| aids knowledge, attitude and behaviour patterns among university students in ibadan, nigeria. | this study investigated the knowledge, attitudes and personal behaviours of university students on aids. two hundred and fifty students from the university of ibadan randomly selected from eight faculties were surveyed. results indicated that 58.7% of the subjects knew that aids is caused by a virus but 72.6% thought the disease could be spread through kissing, hugging or shaking hands and 48.0% believe they cannot have aids. most students showed a high degree of aversion to aids victims while a ... | 1994 | 7625299 |
| evidence of serological cross-reactivities with human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 and human t-lymphotropic virus types i and ii in sera of pregnant women in ibadan, nigeria. | our previous studies have indicated that the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and human t-lymphotropic virus (htlv) groups of retroviruses are endemic among various populations in nigeria. these viruses are antigenically distinct and antibodies to hiv and htlv do not cross-react, so we studied the prevalence of hiv-1, hiv-2, htlv-i and htlv-ii antibodies in sera of pregnant women attending an antenatal clinic in ibadan, nigeria. | 1995 | 7797344 |
| isolation of herpes simplex virus from sexually transmitted disease patients in ibadan, nigeria. | despite the public health importance of herpes simplex virus infection in nigeria, attempts have not been made to isolate and identify the virus. | 1994 | 7974067 |
| a clinicopathological study of orbito-ocular diseases in ibadan between 1991-1999. | to describe the pattern of ocular diseases seen during the study period. retrospective review of surgical pathology and cytology records from january 1991 to december 1999. reference was also made to case notes where necessary. a total of 225 orbital and ocular surgical pathology specimens were reviewed. one hundred and twenty-five (56.8%) were from males and 100 from females (ratio: 1.3:1). over 50% of the specimens were obtained from children and young adults less than 20 years of age. there w ... | 2003 | 15032469 |
| the prevalence of toxoplasma infection among pregnant women in ibadan, nigeria. | the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women from the inner area of ibadan was determined by the dye test. two hundred and seventy-three of the 352 women (78%) had dye test titres of 1/16 or greater with 165 (47%) having titres of 1/128 or greater. in contrast, 42 of 192 pregnant women (22%) from the swansea area of the uk were dye test positive with only six (3%) having titres of 1/128. the possibility that reinfection or recrudescence is responsible for maintaining high antibody level ... | 1992 | 1560485 |
| prevalence of active pulmonary tuberculosis in human immunodeficiency virus seropositive adult patients in university college hospital, ibadan, nigeria. | infection with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) has reached a pandemic proportion. there is a resurgence of tuberculosis (tb) worldwide, this return of an old enemy has been attributed to a number of factors among which hiv infection has emerged as the strongest known risk factor determining the outcome of infection with mycobaterium tuberculosis (m. tuberculosis). pulmonary tuberculosis (ptb) accounts for more than 80% of tb cases and is the main problem on account of its frequency and infect ... | 2002 | 15027773 |
| pattern of active pulmonary tuberculosis in human immunodeficiency virus seropositive adult patients in university college hospital, ibadan, nigeria. | fifty-eight confirmed hiv-seropositive adult patients were studied. all subjects were interviewed and examined. subjects with positive respiratory symptoms and signs had their sputum examined and cultured for mycobacterium tuberculosis (m. tuberculosis). their chest radiograph, full blood count (fbc) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (esr) were also estimated. subjects with pulmonary tuberculosis were treated using directly observed therapy short course (dots) regimen. sixty-three percent of su ... | 2002 | 12518925 |
| killer virus strikes fear. | government officials insist that acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) is nonexistent in nigeria. however, 2324 cases of aids have already been reported from 18 other african countries. it is possible that aids has not yet been reported in nigeria because of the lack of adequate diagnostic and surveillance equipment. surveys have indicated that nigerians lack knowledge about aids; many believe the disease is an omen for a return to biblical morality. the absence of reported cases of aids ... | 1987 | 12341247 |
| intraepithelial and invasive squamous neoplasms of the conjunctiva in ibadan, nigeria: a clinicopathological study of 46 cases. | to retrospectively evaluate the clinicopathological features, treatment modalities and factors affecting prognosis in patients with both conjunctival intraepithelial and invasive squamous neoplasms. | 2009 | 18784902 |
| beliefs and perceptions about hiv infection and aids among mothers of infants in ibadan, nigeria. | in view of the growing importance of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in nigeria, 221 mothers were interviewed by means of semi-structured questionnaires in an infant welfare clinic in ibadan, nigeria, about their perceptions and beliefs about hiv/aids infection with particular emphasis on how the infection could be acquired, how the risk of its acquisition can be reduced and whether how children could be infected. the findings re ... | 2002 | 12081342 |
