| characterization of poxviruses from forest birds in hawaii. | two strains of avian pox viruses were isolated from cutaneous lesions in hawaiian crows (corvus hawaiiensis) examined in 1994 and a third from a biopsy obtained in 1992 from an infected bird of the apapane species (himatione sanguinea) by inoculation of the chorioallantoic membranes (cam) of developing chicken embryos. the resulting proliferative cam lesions contained eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion bodies characteristic of pox virus infection. the pathogenicity of these three viruses in dome ... | 2000 | 10813603 |
| evaluation of pathogenicity of avian poxvirus isolates from endangered hawaiian wild birds in chickens. | pathogenicity of two avian poxviruses isolated from endangered hawaiian wild birds, the hawaiian goose and the palila, was compared with fowl poxvirus in chickens. immune responses were measured by elisa pre- and postimmunization with hawaiian poxviruses and after challenge with fowl poxvirus. both isolates from hawaiian birds developed only a localized lesion of short duration at the site of inoculation in specific-pathogen-free chickens and did not provide protection against subsequent challen ... | 2006 | 16863084 |
| introduced avian diseases, climate change, and the future of hawaiian honeycreepers. | | 2009 | 19530408 |
| experimental infection of hawai'i 'amakihi (hemignathus virens) with west nile virus and competence of a co-occurring vector, culex quinquefasciatus: potential impacts on endemic hawaiian avifauna. | introduced mosquito-borne avian disease is a major limiting factor in the recovery and restoration of native hawaiian forest birds. annual epizootics of avian pox (avipoxvirus) and avian malaria (plasmodium relictum) likely led to the extinction of some species and continue to impact populations of susceptible hawaiian honeycreepers (drepanidinae). the introduction of a novel pathogen, such as west nile virus (wnv), could result in further population declines and extinctions. during september an ... | 2009 | 19395735 |
| dispersal of culex quinquefasciatus (diptera: culicidae) in a hawaiian rain forest. | introduced mosquito-borne pathogens avian malaria (plasmodium relictum grassi and feletti) and avian pox virus (avipoxvirus) have been implicated in the past extinctions and declines of hawaiian avifauna and remain significant obstacles to the recovery and restoration of endemic hawaiian birds. effective management of avian disease will require extensive mosquito control efforts that are guided by the local ecology of the vector culex quinquefasciatus say (diptera: culicidae). during october and ... | 2008 | 18714858 |
| prevalence and distribution of pox-like lesions, avian malaria, and mosquito vectors in kipahulu valley, haleakala national park, hawai'i, usa. | we determined prevalence and altitudinal distribution of introduced avian malarial infections (plasmodium relictum) and pox-like lesions (avipoxvirus) in forest birds from kipahulu valley, haleakalā national park, on the island of maui, and we identified primary larval habitat for the mosquito vector of this disease. this intensively managed wilderness area and scientific reserve is one of the most pristine areas of native forest remaining in the state of hawai'i, and it will become increasingly ... | 2007 | 17984251 |
| landscape factors influencing the spatial distribution and abundance of mosquito vector culex quinquefasciatus (diptera: culicidae) in a mixed residential-agricultural community in hawai'i. | mosquito-borne avian diseases, principally avian malaria (plasmodium relictum grassi and feletti) and avian pox (avipoxvirus sp.) have been implicated as the key limiting factor associated with recent declines of endemic avifauna in the hawaiian island archipelago. we present data on the relative abundance, infection status, and spatial distribution of the primary mosquito vector culex quinquefasciatus say (diptera: culicidae) across a mixed, residential-agricultural community adjacent to hawai' ... | 2007 | 17915520 |
| antigenic and genetic characterization of an avian poxvirus isolated from an endangered hawaiian goose (branta sandvicensis). | an avian poxvirus from cutaneous lesions in a hawaiian goose (branta sandvicensis) was characterized in this study. the virus was isolated by inoculation onto the chorioallantoic membranes (cams) of developing chicken embryos. cytoplasmic inclusion bodies were observed on histopathological examination of cam lesions. western blotting analysis using polyclonal antiserum against fowl poxvirus (fwpv) showed differences from fwpv, but a similar antigenic profile between hawaiian goosepox (hgp) isola ... | 2006 | 16617975 |
| genetic characterization of hawaiian isolates of plasmodium relictum reveals mixed-genotype infections. | the relatively recent introduction of a highly efficient mosquito vector and an avian pathogen (plasmodium relictum) to an isolated island ecosystem with naïve, highly susceptible avian hosts provides a unique opportunity to investigate evolution of virulence in a natural system. mixed infections can significantly contribute to the uncertainty in host-pathogen dynamics with direct impacts on virulence. toward further understanding of how host-parasite and parasite-parasite relationships may impa ... | 2008 | 18578879 |