologous torovirus rna in fecal material. a rapid rna extraction method was employed to make the ... | 1991 | 2037666 |
| persistent excretion of rotavirus by pregnant cows. | in a study of the epizootiology and prevalence of enteropathogens which may be involved in neonatal calf diarrhoea, 10 in-calf cows from a herd with a history of rotavirus-induced calf diarrhoea were monitored over a period of six to seven months. all the cows excreted rotavirus intermittently without showing any clinical signs, and 21.8 per cent of faecal samples contained rotavirus. reoviruses were isolated from 87 per cent of the samples from the cows, and from all the 10 calves born to them. ... | 1990 | 2164274 |
| sequence of the gene encoding the major neutralization antigen (vp7) of serotype 10 rotavirus. | the sequence of the gene encoding the major neutralization antigen (vp7) of the type member (bovine virus strain b223) of the proposed serotype 10 of rotavirus has been determined. this was done using a rapid new strategy involving direct sequencing by primer extension of cdna generated from the relevant virus gene (gene 8) using a combined reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction. the sequence obtained is 1062 bp in length and contains a single long open reading frame capable of encoding ... | 1991 | 1703560 |
| vp4 relationships between porcine and other rotavirus serotypes. | vp4 relationship of australian porcine rotaviruses were identified using genetic reassortants and mabs. all porcine virus isolates except ben-144 appeared to share vp4 antigenicity with osu virus. vp4 and ben-144 virus (gottfried-like virus) showed some antigenic relationships with the human neonatal viruses st-3 and rv-3. in addition, vp4 of porcine crw-8 showed antigenic relationships with simian sa-11. rrv and also canine k9 viruses, while that of porcine tfr-41 showed at least one way vp4 an ... | 1991 | 1705788 |
| detection of animal and human group b rotaviruses in fecal specimens by polymerase chain reaction. | a combined reverse transcriptase reaction-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) was developed to achieve the sensitive detection of group b rotaviruses (gbr). sequences derived from genomic segment 3 of the idir (intestinal disease of infant rats) strain of gbr permitted the detection of greater than or equal to 0.08 pg of purified idir genomic rna (4,000 genome copies). primers complementary to the terminal sequences of gene 11 of gbr strain adrv (adult diarrhea rotavirus) allowed for the detectio ... | 1991 | 1709948 |
| characterization of bovine rotavirus vp6 and vp7 as glycoproteins using monoclonal antibodies. | bovine rotavirus proteins were analysed by a panel of monoclonal antibodies. glycosylated epitopes were identified on both inner and outer capsid proteins (vp6 and vp7 respectively). vp7 possessed a periodate insensitive epitope which was, however, sensitive to endoglycosidase h, mixed glycosidases and to protease treatment. this epitope was not detected on viruses grown in the presence of 2-deoxy-d-glucose or tunicamycin. an epitope was detected on vp6 which was sensitive to periodate oxidation ... | 1991 | 1711988 |
| homotypic and heterotypic serum and milk antibody to rotavirus in normal, infected and vaccinated horses. | the homotypic and heterotypic antibody response to rotavirus was determined in three pony mares and their foals. the normal concentrations of anti-rotavirus antibodies in mares' milk and mares' and foals' serum over the first 10 weeks post-partum were measured using iga, igg and rotavirus serotype-specific enzyme linked immunosorbent assays. experimental infection of the foals with serotype 3 equine rotavirus produced a rapid, serotype-specific response which peaked 10 days after infection and a ... | 1991 | 1715620 |
| preparation and characterization of a neutralizing monoclonal antibody directed to vp4 of rotavirus strain k8 which has unique vp4 neutralization epitopes. | for selecting the neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (n-mabs) directed to vp4 of rotavirus strain k8, which has unique vp4 neutralization epitopes, we prepared several reassortant viruses by mixed infection of two different strains k8 (serotype 1) and p (serotype 3) in vitro: three reassortant clones having vp4 of k8 and vp7 of p and four clones having vp4 of p and vp7 of k8. by using these reassortants in screening hybridomas, a n-mab (k8-2c12) directed to strain k8-specific vp4 was obtained. t ... | 1991 | 1722090 |
| ns35 and not vp7 is the soluble rotavirus protein which binds to target cells. | recent studies using radiolabeled rotavirus lysates have demonstrated a 35-kilodalton viral protein that binds specifically to the surface of ma104 cells (n. fukuhara, o. yoshie, s. kitakoa, and t. konno, j. virol. 62:2209-2218, 1988; m. sabara, j. gilchrist, g.r. hudson, and l.a. babiuk, j. virol. 53:58-66, 1985). the binding protein was identified as vp7, an outer capsid glycoprotein and the product of rotavirus gene 9. these studies concluded that vp7 mediated viral attachment to ma104 cells ... | 1990 | 2152820 |
| mass screening of cattle sera against 14 infectious disease agents, using an elisa system for monitoring health in livestock. | mass screening elisa methods were developed for testing cattle serum for antibodies against 14 common livestock diseases simultaneously. the absorbance values were transformed to a %elisa (spectrophotometric antibody end point) by a computer interfaced with a microplate reader. a histogram indicating a cutoff point and a report for the veterinarian also was generated. the computer program produced a print-out of the antibody profile for each animal tested, the antibody concentration against each ... | 1991 | 1767993 |
| serological and genetic characterization of bovine rotaviruses in thailand by elisa and rna-rna hybridization: detection of numerous non-serotype 6 strains. | a total of 62 fecal specimens positive for rotavirus were collected from diarrheic cows in thailand in 1988 and 1989. the antigenic properties of rotaviruses in stool were examined by enzyme-liked immunosorbent assays using specific monoclonal antibodies directed at vp4, vp6 or vp7: all the bovine rotavirus strains were determined as subgroup i; none of the strains were reactive with serotype 6-specific monoclonal antibody; and different reactivities of the bovine strains with two anti-vp4 monoc ... | 1990 | 2098924 |
| comparative growth of different rotavirus strains in differentiated cells (ma104, hepg2, and caco-2). | the production of viral antigen after infection of ma104, hepg2 (derived from human liver), and caco-2 (derived from human colon) cells with various cultivatable human and animal rotavirus strains was compared using immunofluorescence tests. all rotavirus strains examined expressed antigen in caco-2 cells and ma104 cells, but only some virus strains, namely, sa11-cl3 (simian), rrv (simian), cu-1 (canine), and ty1 (turkey), produced antigen in numbers of infected hepg2 cells comparable to infecti ... | 1991 | 1653495 |
| rotavirus particles function as immunological carriers for the delivery of peptides from infectious agents and endogenous proteins. | a major problem in the development of useful animal subunit vaccines has been the generation of immune responses to weakly immunogenic molecules. for this purpose a new and effective delivery system has been devised. this system is based upon the inner capsid of bovine rotavirus. under the appropriate conditions, the inner capsid protein, designated bp6, can be made to self-assemble in vitro and form spherical particles. these particles possess an inherent capacity to target to cells of the immu ... | 1991 | 1850113 |
