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isolation and pharmacological characterization of a phospholipase a2 myotoxin from the venom of the irian jayan death adder (acanthophis rugosus).1. it has long been thought that death adder venoms are devoid of myotoxic activity based on studies done on acanthophis antarcticus (common death adder) venom. however, a recent clinical study reported rhabdomyolysis in patients following death adder envenomations, in papua new guinea, by a species thought to be different to a. antarcticus. consequently, the present study examined a. rugosus (irian jayan death adder) venom for myotoxicity, and isolated the first myotoxin (acanmyotoxin-1) from a ...200312540524
antibody titer has positive predictive value for vaccine protection against challenge with natural antigenic-drift variants of h5n1 high-pathogenicity avian influenza viruses from indonesia.vaccines are used in integrated control strategies to protect poultry against h5n1 high-pathogenicity avian influenza (hpai). h5n1 hpai was first reported in indonesia in 2003, and vaccination was initiated in 2004, but reports of vaccine failures began to emerge in mid-2005. this study investigated the role of indonesian licensed vaccines, specific vaccine seed strains, and emerging variant field viruses as causes of vaccine failures. eleven of 14 licensed vaccines contained the manufacturer's ...201525609805
isolation and characterisation of p-eptx-ap1a and p-eptx-ar1a: pre-synaptic neurotoxins from the venom of the northern (acanthophis praelongus) and irian jayan (acanthophis rugosus) death adders.the neurotoxicity observed following death adder envenoming has been thought to be solely due to the presence of potent post-synaptic neurotoxins. clinically, these effects are often poorly reversed by death adder antivenom or anticholinesterase, particularly when patients present with established paralysis. this suggests that either the post-synaptic neurotoxins are irreversible/'pseudo' irreversible, or the venom contains pre-synaptic neurotoxins that do not respond to antivenom. to support th ...201020488165
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