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serologic evidence of widespread everglades virus activity in dogs, florida.everglades virus (evev), an alphavirus in the venezuelan equine encephalitis complex, circulates among rodents and vector mosquitoes in florida and occasionally infects humans. it causes febrile disease, sometimes accompanied by neurologic manifestations. although previous surveys showed high seroprevalence in humans, evev infections may be underdiagnosed because the disease is not severe enough to warrant a clinic visit or the undifferentiated presentations complicate diagnosis. documented evev ...200617326938
venezuelan equine encephalitis virus infection of cotton rats.venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (veev) is an emerging pathogen of equids and humans, but infection of its rodent reservoir hosts has received little study. to determine whether responses to infection vary among geographic populations, we inoculated 3 populations of cotton rats with 2 enzootic veev strains (co97-0054 [enzootic id subtype] and 68u201 [enzootic ie subtype]). the 3 populations were offspring from wild-caught cotton rats collected in a vee-enzootic area of south florida, usa; wi ...200717953085
influenza a virus (h3n8) in dogs with respiratory disease, florida.in 2004, canine influenza virus subtype h3n8 emerged in greyhounds in the united states. subsequent serologic evidence indicated virus circulation in dog breeds other than greyhounds, but the virus had not been isolated from affected animals. in 2005, we conducted virologic investigation of 7 nongreyhound dogs that died from respiratory disease in florida and isolated influenza subtype h3n8 virus. antigenic and genetic analysis of a/canine/jacksonville/2005 (h3n8) and a/canine/miami/2005 (h3n8) ...200818507900
equestrian injuries in children.equestrian activities are regarded by some as high-risk sports, and our recent experience suggested this to be true. we undertook this study to review our experience with pediatric equestrian injuries.200919159733
prevalence of antibodies to west nile virus and other arboviruses among crested caracaras (caracara cheriway) in florida.we documented the antibody prevalence to three arboviruses, st. louis encephalitis virus (slev), eastern equine encephalitis virus (eeev), and west nile virus (wnv), in crested caracaras (caracara cheriway; n = 80) in florida from 2007 to 2008. antibody prevalence to wnv was higher (9%) than for the other viruses. most seropositive birds were adults (< or =3 yr of age), with 55% of adults testing positive for antibodies to at least one virus. adults were significantly more likely to have antibod ...200919617494
specialty licensure by credentials...beware the trojan horse! 200919714910
environmental risk factors associated with west nile virus clinical disease in florida horses.the objective of this study was to examine the extrinsic risk factors of west nile virus (wnv) clinical disease in florida horses as established from confirmed and negative horses tested within the state from 2001 to 2003. an arboviral case information form (acf) was submitted by a referring veterinarian at the time of testing to the florida department of agriculture and consumer services on every horse suspected of a viral encephalitis in florida. a follow-up survey that focused on arbovirus pr ...200919941601
health concerns of migrant backstretch workers at horse racetracks.backstretch workers are part of an itinerant labor community that cares for horses at racetracks across the u.s. since the 1970s, this workforce has increasingly been composed of migrants, especially from mexico and guatemala. no studies have focused systematic attention on health concerns of this population and how illness is influenced by unique working and living conditions.201020453352
an epidemiologic study of anhidrosis in horses in florida.objective-to estimate prevalence of and identify factors associated with anhidrosis in horses in florida. design-cross-sectional study and case-control study. animals-4,620 horses on 500 farms. procedures-a questionnaire was structured and mailed to farm owners or managers to obtain information related to diagnosis of anhidrosis in horses and exposure factors associated with this condition. the frequency of investigated farm- and animal-level factors was compared between farms and horses affecte ...201020470071
microevolution of canine influenza virus in shelters and its molecular epidemiology in the united states.canine influenza virus (civ) emerged around 2000 when an equine influenza virus (eiv) was transmitted to dogs in florida. after 2003, the canine virus was carried by infected greyhounds to various parts of the united states and then became established in several large animal shelters, where it has continued to circulate. to better understand the evolution of civ since its emergence, and particularly its microevolution in spatially restricted populations, we examined multiple gene segments of civ ...201020943966
infectivity and pathogenicity of canine h3n8 influenza a virus in horses.equine h3n8 influenza a viruses (eivs) cause respiratory disease in horses and circulate among horses worldwide. in 2004, an outbreak of canine h3n8 influenza a virus (civ) occurred among dogs in florida and has spread among dogs in the united states (us). genetic analyses revealed that this civ is closely related to the recent eivs. although civ-infected dogs could be the source of h3n8 influenza a virus for horses, it remains unclear whether the civ circulating in the united states still maint ...201020958928
