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femorofemoral bypass graft: choice or compromise?thirty-one femorofemoral crossover graft procedures were performed in 27 patients who had unilateral limb ischemia either due to unilateral aortoiliac occlusive disease of due to thrombosis of one of the limbs of a previously placed aortic bifurcation graft. there was no operative mortality, and only two patients required late amputation. there have been two late deaths. thrombosis of the femorofemoral graft occurred in five patients. four patients had a second femorofemoral graft, three of whom ...1975123714
rabies surveillance in the united states during 1994.in 1994, 48 states, the district of columbia, and puerto rico reported 8,224 cases of rabies in nonhuman animals and 6 cases in human beings to the centers for disease control and prevention. nearly 93% (7,632 cases) were wild animals, whereas 7% (592 cases) were domestic species. the total number of reported cases decreased 13.4% from that of 1993 (9,498 cases), with most of the decline resulting from 19.2% fewer cases of rabies in raccoons. two previously described epizootics of rabies involvi ...19957493894
rabies surveillance in the united states during 1995.in 1995, 49 states, the district of columbia, and puerto rico reported 7,877 cases of rabies in nonhuman animals and 4 cases in human beings to the centers for disease control and prevention. nearly 92% (7,247 cases) were wild animals, whereas 8% (630 cases) were domestic species. the total number of reported cases decreased 4.2% from that of 1994 (8,230 cases). most of the decline was the result of 17.1% fewer reported cases of rabies in raccoons in areas of the northeast, where rabies is now e ...19968960176
rabies surveillance in the united states during 1997.in 1997, 49 states, the district of columbia, and puerto rico reported 8,509 cases of rabies in nonhuman animals and 4 cases in human beings to the centers for disease control and prevention. nearly 93% (7,899) were wild animals, whereas 7% (610) were domestic species. the total number of reported cases increased 19.4% from that of 1996 (7,128 cases). increases were apparent in each of the major species groups, with the exception of cattle. the relative contributions of these groups to the total ...19989861958
theileria buffeli infection of a michigan cow confirmed by small subunit ribosomal rna gene analysis.theileria buffeli, generally a benign parasite of cattle, has been reported in animals from texas, missouri and north carolina. to date, there have been no reports of the parasite in cattle residing in northern portions of the us. an 8-year-old cow (maine anjou x angus cross-bred) in michigan presented with hemoglobinuria and a packed cell volume of 9. blood films stained with giemsa showed numerous intraerythrocytic parasites morphologically consistent with t. buffeli. the parasite was confirme ...200211900924
antigenic relationship of turkey coronavirus isolates from different geographic locations in the united states.the purpose of the present study was to examine the antigenicity of turkey coronavirus (tcv) isolates from various geographic areas with antibodies to different viruses. seventeen isolates of tcv were recovered from intestinal samples submitted to animal disease diagnostic laboratory, purdue university, from turkey farms located in different geographic areas. the prototype tcv minnesota isolate (tcv-atcc) was obtained from the american type culture collection. intestinal sections were prepared f ...200212061660
molecular epidemiologic features and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of various ribotypes of pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from humans and ruminants.to assess automated ribotyping for characterization of pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates and to identify their type prevalence and geographic distribution.200111400842
infection with bartonella weissii and detection of nanobacterium antigens in a north carolina beef herd.very recently, bartonella organisms have been isolated from large ruminants (deer, elk, and dairy and beef cattle) located in the united states and in france. in this study, we report the serologic, microbiologic, and molecular findings related to the isolation of a bartonella species in north carolina beef cattle and the detection of nanobacterial antigen using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. between august 1998 and september 1999, blood was collected from 38 cattle ...200111230398
evaluation of crossbred calf and cow types for the coastal plain of north carolina.data in this experiment consisted of 418 lactation records, and weaning and birth weight records from 600 crossbred calves. the traits evaluated included birth weight, weaning weight, weaning weight per cow exposed, weaning weight per weight of cow, weaning weight per weight of cow exposed, and predicted milk yield. angus, brangus, and gelbvieh sires were mated to purebred hereford cows. yearling and 2-yr-old angus-hereford, brangus-hereford, and gelbvieh-hereford daughters then were bred to pol ...200010985395
genetic parameters and trends of milk, fat, days open, and body weight after calving in north carolina experimental herds.the main objective of this study was to estimate genetic trends for 3.7% fcm, fat yield, days open, and predicted body weight after calving in six experimental dairy herds owned by the state farm division of the north carolina department of agriculture. body weights were predicted from heart girths measured at or before the first test day after calving. data analyzed were 23,052 records from 8575 cows, daughters of 681 bulls. heritabilities and breeding values were estimated using the multiple-t ...200010877403
