| urban epidemic of severe leptospirosis in brazil. salvador leptospirosis study group. | leptospirosis has, traditionally, been considered a sporadic rural disease. we describe a large urban outbreak of leptospirosis. | 1999 | 10485724 |
| detection of anti-leptospira antibodies in captive nonhuman primates from salvador, brazil. | leptospirosis is a widely distributed zoonosis that affects several species of domestic and wild animals. under captive conditions, leptospirosis is a potential problem because the physical conditions in most zoos and research centers cannot prevent the captive animals from being exposed to rodents, raccoons, opossums, and other local wildlife that are known carriers. yet, despite the potential risk, animals that are destined for reintroduction into the wild are not routinely tested for anti-lep ... | 2012 | 22052355 |
| carriage of leptospira interrogans among domestic rats from an urban setting highly endemic for leptospirosis in brazil. | a survey was conducted to identify reservoirs for urban leptospirosis in the city of salvador, brazil. sampling protocols were performed in the vicinity of households of severe leptospirosis cases identified during active hospital-based surveillance. among a total of 142 captured rattus norvegicus (norwegian brown rat), 80.3% had a positive culture isolate from urine or kidney specimens and 68.1% had a positive serum sample by microscopic agglutination test (mat) titre of > or = 1:100. monoclona ... | 2008 | 18721789 |
| impact of environment and social gradient on leptospira infection in urban slums. | leptospirosis has become an urban health problem as slum settlements have expanded worldwide. efforts to identify interventions for urban leptospirosis have been hampered by the lack of population-based information on leptospira transmission determinants. the aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of leptospira infection and identify risk factors for infection in the urban slum setting. | 2008 | 18431445 |
| household transmission of leptospira infection in urban slum communities. | leptospirosis, a spirochaetal zoonotic disease, is the cause of epidemics associated with high mortality in urban slum communities. infection with pathogenic leptospira occurs during environmental exposures and is traditionally associated with occupational risk activities. however, slum inhabitants reside in close proximity to environmental sources of contamination, suggesting that transmission during urban epidemics occurs in the household environment. | 2008 | 18357340 |
| factors associated with leptospira sp infection in a large urban center in northeastern brazil. | leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease that has emerged to cause epidemics in urban communities in developing countries. however, little is known about the infection in the general population. a seroprevalence survey was performed on a random sample of 1,390 subjects in salvador, brazil. data on environmental and socioeconomic factors were collected. the microagglutination test of serum samples was used to show any prior leptospira infection. the overall seroprevalence was 12.4%. among the seroposi ... | 2007 | 17992402 |
| [leptospiral infection and subclinical presentation among children in salvador, bahia]. | the purposes of this investigation were to identify the frequency and risk factors of leptospiral infection among children aged between 2 and 15 years in salvador, bahia, household contacts of patients (index-cases) hospitalized at couto maia hospital due to leptospira interrogans (elisa igm positive). among 148 household contacts from 25 selected index-cases, clinical and epidemiological data were collected and elisa igm and igg were performed in paired sera (between 20 days) from 73 (49.3%). t ... | 2003 | 12806459 |
| [aseptic meningitis syndrome due to enterovirus and leptospira sp in children of salvador, bahia]. | for the purpose of identifying the frequency that enterovirus, leptospires, arbovirus cause aseptic meningitis syndrome (ams) during non-epidemic periods and comparing patients with and without laboratory evidence for an etiologic agent, 112 patients were selected aged between 3 months and 15 years and a clinical suspicion of ams and were referred to couto maia hospital, the infectious and parasitic disease reference center for salvador, bahia. in 44.6% (n=50), the etiologic agent for the diagno ... | 2002 | 12011925 |
| leptospirin - an intradermic test for the diagnosis of leptospirosis. | in the state of bahia (brazil) the leptospirin produced in germany for experimental use by the institute for veterinary medicine, federal health office, berlin, was administered to humans and animals in order to diagnose leptospirosis in collaboration with this institute. the results were compared with the microscopic agglutination reaction. the total number of test persons or animals was 268; this group included 81 human patients. 60 heads of cattle, 50 goats, 40 pigs, 25 horses, and 12 dogs. a ... | 1980 | 7434992 |