high prevalence of eee in michigan. 201021090150
assessing permethrin resistance in the stable fly (diptera: muscidae) in florida by using laboratory selections and field evaluations.insecticide resistance in the stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans (l.) (diptera: muscidae),has been demonstrated previously, but mostly with insecticides that are no longer used, such as the organochlorines. resistance to commonly used pyrethroids has been evaluated twice, but only in the midwestern united states. stable fly susceptibility to a commonly used pyrethroid, permethrin, was determined in florida to assess the possibility of resistance development. diagnostic concentration evaluations of ...201021309252
host blood meal identification by multiplex polymerase chain reaction for dispersal evidence of stable flies (diptera:muscidae) between livestock facilities.a species-specific multiplex polymerase chain reaction targeting the cytochrome b gene of cattle, horses, humans, and dogs was developed to determine the blood meal sources of stable flies, stomoxys calcitrans (l.), collected from florida equine facilities. of 595 presumptive blood-fed stable flies analyzed, successful host amplification was obtained in 350, for a field host-detection efficiency of 58.8%. the majority of analyzed stable flies had fed on cattle (64.6%), followed by horses (24.3%) ...201121337948
clarification on language barriers during an outbreak investigation. 201121462598
phylogenetic analysis of eastern equine encephalitis virus isolates from florida.abstract. florida has the highest degree of endemicity for eastern equine encephalitis virus (eeev) of any state in the united states and is the only state with year-round transmission of eeev. to further understand the viral population dynamics in florida, the genome sequence of six eeev isolates from central florida were determined. these data were used to identify the most polymorphic regions of the eeev genome from viruses isolated in florida. the sequence of these polymorphic regions was th ...201121540379
Seasonal abundance of stable flies and filth fly pupal parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) at Florida equine facilities.Beginning in November 2007 and continuing until December 2009, weekly stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.), surveillance was conducted at four equine facilities near Ocala, FL, by using alsynite sticky traps for adults and by searching immature developmental sites for pupae. Adult stable fly trap captures were highly variable throughout the year, ranging from 0 to 1,400 flies per trap per farm. The greatest adult stable fly activity was observed during the spring months of March and April, with ...201121735936
Serological evidence of H3N8 canine influenza-like virus circulation in USA dogs prior to 2004.H3N8 canine influenza virus (H3N8 CIV) was first reported as a novel canine respiratory pathogen in racing greyhounds and shelter dogs in the USA in 2004. Phylogenetic analyses determined that this host-adapted pathogen originated from interspecies transmission of an equine influenza virus (EIV), but it is unknown when the transmission occurred prior to discovery in 2004. The objective of this study was to determine if racing greyhound and shelter dog sera collected from 1984 to 2004 had serolog ...201122178358
the ability of selected pupal parasitoids (hymenoptera: pteromalidae) to locate stable fly hosts in a soiled equine bedding substrate.the ability of spalangia cameroni perkins, spalangia endius walker, and muscidifurax raptorellus kogan and legner to locate and attack stable fly hosts was evaluated under laboratory conditions. postfeeding third-instar stable fly larvae were released and allowed to pupate in two arena types: large 4.8 liter chambers containing a field-collected, soiled equine bedding substrate; or 120-ml plastic cups containing wood chips. at the time of fly pupariation, parasitoids were released and permitted ...201122182616
detection of anaplasma phagocytophilum in ixodid ticks from equine-inhabited sites in the southeastern united states.abstract anaplasma phagocytophilum is a vector-borne, obligate intracellular bacterium that invades the neutrophils and eosinophils of infected individuals, causing granulocytic anaplasmosis. equine cases have previously been reported in the united states from california, florida, and connecticut, but limited surveillance studies in the southeast have been conducted. the objective of this study was to determine a. phagocytophilum prevalence in ixodes scapularis ticks at southeastern u.s. horse ...201222214269
a microsatellite analysis of five colonial spanish horse populations of the southeastern united states.the domestic horse (equus caballus) was re-introduced to the americas by spanish explorers. although horses from other parts of europe were subsequently introduced, some new world populations maintain characteristics ascribed to their spanish heritage. the southeastern united states has a history of spanish invasion and settlement, and this influence on local feral horse populations includes two feral-recaptured breeds: the florida cracker and the marsh tacky, both of which are classified as col ...201222221025
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