Publications

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composition of some urinary calculi of ruminants in western australia.forty ruminant urinary calculi, selected as being essentially inorganic and mainly obtained from sheep grazing in the drier wheatbelt areas of western australia, were examined by optical and x-ray diffraction techniques. four mineral types-silica (sio2-nh2o), weddellite (cac2o4-2h2o), calcite (caco3) and aragonite (caco3)--were found. these minerals were present respectively in 30, 17, 13 and 1 of the 40 calculi examined and were the sole component in 12, 0, 7, and 0 calculi. one calculus was fo ...1976193170
brucella ovis in merino rams in western australia. 1979464944
congenital progressive ovine muscular dystrophy in western australia. 1979518429
temporary infertility in merino ewes grazing improved pastures in western australia.a temporary infertility was observed in flocks of ewes on a commercial property at kojonup in western australia. during 1970 evidence of oestrogenic stimulation of the ewes was recorded. two possible explanations of the cause of the condition are discussed.1979533491
plasma thyroxine concentrations in grazing sheep in several areas of australia.plasma thyroxine concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay in plasma samples from 691 lactating ewes in 26 areas of new south wales, queensland, western australia and tasmania. sheep sampled in new south wales and tasmania had significantly lower plasma thyroxine values (4.0 and 4.3 microgram/100 ml respectively) than those sampled in queensland and western australia (5.4 and 5.3 microgram/100 ml respectively). however, sheep in some districts in southern queensland also had low plasma th ...1978567054
white muscle disease of sheep and associated tissue selenium levels in western australia.white muscle disease of sheep occurs in western australia as distinct syndromes in lambs and weaner sheep. mean liver selenium concentrations of lambs and weaners with wmd and unaffected by wmd were 0.19 and 0.46 ppm, and 0.20 and 0.41 ppm (dry weight) respectively. there was considerable overlap between levels suggesting that selenium status was not the only factor involved in the development of wmd.1977612322
the species of flies reared from struck sheep in western australia. 1978687291
testicular pathology of merino rams.the scrotal contents of 2,281 merino rams of wide age range examined at 3 abattoirs in perth, western australia, showed a 40% prevalence of rams with 1 or more gross lesions. the percentage prevalence of gross lesions found on autopsy were: adhesions 21, testicular atrophy/hypoplasia 14, testicular calcification 13, congenital cyst of the epididymis 6, cryptorchidism 4, chronic epididymitis/scrotal abscesses 2, varicocoele 2, testicular aplasia less than 1, seminoma less than 1. the prevalence o ...1978743044
perinatal lamb mortality in western australia. 6. listeric infection.listeric abortion was diagnosed in sheep on 14 occasions between 1963-65, and 4 of these were associated with other major abortion pathogens. except for infection in one district, the outbreaks were scattered sporadically over the southern agricultural area. the diagnosis in 1963 was the first time listeriosis had been found in animals or man in western australia. l. monocytogenes was readily recovered in pure culture from all organs and sites cultured. all the strains were serotype 5 ivanov, wi ...1975809029
the prevalence of sarcosporidiosis in australian meat animals.the prevalence of sarcocystis infectious in tasmanian sheep, cattle and pigs was assessed during february 1974. serological results indicated that over 90% of sheep and cattle were infected. macroscopic sarcocysts were found in 0.6% of lambs, 8.8% of 2- to 6-tooth (1 to 4 years old) sheep and 66% of full-mouth (4 years and older) sheep. the minimum prevalence in pigs, as determined by microscopic examination of muscle tissues, was 1.4% for animals less than 12 months old and 16.7% for animals ol ...1975812465
polioencephalomalacia of sheep and cattle.polioencephalomalacia was confirmed histologically in western australia in sheep from 100 farms and cattle from 14 farms during the period 1965 to 1974. the condition affected sheep and cattle in good physical condition of all ages, throughout the year. mortality rates in sheep flocks ranged from less than 1% to in excess of 10% and occurred under a number of management systems.1977849216
ovine cysticercosis in the albany region of western australia. 1. survey of tapeworms of rural dogs.a survey of the cestode infections of 304 dogs from 134 properties in the albany area of western australia was performed. purgation was induced by oral administration of arecoline and the purge examined for cestodes. the cestodes found and their infection rates were: dipylidium caninum 16.4%; taenia spp 36.5%; t. ovis 8.9%; t. hydatigena 15.1%; t. pisiformis 15.1%; t. serialis 2.3%; echinococcus granulosus 0.7%; questionnaires completed on 133 of the 134 properties at the time the dogs were purg ...1976985232