| sa11 rotavirus is specifically inhibited by an acetylated sialic acid. | bovine salivary mucin (bsm) inhibits rotavirus replication in vitro and in vivo. the inhibitory effect of bsm in vitro is abolished by arthrobacter ureafaciens neuraminidase but not by clostridia perfringens neuraminidase; it is abolished by mild base deacetylation but not by influenza c acetylesterase. the data suggest that sa11 rotavirus binds to a specific sialic acid structure on bsm different from the sialic acids recognized by other viruses. | 1990 | 2153181 |
| inhibition of the uncoating of bovine enterovirus by short chain fatty acids. | short chain fatty acids inhibit the replication of bovine enterovirus but are almost ineffective against poliovirus type 1, coxsackievirus b5, encephalomyocarditis virus and human rhinovirus 1b. lauric acid binds to bovine enterovirus, thereby stabilizing the virus particle to heat degradation. fatty acid-bound virions attach to susceptible cells but fail to undergo cell-mediated uncoating. the inhibitory effect is reversible with chloroform and may result from a hydrophobic interaction between ... | 1990 | 2172446 |
| conservation of a potential metal binding motif despite extensive sequence diversity in the rotavirus nonstructural protein ns53. | the nucleotide sequence for the simian rotavirus sa11 gene segment 5 has been determined. the gene is 1611 nucleotides in length and contains a single open reading frame of 1485 nucleotides. the segment codes for the nonstructural protein ns53 which is predicted to be a polypeptide of 495 amino acids with a molecular weight of 58,484. when compared to the sequence of bovine rf gene segment 5 there are homologies of only 49 and 36% at the nucleotide and amino acid levels, respectively. this is in ... | 1990 | 2154894 |
| presence of three p types (vp4 serotypes) and two g types (vp7 serotypes) among bovine rotavirus strains. | cross neutralization tests with a panel of rotavirus strains representing previously described nine vp7 (g) serotypes revealed that bovine rotavirus strain kk-3, a prototype japanese bovine serotype 2, belonged to a new serotype (g10), confirming and extending the recent report of snodgrass et al. [j. clin. microbiol. 28: 504-507 (1990)] which showed that hyperimmune serum to the kk-3 strain neutralized the b223 strain, a proposed type strain of g10. further antigenic characteristics of the kk-3 ... | 1990 | 2175589 |
| the application of polymerase chain reaction to the detection of rotaviruses in faeces. | an assay protocol based on exploiting the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for the detection of rotavirus in infected faeces is described. the assay is 100,000 times more sensitive than the standard electropherotype method that is widely used. it also gives a 5000-fold increase in sensitivity over the hybridisation based assay previously developed (pedley and mccrae, 1984) and does not require the use of radioisotopes. the amplified product is a full length c-dna copy of the gene encoding the maj ... | 1990 | 2155248 |
| molecular characterization by rna-rna hybridization of a serotype 8 human rotavirus with "super-short" rna electropherotype. | a human rotavirus isolate (the 69m strain) with a "super-short" rna electropherotype has been classified as serotype 8, a new human serotype [matsuno et al., 1985]rna-rna hybridization using 32p-labeled transcription probes was used to assess the genetic relatedness of the 69m strain to a panel of human and animal rotaviruses. the 69m strain showed a medium level of homology with subgroup 1, serotype 2 human rotaviruses with short rna electropherotypes. however, the 69m strain was not significan ... | 1990 | 2156004 |
| some infectious causes of diarrhea in young farm animals. | escherichia coli, rotaviruses, and cryptosporidium parvum are discussed in this review as they relate to enteric disease in calves, lambs, and pigs. these microorganisms are frequently incriminated as causative agents in diarrheas among neonatal food animals, and in some cases different strains or serotypes of the same organism cause diarrhea in humans. e. coli causes diarrhea by mechanisms that include production of heat-labile or heat-stable enterotoxins and synthesis of potent cytotoxins, and ... | 1990 | 2224836 |
| rotavirus induces proliferative response and augments non-specific cytotoxic activity of lymphocytes in humans. | in vitro cell-mediated immune responses to rotavirus in humans were studied. peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) of healthy adults proliferated in response to stimulation with the infectious and u.v.-inactivated wa strain of human rotavirus, showing a maximum response on day 7 of culture; however, cord blood lymphocytes failed to respond to rotavirus. a cross-reactive proliferative response of pbmc detected by stimulation with the ncdv strain of bovine rotavirus suggests the existence of e ... | 1990 | 2157566 |
| rotavirus serotypes 6 and 10 predominate in cattle. | calf fecal rotavirus strains were serotyped in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, using monoclonal antibodies to the vp7s of serotypes 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6 and to the vp4 of b223 (designated serotype 10). sixty-six percent of 162 samples were typed as serotype 6, and 7% were serotyped as serotype 10. most of the untyped strains did not react with a monoclonal antibody directed to a common vp7 epitope, indicating insufficient virus present in the samples. however, seven untyped samples that did rea ... | 1990 | 2157736 |
| prevention of human rotavirus infection with chicken egg yolk immunoglobulins containing rotavirus antibody in cat. | a study was made on the passive protection against rotavirus-induced diarrhea. chickens were immunized with bovine rotavirus (serotype 1) and the egg yolk immunoglobulins containing a high titer anti-rotavirus neutralizing antibody (ceyi) was obtained. the ceyi was then orally administered to specific-pathogen-free cats, and the cats were infected with human rotavirus. the cats treated with the ceyi remained clinically healthy after challenge, whereas diarrhea occurred in the placebo-fed cats as ... | 1990 | 2159511 |
| serum-neutralizing antibody to vp4 and vp7 proteins in infants following vaccination with wc3 bovine rotavirus. | serum specimens from infants 2 to 12 months old vaccinated with the wc3 bovine rotavirus were analyzed to determine the relative concentrations of neutralizing antibody to the vp4 and vp7 proteins of the vaccine virus. to do this, reassortant rotaviruses that contained the wc3 genome segment for only one of these two neutralization proteins were made. the segment for the other neutralization protein in these reassortants was from heterotypic rotaviruses that were serotypically distinct from wc3. ... | 1990 | 2159538 |
| specific labelling of human rotaviruses and adenoviruses with gold-igg complexes. | human rotaviruses and adenoviruses were specifically labelled by an indirect immuno gold staining technique for electron microscopy. rabbit antisera against human rota- and adenoviruses were used as the primary antibody and goat anti-rabbit igg-gold complexes as secondary antibody. optimal conditions for the procedure were established by testing serial dilutions of the antisera. precoating of electron microscopy grids with bovine rotavirus antibody decreased nonspecific background staining and a ... | 1985 | 2416768 |
