| [type 2 human immunodeficiency virus infection (hiv-2) in spain: analysis of the first 50 cases. spanish group for the study of hiv-2]. | infection by the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (hiv-2) is endemic in west africa where it is responsible for many aids cases. hiv-2 has been described in subjects in other countries, mainly in african immigrants, although it may also be found in natives. the first cases of hiv-2 infection were identified in spain in 1988. | 1995 | 7475463 |
| [htlv-ii infection in spain. analysis of 113 cases identified until november, 1994. spanish group for the study of htlv/i/ii]. | htlv-ii is a human retrovirus considered to be responsible for the genesis of some lymphoproliferative and neurologic syndromes. the virus is endemic in some amerindian and african tribes as well amongst injecting drug addicts (ida) in north america and europe. | 1995 | 7475465 |
| sequence analysis of hiv-1 vif gene in spanish isolates. | we have determined the nucleotide sequence of the hiv-1 vif gene in viruses obtained from symptomatic patients of distinct risk groups in madrid. the genetic diversity among the isolates was estimated in 4.6% (+/- 1.4 standard deviation), a similar value to that obtained for the gag gene 3.9% (+/- 0.8 standard deviation) and env 4.1% (+/- 1 standard deviation) (rojas et al., virus res 31, 331-342, 1994). amino acid sequence analysis revealed the presence of hypermutable residues at positions 101 ... | 1995 | 7597807 |
| sepsis in children with human immunodeficiency virus infection. the madrid hiv pediatric infection collaborative study group. | the aims of this retrospective study were to review the frequency and patterns of bacterial sepsis in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus. the charts of 233 human immunodeficiency virus-infected children cared for during a 10-year period in 4 tertiary hospitals in madrid were reviewed. there were 43 episodes of sepsis in 31 (13%) children. twenty of them had acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, 10 were class pa2 and 1 was class p1b. the most common organisms recovered were: nontyp ... | 1995 | 7667058 |
| [epidemiological profile of non-typhi salmonellosis in a hospital in urban madrid (1980-1994)]. | the aim of this study was to describe the epidemiologic profile of non-typhoid salmonellosis at a general hospital in the metropolitan area of madrid. | 1996 | 8756211 |
| epidemiology of hiv-2 infection in spain. the hiv-2 spanish study group. | human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (hiv-2) infection is endemic in west africa, where it is responsible for many cases of aids. hiv-2-infected subjects have been described in other countries, mainly african immigrants, although infection in native individuals has been reported as well. the first cases of hiv-2 infection in spain were identified in 1988. through december 1995, 56 hiv-2 infected individuals have been diagnosed, primarily in large urban areas (23 cases in madrid and 18 in barcelon ... | 1996 | 8793396 |
| campylobacter sepsis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children. the madrid hiv pediatric infection collaborative study group. | | 1997 | 9041612 |
| [risk behaviors for hiv transmission among the recent clients of a syringe-exchange program in madrid, 1993]. | to determine the prevalence of the major risk behavior in hiv transmission (syringe sharing and failure to use condoms) and associated factors among drug injectors recruited for a syringe exchange program (pij) in the city of madrid. | 1996 | 9072510 |
| [serotypes of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in madrid]. | hiv-1 shows high genetic variability, mainly in the genomic region codifying the envelope proteins, which are the most immunogenic. this fact explains the high heterogeneity of antibodies against hiv-1 epitopes. both genetic and serologic diversity has allowed to classify hiv-1 variants in several subtypes (genotypes and serotypes, respectively). the clinical and epidemiological significance of infection caused by each subtype remains to be clarified. | 1997 | 9102487 |
| [7 new cases of hiv-2 infection recognized in madrid in 1996 and 1997]. | the infection with human immunodeficiency virus type-2 (hiv-2) is endemic in western africa, where it is responsible for many of aids cases. in spain, 72 cases with hiv-2 until december 1997 had been reported, mainly in african immigrants. seven of these cases (4 males and 3 females) were identified during 1996 and 1997. five came from western africa and other two were spanish, one from alicant and the other from vigo. only one out of the seven patients presented clinical manifestations (pneumoc ... | 1998 | 9844454 |
| [rapid and slow progression of the infection by the type 1 human immunodeficiency virus in a population of seropositive subjects in madrid]. | the rate of progression to aids in hiv-1 infected subjects is variable, and circumstances associated with more rapid or slow development of severe immunodeficiency might be grouped in three categories; environmental cofactors, host features, and particular virulence of the virus itself. currently, it is not yet clear the the relative impact of each one. | 1996 | 9019602 |
