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the murid filaria monanema martini: a model for onchocerciasis. part i. description of lesions.a study of the anatomo-pathological lesions induced by monanema martini, a filaria with skin-dwelling microfilariae, was performed using 65 lemniscomys striatus fixed from 30 minutes to 36 months after inoculation of the infective larvae, 5 arvicanthis niloticus and 3 meriones unguiculatus fixed during the patent phase, and controls. attempts at quantification of lesions in l. striatus was made. approximately 20% of l. striatus had microfilariae in the eyeballs, and many more presented ocular le ...19911776782
the effect of the benzodiazepine antagonist flumazenil on microfilariae of monanema martini in vitro. 19901969701
the fate of the filaria monanema martini in two rodent hosts: recovery rate, migration, and localization.in meriones unguiculatus, the recovery rate of 80 inoculated larvae was low (about 20%) and irregular. in the natural host lemniscomys striatus, the recovery rate was about 50% with inoculated doses of 30, 80 or 400 l3, but slightly higher for 400 l3. this rate was constant from day 2 to month 8 post infection (p.i.). when 7-9 reinoculations were performed in one year, the recovery rate of the late inoculation was of only 14%. after subcutaneous inoculations, larvae penetrated into the peripheri ...19902221759
the skin-dwelling microfilariae of monanema martini in lemniscomys striatus as potential drug screening model for onchocerciasis: midazolam effect in vitro.the murid model of monanema martini in lemniscomys striatus was used to evaluate its potential as drug screening model in onchocerciasis. it had been described that the histopathology and the reaction to diethylcarbamazine treatment of this model closely resemble human onchocerciasis. to study further similarities the in vitro effect of midazolam was examined. skin-dwelling microfilariae (mf) of m. martini were taken by skin snips and placed in either plain phosphat buffered saline or midazolam. ...19882907264
[cutaneous changes induced by a dose of dec in rodents with skin microfilaria: relevance of these phenomena for understanding the mazzotti reaction and the pathogenesis of human onchocerciasis].a single dose of dec was given to lemniscomys striatus parasitized by monanema martini. the histopathological analysis of ear-lobe skin sections shows: a massive escape of microfilariae from the lymph capillaries, a major vascular exudative reaction with edema and diapedesis of blood cells. this inflammatory process leads to the destruction of the extralymphatic microfilariae and it induces a subacute and chronic dermatitis at the 7th day. these findings explain the pathogenesis of mazzotti reac ...19873103881
[the filaria cercopithifilaria roussilhoni in the tick vector].histological and ultrastructural analysis of the development of c. roussilhoni--a filarial parasite of a. africanus with skin-dwelling microfilariae--in the hexapod, larva of r. sanguineus. the development takes place in the epidermis. the intra-epidermal development, which is rare in the spirurida, is known in a close filaria, also transmitted by ixodids, monanema martini. the slow development of c. roussilhoni and the pronounced changes of the parasitized epidermal syncytium (very large nuclei ...19883202588
[development of the filaria monanema martini in the epidermis of ixodid ticks].morphological and histological analysis of the larval development of monanema martini, a filaria with skin dwelling microfilariae. the vectors are the hexapod larvae of rhipicephalus sanguineus, r. turanicus and h. truncatum; the filarial infective stages appear during the larval-nymph moult of the vector (11 days at 26 degrees c). this species, and in our opinion the other species of monanema, have a complete development in the epidermis of the ticks. hard-ticks (ixodidae) appear to be the main ...19883400961
[a filaria of african muridae in the wall of the colon: monanema martini n. sp].description of m. martini n. sp. (= m. nilotica el bihari et al., 1977 sensu bain et coll., 1985), a parasite of arvicanthis niloticus from mali. the natural host is arvicanthis niloticus from mali; the description is based on material from experimentally infected laboratory-bred rodents (holotype from a. niloticus; other specimens from lemniscomys striatus). like other related species the microfilariae of m. martini are said to be "skin dwelling" (in fact they are in cutaneous lymphatic vessels ...19863813428
monanema martini in its murid hosts: microfiladermia related to infective larvae and adult filariae.the microfiladermia of monanema martini was studied in two natural murid hosts, lemniscomys striatus and arvicanthis niloticus, with 137 and 39 rodents respectively inoculated once, twice or several times. microfilarial densities (mf/mm2) were measured at the ear pinna every three months. almost all the rodents developed a microfiladermia. when l. striatus rodents were inoculated once with 30, 80, or 400 infective larvae, microfiladermia increased (peaks of 108, 148, 174 mf/mm2 respectively, at ...19947939158
onchocerca-like lesions induced by the filarioid nematode cercopithifilaria johnstoni, in its natural hosts and in the laboratory rat.histo-pathological analysis of the eyes, ears, skin and associated skeletal muscles of the back of 14 animals infected with a filarioid worm with dermal microfilariae, cercopithifilaria johnstoni: seven rattus fuscipes, of which four were naturally infected, two marsupials, perameles nasuta and isodon macrourus, and five r. norvegicus. this filarioid nematode induces skin and eye lesions in all the infected animals. these lesions are similar to those described earlier with other filarioid specie ...19938154782
ophthalmological study of the lesions induced by the filarial worm with dermal microfilariae, monanema martini, in its murid hosts.the filaria monanema martini with skin-dwelling microfilariae induces in its natural murid hosts lesions similar to those in human onchocerciasis. this was demonstrated by histo-pathological studies but it appeared useful to evaluate the model by a clinical investigation. an ophthalmological analysis was performed on the two species of hosts, inoculated by one, two, or multiple doses of larvae, and with infections of at least one year duration. a total of 140 eyes was examined (anterior and post ...19938293664
larval biology of six filariae of the sub-family onchocercinae in a vertebrate host.the development of six filariae of the sub-family onchocercinae-litomosoides sigmodontis, acanthocheilonema viteae, molinema dessetae, monanema martini, brugia malayi, b. pahangi-was compared in rodents, following a single inoculation of a low or high dose of infective larvae. analysis was done with 105 rodents dissected and 53 rodents fixed for histopathology. the percentage of larvae which developed corresponded to the proportion of those which were able to penetrate into the sub-cutaneous lym ...19949140491
ivermectin and moxidectin in two filarial systems: resistance of monanema martini; inhibition of litomosoides sigmodontis insemination.effects of ivermectin and moxidectin were compared on two filarial species: monanema martini which presents dermal microfilariae and induces onchocerca-like lesions in its natural murid host lemniscomys striatus, and litomosoides sigmodontis (= l. carinii). m. martini microfilariae showed an unusual resistance to ivermectin, in vitro and in vivo; moxidectin was no more efficient. however, the two drugs used at high concentrations deeply altered the uterine embryogenesis, but had no lethal effect ...19979419842
new insights into the evolution of wolbachia infections in filarial nematodes inferred from a large range of screened species.wolbachia are intriguing symbiotic endobacteria with a peculiar host range that includes arthropods and a single nematode family, the onchocercidae encompassing agents of filariases. this raises the question of the origin of infection in filariae. wolbachia infect the female germline and the hypodermis. some evidences lead to the theory that wolbachia act as mutualist and coevolved with filariae from one infection event: their removal sterilizes female filariae; all the specimens of a positive s ...201121731626
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