| construction of a bovine-murine heteromyeloma cell line; production of bovine monoclonal antibodies against rotavirus and pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin. | bovine-murine heteromyeloma cell lines were prepared by fusing lymphoid cells from a bovine leukemia virus (blv)-infected cow with mouse myeloma cells. selection of hybrid cell colonies was based on the ratio of bovine and murine chromosomes, the presence of cell-surface immunoglobulins and growth characteristics. first-generation fusion partners were compared for fusion efficiency and the number of antigen-specific antibody-producing clones generated. hybrid cell colonies that initially secrete ... | 1990 | 2160144 |
| immune protection of infants against rotavirus gastroenteritis by a serotype 1 reassortant of bovine rotavirus wc3. | the safety and protective efficacy of a serotype 1 reassortant of bovine rotavirus wc3, disignated strain wi79-9, was evaluated in a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. rotavirus reassortant wi79-9 contains a gene segment 9 coding for the surface structural protein vp7 of a human serotype 1 rotavirus, with all other gene segments derived from wc3 rotavirus, which had previously been shown to be safe and immunogenic in infants. infants 2-11 months of age were given two doses of vaccine (10(7.3 ... | 1990 | 2161038 |
| intraruminal administration of milk in the calf as a model for ruminal drinking: morphological and enzymatical changes in the jejunal mucosa. | in order to develop a calf model for studying the syndrome of ruminal drinking (rd) in veal calves, three dual-fistulated calves were used to test the effect of intraruminal administration of milk replacer on the jejunal mucosa. biopsies of the proximal jejunal mucosa were taken through a jejunal fistula and the mucosal morphology and the activities of two brush border enzymes, lactase and alkaline phosphatase, were determined. means of villus length and brush border enzyme activities decreased ... | 1990 | 2161140 |
| study of virus excretion in feces of diarrheic and asymptomatic calves infected with rotavirus. | infection of calves by rotavirus could lead to diarrhea or subclinical disease. therein, kinetic of viral excretion from a group of asymptomatic calves, previously exposed to a virulent strain of rotavirus, is compared to that of a group the calves of which had diarrhea associated with rotavirus infection. as determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), duration of rotavirus shedding in feces and maximum yield of virus antigen were similar within the two groups of calves. rotaviru ... | 1990 | 2161171 |
| [immunoglobulin components and anti-viral activities in bovine colostrum]. | bovine colostrum whey and immunoglobulins were prepared. their characteristics and anti-viral activities were studied:igg, iga and igm were found in bovine colostrum. most igg was polymerized. although neutralization activities against bovine, simian and human rotaviruses existed, anti-human adenovirus antibody was not found. effects on prophylaxis and treatment for rotavirus gastroenteritis were expected. | 1990 | 2162896 |
| dual-label time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay for the simultaneous detection of adenovirus and rotavirus in faeces. | dual-label time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (tr-fia) was used for the simultaneous detection of adenovirus and rotavirus in stool specimens. a one-incubation 1 h assay was used. altogether 169 stool specimens collected from hospitalized children with acute gastroenteritis were tested. the specimens were dispensed with europium and terbium labelled antibodies against adenovirus and rotavirus, respectively, to coated microtitration strip wells. the 11 specimens positive for adenovirus in the eia we ... | 1990 | 2164524 |
| the finest ultrastructural details of the inner layer of rotavirus revealed by minimal electron doses. | the inner layer of human and calf rotavirus ultrastructure was analyzed using minimal doses in transmission electron microscopy. the morphological unit of spontaneously disrupted virions has the aspect of a flower-like structure, and its petals are hexagonally arranged and have a central pin hole. the similar flower appearance can be observed in complete virions and in rotavirus tube structures produced in aged samples of rotavirus kept for more than a year. | 1990 | 2164557 |
| polypeptide composition of rotavirus empty capsids and their possible use as a subunit vaccine. | two types of empty capsid particles that differed with respect to the presence of the two outer shell proteins were isolated from ma-104 cells infected with bovine rotavirus v1005. three previously uncharacterized polypeptides, i, ii, and iii, migrating between vp2 and vp6, were detected in empty capsids but not in single- and double-shelled rotavirus particles. peptide mapping revealed that all three proteins were related to vp2. polypeptides i, ii, and iii could be generated by in vitro trypsi ... | 1990 | 2164590 |
| evaluation of rit 4237 bovine rotavirus vaccine in newborn infants: correlation of vaccine efficacy to season of birth in relation to rotavirus epidemic period. | a single oral dose of bovine rotavirus vaccine rit 4237 or placebo was given to 2 groups of 5-day-old infants, born in october 1984 (n = 244) and june 1985 (n = 245), who remained in follow-up for 2.8 and 2.0 years, respectively. the vaccine had no effect on the total number of detectable episodes of rotavirus diarrhoea: there were 22 cases in the vaccinees and 24 in the placebo recipients in the october group and 18 and 16 respectively in the june group. however, vaccination decreased significa ... | 1990 | 2164706 |
| serotype 3 human rotavirus strains with subgroup i specificity. | during an epidemiological study on human rotavirus (hrv) infections in italy, three subgroup i strains not associated with serotype 2 reactivity were detected. all three strains were serotype 3, each with a distinct rna pattern showing fast-moving tenth and eleventh segments (long electropherotype). following successful adaptation to growth in cell cultures, the serotype 3 strains (mz58, pcp5, and pa710) were further characterized by neutralization and by rna-rna (northern blot) hybridization. a ... | 1990 | 2166081 |
| the interferon sensitivity of selected porcine viruses. | the objective of this study was to compare the sensitivity of 11 porcine viruses to the antiviral effects of porcine interferon-alpha in serum from piglets which had been infected 19 h previously with transmissible gastroenteritis virus, and of porcine interferon-beta prepared in pk-15 cells by induction with polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid, in yield reduction assays in pig kidney cells which were treated with interferon before virus challenge, and both before and after virus challenge. the most ... | 1989 | 2492445 |
| serotype 1 reassortant of bovine rotavirus wc3, strain wi79-9, induces a polytypic antibody response in infants. | a reassortant rotavirus, strain w179-9, was constructed bearing gene 9 of serotype 1 rotavirus strain wi79 and all other genes derived from bovine (serotype 6) rotavirus strain wc3. the antigenic phenotype of wi79-9 is bivalent: serotype 1 and serotype 6. wi79-9 administered orally at a dose of 10(7.5) p.f.u. induced no adverse effects in 48 infants of age 2-11 months. serotype 1- and serotype 6-specific serum neutralizing antibody titres were induced with approximately equal frequency in these ... | 1990 | 2168607 |