ovine cysticercosis in the albany region of western australia. 2. trial control program.the effect of a program to control teania ovis cysticercosis was investigated on 32 adjacent farms at mt manypeaks in western australia. farmers were advised not to feed dogs any raw sheep meat or offal and they were supplied with sufficient cestocide to treat all their dogs every 2 months. other aspects such as the need for control of the movement of dogs and the correct disposal of offal from home killing of sheep were discussed and recommendations made. the success of the program was determin ...1976985233
incidence of cysticercus ovis in sheep and lambs at albany, western australia.a record was made of the prevalence of cysticercus ovis in sheep and lambs killed at albany, waroona and geraldton from 1970 until 1973. detailed dissection of 292 carcases which had passed routine inspection revealed c. ovis in 60 (20.5%). a record of all c. ovis cysts found during routine boning of 102,262 carcases which passed normal inspection showed 10.4 cysts per 100 carcases, and in 6,863 carcases rejected for export because of the presence of c. ovis an average of 24.0 cysts per 100 carc ...1976985239
congenital bovine epizootic arthrogryposis and hydranencephaly in australia. distribution of antibodies to akabane virus in australian cattle after the 1974 epizootic.at the end of the 1974 epizootic of bovine congenital arthrogryposis and hydranencephaly in south-eastern new south wales, an australia-wide serological survey (about 4,000 serums) was made to determine the ditribution of cattle possessing serum neutralising antibodies against akabane virus. eighty per cent of the serums from cattle in northern australia (western australia, northern territory, and queensland) were positive. a detailed study in the epizootic area in new south wales (particularly ...19761016149
perinatal lamb mortality in western australia: 5. vibrionic infection.vibrionic abortion was diagnosed in sheep on 48 occasions between 1963-65 and 3 of these were associated with other major abortion pathogens. the outbreaks were scattered throughout the agricultural area of western australia. time-of-death of 91 infected lambs was: ante-parturient death 50.5%, parturient death 13.2% and post-parturient death 36.3% (deaths occurring immediately after death 28.6%, deaths delayed after death 2.2%, and late post-parturient death 5.5%). the majority of lambs had gros ...19751164266
zamia palm (macrozamia reidlei) poisoning of sheep.sheep mortalities caused by the ingestion of leaves of the zamia palm (macrozamia reidlei) were recorded from 6 properties in western australia from 1966 to 1971. deaths occurred in sheep less than 2 years of age and involved from 2 to 9% of the flock. the primary lesion was acute hepatic necrosis, neurological effects were not recorded. the condition was reproduced experimentally when crushed kernel, mascerated leaf or leaf extract was administered by stomach tube.19751167137
perinatal lamb mortality in western australia. 7. congenital defects.four hundred and one malformed lambs were examined during a 3-year investigation into the causes of perinatal lamb mortality. frequence of involvement of the various body systems was: musculo-skeletal 55.4%, digestive 12.7%, cardiovascular 9.7%, uro-genital 7.1%, nervous 6.0%, special senses 3.5%, integument 3.2%, and endocrine 1.5%. a third of the defects (32.9%) involved more than one body system. there was a sex difference of 3 males: 2 females. the common defects in the lambs autopsied in or ...19751172430
a pathological and bacteriological abattoir survey of the reproductive tracts of merino ewes in western australia.macroscopic examination of 487 ewe reproductive tracts from 18 different sources was made at perth abattoirs. of these, 194 were examined microscopically and 217 bacteriologically. observations were made during march to may, when ewes were not grazing oestrogenic pasture. significant lesions in ovaries or oviducts were rare. macroscopic cysts were found in the uterus or cervix of 159 ewes (32.7%). microscopic lesions, including uterine or cervical cysts and squamous metaplasia or goblet cell hyp ...19751180775
wimmera rye grass toxicity in western australia.outbreaks of wimmera rye grass toxicity in the south-west of western australia, and the associated distribution of wimmera rye grass parasitised by anguina sp and corynebacterium sp were investigated. between 1970 and 1974, 58 outbreaks occurred on 26 farms in sheep and cattle grazing pasture, cereal crop, stubble, screenings, or hay containing parasitised wimmera rye grass. morbidity rates up to 77% were observed. clinical signs were characterised by staggering, collapse, periods of convulsions ...19751220656
losses of sheep following adverse weather after shearing. 19921642598
