| malaria in the republic of the philippines. a review. | malaria in the republic of the philippines is caused principally by p. falciparum and p. vivax, with the former as predominant species. p. malariae is occasionally reported, while p. ovale is very rare and has been reported only in the island of palawan. malaria is widespread in distribution with prevalence varying from one area to the other. in 1970, the malaria morbidity rate was reported to be 77.6 per 100,000 while the mortality rate was 1.8 per 100,000. case detection activities revealed th ... | 1977 | 21558 |
| human infections with plasmodium knowlesi, the philippines. | five human cases of infection with the simian malaria parasite plasmodium knowlesi from palawan, the philippines, were confirmed by nested pcr. this study suggests that this zoonotic infection is found across a relatively wide area in palawan and documents autochthonous cases in the country. | 2008 | 18439369 |
| association of molecular markers in plasmodium falciparum crt and mdr1 with in vitro chloroquine resistance: a philippine study. | specific mutations in the pfcrt and pfmdr1 genes have been reported to be associated with chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria parasites worldwide. these genetic markers are considered to be useful tools for the elucidation of several aspects of the epidemiology of drug resistant malaria. in this study, plasmodium falciparum isolates from three distinct areas of the philippines were analyzed for drug-resistance-associated genetic mutations, and their association with the in vitro chloroquine ... | 2009 | 19567229 |
| pharmacokinetics of sequential and simultaneous treatment with the combination chloroquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in acute uncomplicated plasmodium falciparum malaria in the philippines. | the efficacy and kinetics of the combination chloroquine plus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (cq + sp), given sequentially and simultaneously, were investigated in 32 patients with acute uncomplicated plasmodium falciparum malaria in palawan island, the philippines. group 1 with 11 patients received oral cq 25 mg/kg bw over 3 days followed by a single dose of sp (three tablets 250 mg s + 25 mg p) on day 4 (cq0 + sp4). group 2 with 21 patients received a loading dose of cq 10 mg/kg plus a single dose ... | 2002 | 12100441 |
| in vitro growth inhibition of plasmodium falciparum by sera from different regions of the philippines. | sera from different malaria endemic regions of the republic of the philippines were compared for their ability to inhibit growth of plasmodium falciparum in vitro. dialyzed serum was added to synchronous cultures containing schizonts for either the total 48 hr test period or only the last 24 hr in order to analyze the effects on erythrocytic invasion and intraerythrocytic growth, respectively. reduction in 3h-hypoxanthine uptake was used to determine the percent of inhibition compared to nonimmu ... | 1990 | 2221218 |
| antibodies to the major merozoite surface coat protein of plasmodium falciparum (gp195) in a human population living in a malaria-endemic area of the philippines. | the seroprevalence of naturally acquired antibodies against plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein gp195 was assessed in 726 individuals living in the napsan region of palawan in the philippines. antibodies against gp195 were detected using parasite-derived antigens in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. the lowest seroprevalence of anti-gp195 antibodies (45%) was found in the 0-4-year-old age group. by 10-19 years of age, the seroprevalence of anti-gp195 antibodies had leveled off at ... | 1992 | 1443339 |
| genetic diversity and population structure of plasmodium falciparum in the philippines. | in the philippines, malaria morbidity and mortality have decreased since the 1990s by effective malaria control. several epidemiological surveys have been performed in the country, but the characteristics of the plasmodium falciparum populations are not yet fully understood. in this study, the genetic structure of p. falciparum populations in the philippines was examined. | 2009 | 19422722 |
| phylogenetic relationship of plasmodium falciparum populations in the philippines. | malaria is one of the major infectious diseases in the philippines. it is being targeted for control through sustained early diagnosis, treatment and mosquito control. it is in this light that understanding the genetic background of the parasite population is important not only for basic biology of the organism but also for epidemiology and control of the disease. in the present study, molecular phylogenetic relationships of the 3 plasmodium falciparum populations in the philippines with the oth ... | 2008 | 18564702 |
| allelic diversity in the merozoite surface protein 1 gene of plasmodium falciparum on palawan island, the philippines. | allelic diversity of the plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein 1 gene (msp1) is mainly generated by meiotic recombination at the mosquito stage. we investigated recombination-based allelic diversity of msp1 in a p. falciparum population from palawan island, the philippines, where malaria transmission is moderate. we identified the 5' recombinant types, 3' sequence types and msp1 haplotypes (unique combinations of 5' recombinant type and 3' sequence type), and compared them with those o ... | 2007 | 17347029 |
| field evaluation of malaria rapid diagnostic tests for the diagnosis of p. falciparum and non-p. falciparum infections. | the objective of this study was to evaluate various malaria rapid diagnostic tests as a tool in the detection of p. falciparum and non-p. falciparum infections in field conditions. four field surveys were conducted in malaria-endemic areas of palawan and davao del norte, philippines to validate the various rapid diagnostic tests, namely diamed optimal 48 (diamed ag, switzerland), parahit f (span diagnostics, india), orchid optimal, and paracheck pf (both from orchid biomedical systems, india). t ... | 2005 | 16124416 |
| biological screening of rain forest plot trees from palawan island (philippines). | study plots totaling 0.2 ha were established in primary forest in the highlands of central palawan island, philippines. samples of various anatomical parts [typically leaf + twig (if/tw), stem bark (sb), and root (rt)] were collected from all tree species represented within the plots by individuals having a diameter at breast height > or = 10 cm. in all, 211 distinct samples were obtained from 68 tree species, representing 35 families (not including samples from 4 indeterminate species). methano ... | 2001 | 11292242 |
| application of seroepidemiology in identification of local foci in a malarious community in palawan, the philippines. | the value of seroepidemiology in malaria control programs has long been recognized, but its use in such situations has been limited. we therefore conducted a seroepidemiologic study in a frontier community on palawan island, the philippines, an area where malaria is highly endemic. the first serologic survey was done at the end of the rainy season and the second was done during the dry season. the sera were examined using an indirect fluorescent antibody test. there was a significant difference ... | 1993 | 8250100 |