Publications

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phlebotomy practices/needles stick injuries/hepatitis b status/among interns in a dublin hospital.needlestick injury is the most important risk event for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and hepatitis b virus (hbv) transmission to health-care workers. we examined phlebotomy practices, the frequency of needle stick injuries, the reporting of such injuries and hepatitis b status among interns in st james's hospital during a six month period. this study took the form of a questionnaire. the response rate was 100%. 72% had at least one needlestick injury during this time period, 23% had injuri ...19921399472
irish general practice and the human immunodeficiency virus.over a quarter (499) of general practitioners in the republic of ireland were sent a questionnaire on the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. two hundred and fifty eight (51.7%) general practitioners returned completed questionnaires. ninety six respondents (37.2%) had seen at least one hiv positive patient in their practice. in dublin two thirds (67%) of respondents had seen hiv positive patients. a large majority (77.6%) of hiv positive people identified by the survey were attending ...19938225918
hiv-positive patients' experiences of stigma during hospitalization.the aim of this research study was to explore, within an irish context, hiv-positive patients' experiences of hospitalization and particularly their experiences of nursing care. this article reports on one of the dominant themes to emerge in the study--the experience of stigma during hospitalization among persons with hiv. a volunteer sample of 10 former inpatients of hospitals in the republic of ireland's capital, dublin, were interviewed in depth, and the resulting data were analyzed using a q ...200111723915
high rate of human t lymphotropic virus type iia infection in hiv type 1-infected intravenous drug abusers in ireland.serological and molecular analyses of a cohort of hiv-1-infected intravenous drug abusers (ivdas) (n = 103) in dublin, ireland have demonstrated that 15 of 103 (14.6%) were infected with htlv-ii, which is the highest infection rate yet recorded for any european country. restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis of the env region of the provirus demonstrated that the infection involved only the htlv-iia subtype; the htlv-iib subtype was not detected. phylogenetic analysis of the nu ...199910357465
health risk profile of prostitutes in dublin.this study examined the health risk profile of prostitutes in dublin. clinical records of all 150 new prostitutes who attended a drop-in clinic for prostitutes in dublin city during the period 1991-1997 were reviewed. variables examined included: age, use of injectable drugs, human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) status, hepatitis b and c status, presence of sexually transmitted disease (std), cervical cytology. results showed the mean age of the women was 32 years. among those tested, 2.5% were hi ...19989702600
human immunodeficiency virus infection in a dublin general practice.a group general practice in dublin's inner city has had extensive experience of intravenous drug users since the late 1970s. since 1985 a total of 54 human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) seropositive patients have attended the practice, of whom 48 are intravenous drug users, four are the children of drug users and two have been infected through sexual contacts. three patients have developed the acquired immune deficiency syndrome and at least eight have symptomatic hiv disease. sixty per cent of i ...19892555484
the emerging aids epidemic in ireland--clinicopathological findings in 23 early cases.a longitudinal study with follow up to the end of 1989 was carried out on 23 patients with aids who had attended st. james's hospital, dublin, by the end of 1987. until then only 33 cases of aids had been reported in ireland. the patients, all of whom had antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), were predominantly male, young (mean age 31.3 years) and belonged about equally to three major risk groups: homosexuals, intravenous drug abusers (ivda) and haemophiliacs. aids was diagnosed bec ...19902391209
admission for hiv-1 related disease in a dublin hospital 1987-1990.between january 1987 and december 1990, 179 patients (131 men, 48 women) infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) were admitted 408 times to st james's hospital, dublin. one hundred and thirty-two (73.7%) patients were intravenous drug users. the commonest cause of admission was bacterial lower respiratory tract infection (84 patients, 21%). at the time of study 95 (53%) patients fulfilled centers for disease control (cdc) criteria for stage iv disease. hiv antibody status in 26 ...19911782235