the effects of arctotheca calendula (capeweed) on digestive function of sheep.the effects of arctotheca calendula (capeweed) on digestive function in the rumen, caecum and colon of sheep were studied. three groups of 2-year-old merino wethers were compared: 13 grazing capeweed-free pasture for 23 days; 8 fed 700 g of lucerne hay daily for 18 days, and 13 fed 6 kg of freshly cut capeweed (dry matter 11.3%) daily for 7 days. capeweed did not cause diarrhoea and based on measurements of products of fermentation in the rumen, the plants were as nutritious as pasture containin ...19911776934
a cross-sectional study to show eperythrozoon ovis infection is prevalent in western australian sheep farms.a serological survey and risk factor study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of eperythrozoon ovis infection in western australian weaner sheep, the prevalence of farms with infected sheep, and to identify factors affecting initiation and maintenance of infection on the farm. the study was conducted on 91 farms, purposively chosen from 41 randomly selected regional shires stratified by sheep number and rainfall zones. twenty sheep were selected systematically from a mixed-sex flock on eac ...19911883295
a survey of farmers' attitudes to services provided by consulting veterinarians to the western australian sheep industry.a postal survey was conducted of 80 sheep farmers in the kojonup and esperance districts of western australia to establish what they wanted from a veterinary service. twenty five of the farmers surveyed used a sheep consultant, 25 did not, and 30 were interested in employing one. farmers were asked questions about themselves and their attitudes to private veterinarians who provide specialist services to sheep farmers. data reported here showed that farmers wanted a veterinarian who lived in the ...19911888311
kikuyu poisoning in goats and sheep. 19902222368
deaths in sheep exported by sea from western australia--analysis of ship master's reports.mortality reports were studied for 181 shipments of live sheep from western australia to the middle east and singapore in 1985 and 1986. samples of pelleted feed for 93 shipments were analysed for quality. overall death rate in the 6.46 million sheep exported in the period of the study was 2.18%. in sheep bound for the middle east, most of the deaths occurred during the voyage (overall rate 1.7%, range 0.4-4.4% per shipment), although substantial mortality was recorded during discharge (rate 0.4 ...19892730480
ovine listeriosis in south coastal western australia. 19892775066
pre-embarkation risk factors for sheep deaths during export by sea from western australia.truck-drivers and previous owners of sheep from 133 farms (lines of sheep) were asked for information on possible risk factors for inappetance during lot-feeding and for shipboard mortality during 5 voyages to the middle east. there was no consistent association between a number of factors prior to trucking or during trucking to the feedlot and inappetance during lot-feeding or mortality aboard ship. the factors included: whether sheep were bred or purchased by the owner, whether sheep were mixe ...19892818357
an epidemiological study of sheep deaths before and during export by sea from western australia.a study was conducted to record the deaths that occurred during export, and to examine the temporal pattern of pellet feeding in the feedlot and ascertain the variation in mortality between groups of sheep from different farms. between november 1985 and april 1987, 5 cohorts of sheep were selected on arrival at a feedlot before live export by sea from western australia to the middle east. each cohort consisted of 4,118 to 9,612 merino wethers from 15 to 35 farms (lines). there were few deaths du ...19892818370
bluetongue, epizootic haemorrhagic disease of deer and related viruses: current situation in australia.since 1975 3 serotypes of bluetongue (bt) virus (btv) have been identified in australia: btv1 (csiro156), btv20 (csiro19) and btv21. at present 2 further bt viruses (dpp90 and dpp192) have been isolated from the blood of healthy cattle in the northern territory (nt) and are undergoing identification. there is serological evidence for btv15 infection in western australia (wa) and the nt, and a background level of serological activity to btv serotypes 1 to 17. in addition, over 50 isolations of ep ...19852989863
experimental infection with murray valley encephalitis virus. pigs, cattle, sheep, dogs, rabbits, macropods and chickens.a total of 142 young animals including 10 domestic and 14 feral pigs, 12 hereford calves, 12 crossbred and 24 merino lambs, 11 dogs, 8 domestic and 16 feral rabbits, 14 grey kangaroos, 9 agile wallabies and 12 chickens was exposed to infection with 4 strains of murray valley encephalitis virus (mve), mainly using orally infected culex annulirostris mosquitoes. in terms of their viraemic response, the animals were grouped into high (grey kangaroos, rabbits), moderate (pigs, dogs, chickens) and lo ...19852990398
