| bioactive properties of plant species ingested by chimpanzees (pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) in the kibale national park, uganda. | we measured the biological activities of a selected sample (84 crude extracts) of 24 species eaten by wild chimpanzees (pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) in the kibale national park, western uganda, to assess their potential chemotherapeutic values. antibacterial, antimalarial, and/or antileishmania activities were observed in some crude extracts, and five of these extracts showed a significant cytotoxicity against human tumor cells. active compounds isolated from three plant parts occasionally in ... | 2006 | 16419122 |
| adherence to a six-dose regimen of artemether-lumefantrine for treatment of uncomplicated plasmodium falciparum malaria in uganda. | measuring baseline levels of adherence and identifying risk factors for non-adherence are important steps before the introduction of new antimalarials. in mbarara in southwestern uganda, we assessed adherence to artemether-lumefantrine (coartem) in its latest world health organization blister formulation. patients with uncomplicated plasmodium falciparum malaria were prescribed artemether-lumefantrine and received an explanation of how to take the following five doses at home. a tablet count was ... | 2004 | 15569777 |
| validity, reliability and ease of use in the field of five rapid tests for the diagnosis of plasmodium falciparum malaria in uganda. | a study was conducted to measure the overall performance of several rapid diagnostic tests for plasmodium falciparum infection, in order to select the most appropriate test to be used in the field. a total of 742 patients attending the out-patient department of mbarara hospital with a clinical suspicion of malaria were included in the study. for each patient, a thick/thin film and 5 rapid tests based on the detection of histidine-rich protein ii (hrp-ii) (paracheck pf dipstick and device, parahi ... | 2002 | 12174772 |
| genetic diversity of plasmodium falciparum and its relationship to parasite density in an area with different malaria endemicities in west uganda. | field populations of plasmodium falciparum can be effectively genotyped by pcr-amplification of selected fragments of the merozoite surface proteins 1 and 2 (msp1 and msp2). genetic diversity of p. falciparum populations in areas with different transmission levels (holo- vs. mesoendemic) was investigated in kabarole district, west uganda. 225 samples positive for p. falciparum were analysed by amplification of polymorphic regions and classified according to prevalence of allelic families. a larg ... | 2001 | 11555426 |
| geographic differences in the sensitivity of a polymerase chain reaction for the detection of plasmodium falciparum infection. | the amplification of target dna by highly specific probes using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) provides a highly sensitive and specific method for the detection of malaria infection. the use the of pcr in settings with varying endemicity within one survey area has not been investigated intensively. therefore, a cross-sectional study was conducted in the districts of kabarole and bundibugyo in western uganda using material from three villages with different epidemiologic situations regarding ... | 1996 | 9025692 |
| in vivo sensitivity of plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine, amodiaquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in western uganda. | in an in vivo study of antimalarial sensitivity in kabarole district, western uganda, 82% of asymptomatic malarial infections and 86% of symptomatic infections were chloroquine sensitive. of persons with symptomatic malaria, 88% were sensitive to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (fansidar). amodiaquine cleared parasites in all persons in whom it was used. over the course of the past five years, there appears to be no substantial increase in the extent of chloroquine resistance in western uganda. | 1994 | 7892705 |
| antiplasmodial and cytotoxic activities of medicinal plants traditionally used in the village of kiohima, uganda. | in uganda, malaria is the most common disease and ugandan people largely rely on traditional medicine. in this context, we carried out an ethnobotanical study on the kiohima village, located close to the kibale national park in south-western uganda and investigated in vitro the antiplasmodial and cytotoxic activities of selected medicinal plants. | 2010 | 21075191 |
| efficacy and safety of artemether-lumefantrine compared with quinine in pregnant women with uncomplicated plasmodium falciparum malaria: an open-label, randomised, non-inferiority trial. | malaria in pregnancy is associated with maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. in 2006, who recommended use of artemisinin-based combination treatments during the second or third trimesters, but data on efficacy and safety in africa were scarce. we aimed to assess whether artemether-lumefantrine was at least as efficacious as oral quinine for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy in mbarara, uganda. | 2010 | 20932805 |