| systematized hiv/aids education for student nurses at the university of ibadan, nigeria: impact on knowledge, attitudes and compliance with universal precautions. | this paper reports the findings of a study which examines changes in a group of bachelor of science (bsc) nursing students' perceptions, knowledge of and attitudes towards human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (hiv/aids), accruing from attempts at a systematized education for the cohort. based upon a 3-month study of 141 registered nurses enrolled in a bsc nursing programme at the university of ibadan, nigeria, it investigates alterations in knowledge and attitudes resu ... | 2000 | 10964190 |
| asymptomatic bacteriuria among hiv positive pregnant women. | the prognostic significance of asymptomatic bacteriuria resides in the observation that the prevalence is, relatively, high in persons with certain medical conditions, such as diabetes mellitus and pregnancy. this prevalence might, even, be higher in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. hence, this study set out to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria among symptom free and newly enrolled hiv infected pregnant women attending pmtct unit of antiretroviral clinic o ... | 2010 | 21178431 |
| perceptions about sexual abstinence and knowledge of hiv/aids prevention among in-school adolescents in a western nigerian city. | abstract: background: young people are becoming increasingly exposed to the risk of hiv infection. according to the 2008 hiv/syphilis sentinel survey in nigeria, 3.3% of young people aged 15-19 years are infected. primary prevention especially abstinence, remains one of the most realistic interventions for reducing further spread of the virus. however, the adoption of sexual abstinence as a prevention strategy among adolescents remains low and factors influencing its practice among urban young p ... | 2011 | 21569416 |
| clinico-epidemiological patterns of hiv infection in std patients in ibadan. | the hiv-seropositive subjects identified among the std clinic patients seen at a special treatment clinic between 1989 and 1990 were studied to determine the epidemiological and clinical trends of hiv infection in these patients, and to demonstrate any association between the stds and hiv- seropositivity. thirty-seven out of the 581 patients investigated have been confirmed hiv-seropositive by western bolt. the prevalence of hiv infection was 6.4%. anti-hiv-1 antibody prevalence (3.6%) was highe ... | 1995 | 8886145 |
| doctors at risk of hepatitis b and hiv infection from patients in nigeria. | the aim of this study was to assess the degree of residents' concern about acquiring hepatitis b virus (hbv) and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection from their patients at the university college hospital, ibadan, nigeria. we surveyed 149 resident doctors. the response was 89%. nine per cent of the resident doctors reported percutaneous exposures to needles contaminated with blood of patients infected with hbv or hiv. eighty per cent of the residents experienced moderate to major concern ... | 1996 | 8691398 |
| isolation and characterization of a new subtype a variant of human immunodeficiency virus type i from nigeria. | we have isolated a new variant of hiv-1 from nigeria, africa. the virus was recovered from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) of an apparently healthy 23-year-old male from ibadan, nigeria. the in vitro studies indicated that the virus was highly cytopathic and replicated well in normal pbmcs, established t-cell lines and the monocytic cell line u937. the highest replicative titre of the virus was obtained in freshly isolated primary macrophage/monocyte cells which also showed the le ... | 1996 | 8673828 |
| some epidemiological features of the human t-cell lymphotropic virus type i (htlv-i) and atl in nigerians. | with a seroprevalence rate (spr) of 6%-10% among healthy adult blood donors (abd), nigeria and other african locales represent an endemic zone for htlv-i. we studied spr in patients with leukaemia, lymphomas, solid tumours, and chronic disorders, as well as in groups of men and women with varying sexual lifestyles. serum specimens were screened with elisa and then confirmed with western blot (wb). sexual practices were investigated among volunteers of different sexual backgrounds by means of a q ... | 1994 | 8152310 |
| sequence analysis of the glycoprotein 120 coding region of a new hiv type 1 subtype a strain (hiv-1ibng) from nigeria. | a new subtype a strain of hiv-1, designated hiv-1 ibng, was isolated from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) of an hiv-seropositive, but healthy, 23-year-old blood donor from ibadan, nigeria. analysis of the envelope-encoding sequences of hiv-1 strains isolated from the major centers of the aids pandemic has identified at least 9 distinct hiv-1 genetic clusters or clades, tentatively designated as a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, and o. the gp120-coding region of hiv-1 ibng was characterized. ... | 1994 | 7888238 |
| hiv seropositivity in nigerians with lymphoproliferative malignancies. | one hundred and four nigerians with lymphoproliferative malignancies were tested for antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 (hiv-1 and 2). all the patients with high grade lymphomas in this series were seronegative for hiv-1 and 2. only 1 of the 104 patients had antibody to hiv-1 and none had antibody to hiv-2. although the single positive result would suggest a higher hiv-1 seropositivity rate among the patients compared with the general nigerian population, it should be inter ... | 1993 | 7839934 |