| rotaviruses specifically bind to the neutral glycosphingolipid asialo-gm1. | rotaviruses are the major etiologic agents of severe diarrhea in children. many rotaviruses encode a hemagglutinin which binds to sialic acids. we report that rotaviruses specifically recognize the neutral glycosphingolipid gangliotetraosylceramide (asialo-gm1 or ga1). ga1 resolved by thin-layer chromatography is bound by rotavirus, and binding is blocked by neutralizing rotavirus antiserum. similar glycosphingolipid structures, such as globoside, gangliotriaosylceramide, and ga1 oxidized with g ... | 1990 | 2168971 |
| development of an adult mouse model for studies on protection against rotavirus. | although mice have been used as an animal model for studies on rotavirus disease, these studies have been limited by the short time period after birth during which mice are susceptible to rotavirus illness (i.e., approximately 15 days). to overcome this limitation, an adult mouse model was developed in which the endpoint was infection rather than illness. the model developed utilized a strain of mouse rotavirus (edim) adapted to grow in culture by multiple passages in ma104 cells. the second cel ... | 1990 | 2168987 |
| serotypic differentiation of group a rotaviruses with porcine rotavirus gene 9 probes. | the serotypic specificities of gottfried and osu porcine rotavirus gene 9 probes were investigated in a dot hybridization assay. the probes were reacted with homologous and heterologous serotypes of group a rotaviruses of human and animal origin. hybridizations were conducted under relatively low-stringency (52 degrees c, no formamide, 5 x ssc) and high-stringency (52 degrees c, 50% formamide, formamide, 5 x ssc) conditions (1 x ssc is 0.15 m nacl plus 0.015 m sodium citrate). under conditions o ... | 1990 | 2174902 |
| [objective evaluation of the immunogenic effectiveness of polyvalent vaccines against enteral infections of newborn calves under enzootic conditions]. | for evaluating the protective effect of polyvalent vaccine against diarrhoea in new born calves caused by rotaviruses, coronaviruses and enterotoxigenic e. coli the method was selected of mathematical and statistical analysis of the set of data characterizing the most important clinical symptoms of the disease during the first three weeks after birth. in two large-scale breeds with a mass occurrence of diarrhoea of the known etiology the state of health of calves before the vaccine application w ... | 1989 | 2538950 |
| prevalence of antibodies to four bovine rotavirus strains in different age groups of cattle. | neutralizing antibody titers to four bovine rotavirus strains, representing three serotypes, were measured in 160 sera from cattle of different age groups. age-specific seroprevalence analysis revealed serotype 6, represented by bovine rotavirus (brv) ncdv, as the predominant rotavirus serotype infecting german cattle and serotype 10, represented by brv v1005, as the least prominent. infections with serotype 8, represented by brv 678, occurred with intermediate frequency. antibodies of young cal ... | 1990 | 2177934 |
| attaching and effacing escherichia coli infection as a cause of diarrhea in young calves. | a form of enteric escherichia coli infection was identified in 60 calves from 59 farming operations. the e coli responsible for these infections principally colonized the colon, inducing a distinctive lesion described as attaching and effacing. hemorrhagic enterocolitis or blood in the feces was observed on 40% of the farms. of affected calves, 86.6% were dairy calves (average age, 11.8 days). forty-four calves were infected concurrently with other enteropathogens (cryptosporidia, rotavirus, cor ... | 1990 | 2179181 |
| [epidemiologic studies of the detection of viral infection agents in calf losses in the weser-ems region]. | in 961 calves up to an age of 6 months which were sent to the animal health center in oldenburg between march 1987 and march 1990 for necropsy the results of determination of different viruses were calculated: bvd-, rota-, corona-, parainfluenza-3- (pi-3)-, bovine herpes-1 (bhv-1)- and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv). in 122 and 104 randomly collected health calves of 22 farms antibodies against brsv and bovine adeno virus-types 5, 7 and 8 were determined. 50.1% of the necropsied calve ... | 1990 | 2245783 |
| comparative studies on three isolates of breda virus of calves. | three isolates of breda virus of calves were compared morphologically and antigenically. the isolates demonstrated similar morphology and shared common antigens, as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoelectron microscopy. on the basis of results of the hemagglutination-inhibition test, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and immunoelectron microscopy, the 3 isolates were further subdivided into 2 serotypes: serotype 1 (breda virus 1) represented by the iowa isolate 1; and se ... | 1985 | 2408519 |
| effect of mutation in immunodominant neutralization epitopes on the antigenicity of rotavirus sa-11. | exposure of rotavirus sa-11 to polyclonal neutralizing antibody from hyperimmunized guinea-pigs permitted selection of variants which were poorly neutralized by antisera against the parental virus. in one-way cross-neutralization experiments, at least 22 of 24 plaque-purified variants could be classified as belonging to a serotype different from that of the parent. most antisera generated against the variants, however, readily neutralized the parental virus. this indicates that immunodominant ne ... | 1985 | 2414396 |
| immunogenicity of a bovine rotavirus glycoprotein fragment. | previous experiments demonstrated that an antigenic site responsible for virus neutralization and cell attachment was located on a 14,000-molecular-weight fragment of the major bovine rotavirus (brv) glycoprotein (m. sabara, j. e. gilchrist, g. r. hudson, and l. a. babiuk, j. virol. 53:58-66, 1985). however, it was necessary to investigate whether this fragment also had the ability to induce the production of neutralizing antibodies. upon immunization of mice, the bovine serum albumin-conjugated ... | 1985 | 2415712 |
| possible impairment of rotavirus immune response in cattle infected with blv. | | 1989 | 2546318 |
| coronavirus as agent of neonatal calf diarrhea in southern chile. | neonatal calf diarrhea is one of the most serious problems of cattle industry all over the world. although the aetiology is complex, it is possible to assess that viruses play a very important role. during an investigation to study the importance of rotavirus in enteric problems in calves and piglets, it was possible to demonstrate the presence, for the first time in southern chile, of coronavirus-like particles in a faecal sample of a 15 day old calf by means of electron microscopy. the importa ... | 1989 | 2546341 |
| nucleotide sequence of the structural glycoprotein vp7 gene of nebraska calf diarrhea virus rotavirus: comparison with homologous genes from four strains of human and animal rotaviruses. | a full-size cloned cdna copy of the rotavirus gene encoding the structural neutralization glycoprotein (vp7) of nebraska calf diarrhea virus (ncdv), a strain recently shown to be effective as a vaccine in children, has been sequenced. comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence of ncdv (serotype 6) vp7 with that of four other rotavirus strains (human wa serotype 1, human hu-5 serotype 2, simian sa-11 serotype 3, and bovine uk serotype 6) indicates that the degree of amino acid homology among v ... | 1985 | 2417410 |
| rna-binding proteins of bovine rotavirus. | two major bovine rotavirus proteins have rna-binding activity as shown by an rna overlay-protein blot assay. of the six proteins in purified virions, only one showed rna-binding activity. this 92,000-molecular-weight (92k) protein was present in both single- and double-shelled particles. its rna-binding activity was blocked by preincubation with monospecific antibody to vp2. thus, the 92k rna-binding protein in rotavirus virions is vp2, the second most abundant protein in single-shelled particle ... | 1986 | 2422396 |