| [the spanish scientific production about human immunodeficiency virus infection/aids. a study through medline (1991-1999)]. | to analyze the research output of spanish authors on human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection/aids. | 2001 | 11734169 |
| [microbiological study of some microorganisms implicated in sexually transmitted diseases among the female prison population]. | background: sexually transmitted diseases (std) are of over greater interest, particularly since the appearance of the human immunodeficiency virus ( hiv) in the last decade. asymptomatic or oligosymptomatic infections are very frequent, overall in women. the aim of this study was to know the prevalence of certain std producing microorganisms in a female penitentiary population, the clinical characteristics and evaluate the risk factors which may be found in this population. methods: one hundred ... | 1996 | 9011204 |
| epidemiology of human t-lymphotropic virus type ii (htlv-ii) infection in spain. htlv spanish study group. | the human t-lymphotropic virus type ii (htlv-ii) has recently been associated with the genesis of some subacute neurological syndromes and, rarely, with atypical t-lymphoid malignancies. the virus is endemic in some amerindian and african tribes, and among intravenous drug users (idus) in north america and europe. given that htlv-ii is transmitted by the same routes as other human retroviruses, the screening of antibodies to htlv-ii in blood donors has became a matter of controversy in some coun ... | 1996 | 8982623 |
| [multicenter transversal study of tuberculosis and drug resistance in madrid (october 1993-april 1994)]. | the aim of this study was to know the demographic profile of the new cases of tuberculosis (tb) and evaluate the current status of resistance to antituberculous drugs in madrid, spain. | 1996 | 8750533 |
| multidrug-resistant tuberculosis outbreak on an hiv ward--madrid, spain, 1991-1995. | beginning in 1990, outbreaks of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (mdr-tb) have been reported in hospitals and prisons in the eastern united states (1). during june 1991-january 1995, mdr-tb was diagnosed in 47 patients and one health-care worker at a 120-bed, infectious disease referral hospital in urban madrid; on april 19, 1995, the spanish field epidemiology training program was asked to investigate this outbreak. this report summarizes the findings of this investigation, which suggested that ... | 1996 | 8602134 |
| [bacteremia due to mycobacterium tuberculosis in patients coinfected with the human immunodeficiency virus]. | since the appearance of aids, bacteremia by mycobacterium tuberculosis is an event described with ever greater frequency. the isolation of m. tuberculosis in blood cultures in patients coinfected by the human immunodeficiency virus and m. tuberculosis may vary the initial clinical diagnosis and confirm the picture as disseminated tuberculosis. | 1993 | 8231398 |
| [tuberculosis in a prison population: a study of 138 cases]. | tuberculosis continues to be a disease of great importance in spain with few data known on prison populations. in the present study an analysis of the incidence and characteristics of tuberculosis in the prison population people is done. | 1993 | 8231396 |
| hodgkin's disease associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection. a clinical study of 46 cases. cooperative study group of malignancies associated with hiv infection of madrid. | hogdkin's disease is not an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids)-defining illness. however, hodgkin's disease associated with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection has a different natural history and therapeutic outcome than in the general population of hodgkin's disease patients. | 1994 | 8168044 |
| [prevalence of hepatitis c virus among hiv-infected patients in area 2 of madrid]. | the evolution of hiv infection, a rapid and fatal illness not long time ago, has become a chronic disease due to the implementation of new antiretroviral treatment. therefore it is essential to focus on the management of concurrent illnesses such as chronic hepatitis c infection, specially as they share common routes of transmission. | 2006 | 16737430 |
| [type-2 human immunodeficiency virus: a study in the central region (communities of madrid and castilla la mancha]. | | 1990 | 2381251 |
| [an epidemiological and immunological study of human immunodeficiency virus infection in the southern area of madrid]. | the clinical characteristics and immunological parameters are characterized in different groups of infection by human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) in patients infected by hiv, and the prognostic markers of survival in patients diagnosed of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). this study was carried out in 312 patients from june 1984 to march 1989. the most common risk group was intravenous drug addicts (ivda) 80.9%. we observed that during the last years there was an increase in the number ... | 1991 | 2063023 |
| [spanish pediatric association. madrid. human immunodeficiency virus infection. spanish multicenter study]. | the results of an epidemiological survey in spain organized by the "spanish pediatric association" of children born to hiv+ mothers from 1981-1989 are presented. the objectives were, a) to document in the different parts of spain the number of hiv+ children born to hiv+ mothers, and b) to identify the risk factors involved in the hiv infection. only in public hospitals, a total of 1938 hiv+ children born to hiv+ mothers were identified. a systematic yearly increase of hiv+ newborns was evident s ... | 1991 | 1929009 |