| sexually transmitted diseases in ibadan in the 1990's: hiv infection--an additional dimension. | five hundred and fifty-one patients attending the special treatment clinic (stc) of the university college hospital, ibadan, between january 1989 and july 1990 were investigated for the common sexually transmitted diseases to determine the current relative prevalence rates of these infections. the patients were also investigated for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. of the 551 patients, 384 (69.9%) were diagnosed as having sexually transmitted diseases. the most frequent stds were go ... | 1994 | 7653404 |
| hiv infection among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in nigeria. | respiratory problems like pneumocystic carinni and pulmonary tuberculosis (ptb) are among the common opportunistic infections in patients with hiv/aids. the risk of acquiring mycobacterium tuberculosis in a community becomes greater with increase in the number of hiv positive persons with active tuberculosis. this study was carried out to determine the magnitude of hiv infection among ptb patients in different parts of nigeria as part of the year 2000 national hiv surveillance programme. blood s ... | 2006 | 18050780 |
| orofacial lesions in 126 newly diagnosed hiv/aids patients seen at the university college hospital, ibadan. | human immune deficiency virus (hiv) infection is one of the most devastating infection in modern times. oral manifestations of hiv infection occur in approximately 30-80% of patients infected with this virus and the factors, which predispose to these lesions include: cd4 count less than 200 cells/mm, viral load, xerostomia, poor oral hygiene and smoking. these manifestations have subsequently become important entry criteria for: clinical trials of various therapeutic regimes, prophylaxis of hiv ... | 2006 | 17209335 |
| predictors of condom use among sexually active persons involved in compulsory national service in ibadan, nigeria. | migration is known to increase the risk of heterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) in sub-saharan africa, but little attention has been paid to fresh graduates of tertiary institutions who are on migration for compulsory national assignment in nigeria. in july and august 2004, a survey was conducted on sexually active men (n = 344) and women (n = 373) to investigate determinants of condom use during national service. sixty-eight percent of men and 41% of women reported co ... | 2007 | 16997898 |
| pattern of presentation of tuberculosis and the hospital prevalence of tuberculosis and hivco-infection in university college hospital, ibadan: a review of five years (1998 - 2002). | a 5-year review (1998-2002) was done at the pulmonary unit of the university college hospital (uch), ibadan, nigeria to determine the pattern of presentation of tuberculosis (tb) and the prevalence of tb and human immunodefiency virus (hiv) co-infection. a total of one thousand patients were managed for tb but 777 confirmed as having tb had their case files analysed. there were 418 males and 359 females giving a male to female ratio of 1.16:1.00. pulmonary tuberculosis (ptb) accounted for 78.6% ... | 2005 | 16752660 |
| demographic factors in hiv infected patients seen at uch, ibadan, nigeria. | there is a rising rate of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection in nigeria. good knowledge of the demographic characteristics of the patients with hiv/aids may be of great importance in understanding its epidemiology in nigeria and could facilitate efforts at curtailing the spread of the infection. the study was planned to determine the demographic factors in nigerian patients with hiv infection. the study was conducted at the university college hospital (u.c.h), ibadan, located in the so ... | 2005 | 16749365 |
| mother-to-child transmission of different hiv-1 subtypes among arv naïve infected pregnant women in nigeria. | the rate of mother-to-child transmission (mtct) of hiv as well as the implications of the circulating multiple subtypes to mtct in nigeria are not known. this study was therefore undertaken to determine the differential rates of mtct of hiv-1 subtypes detected among infected pregnant women before arv intervention therapy became available in nigeria. twenty of the hiv-positive women who signed the informed consent form during pregnancy brought their babies for follow-up testing at age 18-24 month ... | 2006 | 16699628 |
| evaluation of modified short course chemotherapy in active pulmonary tuberculosis patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection in university college hospital, ibadan, nigeria--a preliminary report. | over the period, 1st october 1999 to 30th april 2002 a clinical trial of the modified short-course chemotherapy (scc) in newly diagnosed cases of pulmonary tuberculosis with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection in ibadan, nigeria was carried out. the modified scc used was adopted by world health organisation (who)/international union against tuberculosis and lung diseases (iualtd) for developing countries and also by the nigerian national tuberculosis and leprosy control programmed (ntlc ... | 2004 | 15819474 |
| sexually transmitted diseases seen in a nigerian tertiary institution. | surveillance of sexually transmitted diseases (stds) and human imunodeficiency virus (hiv) infections among high risk groups is an important strategy for the control of the diseases which occurrence have been on the increase worldwide. the objective of this study is to provide a descriptive epidemiology of the pattern of stds among clinic attendees at a special treatment clinic (stc) of the university college hospital (uch), ibadan. | 2004 | 15587837 |