| gel versus capillary electrophoresis genotyping for categorizing treatment outcomes in two anti-malarial trials in uganda. | molecular genotyping is performed in anti-malarial trials to determine whether recurrent parasitaemia after therapy represents a recrudescence (treatment failure) or new infection. the use of capillary instead of agarose gel electrophoresis for genotyping offers technical advantages, but it is unclear whether capillary electrophoresis will result in improved classification of anti-malarial treatment outcomes. | 2010 | 20074380 |
| dynamics of plasmodium falciparum alleles in children with normal haemoglobin and with sickle cell trait in western uganda. | we describe the diversity of plasmodium falciparum populations in western uganda and assess the role that asymptomatic malaria carriers with sickle cell trait (hbas) may be playing on the plasmodium population structure. we genotyped p. falciparum in 291 samples using merozoite surface protein (msp) 1 and 2 loci. extensive genetic diversity was detected among symptomatic children in mbarara (20 msp1 alleles; 31 msp2 alleles) and kagando, kasese (19 msp1 alleles; 30 msp2 alleles). multiplicity of ... | 2009 | 18789462 |
| emergence of a dhfr mutation conferring high-level drug resistance in plasmodium falciparum populations from southwest uganda. | the s108n, c59r, and n51i mutations in the plasmodium falciparum gene that encodes dihydrofolate reductase, dhfr, confer resistance to pyrimethamine and are common in africa. however, the i164l mutation, which confers high-level resistance, is rarely seen. we found a 14% prevalence of the i164l mutation among a sample of 51 patients with malaria in kabale district in southwest uganda in 2005 and a 4% prevalence among 72 patients with malaria in the neighboring district of rukungiri during the sa ... | 2008 | 18471065 |
| molecular genotyping in a malaria treatment trial in uganda - unexpected high rate of new infections within 2 weeks after treatment. | polymerase chain reaction (pcr) genotyping of malaria parasites in drug efficacy trials helps differentiate reinfections from recrudescences. a combination therapy trial of one (n = 115) or three (n = 117) days artesunate (1as, 3as 4 mg/kg/day) plus sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (sp) vs. sp alone (n = 153) was conducted in mbarara, a mesoendemic area of western uganda. all paired recurrent plasmodium falciparum parasitaemias on days 7, 14, 21 and 28 post-treatment were genotyped by pcr amplificatio ... | 2007 | 17300628 |
| further observations on the blood parasites of birds in uganda. | birds from three national parks (bwindi impenetrable, kibale, and queen elizabeth) in western uganda were surveyed during the dry season in july 2003 and investigated for hematozoa by microscopic examination of stained blood films. of 307 birds examined, representing 68 species of 15 families and four orders, 61.9% were found to be infected with blood parasites. species of haemoproteus (15.3% prevalence), plasmodium (20.5%), leucocytozoon (40.1%), trypanosoma (11.4%), hepatozoon (2.6%), atoxopla ... | 2005 | 16244068 |
| triterpenoid saponin anthranilates from albizia grandibracteata leaves ingested by primates in uganda. | three new oleanane-type triterpene saponins (1-3), named grandibracteosides a-c, were isolated from the methanolic extract of leaves of albizia grandibracteata, a species consumed by primates in the kibale national park, uganda. the structures of the saponins were established using 1d and 2d nmr experiments and mass spectrometry and confirmed by acid and alkaline hydrolysis. the crude extract and the pure compounds showed significant inhibitory activity against kb and mcf7 tumoral cell lines in ... | 2005 | 15974615 |
| population genetic analysis and sub-structuring of theileria parva in uganda. | in recent years the population structures of many apicomplexan parasites including plasmodium spp., toxoplasma gondii and cryptospordium parvum have been elucidated. these species show a considerable diversity of population structure suggesting different strategies for transmission and survival in mammalian hosts. we have undertaken a population genetic analysis of another apicomplexan species (theileria parva) to investigate the levels of diversity of this parasite and the role of genetic excha ... | 2005 | 15760662 |
| resistance in vivo of plasmodium falciparum to co-trimoxazole in western uganda. | in the context of the 'integrated management of childhood illnesses' (imci) programme the world health organization recommends treating children in malarious areas presenting with fever and respiratory symptoms with co-trimoxazole. in order to verify its effectiveness in uncomplicated plasmodium falciparum malaria we carried out a study in vivo in western uganda: 180 children under 5 years old were enrolled and treated with 40/8 mg/kg/d co-trimoxazole over 5 d, and 159 could be followed on days ... | 1998 | 9764333 |