| clostridium difficile colonization and diarrhea at a tertiary care hospital. | clostridium difficile is the major identifiable infectious cause of nosocomial diarrhea. a prospective study was conducted at new england deaconess hospital (boston) to examine risk factors for c. difficile carriage at both admission and follow-up. specimens from patients admitted to two wards (one medical, one surgical) and three intensive care units (two surgical, one medical) were cultured weekly until discharge. for 89 (18%) of 496 patient admissions, at least one culture was positive. the p ... | 1994 | 8161624 |
| epidemiology of community-acquired clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea. | the epidemiology of clinically recognized community-acquired clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea was assessed in a retrospective cohort study of members of a health maintenance organization (hmo). potential cases were identified through positive toxin assay results and confirmed by review of automated full-text medical records. of 51 cases identified (7.7 per 100,000 person-years), 42 (82%) were diagnosed and treated exclusively in the ambulatory care setting; 33 cases occurred within 42 d ... | 1994 | 8277174 |
| clinical and molecular epidemiology of sporadic and clustered cases of nosocomial clostridium difficile diarrhea. | a prospective clinical and molecular epidemiologic study was conducted to define the frequency of nosocomial clostridium difficile patient-to-patient transmission in an urban tertiary referral hospital. patients and | 1996 | 8579084 |
| clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea: epidemiology, risk factors, and infection control. | to evaluate the effectiveness of specific infection control measures on the incidence of clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (cdad) and to identify risk factors for its development. | 1997 | 9309434 |
| antibiotic prophylaxis and the risk of clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea. | to test the hypothesis that extended antibiotic prophylaxis increases the risk of clostridium difficile -associated diarrhoea (cdad), we conducted a retrospective cohort study of 2641 patients under-going cardiovascular surgery. main outcome measures were the duration of prophylaxis (< 48 h vs. > 48 h) and the occurrence of cdad. cdad occurred in 31 patients (1.2%), who were significantly older (70 +/- 9 y vs. 66 +/- 10 y; p = 0.03), received more therapeutic antibiotics (2.2 +/- 1.9 vs. 0.4 +/- ... | 2001 | 11428874 |
| underlying disease severity as a major risk factor for nosocomial clostridium difficile diarrhea. | to determine the diagnostic accuracy of an index of underlying disease severity (horn's index) in identifying patients with a high probability of having nosocomial clostridium difficile diarrhea as a complication of antimicrobial therapy. | 2002 | 12452292 |
| accuracy of icd-9 coding for clostridium difficile infections: a retrospective cohort. | clostridium difficile (c. diff) is a major nosocomial problem. epidemiological surveillance of the disease can be accomplished by microbiological or administrative data. microbiological tracking is problematic since it does not always translate into clinical disease, and it is not always available. tracking by administrative data is attractive, but icd-9 code accuracy for c. diff is unknown. by using a large administrative database of hospitalized patients with c. diff (by icd-9 code or cytotoxi ... | 2007 | 17156501 |
| the emerging infectious challenge of clostridium difficile-associated disease in massachusetts hospitals: clinical and economic consequences. | to estimate the clinical and economic burden of clostridium difficile-associated disease (cdad) in massachusetts over 2 years. | 2007 | 17926270 |
| fulminant clostridium difficile colitis: patterns of care and predictors of mortality. | there exist predictors of mortality and the need for colectomy among patients with fulminant clostridium difficile colitis. | 2009 | 19451485 |
| proposed checklist of hospital interventions to decrease the incidence of healthcare-associated clostridium difficile infection. | the incidence and severity of clostridium difficile infection (cdi) are increasing, and previously described interventions for controlling the spread of cdi are not easily generalized to multiple healthcare institutions. | 2009 | 19751156 |
| iatrogenic gastric acid suppression and the risk of nosocomial clostridium difficile infection. | the incidence and severity of clostridium difficile infections are increasing. acid-suppressive therapy has been suggested as a risk factor for c difficile, but this remains controversial. | 2010 | 20458086 |
| epidemiology and risk factors for clostridium difficile infection in children. | pediatric clostridium difficile infection (cdi)-related hospitalizations are increasing. we sought to describe the epidemiology of pediatric cdi at a quaternary care hospital. | 2011 | 21233782 |
| health care and socioeconomic impact of falls in the elderly. | background: elderly falls are associated with long hospital stays, major morbidity, and mortality. we sought to examine the fate of patients ≥75 years of age admitted after falls. methods: we reviewed all fall admissions in 2008. causes, comorbidities, injuries, procedures, mortality, readmission, and costs were analyzed. results: seven hundred eight patients ≥75 years old were admitted after a fall, with 89% being simple falls. short-term mortality was 6%. male sex, atrial fibrillation, acute m ... | 2012 | 22257741 |
| notice to readers: the effect of falsified clostridium difficile infections surveillance data on results reported in mmwr. | in 2012, mmwr published the report, "vital signs: preventing clostridium difficile infections," which examined clostridium difficile infection (cdi) surveillance data. this report contained several errors pertaining to emerging infections program (eip) data. these errors occurred as a result of scientific misconduct by a former employee of the oregon health authority. the public health service office of research integrity has determined that the former employee falsified or fabricated data for 5 ... | 2015 | 26355659 |
| flooding and clostridium difficile infection: a case-crossover analysis. | clostridium difficile is a bacterium that can spread by water. it often causes acute gastrointestinal illness in older adults who are hospitalized and/or receiving antibiotics; however, community-associated infections affecting otherwise healthy individuals have become more commonly reported. a case-crossover study was used to assess emergency room (er) and outpatient visits for c. difficile infection following flood events in massachusetts from 2003 through 2007. exposure status was based on wh ... | 2015 | 26090609 |