| oro-facial lesions and cd4 counts associated with hiv/aids in an adult population in oyo state, nigeria. | the objective of this study was to define the oro-facial lesions associated with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) in an adult population in oyo state, nigeria and to relate these with the level of immune suppression as measured by the cd4 counts. | 2004 | 15533205 |
| association between hiv/aids and malignancies in a nigerian tertiary institution. | following the outbreak of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection in 1981, there has been a widespread increase in the incidence of many malignancies including non-hodgkin's lymphoma, cervical carcinoma and kaposi's sarcoma. the scarcity of reports linking hiv infection with malignancies in nigeria necessitated this study. we prospectively screened one hundred patients with various forms of malignancies seen at the university college hospital ibadan, nigeria between october 2001 and jun ... | 2004 | 15287296 |
| human immuno-deficiency virus (hiv) infection among oral surgery patients at the university college hospital, ibadan, nigeria. | the human immuno-deficiency virus is a world-wide epidemic and evidence abound that the infection is spreading rapidly in sub-saharan africa with little or no control. nosocomial transmission of hiv in the dental surgery has been documented. this study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of hiv among dental patients undergoing extraction at the university college hospital, ibadan. three hundred patients requiring dental extraction at the dental clinic, uch, ibadan who consented were enrol ... | 2003 | 15030083 |
| abdominal ultrasonography in hiv/aids patients in southwestern nigeria. | though the major target of the hiv-virus is the immune system, the frequency of abdominal disorders in hiv/aids patients has been reported to be second only to pulmonary disease. these abdominal manifestations may be on the increase as the use of antiretroviral therapy has increased life expectancy and improved quality of life. ultrasonography is an easy to perform, non invasive, inexpensive and safe imaging technique that is invaluable in africa where aids is most prevalent and where sophistica ... | 2008 | 18312644 |
| prevalence of hepatitis b and c seropositivity in a nigerian cohort of hiv-infected patients. | the clinical and public health implications of the convergence of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) epidemic and chronic viral hepatitis in sub-saharan africa are poorly understood. this study was designed to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis b virus (hbv) and hepatitis c virus (hcv), and the impact of co-infection on baseline serum alanine transaminase (alt), cd4+ t lymphocyte (cd4) count, and plasma hiv-rna (viral load) in a cohort of hiv-infected nigerians. | 2008 | 18626434 |
| trends in transfusion-transmitted viral infections from 2001 to 2006 in ibadan, nigeria. | screening of blood before transfusion is an effective strategy to reduce transfusion-transmitted viruses. however, reports on viral marker trends among the donor population are scarce. this study looked at trends in the seroprevalence of hepatitis b (hbv) and c (hcv) and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). | 2009 | 19321928 |
| human immunodeficiency virus postexposure prophylaxis at ibadan, nigeria. | hiv infection from occupational and nonoccupational exposures can be prevented through risk assessment and management with antiretroviral drug therapy (art). this study sought to examine the pattern of presentation and outcome of clients who were given postexposure prophylaxis (pep) at the university college hospital, ibadan, nigeria. a retrospective review of case notes of clients presenting for hiv pep from january 2005 to december 2006 was carried out. a total of 48 clients with a mean age of ... | 2010 | 20357035 |
| genital ulcers disease among sexually transmitted disease clinic attendees in ibadan, nigeria. | genital ulcer disease (gud) is a risk factor in the transmission of human immuno deficiency virus (hiv). the goal of this study is to estimate proportion, identify risk factors, and improve prevention and control of gud. this is a retrospective study of 211 cases of gud seen between 1993 and 1997 in an urban public sexually transmitted disease (std) clinic. genital ulcers form 7.6% of all stds seen. overall, genital herpes was commonest (89 or 42.25%). it was the predominant infection (84 or 44. ... | 2000 | 11379461 |
| human immuno-deficiency virus and hepatitis b virus coinfection in pregnancy at the university college hospital, ibadan. | human immuno-deficiency virus (hiv) and hepatitis b virus (hbv) share common modes of transmission which include blood borne and the vertical routes. although, the natural course of hiv does not appear altered by hbv, the rate of liver-related deaths is several times higher among hiv/hbv co-infected persons. clinicians providing care for hiv positive individuals, including pregnant women, need to be aware of this problem. this is a 2-year cross-sectional study that commenced in january 2006, amo ... | 2010 | 21735996 |
| detection of hiv antigen and cdna among antibody-negative blood samples in nigeria. | in developing countries as many as 50% of patients for whom a transfusion is indicated are at risk of dying immediately if transfusion is withheld. it is therefore important that blood transfusion is made as safe as possible. this study was designed to assess the safety of blood transfusion in two large blood banks in ibadan, nigeria. aliquots of 250 samples already screened and passed as negative for hiv-1 and -2 were collected from each of the blood banks. samples were tested for the presence ... | 2008 | 18243259 |