| [prevalence of infection by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in drug addicts in madrid, over a 5 year period]. | firstly, to evaluate the annual levels of seroprevalence of antibodies against the type i human immunodeficiency virus in a sample of 1,232 intravenous drug users (ivdu) admitted for treatment to a hospital detoxication unit i madrid over a period of 5 years. secondly, attempt to distinguish the existence of variable which differentiate seropositive and seronegative ivdu. | 1991 | 1766279 |
| [risk factors for the heterosexual transmission of hiv from man to woman: a spanish multicenter study]. | the aims of this study were to estimate the rate of heterosexual transmission of hiv in a population of intravenous drug users (ivdu), as to well as to identify the possible risk factors associated. | 1992 | 1608276 |
| [evidence of infection by hiv-2 in madrid (1991)]. | the presence of antibodies against hiv-2 was analyzed in serum samples from high-risk individuals for retrovirus infection, who were seropositives for hiv-1. out of a total of 842 samples, 344 presented positive absorbency and 16, threshold ranges, in an enzymatic immunoassay (eia) designed to detect simultaneously antibodies against hiv-1 and hiv-2. the western blot (wb) analysis confirmed the presence of antibodies against hiv-1 in 324 samples with positive or threshold eia, while it was indet ... | 1992 | 1567945 |
| [why are hiv-infected infants still being born in spain?]. | despite the success of preventive measures against mother-to-child transmission (mtct) of human immunodeficiency virus-1 and -2 (hiv-1 and -2) in developed countries, hiv-infected infants continue to be born. the aim of this study was to evaluate failures in the prevention of mtct and the clinical characteristics of infected infants. | 2007 | 17692255 |
| aids and hemophilia: experience in the la paz hemophilia center. | 435 hemophiliacs are usually being attended in the la paz hemophilia center (madrid, spain). 257 (59%) of these patients have been infected by the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1) because of human plasma derivate substitution therapy. the infection has been more frequent among the severely affected patients and among the most treated patients. 82% of the infected patients are between 14 and 40 years old. by december 1991, 95 (37%) of 257 seropositive patients have developed full-blown aids. ... | 1992 | 1362177 |
| the influence of hiv infection and imprisonment on dissemination of mycobacterium tuberculosis in a large spanish city. | culture-positive cases of tuberculosis (tb) from the urban population of southern madrid and from all the prisons located throughout the city. | 2001 | 11495258 |
| prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) non-b subtypes in foreigners living in madrid, spain, and comparison of the performances of the amplicor hiv-1 monitor version 1.0 and the new automated version 1.5. | plasma specimens collected in 1999 from 32 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1)-infected foreigners living in madrid, spain, were examined for the presence of non-b subtypes. furthermore, plasma viremia was quantified using two different amplicor hiv-1 monitor tests, version 1.0 and the new upgraded and automated version 1.5 (cobas). most patients came from africa, where they most likely had acquired hiv-1 infection through sexual contact. hiv-1 genetic subtyping was based on the phylogen ... | 2001 | 11326002 |
| primary genotypic and phenotypic hiv-1 drug resistance in recent seroconverters in madrid. | transmission of drug-resistant hiv-1 strains is increasing with widespread use of antiretroviral drugs in developed countries. this study examined the prevalence of resistant viruses in recent seroconverters in madrid, spain. | 2001 | 11242181 |
| single- and multidrug resistance mutations to reverse transcriptase and protease inhibitors: human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients from two geographical areas in spain. spanish groups for antiretroviral resistance studies. | to describe the prevalence of genotypic resistance mutations, including single and multidrug resistance (mdr) to reverse transcriptase (rt) and protease (pr) inhibitors in treated and untreated patients from two geographical areas in spain (madrid and galicia). | 2000 | 10881995 |
| [intravenous drug users serologic control: what may be prevented?]. | to report of idu serologic control done in 1997 in comparison with another of 1990, in a health-care area of madrid, spain, focussing to hepatitis b virus prevention. | 2000 | 10721554 |
| [the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus infection and the risk behaviors in the heroin addicts of barcelona, madrid and seville: an example of the advantages of centering studies on addicts and not just on intravenous users]. | the switch from intravenous heroin administration to smoking of heroin might be changed the trends in the prevalence of hiv infection and risk behaviours among spanish users. | 1999 | 10618778 |