climate and the distribution of intestinal trichostrongylus spp. of sheep.the relative prevalences of trichostrongylus vitrinus, t. colubriformis and t. rugatus in sheep in south-west western australia were examined for evidence of associations with climatic conditions in different localities. the region has a mediterranean-type climate with hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters. the intestinal trichostrongylus spp. populations in sheep sampled comprised 50% t. vitrinus, 38% t. colubriformis and 12% t. rugatus. the prevalence of t. vitrinus was negatively correlated ...19883347988
poisoning of sheep and goats by tribulis terrestris (caltrop). 19873426473
neurological disease and lipofuscinosis in horses and sheep grazing trachyandra divaricata (branched onion weed) in south western australia.a severe paretic syndrome accompanied by intense neuronal lipofuscinosis is described in sheep and horses exposed to trachyandra divaricata. this is a newly recognised toxic hazard for grazing livestock in the coastal region of the south west of western australia. animals appear to become affected over a period of weeks when summer conditions induce a scarcity of alternative feed. the disease is discussed in relation to its recent documentation in south africa where the plant is indigenous.19873619788
a survey of ovine dermatophilosis in western australia.a random sample of 200 merino sheep owners was interviewed by telephone during april 1983 and asked questions relating to the prevalence of ovine dermatophilosis in their flocks, methods used for prevention and treatment of dermatophilosis, management strategies employed and the location and annual rainfall of each farm. the response rate was 99.5%. during the previous 12 months 62.3% of farmers had observed dermatophilosis in their flocks. the prevalence within flocks was highest in hoggets (me ...19853834898
prevalence and distribution of caseous lymphadenitis in feral goats.a total of 2,920 feral goats from pastoral areas of western australia were examined and the prevalence of caseous lymphadenitis was estimated to be 7.8 +/- 0.9% in goats presented for slaughter. head, body and visceral lesions were present in 49.3%, 46.7% and 12.3% of affected goats, respectively. a comparison with previously reported data from sheep has been made and significant differences are discussed. lung lesions were relatively uncommon in goats, whereas the distribution of carcase lesion ...19863964142
the prevalence of ovine brucellosis in cull merino rams in western australia. 19854026724
discovery of the tick haemaphysalis longicornis in western australia. 19854062732
perinatal lamb mortality in western australia. 1. general procedures and results. 19744447527
perinatal lamb mortality in western australia. 2. non-infectious conditions. 19744447528
perinatal lamb mortality in western australia. 3. congenital infections. 19744447536
perinatal lamb mortality in western australia. 4. neonatal infections. 19744447537
selenium and ewe infertility in western australia. 19724664362
effect of selenium on wool production body weight and mortality of young sheep in western australia. 19715106531
eperythrozoon ovis infection in western australia. 19695389533
perinatal lamb mortality in a merino flock in western australia. 19705463957
investigations of ovine brucellosis in merino rams of western australia. 19705529756
predators and perinatal mortality of lambs in western australia. 19695812805
a serological survey for bluetongue virus antibody in western australia.a serological survey was carried out to detect specific (serotype 20) and a group bluetongue virus antibody in cattle and sheep serums collected in western australia during the period january 1 1978 to june 30 1979. of 18,849 cattle serums examined by the gel diffusion precipitin test (gdpt), 9.7% were positive and 6.1% gave doubtful results. all 1949 sheep serums tested were negative. precipitin antibody was demonstrated in 22.5% of serums from kimberley cattle and 3.6% of cattle serums from th ...19806261730
serological studies of australian and papua new guinean cattle and australian sheep for the presence of antibodies against bluetongue group viruses.following isolation of a virus (csiro19) from insects in australia and its identification as bluetongue virus serotype 20 (btv20), a nationwide survey of antibodies in cattle and sheep sera was undertaken. initial studies using the serum neutralization (sn) test showed that the distribution of btv20 antibodies in cattle was confined to the northern part of australia. group-reactive antibody tests (agar gel diffusion precipitin, agdp, and complement-fixation, cf) showed group-reactive cattle sera ...19836306901
