| epidemiology of diarrhoeal diseases in singapore. | diarrhoeal diseases in the form of bacterial food poisoning are prevalent in singapore. common food poisoning organisms implicated were staphylococcus aureus, non-thypoid salmonellae and vibrio parahaemolyticus. el tor cholera, believed to be introduced through intra-regional trade and travel, occurred sporadically with a common source outbreak, probably food-borne, in september 1978. shigellosis and amoebiasis were mainly confined to areas where poor personal hygiene was prevalent. the incidenc ... | 1979 | 120734 |
| antibodies to rotavirus infection in singapore children. | | 1979 | 232890 |
| chronic diarrhoea in children: a clinical perspective. | chronic diarrhoea in its previously described severe malnourished presentation is not common in singapore. a retrospective study was made of children with chronic diarrhoea between january to september 1990, at the department of paediatrics, national university hospital. chronic diarrhoea in our context included all those who presented with diarrhoea of 7 or more days duration. the age range was one month to 11 years, with 23 males and 13 female patients. approximately half of the patients had a ... | 1991 | 1812335 |
| gastrointestinal infections in singapore children. | acute gastroenteritis is the commonest gastrointestinal disorder in children. it accounted for about 10% of the admissions to a general paediatric unit in singapore. about 5% of total paediatric admissions to all the government hospitals in singapore were due to acute gastroenteritis. some 50% of the cases had no identifiable organism in the stools. most of the remaining cases were due to bacterial or viral infections. the commonest bacteria responsible for acute gastroenteritis nowadays is salm ... | 1991 | 1883188 |
| diarrhoeal problems in southeast asia. | diarrhoea up till now is still a major problem in southeast asia with high morbidity and mortality, particularly among children under 5 years of age, with the peak in children between 6 - 24 months. in indonesia, in 1981, it was estimated that there are 60 million episodes with 300,000 - 500,000 deaths. in the philippines, diarrhoea ranks as a second cause of morbidity (600 per 100,000 in 1974) and second cause of infant mortality (5 per 1,000 in 1974). in thailand, in 1980, the morbidity rate w ... | 1982 | 7163834 |
| a short report on highlights of worldwide development of rix4414: a singaporean experience. | in singapore, we conducted a phase ii randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled dose ranging study using an attenuated human rotavirus vaccine, rix4414. altogether, 2464 healthy infants were recruited. two oral doses of vaccine at 104.7, 105.2 or 106.1 ffu or placebo were administered with routine immunizations at 3 and 4 months of age. seroconversion and 'vaccine take' in the vaccine groups 1-month post dose 2 varied from 76 to 91% and 98 to 100% respectively. vaccine was well tolerated and ... | 2006 | 16600443 |
| immunogenicity, reactogenicity and safety of a diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis-inactivated polio and haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine in a placebo-controlled rotavirus vaccine study. | in recent years, acellular pertussis combination vaccines have facilitated compliance with and coverage of the national immunisation programme in singapore. this phase-ii study (rota-007) evaluated the immunogenicity, reactogenicity and safety of a dtpa-ipv/hib combined vaccine when co-administered with a rotavirus vaccine. | 2008 | 18695765 |
| safety and reactogenicity of dtpa-hbv-ipv/hib and dtpa-ipv/i-hib vaccines in a post-marketing surveillance setting. | combination vaccines have been shown to improve the timeliness of vaccination and vaccine coverage. safety and reactogenicity of combined diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis-inactivated poliovirus and haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine (dtpa-ipv/hib, infanrix ipv+hib, glaxosmithkline biologicals) was assessed in two clinical studies. in study a, 2,590 subjects received dtpa-ipv/hib at 3, 4 and 5 months of age with a booster at 18 months. in study b, 702 subjects received the same schedule ... | 2011 | 21323176 |
| aetiology of diarrhoea in singapore. | stools from acute diarrhoea were investigated for bacterial and viral pathogens. in one study involving 63 young children in a paediatric ward, 70% of the stools were positive for the pathogens looked for of which 37% contained bacteria, 22% viruses and 11% mixed cultures of bacteria and viruses. in another study in which 130 watery stools from routine specimens of patients of all ages were investigated, 36% were positive for pathogens with 11% bacteria, 18% viruses and 7% mixed pathogens. the h ... | 1987 | 3328552 |
| seroepidemiology of rotavirus in singapore. | | 1986 | 2822792 |
| incidence, clinical features and epidemiology of rotavirus gastro-enteritis in hospitalized children. | two hundred and eighteen patients with acute gastro-enteritis (ge) and 67 controls (patients admitted during the period of study for illness other than (ge) were included in this study. their stool samples were subjected to the following tests to detect the presence of rotavirus: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), latex agglutination and electron microscopy. samples positive by any one or more of the above methods were considered positive for rotavirus and were subjected to polyacrylamid ... | 1990 | 1699482 |
| an update of paediatric intussusception incidence in singapore: 1997-2007, 11 years of intussusception surveillance. | understanding baseline epidemiology of intussusception (is) in different geographical settings is important for the safety assessment of rotavirus vaccines. this paper presents is surveillance data from singapore between 1997 and 2007, including the period between november 2005 and december 2007 when rotavirus vaccines (primarily rotarix) were available to newborns in singapore. | 2009 | 19736572 |
| rotavirus vaccines: new drug. rotavirus infection: one case of severe diarrhoea prevented per 100 vaccinated infants. | (1) each year in france, diarrhoea caused by rotavirus kills about 10 infants under three years of age and leads to about 210 hospitalisations per 100 000 children under 5 years of age. (2) two new oral rotavirus vaccines designed for immunisation during infancy are marketed or shortly to be marketed in france for the first time; one is based on a human strain and the other on both bovine and human strains. (3) the vaccine based on a human strain has been tested in a double-blind placebo-control ... | 2007 | 17323513 |
| the epidemiology of paediatric intussusception in singapore: 1997 to 2004. | the world's first rotavirus vaccine, rotashield or rrv-tv, was registered in the us in 1998, but withdrawn within a year because of an observed association with intussusception (is). surveillance for is has consequently become important in safety monitoring of new-generation rotavirus vaccines during development. post-marketing surveillance is also important, and requires the availability of local baseline epidemiology data on is. | 2006 | 17102889 |
| evaluation of rix4414, a live, attenuated rotavirus vaccine, in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial involving 2464 singaporean infants. | at present, no rotavirus vaccine is commercially available for use worldwide. hence, a live, attenuated monovalent vaccine was developed with human strain rix4414 (g1p1a p[8] specificity). vaccination trials involving infants are ongoing in developed and developing countries. | 2005 | 16088807 |
| bacteria, viruses, yeasts and protozoans associated with diarrheal disease in singapore. | labile toxin producing enterotoxic e. coli (etec) were the commonest pathogen isolated from diarrheal stools of hospitalized children (21%) and adults (26%) in singapore. salmonellas ranked a close second in children (19%). other bacterial pathogens were isolated from less than 5% of subjects. blastocystis hominis was detected in 4.3% of diarrheal stools when a simple sedimentation technique was used. cryptosporidium was not detected at all. an analysis of yeast counts in smears of diarrheal and ... | 1995 | 7603751 |
| rotavirus gastroenteritis in singapore children. | | 1983 | 6632809 |