| an equine rotavirus (fi-14 strain) which bears both subgroup i and subgroup ii specificities on its vp6. | an equinine rotavirus fi-14 strain, originally isolated from a diarrheic foal in new york state, was shown to belong to serotype 3 by neutralization assay. in addition, it was found to react with both subgroup i and subgroup ii monoclonal antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), thus representing the first rotavirus strain to exhibit both subgroup specificities. by using hybridoma technology, we successfully produced monoclonal antibodies directed against the major inner capsid p ... | 1987 | 2435059 |
| engineering of immunogenic peptides by co-linear synthesis of determinants recognized by b and t cells. | the potential of synthetic peptides as vaccines is restricted by their frequent lack of immunogenicity. as with haptens, coupling to a carrier protein is usually required to provide t cell help to anti-peptide antibody-producing b cells. in spite of their short length, a few natural or synthetic peptides are immunogenic: they all include both a determinant recognized by b cells and a proven or putative determinant recognized by t cells. we speculated that it should be possible to induce immunoge ... | 1987 | 2442000 |
| studies on rotavirus homologous and heterologous active immunity in infant mice. | homologous and heterologous active immunity was studied in mice with mammalian group a rotaviruses. one day old mice were vaccinated with one of the following rotaviruses: bovine b641 (serotype 6), bovine b223 (untyped), simian sa11 (serotype 3) and murine edim (untyped). at 10 days of age they were challenged with edim virulent virus or sa11 virus. all the vaccines induced a serological antibody response in the mice but only the homologous immune response was protective. | 1989 | 2550022 |
| rotavirus isolate wi61 representing a presumptive new human serotype. | a virus (strain wi61) representing a presumptive new human serotype was isolated from an 18-month-old child with gastroenteritis admitted to children's hospital of philadelphia in february 1983. the wi61 virus was clearly distinguished by cross-neutralization tests from human rotaviruses of serotypes 1, 2, 3, and 4, human 69m, and representative bovine (ncdv), porcine (osu), and chicken (ch2) rotaviruses. antisera generated in guinea pigs hyperimmunized to wi61 virus displayed a partial cross-re ... | 1987 | 2443534 |
| enhancement of peptide immunogenicity by linear polymerization. | the effect of linear homopolymerization on the immunogenicity of synthetic peptides was studied using either haptenic peptides (representing amino acid sequences 103-115 and 133-147 of bovine rotavirus major protein) or immunogenic peptides td-103-115 and td-133-147 which were constructed by co-linear synthesis of the former peptides and an amino acid sequence representing a determinant recognized by t helper cells (td). it was found that the two haptenic peptides were rendered immunogenic by li ... | 1988 | 2450754 |
| rotavirus and cryptosporidium shedding in dairy calf feces and its relationship to colostrum immune transfer. | twenty holstein calves received 2 l of colostrum twice within 12 h after birth; the first feeding occurred within 2 h of parturition. the increase in adsorption efficiency was related to the gamma globulin provided in the first colostrum feeding. absorption efficiency ranged from 2.4 to 46.1%. the number of sheddings of rotavirus and cryptosporidium by the calves during their first 4 wk of life was associated with serum gamma globulin concentration 24 h after birth and absorption efficiency. abs ... | 1988 | 2456319 |
| molecular epidemiology and subgroup determination of bovine group a rotaviruses associated with diarrhea in dairy and beef calves. | the genome electropherotyping technique was used to examine group a rotaviral infections of diarrheic calves ranging from 1 to 85 days of age in 2 beef and 27 dairy herds. coelectrophoresis studies demonstrated 38 distinct bovine group a rotavirus genome electropherotypes; all were long genome electropherotypes, and none had extra segments or unusual segment rearrangements. genome electropherotypes in fecal specimens from diarrheic calves previously inoculated orally with a commercial, modified- ... | 1989 | 2463994 |
| rotavirus infection in newborn calves. i. evaluation trials of certain enzymes in faeces. | the purpose of this work was to investigate the relationship between rotavirus infection, diagnosed in faeces using the serological test, in calves with diarrhoea and the activity of lysozyme, alpha-amylase, lipase and trypsin in the same material. the faeces were taken from 28 sick and 1 healthy animals, aged from 1 to 5 days, for microbiological and enzymatic examination. no correlation was found between lysozyme activity in faeces and rotavirus infection. similar results were obtained with th ... | 1989 | 2467466 |
| comparative studies of the antigenic polypeptide species vp4, vp6, and vp7 of three strains of bovine rotavirus. | three bovine rotavirus strains belonging to two distinct serotype groups, serotype 6 (ncdv and b641) and b223, distinct from the other six mammalian rotavirus serotypes but not yet assigned to a serotype group, were compared with each other and with canine rotavirus (k9, serotype 3) by studying the properties of their cognate polypeptide species vp4, vp6, and vp7. the three viruses showed distinct differences in the polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic migration rates of protein species vp4 and vp ... | 1989 | 2476464 |
| [electron microscopic detection rate of enteral viruses in diarrhea of dogs, cats, calves, swine and foals in the year 1988--electron microscopic study results]. | during 1988 fecal and gut samples of 641 dogs, 198 cats, 576 calves, 108 piglets and 64 foals with diarrhoea were investigated for virus infections by electron microscopy. in samples of dogs and cats parvovirus was detected at a proportion of 21.9% and 16.7%, respectively; rotavirus alone or together with coronavirus was found only in 0.3-1.5% of the specimens. in samples of calves rotavirus, as well as coronavirus dominated with a detection rate amounting to 17.4% and 26.6% respectively (includ ... | 1989 | 2513799 |
| latex test for rapid rotavirus diagnosis in calves. | a latex agglutination test (la) was compared with direct electron microscopy (em) for detection of rotavirus infection in calves. a total of 375 samples from 62 calves were collected. samples were taken when the calves were 1, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 20 days old and some scours samples were collected as well. altogether 45/375 (12%) specimens were positive in la and 10/375 (2.7%) were positive in em. samples positive in em were also positive in la. out of the 62 calves studied 26/62 (42%) were positive ... | 1990 | 2169187 |
| [the use of commercial immunoenzyme and latex preparations for the demonstration of human rotavirus antigens]. | the results of using enzyme immunoassay and latex preparations for the diagnosis of rotavirus gastroenteritis are presented. high effectiveness of the enzyme immunoassay system developed in the ussr with latex diagnostic agents, such as rotalex (orion diagnostica, finland), slidex rota kit (biomérieux, france), the wellcome rotavirus latex kit (wellcome foundation ltd., great britain), 48-63% and 21-41% respectively, has been noted. the results of the comparison of the system developed in the us ... | 1989 | 2555984 |