| impact of chronic liver disease due to hepatitis viruses as cause of hospital admission and death in hiv-infected drug users. | the life expectancy of hiv-positive individuals has been prolonged in recent years, as a consequence of the wide use of antiretroviral drugs and primary prophylaxis for the most common opportunistic infections. in hiv-positive persons infected parenterally, chronic viral liver disease (cvld), mainly that caused by hepatitis c virus (hcv), is frequently seen. moreover, chronic hepatitis c seems to present a more accelerated course in hiv-infected patients, leading to cirrhosis and liver failure i ... | 1999 | 10098988 |
| [need for systematic hiv serological study during pregnancy]. | to evaluate human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) screening usefulness in pregnancy and to know the prevalence of this infection in an urban area of spain. | 1998 | 9611713 |
| clinicoepidemiologic characteristics, prognostic factors, and survival analysis of patients coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus and leishmania in an area of madrid, spain. | from 1987 to 1995, a retrospective case study was conducted at the ramon y cajal hospital in madrid, spain, a public teaching hospital with 1,100 beds, to determine the clinicoepidemiologic characteristics, survival, and prognostic factors of patients with visceral leishmaniasis (vl) and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. the prevalence of vl in hiv+ patients compared with hiv- patients was studied. epidemiologic, clinical, and parasitologic characteristics, as well as the effects of ... | 1998 | 9574788 |
| [trends in human immunodeficiency virus infection prevalence in homosexual/bisexual men in madrid (1986-1995)]. | we analysed the trend in seroprevalence for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) in homosexual or bisexual men who voluntary requested the test in a sexually transmitted disease/hiv clinic in madrid. | 1998 | 9547732 |
| molecular surveillance of hiv-1 in madrid, spain: a phylogeographic analysis. | the molecular epidemiology of hiv-1 is constantly changing mainly as a result of human migratory flows and the high adaptive ability of the virus. during the last years, spain has become one of europe's main destinations for immigrants and one of the western european countries with the highest rates of hiv-positive patients. using a phylogeographic approach, we have analyzed the relationship between hiv-1 variants detected in immigrant and native populations of the urban area of madrid. our proj ... | 2011 | 21795343 |
| overall trends in cd4 counts and plasma viremia in an urban clinic since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapies. | to assess whether the benefit of highly active antiretroviral therapies (haart) is continuing, a longitudinal retrospective study of cd4 counts and viral load (vl) in a large group of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected subjects was undertaken in madrid. | 2001 | 11843909 |
| [accidents with exposure to biological material contaminated with hiv in workers at a third level hospital in madrid]. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) is an occupational hazard among healthcare professionals accidentally contaminated with hiv-positive blood. this study is aimed at describing the characteristics of the accidents involving blood of hiv-positive patients recorded over a sixteen-year period at a general hospital. | 2004 | 15071981 |
| [rate of infection by blood-borne viruses in active heroin users in 3 spanish cities]. | the objective of this paper was to determine the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), hepatitis c virus (hcv), hepatitis b virus (hbv) and human t lymphotropic virus (htlv) infections in active heroin users in spain. | 2004 | 15144744 |
| prevalence of hiv-1 non-b subtypes, syphilis, htlv, and hepatitis b and c viruses among immigrant sex workers in madrid, spain. | sexually transmitted disease (std) remains a major public health challenge in developed countries, exacerbated by the advent of the hiv epidemic. the objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence of serological markers of syphilis, hiv-1/2, htlv-i/ii, hbv, and hcv infections among immigrant sex workers in madrid, spain and to characterize the hiv-1 variants in seropositive individuals. sera from 762 immigrant commercial sex workers (75.3% from sub-saharan africa, 18.2% from south americ ... | 2004 | 15484270 |
| [prevalence of indirect sharing of drug-injecting paraphernalia in galicia, madrid, seville and valencia [spain]]. | to study drug-injecting practices, particularly indirect sharing of injecting paraphernalia (isip), and sexual risk behavior. | 2004 | 15625046 |
| [prevalences of hepatitis virus coinfection and indications for chronic hepatitis c virus treatment and liver transplantation in spanish hiv-infected patients. the gesida 29/02 and fipse 12185/01 multicenter study]. | the aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence of hiv and hepatitis virus coinfection in the spanish population and to determine the percentage of patients who are candidates for chronic hepatitis c virus (hcv) treatment and liver transplantation within this population. | 2005 | 15970166 |