follow up of a cohort of intravenous heroin users in north and south central dublin and in dun laoghaire.three studies of intravenous heroin abusers, in electoral wards in the north and south of central dublin and in dun laoghaire, were undertaken in 1982-84. one hundred and one out of the 203 intravenous injectors in these three studies are known to have been tested in dublin for infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and 87 of the 101, or 86% are hiv positive. ninety two had also been tested for hepatitis b infection (hab) and 76 of the 92 were positive for the hepatitis antigen. the ...19921568857
stigmatization among drug-using sex workers accessing support services in dublin.findings from 35 qualitative interviews with drug users who were engaging in or who had engaged in sex work in dublin, ireland, illuminated how, because of a result of felt stigma and internalized shame, they tried to hide their drug use, thus endangering their own lives. this group carried multiple layers of stigma because of sex work, drug use (including injecting drug use), and having contracted human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) or hepatitis c virus (hcv). this stigma was powerfully reinforc ...201121471427
management of hepatitis c among drug users attending general practice in ireland: baseline data from the dublin area hepatitis c in general practice initiative.in ireland, general practice is increasingly providing long-term care for injecting drug users, 62-81% of whom are infected with hepatitis c (hcv). clinical guidelines for the management of hcv among drug users have recently been developed in ireland, and this study aimed to describe hcv care among drug users attending general practice in the greater dublin area, prior to the implementation of the clinical practice guidelines.200717366287
bloodborne virus infections among drug users in ireland: a retrospective cross-sectional survey of screening, prevalence, incidence and hepatitis b immunisation uptake.injecting drug users are at high-risk of bloodborne virus infections including hepatitis c (hcv), hepatitis b (hbv) and hiv.200516094907
the other "irish question".the influence of the roman catholic church on irish society makes it difficult for sex and health educators and hiv/aids prevention efforts. divorce, abortion, consensual sex between consenting adult men, and contraception for those under 18 years is banned in ireland. public opinions and recent court decisions do appear to bring a measure of hope for more lenient attitudes. the trends vary from the recent supreme court case of the 14-year old rape victim being permitted an abortion because sh ...199212317432
candida dubliniensis candidaemia in an hiv-positive patient in ireland.candida dubliniensis was first identified in dublin in 1995 in oral isolates recovered from human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected individuals. although c. dubliniensis has been primarily recovered from the oral cavities of hiv-infected individuals, the number of reports describing its isolation from hiv-negative individuals, including cases of candidaemia, is growing. to date there has only been one report of c. dubliniensis candidaemia in an hiv-infected patient, in this case from the usa ...200211802932
use of a dublin inner city a & e department by patients with known hiv-1 infection.during the period january 1990 to january 1992 260 patients known to be infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) attended the accident & emergency (a & e) department of st james's hospital, dublin. there was a total of 709 visits with a mean annual attendance rate of 2.7, twice that for the general a & e population. eighty-nine per cent of patients were intravenous drug users (ivdus), 9% homosexual/bisexual and 2% heterosexual. known hiv-1 seropositive patients accounted for 0.7 ...19938399503
occupational sharps injuries in a dublin teaching hospital.contaminated sharps injuries pose a risk of infection to health care workers and represent a major workload for hospital occupational health departments (ohds). the aim of this study was to review the epidemiology and management of sharps injuries in an irish tertiary referral centre, which has not been previously described. occupational health records of sharps injuries occurring between january 1998 and december 2000 inclusive were reviewed from the hospital ohd. a total of 332 sharps injuries ...200312846276
documented prevalence of hiv type 1 antiretroviral transmitted drug resistance in ireland from 2004 to 2008.abstract hiv-1-infected individuals with transmitted hiv drug resistance (tdr) begin antiretroviral therapy (art) with a lower genetic barrier to resistance and a higher risk of both virological failure and of developing further resistance. tdr surveillance informs hiv-1 public health strategies and first line art. tdr has not been studied nationally in an irish population. this study includes all new hiv diagnoses from january 2004 to september 2008 from the national virus reference laboratory, ...201121770812
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