| infection caused by escherichia coli o157:h7 in alberta, canada, and in scotland: a five-year review, 1987-1991. | infections and life-threatening complications due to verotoxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) have been increasingly recognized as a public health problem in recent years. through enhanced surveillance in alberta, canada, and in scotland, 1,993 cases of vtec infection and 115 cases of hemolytic-uremic syndrome (hus) were detected in 1987-1991 in a combined population of more than 7.5 million; there were 24 deaths. the mean annual rates of vtec infection were 12.1/100,000 and 2.0/100,000 for a ... | 1994 | 7893866 |
| surveillance of escherichia coli o157:h7--a necessity for the prevention of an emerging infectious disease. | | 1994 | 7893867 |
| genetic heterogeneity of escherichia coli o157:h7 in scotland and its utility in strain subtyping. | from april 1994 to march 1995, seven outbreaks of escherichia coli o157:h7 infection occurred throughout scotland, including the largest milk-borne outbreak to date worldwide. various vehicles of infection were identified, and there were 144 confirmed cases in total. all isolates associated with the outbreaks were subjected to detailed subtyping: phage typing, testing for carriage of verotoxin genes (vt), and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. the outbreak strains were of three different phage ty ... | 1998 | 10052547 |
| effectiveness of therapeutic plasma exchange in the 1996 lanarkshire escherichia coli o157:h7 outbreak. | the largest number of adult cases of haemolytic uraemic syndrome (hus)/thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (ttp) during an escherichia coli o157 outbreak occurred in 1996 in central scotland. adults who develop hus/ttp induced by e. coli o157 tend to be elderly and have a historical mortality rate of almost 90% when treated conservatively. therefore the decision was made to treat adults who developed hus/ttp during this outbreak with therapeutic plasma exchange (tpe). we report our outcome with ... | 1999 | 10533860 |
| characterization of a recurrent clonal type of escherichia coli o157:h7 causing major outbreaks of infection in scotland. | a particular recurrent clonal type of escherichia coli o157 has been isolated from multiple clinical, veterinary, food, and environmental sources throughout scotland since 1989. significant genotypic variation was detected among isolates from distinct outbreaks, with the presence or absence of single fragments being sufficient to delineate outbreak groups within the clonal type. | 2000 | 10747155 |
| haemolytic uraemic syndrome: prognostic factors. | haemolytic uraemic syndrome (hus) associated with escherichia coli o157:h7 is the commonest cause of acute renal failure (arf) in childhood. production of verotoxin by the organism is pivotal in the pathogenesis of the disease. verotoxin binds to a receptor on blood and endothelial cells, expressed as the p1 blood group antigen on red blood cells. a protective effect of the p1 phenotype has been proposed in this disease. this study investigates prognostic factors and the relationship between out ... | 2000 | 10762298 |
| escherichia coli o157:h7; an economic assessment of an outbreak. | the aim of the study was to assess the impact of an outbreak of escherichia coli o157:h7 that occurred in 1994 in a rural community, with a population of approximately 107,000, to the west of edinburgh. | 2000 | 10774911 |
| a survey of ethnic foods for microbial quality and aflatoxin content. | a range of ethnic foods was examined for their microbiological content in relation to total viable counts (tvc) of aerobic bacteria, counts of presumptive coliforms, yeast and mould counts; presence of salmonella spp., listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli o157:h7 and campylobacter spp.; total enumeration of clostridium perfringens, staphylococcus aureus and bacillus spp.; identification of moulds and the presence of total aflatoxins. samples, which included cereals, nuts, dried fruits, herbs ... | 2001 | 11288910 |
| the central scotland escherichia coli o157:h7 outbreak: risk factors for the hemolytic uremic syndrome and death among hospitalized patients. | little is known about risk factors for complications of escherichia coli o157:h7 infection in adults. the 1996 outbreak in central scotland involved the largest number of adult case patients in whom hemolytic uremic syndrome (hus) developed and, ultimately, the largest number of deaths associated with e. coli o157:h7 infection that has yet been recorded. we investigated risk factors for hus in a retrospective study of all hospitalized case patients in this outbreak. of 120 case patients, 34 had ... | 2001 | 11528561 |
| high-level genotypic variation and antibiotic sensitivity among escherichia coli o157 strains isolated from two scottish beef cattle farms. | escherichia coli o157:h7 is a human pathogen that is carried and transmitted by cattle. scotland is known to have one of the highest rates of e. coli o157 human infections in the world. two hundred ninety-three isolates were obtained from naturally infected cattle and the environment on two farms in the scottish highlands. the isolates were typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) with xbai restriction endonuclease enzyme, and 19 different variations in patterns were found. there was con ... | 2004 | 15466537 |
| cattle, weather and water: mapping escherichia coli o157:h7 infections in humans in england and scotland. | entero-haemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7 is a zoonotic pathogen, responsible for a relatively small number of food poisoning and illness outbreaks each year, when compared with other food-borne bacteria capable of causing infections in the population. nevertheless, e. coli o157:h7 is a bacterial pathogen associated with severe human illnesses including bloody diarrhoea and haemolytic uremic syndrome occurring in both outbreak and sporadic settings. in england and wales approximately 1% of al ... | 2010 | 20642796 |
| prevalence of escherichia coli o157: h7 and serogroups o26, o103, o111 and o145 in sheep presented for slaughter in scotland. | sheep have been proposed as a source of human verocytotoxigenic escherichia coli infection on a number of occasions but few prevalence studies have focused on identifying rates of carriage of these pathogens in this species. the purpose of this work was to establish the frequency of excretion of e. coli of serogroups o157, o26, o103, o111 and o145 in sheep presented for slaughter in scotland and to examine their carriage of known virulence determinants. the study involved microbiological isolati ... | 2011 | 21233295 |