| htlv infection among young injection and non-injection heroin users in spain: prevalence and correlates. | although some studies have described the epidemiology of infection with hiv or hepatitis b and c in young users in spain - one of the european countries with the highest prevalences - there are no studies of the prevalence of htlv infection and the most important associated factors. | 2006 | 16143565 |
| syncytial giant cell hepatitis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with chronic hepatitis c: 2 cases and review of the literature. | syncytial giant cell hepatitis (sgch) among adult human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients has been rarely described. most cases have been reported in subjects coinfected with the hepatitis c virus (hcv), but its prevalence and outcome remain unknown. we performed a retrospective analysis of all cases of sgch among 332 liver biopsies from hiv-infected patients seen at a tertiary center in madrid, spain, between 1984 and march 2004. two hundred fifty specimens were obtained from hcv-c ... | 2006 | 16949926 |
| impact of antiretroviral treatment-related toxicities on hospital admissions in hiv-infected patients. | while classical opportunistic infections have decreased as the main cause of hospital admission of hiv-infected patients, other conditions including drug-related toxicities seem to have increased. we assessed the proportion of patients with hospital admission due to antiretroviral (arv)-related toxicities over the last 7 years at a single hiv/aids reference institution located in madrid. a total of 1981 consecutive hospital admissions in 1581 different hiv-infected patients were analyzed. nearly ... | 2006 | 16989605 |
| reduction in liver-related hospital admissions and deaths in hiv-infected patients since the year 2002. | since the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart), complications of chronic liver disease (cld) have emerged as one of the leading causes of hospital admission and death among hiv-infected patients with chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) and/or hepatitis c virus (hcv) infections. the impact of cld on hospital admissions and deaths in hiv-infected patients attended at one reference hiv hospital in madrid during the last 9 years was analysed. all clinical charts from january 1996 to de ... | 2006 | 17109686 |
| cytomegalovirus infection in the first year of life in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children: impact on survival and progression of the hiv disease. | cytomegalovirus (cmv) is one of the most common opportunistic infections in aids patients. the aim of this study was to assess the influence of cmv infection in the first year of life and its the impact on survival and progression of the disease. | 2007 | 17392647 |
| outbreak of syphilis, but not of acute hepatitis c, among hiv-infected homosexual men in madrid. | clustered cases of acute hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection, frequently accompanied by sexually transmitted diseases, have recently been reported among men who have sex with men (msm) in several european cities. | 2007 | 17507325 |
| epidemiology and clinical features of tuberculosis in immigrants at an infectious diseases department in madrid. | to perform a comparative analysis of tuberculous immigrants and native-born subjects at a tertiary centre in madrid, spain, from january 1990 to december 2002. | 2007 | 17609052 |
| use of supervised injection facilities and injection risk behaviours among young drug injectors. | to study the use of supervised injection facilities (sifs) as a predictor of safer injecting practices. | 2009 | 19215603 |
| liver complications have reached a plateau as cause of hospital admission and death in hiv patients in madrid. | hospital admissions and deaths due to liver-related complications as result of chronic viral hepatitis are globally on the rise in hiv patients. however, a steady decline in liver-related hospitalizations and deaths has occurred at our hiv clinic in madrid since year 2003. hepatic complications are currently still responsible for 8.7% of all hospital admissions and one-third of in-hospital deaths, with hepatitis c virus infection by far the leading etiologic agent. | 2009 | 19320566 |
| changes in drug resistance patterns following the introduction of hiv type 1 non-b subtypes in spain. | natural genetic variability at the pol gene may account for differences in drug susceptibility and selection of resistance patterns across hiv-1 clades. spread of non-b subtypes along with changes in antiretroviral drug use may have modified drug resistance patterns in recent years. all hiv-1 clinical samples sent to a reference laboratory located in madrid for drug resistance testing since january 2000 were analyzed. the pol gene was sequenced and hiv-1 subtypes were assigned using the stanford ... | 2009 | 19842792 |
| factors determining serologic response to treatment in patients with syphilis. | the goal of this study was to describe the clinical and epidemiologic manifestations of a syphilis outbreak in downtown madrid, spain. because human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-positive patients may be at increased risk of serologic failure during syphilis treatment, analysis of factors determining the response to treatment was performed in a cohort of hiv-positive and hiv-negative patients with syphilis. | 2009 | 19842977 |