intensive livestock operations, health, and quality of life among eastern north carolina residents.people who live near industrial swine operations have reported decreased health and quality of life. to investigate these issues, we surveyed residents of three rural communities, one in the vicinity of an approximately 6,000-head hog operation, one in the vicinity of two intensive cattle operations, and a third rural agricultural area without livestock operations that use liquid waste management systems. trained interviewers obtained information about health symptoms and reduced quality of life ...200010706529
holy cow! what's so sacred about cover gowns? 199910538988
rabies surveillance in the united states during 1996.in 1996, 49 states, the district of columbia, and puerto rico reported 7,124 cases of rabies in non-human animals and 4 cases in human beings to the centers for disease control and prevention. nearly 92% (6,550 cases) were wild animals, whereas 8% (574 cases) were domestic species. the total number of reported cases decreased 9.6% from that of 1995 (7,881 cases). although much of the decline was the result of fewer reported cases of rabies in raccoons, fewer cases were also reported among most g ...19979412679
effects of days dry, previous days open, and current days open on milk yields of cows in zimbabwe and north carolina.effects of days dry and previous and current days open on milk yields during the first three lactations were determined for holsteins from zimbabwe and north carolina. the animal models used included animal; permanent environmental effects of cows for herd-year, month of calving, age, current days open, and dim; and the inverse of additive numerator genetic relationships. model 1 for first lactations included only these effects, but model 2, the animal model for later lactations, included these ...19968744236
procedures used by north carolina dairies for vitamins a and d fortification of milk.new research findings have documented fortification errors in fortified milk products all across the us milk industry. also, the consumption of overfortified bovine milk has led the public to question whether vitamin fortification is safe. therefore, north carolina dairies were surveyed to determine vitamin fortification procedures used and to determine differences among these procedures. of the parameters surveyed, the general conditions under which vitamin preparations were stored, the method ...19968708091
fatal animal attacks in north carolina over an 18-year period.injuries from animals are very common, but fortunately deaths are rare. few studies, however, have evaluated human deaths due to both venomous and nonvenomous animals. utilizing the medical examiner's data base, this study examines deaths due to venomous and nonvenomous wild and domestic animals in north carolina. during 1972-1989, there were 92 deaths reported. seven categories of "type of animal" involved in the attack were developed. deaths were most likely to occur from june through november ...19948074110
comparison of farmers in the agricultural health study to the 1992 and the 1997 censuses of agriculture.the agricultural health study (ahs) is a large, prospective cohort study in the states of iowa and north carolina that has been developed to better understand how pesticides and other agricultural exposures relate to the occurrence of cancer and other diseases.200515927914
effects of calving season and milk yield on pregnancy risk and income in north carolina holstein cows.effects of season of calving and milk yield and their potential interaction on days from calving to last breeding were investigated using survival analysis and an economic model in 2000 holstein cows that calved during 1989 and 1990. the final cox proportional hazards model included lactation number, calving season, and herdmate deviation fcm. the interval from calving to last breeding ranged from 40 to 570 d. compared with cows that calved in fall, cows that calved in summer were two-thirds as ...19947929945
rabies surveillance in the united states during 1993.in 1993, 49 states, the district of columbia, and puerto rico reported 9,495 cases of rabies in nonhuman animals and 3 cases in human beings to the centers for disease control and prevention. greater than 93% (8,889 cases) were wild animals, whereas 6.4% (606 cases) were domestic species. the total number of reported cases increased 9.9% over that of 1992 (8,645 cases), with most of the increase resulting from continued spread of rabies in raccoons (37.1% increase in reported cases over 1992). t ...19947744643
breeding practices on selected north carolina dairy farms.in 1978, 147 north carolina dairy farms were surveyed concerning their breeding practices. average herd size was 121 cows (range 24 to 440). of 17,773 cows 78.5% and of 4,300 heifers 25.5% were bred by artificial insemination. approximately 25% of dairymen indicated they had increased artificial insemination in the past 3 yr, whereas 12% reported less. a bull was used on 88% of farms. herds having the same number of cows but using 100% artificial insemination on the milking herd averaged more da ...19807204711
clarification of the cause of fort bragg fever (pretibial fever) - january 1982. 19827041223
residues of mirex and certain other chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides in beef fat--1971. 19734205627