anthelmintic resistance and sheep management practices in south western victoria.twenty-eight farms in 7 shires in south western victoria were selected and tested for presence of benzimidazole-resistant nematodes between november 1979 and june 1981. mean faecal egg counts of sheep were less than 100 strongyloid eggs/g on 11 farms. faecal egg count reduction tests were conducted on the remaining 17 farms and thiabendazole was less than 90% efficient in reducing egg counts in sheep from 5 (29%) of these farms. thiabendazole-resistant teladorsagia circumcincta were identified a ...19846508667
an abattoir survey of the prevalence of facial eczema in sheep in western australia. 19836615376
growth of populations of lice, damalinia ovis, on sheep and their effects on production and processing performance of wool.merino sheep were artificially infested with lice, damalinia ovis, and the quantity and processing performance of the wool they subsequently produced was compared with those of wool from uninfested sheep. the experiment was conducted in a winter rainfall region of western australia, and was repeated yearly for three years. louse infestation depressed clean wool production by 0.3-0.8 kg per sheep but did not affect live weight. this represented loss of income to the farmer of about $a0.72 to $a1. ...19827201199
distribution of lesions in ovine weaner nutritional myopathy in western australia. 19807247895
an evaluation of lupinosis in cattle in western australia.a retrospective study of cases of bovine lupinosis submitted to this laboratory, and a trial in which 3 cows, 3 steers and 3 heifers were grazed together on toxic lupin stubbles, were carried out to determine further knowledge of this disease. it was found that what is presently recognised as bovine lupinosis can be divided into 2 distinct entities on the basis of liver pathology. firstly, a fatty liver syndrome, which accounted for most outbreaks of the disease and most deaths, affected late-pr ...19817295236
the epidemiology of squamous cell carcinoma of the perineal region of sheep.a high prevalence of squamous cell carcinoma of the perineal region of ewes was detected in the wheat belt area of western australia. a postal survey of 80 farms was conducted in the area, seeking information on the epidemiology of the condition, based on the farmers identification of the disease, eighty-two per cent of flocks surveyed were affected, the mean prevalence in ewes of all ages being 2.29% (range 0.12% to 4.0%). the prevalence increased with age, from 0.05% in 1- to 2-year-old ewes t ...19817337596
origin of the australian shepherd dog (german collie) 19807353993
pseudomonas pseudomallei isolates collected over 25 years from a non-tropical endemic focus show clonality on the basis of ribotyping.between 1966 and 1991, melioidosis, a disease caused by pseudomonas pseudomallei that is mostly confined to tropical regions, occurred in farm animals and a farmer in temperate south-west western australia. using an escherichia coli probe containing a ribosomal rna operon, p. pseudomallei dna from isolates from 8 animals, a soil sample and the human case showed an identical ribotype on southern blotting. the ribotype was different from the 3 commonest ribotypes seen in tropical australia. this m ...19947523158
soil and agronomic factors associated with cadmium accumulations in kidneys of grazing sheep.mean concentration of cadmium (cd) in kidneys of hogget sheep from 67 flocks grazing in the agricultural region of western australia was tested for association with soil, pastoral, climatic and nutritional factors. hoggets grazing pastures on acidic soils and soils with a sandy-textured surface had higher cd concentrations in kidneys than hoggets grazing pastures on more alkaline soils or soils with a clay-textured surface. application of more than 100 kg of phosphatic fertiliser during the past ...19947702477
isolation of dermatophilus congolensis phage from the 'lumpy wool' of sheep in western australia.a lytic phage with species-specific activity was isolated from wool samples infected with the actinomycete dermatophilus congolensis, the agent of 'lumpy wool', collected from properties in western australia. the physiochemical properties, plaque morphology, host range and particle morphology of the phage isolated were characterized. the isolated phage reduced the cell numbers of dermatophilus congolensis on infected wool samples in vitro. it may therefore have potential as a biocontrol agent of ...19957766113
genetic characterization of isolates of giardia duodenalis by enzyme electrophoresis: implications for reproductive biology, population structure, taxonomy, and epidemiology.the nature and extent of genetic variation in giardia was used to infer its mode of reproduction, population structure, taxonomy, and zoonotic potential. ninety-seven isolates of giardia duodenalis, from a defined area in western australia and throughout australia and overseas, were obtained from humans, cats, cattle, sheep, dogs, goat, beaver, and rats. enzyme electrophoresis revealed extensive genetic variation with 47 different zymodemes. the widespread occurrence of certain zymodemes and the ...19957776122