| clinical, epidemiological characteristics and indications for liver biopsy and treatment in immigrants with chronic hepatitis b at a referral hospital in madrid. | the increase in immigration from less developed countries to europe has led to an increase in the incidence of hepatitis b infection. the objective of this study was to describe the clinical, epidemiological characteristics and indications for treatment of chronic hepatitis b in a cohort of immigrants, given the relative lack of current evidence. we performed a noninterventional retrospective chart review; different characteristics depending on geographical origin were compared. a case-control s ... | 2011 | 20367791 |
| changing rate of non-b subtypes and coinfection with hepatitis b/c viruses in newly diagnosed hiv type 1 individuals in spain. | abstract immigration from developing regions to western countries has resulted in an increased rate of non-b subtypes in the hiv population. however, it is unclear whether these hiv variants remain confined to foreigners or are already spreading among natives. since many immigrants come from regions in which hepatitis b virus (hbv) and hepatitis c virus (hcv) are endemic, hiv-hepatitis coinfection might be more frequent in newly diagnosed hiv persons. herein, we report changes in the prevalence ... | 2010 | 21039316 |
| detection of hepatitis b virus genotype a3 and primary drug resistance mutations in african immigrants with chronic hepatitis b in spain. | universal vaccination and antiviral therapy have reduced chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) in natives in the western world. however, immigration from high hbv endemic areas continues to maintain a relatively stable prevalence of chronic hepatitis b in most developed countries. | 2010 | 21177673 |
| causes of death in pediatric patients vertically infected by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in madrid, spain, from 1982 to mid-2009. | effective therapies have increased life expectancy of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected pediatric patients. we investigated the underlying causes of death, mortality, and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) rates in hiv-infected pediatric patients in madrid, spain. | 2011 | 21326134 |
| acute hepatitis c outbreak among hiv-infected men, madrid, spain. | to the editor: in the past decade, hepatitis c virus (hcv) has emerged as a sexually transmitted infection (sti) among hiv-infected men who have sex with men (msm). the epidemic was originally reported in several northern european countries (england, france, germany, and the netherlands) (1) and soon after in australia (2) and the united states (3). acute hcv acquisition was associated with group sex, unprotected receptive anal intercourse, and according to some studies, concomitant sti (4). mol ... | 2011 | 21801652 |
| the burden of neglected hiv-2 and htlv-1 infections in spain. | hiv-2 and htlv-1 infections are globally less frequent than those produced by hiv-1, the classical aids agent. in spain and up to the end of 2014, a total of 310 cases of hiv-2, 274 of htlv-1, and 776 of htlv-2 infections had been reported. no cases of htlv-3 or htlv-4 infections have been identified so far in spain. most persons infected with hiv-2 or htlv-1 acknowledge epidemiological risk factors for contagion, such as originating from or living in endemic regions and/or having had sexual par ... | 2015 | 26616845 |
| hiv-2 and htlv-1 infections in spain, a non-endemic region. | the annual workshop of the spanish hiv‑2/htlv study group was held at the instituto de salud carlos iii in madrid on december 11, 2013. nearly 100 experts and researchers in retroviruses other than hiv‑1, the classical aids agent, convened for a one‑day meeting devoted to updating knowledge on the epidemiology of hiv‑2 and htlv-1 infections and discussing new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, with special attention to non‑endemic regions such as spain. the group was funded 25 years ago and ... | 2014 | 25180694 |
| molecular, epidemiological and infectivity characterisation of a mycobacterium tuberculosis strain prevalent in madrid. | the most prevalent strain of mycobacterium tuberculosis in madrid, spain (strain 5) was recovered from 45 cases between 1997 and 2004 and showed a highly homogeneous genetic composition. this strain was not exclusive to spain, and its spoligotyping signature (st20) was found in entries from different countries in the sitvit1 database. patients infected with strain 5 were more frequently positive for human immunodeficiency virus and autochthonous, and had been in prison more frequently, but strai ... | 2007 | 17825090 |
| liver cirrhosis in hiv-infected patients: prevalence, aetiology and clinical outcome. | liver disease is frequently seen in hiv+ patients as a result of coinfection with hepatitis b (hbv) or c (hcv) viruses, alcohol abuse and/or exposure to hepatotoxic drugs. the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of liver cirrhosis, its main causes and clinical presentation in hiv+ patients. observational, cross-sectional, retrospective study of all hiv+ individuals followed at one reference hiv outpatient clinic in madrid. liver fibrosis was measured in all cases using transient elast ... | 2008 | 18233989 |