| etiology of genital ulcer disease and association with human immunodeficiency virus infection in two tanzanian cities. | the etiological agent is usually not established in cases of genital ulcer disease (gud) in tanzania, since diagnosis and treatment of this disease are based mainly on clinical rather than microbiologic parameters. gud increases the risk of infection with hiv. however, the association between specific gud infections and hiv infection has not been fully investigated. | 2003 | 12567167 |
| baseline survey of sexually transmitted infections in a cohort of female bar workers in mbeya region, tanzania. | to determine baseline prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (sti) and other reproductive tract infections (rti) and their association with hiv as well as sociodemographic and behavioural characteristics in a newly recruited cohort of female bar workers in mbeya region, tanzania. | 2003 | 14573833 |
| in-depth, longitudinal analysis of viral quasispecies from an individual triply infected with late-stage human immunodeficiency virus type 1, using a multiple pcr primer approach. | co-infections with more than one human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) subtype appear to be the source of new recombinant strains and may be commonplace in high-risk cohorts exposed to multiple subtypes. many potential dual infections have been identified during the hiv superinfection study in mbeya, tanzania, where 600 female bar workers who are highly exposed to subtypes a, c, and d have been evaluated every 3 months for over 3 years by use of the mhaacd hiv-1 genotyping assay. here we d ... | 2005 | 15956571 |
| surveillance of hiv and syphilis infections among antenatal clinic attendees in tanzania-2003/2004. | this paper presents the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and syphilis infections among women attending antenatal clinics (anc) in tanzania obtained during the 2003/2004 anc surveillance. | 2006 | 16603091 |
| frequency of hiv type 1 dual infection and hiv diversity: analysis of low- and high-risk populations in mbeya region, tanzania. | hiv-1 diversity, frequency of recombinants, and dual infection were determined in two populations with different hiv risk behavior. a high-risk cohort of 600 female bar workers and a normal-risk population of 1,108 antenatal clinic attendees and blood donors were recruited. behavioral data were assessed and blood for hiv- 1 diagnosis and genotyping was sampled. hiv-1 subtypes were defined through the multiregion hybridization assay (mha(acd)). hiv-1 prevalence differed significantly among the tw ... | 2006 | 16831083 |
| class i hla-a*7401 is associated with protection from hiv-1 acquisition and disease progression in mbeya, tanzania. | here we explore associations between hla variation and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) acquisition and disease progression in a community cohort in mbeya, tanzania, a region that, despite harboring high rates of hiv-1 infection, remains understudied. african-specific allele hla-a*74:01 was associated with decreased risk of infection (odds ratio [or], 0.37; 95% confidence interval [ci], 0.14-0.80; p = .011) and with protection from cd4(+) cell counts <200 cells/ul in women (or, 0.31; ... | 2010 | 20923372 |
| defining the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission genetic bottleneck in a region with multiple circulating subtypes and recombinant forms. | the mbeya region of tanzania has a genetically complex hiv epidemic with multiple subtypes and recombinant forms circulating, together with a high frequency of dual infections with more than one subtype. this study aimed to determine whether this impacted the hiv-1 transmission bottleneck. a total of 210 env sequences from 22 participants were generated from recently infected women from mbeya using the single genome amplification approach. participants were infected with subtypes c (n=9), a (n=4 ... | 2011 | 21531432 |