| growth of group a rotaviruses in a human liver cell line. | recent observations in children with rotavirus gastroenteritis and in infant mice given rotavirus vaccine by oral administration suggest that this well-known gastrointestinal pathogen may infect the liver. to examine this possibility, the susceptibility of hep g2 cells to infection with a variety of rotavirus strains was tested. these cells were used because they are considered to be well differentiated and exhibit many liver-specific functions. the hep g2 cells supported the growth of the simia ... | 1990 | 2170264 |
| sequences in rotavirus glycoprotein vp7 that mediate delayed translocation and retention of the protein in the endoplasmic reticulum. | glycosylation and translocation of the simian rotavirus protein vp7, a resident er protein, does not occur co-translationally in vivo. in pulse-chase experiments in cos cells, nonglycosylated vp7 was still detectable after a 25-min chase period, although the single glycosylation site was only 18 residues beyond the signal peptide cleavage site. after labeling, glycosylated and nonglycosylated vp7 was recovered in microsomes but the latter was sensitive to trypsin (i.e., the nascent protein becam ... | 1990 | 2170420 |
| effect of vaccination on serotype-specific antibody responses in infants administered wc3 bovine rotavirus before or after a natural rotavirus infection. | in an evaluation of wc3 bovine rotavirus (serotype 6) vaccine in infants, some subjects experienced a natural serotype 1 rotavirus infection before vaccination and others after. therefore, the effects of both wc3 and natural rotavirus strains as either primary or boosting immunogens on serotype-specific neutralizing antibody responses could be determined. after primary natural infection (symptomatic or asymptomatic), neutralizing antibody titers were highest to serotype 1 but were consistently h ... | 1990 | 2172404 |
| molecular biology of rotaviruses. viii. quantitative analysis of regulation of gene expression during virus replication. | a sensitive and quantitative solution hybridization assay recently developed in this laboratory has been applied to the study of the regulation of viral gene expression in rotavirus-infected cells. measurement of the cumulative level of viral plus-strand (mrna) synthesis at hourly intervals throughout the growth cycle has provided evidence for both quantitative and qualitative regulation of transcription. qualitative control was found only when cycloheximide was used to block protein synthesis i ... | 1989 | 2539501 |
| [research on antibodies against bhv-1, bhv-2, bhv-4, bvd-md virus, bovine adenovirus a and b, rotavirus and coronavirus in cattle in western zaire: complementary results]. | two-hundred bovine sera from western zaire were screened for antibodies to 8 viruses: bhv-1, bhv-2, bhv-4, bvd-md virus, bovine adenovirus a and b, bovine rotavirus and bovine coronavirus. positive sera were found to all these viruses. for animals whose origin was undoubted, the main features were the high prevalence of infections by rotavirus and bhv-4 and the low prevalence of infections by coronavirus and bvd-md virus. | 1989 | 2560579 |
| purification and characterization of adult diarrhea rotavirus: identification of viral structural proteins. | adult diarrhea rotavirus (adrv) is a newly identified strain of noncultivable human group b rotavirus that has been epidemic in the people's republic of china since 1982. we have used sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and western (immuno-) blot analysis to examine the viral proteins present in the outer and inner capsids of adrv and compared these with the proteins of a group a rotavirus, sa11. edta treatment of double-shelled virions removed the outer capsid and resulted ... | 1989 | 2539512 |
| detection of group b rotavirus in fecal specimens by dot hybridization with a cloned cdna probe. | cloned cdna copies were synthesized from the genomic rna of the idir strain of group b rotavirus (gbr) isolated in baltimore, md. these clones were screened for hybridization with heterologous gbr to identify cdna for use in dot hybridization experiments. in multiple screening experiments, cdna clones derived from gene segment 3 provided the most intense hybridization signals. 32p-labeled probes were produced from one of the gene 3 clones, and these were employed in dot hybridization assays. pur ... | 1989 | 2541164 |
| phenotypes of rotavirus reassortants depend upon the recipient genetic background. | we have previously characterized the biological and immunological properties of a simian rotavirus sa11 variant (4f) with an altered genome segment 4. the sa11-4f variant formed large plaques in the presence of protease, formed small clear plaques in the absence of protease, and grew to high titer in the presence of protease when compared to our standard wild type (sa11 clone 3). to determine the genome segment of the rotavirus sa11 variant 4f that encoded the unique protease-associated phenotyp ... | 1989 | 2542946 |
| protection against bovine rotaviruses in newborn calves by continuous feeding of immune colostrum. | three pregnant cows were inoculated intramuscularly with inactivated vaccine to bovine rotavirus (brv) serotype 1 (brv-1) and serotype 2 (brv-2). serum neutralizing antibody (na) titers against both serotypes increased significantly after immunization. na titers of colostrum obtained from immunized cows against brv-1 and brv-2 were 29286 and 38109, respectively, which were significantly higher than those from non-immunized control cows. nine and 6 colostrum deprived calves were orally challenged ... | 1989 | 2544759 |
| nucleotide sequence of bovine rotavirus gene 1 and expression of the gene product in baculovirus. | the nucleotide sequence of the gene that encodes for the structural viral protein vp1 of bovine rotavirus (rf strain) has been determined. the sequence data indicate that segment 1 contains 3302 bp and is a + t rich (65.3%). the positive strand of segment 1 contains a single open reading frame that extends 1088 codons and possesses 5'- and 3'-terminal untranslated regions of 18 and 20 bp, respectively. the first aug conforms to the kozak consensus sequence and if utilized, would yield a protein ... | 1989 | 2545026 |
| reactogenicity and immunogenicity of rotavirus wc3 vaccine in 5-12 month old infants. | rotavirus is a major cause of acute gastroenteritis in infants worldwide and there is need for an effective vaccine. rotavirus wistar calf 3 (wc3) is a strain of bovine origin attenuated by 12 passages in cell culture. a lyophilized candidate vaccine containing 1 x 10(7) pfu of wc3 has been developed. an oral dose was given to 25 french infants 5-12-months old (mean age 8.6 months). no diarrhoea was observed within 2 weeks after vaccination. unexplained vomiting was reported once and isolated fe ... | 1989 | 2547237 |
| [total protein, urea and blood sugar in healthy calves and calves with diarrhea]. | studied was the amount of the total protein, the urea, and the blood sugar in both normal calves and calves that were affected with enteritis with frequent isolates of pathogenic escherichia coli strains and corona and rotaviruses. stated are the normal values of these indices in calves aged from 1 to 6 days as well as from 7 to 15 days. it was found that with diarrhea-affected calves there were hypoproteinaemia, rise of urea, and very commonly encountered drop of blood sugar in the course of th ... | 1987 | 2820118 |