characterisation of australian ovine adenovirus isolates.we have characterised two groups of adenoviruses isolated from sheep in australia. restriction endonuclease maps for enzymes bamhi, clai, sali, smai and sphi have been determined for the genome of ovine adenoviruses related to bovine adenovirus serotype 7 (bav 7) from sheep in western australia. although previously serotyped as bav 7 these isolates are different from bovine isolates of bav 7 based on comparison with published restriction endonuclease profiles and maps of bav 7 cattle isolates. a ...19947975153
the prevalence of lice (bovicola ovis) infested sheep flocks in western australia (1987-1993) 19947986194
new infection with corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis reduces wool production.the effect of natural corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infection on wool production and quality in sheep was examined in light of evidence that artificial c pseudotuberculosis infection causes wool production loss. a toxin elisa was used to identify sheep that had been infected with c pseudotuberculosis. greasy and clean fleece weights and fibre diameter were compared in infected and uninfected sheep. c pseudotuberculosis infection caused a 3.8 to 4.8% decrease in greasy wool production and a ...19948166614
the prevalence of lice (bovicola ovis) infested sheep flocks in western australia (1987-1993)the proportion of wool bale brands with a positive test for sheep lice in baled wool decreased from 29.5% in 1987/88 to 23.2% in 1990/91 before increasing to 38.2% in 1992/93. changes in the proportion of wool bale brands with a positive test for lice were highly correlated with changes in the wool market price indicator. the increase in the proportion of positive lice tests since 1990/91 was associated with an increase in failures to eradicate lice from flocks. these failures were partly a cons ...19948198510
epidemiology of salmonellosis in the live sheep export industry.salmonellosis in sheep was studied on 7 commercial voyages from australia to the middle east and in one animal house study. faecal excretion of salmonellas was not a good indicator of pathological changes in the gastrointestinal tract. the ratio of the proportion of sheep excreting salmonellas to the proportion with histological lesions of salmonellosis ranged from 1:1 to 23:1. increasing excretion rates in our studies indicated that most sheep would be exposed to infection, although deaths from ...19938240171
enzootic ataxia in red deer, cervus elaphus. 19938257325
sampling ryegrass to assess the risk of annual ryegrass toxicity.most stock losses caused by annual ryegrass toxicity occur because stockowners unknowingly allow their stock to graze annual ryegrass (lolium rigidum) infected with the bacterium clavibacter toxicus. to help stockowners avoid losses we have developed criteria for a testing service to determine the risk of poisoning before the pasture is grazed. low, medium and high risk categories were selected using samples of dry, mature ryegrass seedheads collected by stockowners from untreated, infected past ...19938368964
the ecology of haemonchus contortus in a winter rainfall region in australia: the development of eggs to infective larvae.the seasonal pattern of development of haemonchus contortus eggs to infective larvae was investigated on the south coast of western australia. sheep faeces containing h. contortus eggs were deposited on pasture plots at intervals over a 3-year period, and pasture grass and faeces were sampled periodically for infective larvae (l3). the maximum recoveries occurred in late autumn and in late spring, when adequate moisture coincided with warm temperatures. larval development was low and sporadic ov ...19938447070
the ecology of haemonchus contortus in a winter rainfall climate in australia: the survival of infective larvae on pasture.at sites near albany, on the south coast of western australia, sheep faecal pellets containing either eggs or infective larvae (l3) of haemonchus contortus were deposited onto natural pasture plots at intervals over 3 years. faecal and pasture samples were collected periodically and processed to detect l3. on annual pasture plots, l3 were recovered for from 10 to over 20 weeks from depositions made between autumn and early spring, at which time temperatures were mild or low, rainfall was frequen ...19938447071
sarcocystis spp in western australian sheep. 19938494527
genetic analysis of clavibacter toxicus, the agent of annual ryegrass toxicity.multilocus enzyme electrophoresis was used to examine the relatedness of 52 isolates of clavibacter toxicus, the agent of annual ryegrass toxicity. these included 37 western australian (wa) field isolates sampled in 3 distinct locations over a 2-year period, and 15 isolates sampled from 6 different host plant species in 3 states in australia over approximately 8 years. seventeen reference strains for the related genera curtobacterium, rhodococcus and arthrobacter were examined for comparison. th ...19968870638