| prospects for development of a rotavirus vaccine against rotavirus diarrhea in infants and young children. | major advances have been made in elucidating the etiologic agents of severe infantile diarrhea, and it is clear that rotaviruses are the single most important etiologic agents. progress in the development of rotavirus vaccine candidates has also moved swiftly with the "jennerian" approach, in which a related live, attenuated rotavirus strain from a nonhuman host is used as the immunizing antigen. if this strategy is not effective against all rotavirus serotypes, reassortant rotaviruses hold grea ... | 1989 | 2548276 |
| antigenic and molecular characterization of bovine rotaviruses isolated in japan. | japanese bovine rotavirus isolates, which fall into two different serotypes, were shown to belong to subgroup i and to have long rna electrophoretypes. this study confirmed the distinction of two serotypes on the basis of a greater than 20-fold difference in neutralization titres between the homologous and heterologous reactions; however, significant one-way cross-neutralization was observed between one of the strains with bovine serotype 2 and antisera to strains with bovine serotype 1 (serotyp ... | 1989 | 2549598 |
| comparison of human, simian, and bovine rotaviruses for requirement of sialic acid in hemagglutination and cell adsorption. | human rotaviruses (wa, kun, mo) showed hemagglutination (ha) only with fixed 1-day-old chicken erythrocytes, and their ha activities were completely destroyed by trypsin activation of virions. simian sa-11 and bovine ncdv had ha activities not only against fixed erythrocytes but also against fresh erythrocytes from various species. their ha activities against fixed erythrocytes were also inhibited by trypsin activation, but those against fresh erythrocytes were not. neuraminidase treatment of fi ... | 1989 | 2549710 |
| nucleotide sequence and expression in escherichia coli of the gene encoding the nonstructural protein ncvp2 of bovine rotavirus. | cloned dna copy of rotavirus genome segment 5 from bovine rotavirus rf strain has been used to determine the nucleotide sequence of the gene that encodes for the nonstructural viral protein ncvp2. the sequence data indicated that segment 5 consists of 1581 base pairs and is a + t rich (66%). the positive strand of segment 5 contains a single open reading frame that extends 491 codons and possesses 5'- and 3'-terminal untranslated regions of 32 and 73 base pairs, respectively. the first aug confo ... | 1987 | 2823457 |
| inactivation of animal viruses during sewage sludge treatment. | using a previously developed filter adsorption technique, the inactivation of a human rotavirus, a coxsackievirus b5, and a bovine parvovirus was monitored during sludge treatment processes. during conventional anaerobic mesophilic digestion at 35 to 36 degrees c, only minor inactivation of all three viruses occurred. the k' values measured were 0.314 log10 unit/day for rotavirus, 0.475 log10 unit/day for coxsackievirus b5, and 0.944 log10 unit/day for parvovirus. however, anaerobic thermophilic ... | 1987 | 2823708 |
| expression of bovine rotavirus neutralization antigen in escherichia coli. | a 646 bp fragment derived from a full length cdna clone of genomic segment 9 of bovine rotavirus (ncdv strain) was inserted into escherichia coli expression plasmid pex1. the fragment encodes amino acids 50 to 265 of the major vital neutralization antigen vp7, a 326 amino acid long outer shell glycoprotein. several transformed bacterial clones were isolated in which the recombinant plasmid directed the synthesis of a cro-beta-galactosidase-vp7 fusion protein that was recognized by rabbit polyclo ... | 1987 | 2824674 |
| serum albumin treatment to eliminate false-positive results with laboratory rodent specimens tested by rotazyme enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | a high proportion of positive results was found in fecal specimens from mice and rats tested by rotazyme ii enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, but the presence of virus could not be confirmed. positive specimens and nonautoclaved rodent diet contained a substance that apparently attached nonspecifically to the antibody-coated beads used in the test and reacted directly with the substrate. pretreatment of the beads with 0.1% bovine serum albumin eliminated this nonspecific activity. | 1987 | 2826539 |
| enteric infections in veal calves: a longitudinal study on four veal calf units. | forty-five calves on four veal calf units were monitored during the first four weeks after their arrival. faecal samples were collected on alternate days and screened for the presence of rotaviruses, bovine coronavirus, cryptosporidium oocysts, k99 positive strains of e. coli and salmonella spp. rotaviruses and cryptosporidium were the most commonly detected agents (78% and 60% respectively of the calves). bovine coronavirus was detected in the faeces of 18% of the calves, whilst k99 positive e. ... | 1987 | 2827367 |
| development of nasal, fecal and serum isotype-specific antibodies in calves challenged with bovine coronavirus or rotavirus. | unsuckled specific pathogen free calves were inoculated at 3-4 weeks of age, either intranasally (in) or orally (o) with bovine coronavirus or o plus in (o/in) or o with bovine rotavirus. shedding of virus in nasal or fecal samples, and virus-infected nasal epithelial cells were detected using immunofluorescent staining (if), elisa or immune electron microscopy (iem). isotype-specific antibody titers in sera, nasal and fecal samples were determined by elisa. calves inoculated with coronavirus sh ... | 1987 | 2829415 |
| subgroup and serotype distributions of human, bovine, and porcine rotavirus in thailand. | the subgroup and serotype specificities of human, bovine, and porcine group a rotaviruses in stool specimens collected in thailand were examined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay by using subgroup- and serotype-specific monoclonal antibodies. a clear yearly change was observed in the serotype distribution of human rotavirus. between 1983 and 1984, serotype 4 was the most prevalent, while the highest frequency of serotype 2 was found between 1987 and 1988. all the bovine and porcine rotavir ... | 1989 | 2550515 |
| efficacy of an inactivated oil-adjuvanted rotavirus vaccine in the control of calf diarrhoea in beef herds in argentina. | we have assessed the potency of an inactivated oil-adjuvanted rotavirus vaccine in beef herds in argentina. two different vaccine trials were conducted. in a small-scale experimental trial, involving 21 pregnant cows (13 vaccinated and eight unvaccinated controls), a significant increase in neutralizing antibody titres against different serotypes of bovine rotaviruses was found in both the colostrum and serum of vaccinated cows compared with that of unvaccinated controls. seven days after birth, ... | 1989 | 2551102 |
| [electron microscopy research on cytopathic rotaviruses in cell cultures]. | studied was the virus reproduction in cell cultures of ma-104 of the referent rotavirus strain lincoln, and of the isolated from calves rotavirus trebich 248/82 and dolno-sakhrane 39/82. observed were the following main morphologic structures: electron-dense oval fractions, fractions of with single and double membrane, fractions with supercapsular membrane and electronic-densely granulated zones--viroplasms. there were not established considerable differences between the referent and the isolate ... | 1987 | 2835851 |