contagious ecthyma in the live sheep export industry.to investigate control options for contagious ecthyma (scabby mouth) in australian sheep exported live to the middle east.19968894037
continued freedom from bluetongue virus infection in cattle and sheep in western australia south of latitude 26 degrees s. 19968937679
normal expression of adhalin and merosin in ovine congenital progressive muscular dystrophy. 19979088516
shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli isolates from cases of human disease show enhanced adherence to intestinal epithelial (henle 407) cells.shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) strains are a diverse group of organisms which are known to cause diarrhea and hemorrhagic colitis in humans. we have recently described a large food-borne outbreak of stec disease caused by contaminated semidry fermented sausage (a. w. paton, r. ratcliff, r. m. doyle, j. seymour-murray, d. davos, j. a. lanser, and j. c. paton, j. clin. microbiol. 34:1622-1627, 1996). stec strains belonging to several o serotypes were isolated from the contaminated f ...19979284155
dieldrin in sheep. 19979404621
differentiation of australian isolates of mycobacterium paratuberculosis using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.to examine strain variation amongst australian isolates of mycobacterium paratuberculosis.19979469224
severity and persistence of footrot in merino sheep experimentally infected with a protease thermostable strain of dichelobacter nodosus at five sites.to test the hypothesis that ovine footrot associated with a thermostable protease strain of dichelobacter nodosus undergoes self cure or is sustained as an annually recurring disease, depending on the environment.19989578765
molybdenum poisoning in feedlot cattle.to describe a case of acute, fatal molybdenum poisoning in feedlot cattle. description of the herd: in total, 831 hereford, hereford x angus, and hereford x simmental steers, aged 8 to 10 months, with an average body weight of 310 kg were fed a diet, to which sodium molybdate at a rate of 1.9% of the total ration had been accidently added.19989631705
ovine johne's disease: the risk associated with sheep imported into western australia.to assess the risk of johne's disease not being detected in sheep imported from new south wales into western australia.19989741723
combining data from morphological traits and genetic markers to determine transmission cycles in the tape worm, echinococcus granulosus.species of echinococcus (cestoda: taeniidae) require 2 mammalian hosts to complete their life-cycle; a carnivorous definitive host, and a herbivorous or omnivorous intermediate host. for most species of echinococcus, the definitive host range is restricted to 1 or a few species, but the intermediate host range is very broad. programmes to control hydatid disease attempt to break the life-cycle of the parasite and their effectiveness is therefore enhanced by an understanding of local patterns of ...19989778641
the return to coree: the surgical connection.samuel wilson purchased coree in 1865. in 1874 he donated 30000 pound sterling to melbourne university to build the wilson hall, used for ceremonial occasions including medical graduation. samuel mccaughey purchased coree in 1881. in 1919 he left large bequests used by sydney university to found the first chair of surgery. this was held by frances percival sandes from 1921 to 1928. david mccaughey died of general peritonitis at coree in 1899, his son samuel married una mckellar who was thomas du ...199910030818
the epidemiology of melioidosis in australia and papua new guinea.melioidosis was first described in australia in an outbreak in sheep in 1949 in north queensland (22 degrees s). human melioidosis was first described from townsville (19 degrees s) in 1950. melioidosis is hyperendemic in the top end of the northern territory (nt) and as in parts of northeastern thailand it is the commonest cause of fatal community-acquired septicemic pneumonia. in the 9 years since 1989 the prospective nt melioidosis study at royal darwin hospital (12 degrees s) has documented ...200010674639
animal melioidosis in australia.melioidosis was first diagnosed in australia in sheep in 1949. while it has been considered endemic in tropical australia, there have been animal outbreaks in southwest western australia and southern queensland. infection occurs in many species, with both latency and a wide range of clinical manifestations. some species may develop melioidosis only if immunocompromised. sheep and goats are particularly susceptible, resulting in the requirement for pasteurisation of tropical commercial goat's mil ...200010674644
mortality of sheep exported by sea: evidence of similarity by farm group and of regional differences.to determine whether mortality of sheep exported by sea is similar for sheep from the same farm exported in different years or is associated with the region of origin.199910685168