| passive immunity to bovine rotavirus infection associated with transfer of serum antibody into the intestinal lumen. | the effect of circulating passive antibody on immunity to bovine rotavirus infections in neonatal calves was investigated. in the first experiment, rotavirus antibody titers in the small intestinal lumina of 5- and 10-day-old calves with a wide range of serum rotavirus antibody titers were determined. neutralizing antibody was present in the small intestinal lumina in titers that correlated with the calves' serum titers (r = +0.84, p less than 0.01). immunoglobulin g1 was the predominant isotype ... | 1988 | 2836607 |
| passive immunity modulates genetic reassortment between rotaviruses in mixedly infected mice. | genetic reassortment between simian rotavirus sa11 and rhesus rotavirus (rrv) occurs with high frequency following mixed infection of nonimmune suckling mice (j. l. gombold and r. f. ramig, j. virol. 57:110-116, 1986). we examined the effects of passively acquired homotypic or heterotypic immunity on reassortment in vivo. passively immune suckling mice obtained from dams immune to either serotype 3 simian rotavirus (sa11) or serotype 6 bovine rotavirus (ncdv) were infected orally with either sa1 ... | 1989 | 2552138 |
| development of a murine model to study the pathogenesis of rotavirus infection. | a murine model to study enteritis induced by bovine (brv) and murine rotavirus (mrv) has been developed. the course of infection was determined by clinical symptoms of diarrhea and virus isolation as well as histopathological, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic methods. both isolates were able to replicate and produce clinical symptoms in neonatal mice. rotavirus-free neonates were orally inoculated with mrv or brv and observed over a 192-hr postinoculation (hpi) period. following inf ... | 1989 | 2553474 |
| nonradioactive labeling of synthetic oligonucleotide probes with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase. | synthetic oligonucleotides were tailed at the 3' end using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase. nucleotide triphosphates with free primary amines at the end of side chains were compared for their tailing efficiency and/or detection sensitivity, using biotin-11-dutp as a reference. free primary amines were tagged with activated biotin or fluorescein isothiocyanate. the probes were then detected with either streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase complex or anti-fluorescein antibodies and alkaline pho ... | 1988 | 2837921 |
| standardization and kinetics of in vitro bovine blood lymphocyte stimulation with bovine rotavirus. | two groups of 3-month old calves were immunized intramuscularly with attenuated bovine rotavirus and boosted 21 and 42 days later. the first group of three calves were vaccinated with live virus emulsified with incomplete freund's adjuvant (ifa) and the second group was immunized with live virus suspended in phosphate buffered saline (pbs). three other calves, serving as controls, were inoculated with pbs emulsified with ifa. the specific cell-mediated and antibody responses of the animals were ... | 1988 | 2838218 |
| serological characterization of bovine rotaviruses isolated from dairy and beef herds in argentina. | bovine rotaviruses isolated from beef and dairy herds in argentina were serotyped by the immunoperoxidase focus reduction assay as previously described (g. gerna, m. battaglia, g. milenesi, n. passarani, e. percivalle, and e. cattaneo, infect. immun. 43:722-729, 1984). three strains from beef herds were related to the uk and ncdv bovine rotavirus strains defined as serotype 6 (y. hoshino, r. g. wyatt, h. b. greenberg, j. flores, and a. z. kapikian, j. infect. dis. 149:694-702, 1984). two other s ... | 1989 | 2553769 |
| effect of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate, corynebacterium parvum and mycobacterium cell wall extract on in vitro blastogenic responses of bovine blood lymphocytes. | in vivo inoculation of three-month-old calves with sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (dtc), killed corynebacterium parvum or mycobacterium cell wall extract (mcwe) resulted in an enhancement of in vitro peripheral blood lymphocyte blastogenic responses to mitogens phytohemagglutinin (pha) and concanavalin a (con a) in the first three days after treatment. in a separate experiment, blood lymphocytes isolated from a healthy nontreated calf were incubated in vitro in presence of each of the same immuno ... | 1989 | 2536308 |
| monoclonal antibody assay for detection of double-stranded rna and application for detection of group a and non-group a rotaviruses. | fastidious viruses are generally detected in human body fluids by means of immunoassay or nucleic acid hybridization systems. these approaches can be difficult to apply to the detection of viruses which display variations in antigenic or genetic composition. rotaviruses are examples of viruses which can display such variations. recently identified antigenic variants, designated as non-group a rotaviruses, cannot be detected by immunoassays or nucleic acid hybridization assays which utilize reage ... | 1989 | 2536393 |
| protection of peruvian children against rotavirus diarrhea of specific serotypes by one, two, or three doses of the rit 4237 attenuated bovine rotavirus vaccine. | a randomized placebo-controlled double-blind field trial of rit 4237 attenuated rotavirus vaccine in lima, peru, evaluated the protection against diarrheal illness by one, two, or three doses of vaccine. there were 391 children, 2-18 months old, studied for the occurrence of diarrhea during the 18 months after vaccination. three doses of the vaccine provided 40% protection against any diarrheal illness associated with rotavirus alone but 58%-75%; protection against the more severe rotaviral illn ... | 1989 | 2536789 |
| effect of viral infection of fc receptors and immunologically nonspecific receptors of blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes: an in vitro model. | i describe the effect on phagocytic activity of the migration of bovine blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmnl) through collagen and a monolayer of pk-15 cells in vitro infected with rotaviruses (strain osu, rfc-17, sa-11), a picornavirus (strain svdv), bovine herpesvirus (bhv-1) and equine herpesvirus (ehv-1). the pmnl were examined before and after their migration as follows: (1) for ea rosette formation with sensitized sheep erythrocytes, (2) for phagocytic activity mediated through fc rece ... | 1989 | 2569805 |
| passive immunisation of children with bovine colostrum containing antibodies to human rotavirus. | the efficacy of a 10-day course of bovine colostrum with high antibody titre against the four known human rotavirus serotypes in protecting children against rotavirus infection was examined in patients admitted to hospital. children aged 3 to 15 months were blocked in pairs according to ward accommodation (ie, isolation or open area). each block contained 1 treated and 1 control child. the allocation to treatment or control (an artificial infant formula) was randomised. 9 of 65 control children ... | 1989 | 2570959 |
| preliminary characterization of an epitope involved in neutralization and cell attachment that is located on the major bovine rotavirus glycoprotein. | the 38,200-molecular weight (unreduced)/41,900-molecular-weight (reduced) glycoprotein of bovine rotavirus, isolate c486, was identified as the major neutralizing antigen. this glycoprotein as well as the corresponding glycoprotein of another bovine rotavirus serotype also specifically attached to cell monolayers under normal conditions for virus adsorption in vitro. further support for this glycoprotein being directly responsible for virus attachment to cells was that (i) infectious virus of bo ... | 1985 | 2578197 |