occurrence of different strains of dichelobacter nodosus in new clinical lesions in sheep exposed to footrot associated with multi-strain infections.to investigate the occurrence of s1, u1 and t strains of dichelobacter nodosus in new clinical lesions in sheep exposed to footrot associated with multi-strain infections.200010840576
sensitivity and specificity of two serological tests for the detection of ovine paratuberculosis.to determine the sensitivity and specificity of an absorbed elisa and an agid test for the detection of clinical and subclinical paratuberculosis in sheep.200011194475
ovine johne's disease in australia--the first 20 years.to review the history of ovine johne's disease in australia.200111549048
the detection and recovery of erysipelothrix spp. in meat and abattoir samples in western australia.to investigate the occurrence of erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae and other erysipelothrix spp. in abattoir and meat samples in western australia.200211972687
dna tests in prolific sheep from eight countries provide new evidence on origin of the booroola (fecb) mutation.recent discoveries that high prolificacy in sheep carrying the booroola gene (fecb) is the result of a mutation in the bmpib receptor and high prolificacy in inverdale sheep (fecx(i)) is the result of a mutation in the bmp15 oocyte-derived growth factor gene have allowed direct marker tests to be developed for fecb and fecx(i). these tests were carried out in seven strains of sheep (javanese, thoka, woodlands, olkuska, lacaune, belclare, and cambridge) in which inheritance patterns have suggeste ...200212021074
the estimated prevalence of johne's disease infected sheep flocks in australia.to estimate the likely geographical distribution and flock-prevalence of ovine johne's disease (ojd) in australia.200212537142
ovine abortion due to salmonella typhimurium in western australia. 196514337689
molecular diversity of rumen methanogens from sheep in western australia.the molecular diversity of rumen methanogens in sheep in australia was investigated by using individual 16s rrna gene libraries prepared from the rumen contents obtained from six merino sheep grazing pasture (326 clones), six sheep fed an oaten hay-based diet (275 clones), and five sheep fed a lucerne hay-based diet (132 clones). a total of 733 clones were examined, and the analysis revealed 65 phylotypes whose sequences (1,260 bp) were similar to those of cultivated methanogens belonging to the ...200415006742
specificity of absorbed elisa and agar gel immuno-diffusion tests for paratuberculosis in goats with observations about use of these tests in infected goats.to determine the specificity of serological tests that are currently used in veterinary diagnostic laboratories in australia for detection of mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis infection in goats.200315084016
prevalence of caseous lymphadenitis and usage of caseous lymphadenitis vaccines in sheep flocks.to estimate the prevalence of caseous lymphadenitis (cla), determine the current usage of vaccines against cla and to measure the effectiveness of these vaccines on sheep farms.200315084020
effect of mulesing and shearing on the prevalence of effect of mulesing and shearing on the prevalence of erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae arthritis in lambs.to examine the effects of management practices and environment on the prevalence of arthritis in lambs.200315086112
a kinematic, kinetic and electromyographic comparison of stooped sheep shearing techniques and shearing with a sheep manipulator.traditional sheep shearing methods require workers to adopt postures where the trunk is approximately horizontal and held in that position against gravity for long periods of time. the objective of this study was to examine the biomechanics of stooped shearing techniques and to compare the effectiveness of a new sheep manipulator in reducing the frequency of these postures and the changes in low back forces and electromyographic (emg) activity. five male shearers were filmed using three video ca ...200415105075
sheep-farm risk factors for ivermectin resistance in ostertagia circumcincta in western australia.on-farm risk factors associated with ivermectin resistance on sheep farms in western australia were identified from data derived from a postal survey of 235 farmers who had conducted a fecal egg-count-reduction test in 1999, 2000, or both years. a response of 54% was achieved. we developed a logistic-regression model. contributory main effects in the final model were selling 10% more sheep in 2000 than is the usual policy (or = 4.00), farm purchased since 1975 (or = 2.34), and number of winter f ...200415158574
emergency surgical airway training in western australia. 200415310362
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