sources of prototheca spp in a dairy herd environment.a source of prototheca spp causing mastitis in a herd of 263 milking cows in north carolina was investigated. of 38 samples from the dairy environment, 18 (47%) contained prototheca spp. isolation sites included cattle drinking water; a feed trough; mud, dirt, and excreted feces from a dirt lounging area; water, sludge, mud, and vegetation from a creek in the lounging area; and the floor of a freestall barn. samples were collected from 5 additional dairies, including one dairy with and 4 dairies ...19883170330
an epidemic of echovirus 18 meningitis.the first reported outbreak of echovirus 18 meningitis in the united states occurred during the summer of 1972 in durham, north carolina. one hundred three cases of aseptic meningitis were seen at duke university medical center over a period of four months. most of the patients were less than 25 years old, black, and residents of durham county or nearby counties.. symptoms included headache (92%), fever (76%), nuchal rigidity (67%), and nausea and/or vomiting (51%). in contrast to previously pub ...19751167369
survey of aflatoxicosis in farm animals.over a 22-month period, 278 submissions of farm animals were made to the north carolina diagnostic laboratory for suspected aflatoxicosis, and 94 cases were confirmed on the basis of finding aflatoxin in the feed and the occurrence of bile ductule proliferation. there was an annual variation in the incidence of aflatoxicosis, as well as a seasonal variation: the peak incidence occurred in the winter, and the minimum incidence occurred during the summer. the annual increase coincided with the cor ...1976938033
prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitisms among milking cows in wisconsin, pennsylvania, and north carolina. 1978629448
milk production by dairy cattle in pennsylvania and north carolina after deworming (treatment at freshening and systematically over the first three months of lactation). 1978249162
enterocytozoon bieneusi in mature dairy cattle on farms in the eastern united states.fecal specimens were obtained from mature milking cows on farms in vermont, new york, pennsylvania, maryland, virginia, north carolina, and florida. polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-positive specimens for enterocytozoon bieneusi were found in 24 of 541 cows examined (4.4%) and on 12 of 14 farms. the prevalence of e. bieneusi varied considerably from farm to farm, with the lowest prevalence (2.3%) on fl-2 and the highest prevalence (12.5%) on vt-2. none of the cows exhibited signs of diarrhea. all ...200717899197
detection of cryptosporidium parvum and giardia lamblia carried by synanthropic flies by combined fluorescent in situ hybridization and a monoclonal antibody.wild-caught synanthropic flies were tested for the presence of cryptosporidium parvum and giardia lamblia on their exoskeletons and in their digestive tracks by fluorescent in situ hybridization and fluorescein isothiocyanate (fitc)-conjugated monoclonal antibody (mab) against cryptosporidium and giardia cell wall epitopes. the levels of c. parvum were positively correlated with the levels of g. lamblia, indicating a common source of contamination. the majority of oocysts and cysts were potentia ...200312641416
emergence and re-emergence of vesicular stomatitis in the united states.vesicular stomatitis (vs) is an important disease of cattle, horses and pigs. the causal agent is an arbovirus; vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) of which two distinct serotypes new jersey (nj) and indiana (in) have been described. the clinical signs in cattle and pigs are undistinguishable from foot-and-mouth disease (fmd), one of the most devastating viral infections of livestock. vsv is the most important cause of vesicular disease in fmd-free countries in the americas, causing thousands of ou ...200212034487
pollutant export from various land uses in the upper neuse river basin.because of the relatively high variability of pollutant export from urban land uses, a significant number of monitoring studies, including data from many storms, are needed to adequately characterize export from urban land uses. pollutant runoff from six small drainage areas with different land uses was monitored for at least 20 storm events over the course of more than 1 year. the land uses included single-family residential, golf course, industrial, dairy cow pasture, construction site, and wo ...200211995863
the potential impact of flooding on confined animal feeding operations in eastern north carolina.thousands of confined animal feeding operations (cafos) have been constructed in eastern north carolina. the fecal waste pit and spray field waste management systems used by these operations are susceptible to flooding in this low-lying region. to investigate the potential that flood events can lead to environmental dispersion of animal wastes containing numerous biologic and chemical hazards, we compared the geographic coordinates of 2,287 cafos permitted by the north carolina division of water ...200211940456
first detection of microsporidia in dairy calves in north america.fecal specimens were obtained from a total of 413 dairy calves from farms in vermont, new york, pennsylvania, maryland, virginia, north carolina, and florida. after removal of fecal debris by sieving and density gradient centrifugation, specimens were examined by fluorescence microscopy, polymerase chain reaction (pcr), and dna sequencing analysis for the presence of microsporidia. microscopic examination revealed no spores. pcr using generic primers for microsporidia revealed 70 positive calves ...200312739131
molecular characterization of enterocytozoon bieneusi in cattle indicates that only some isolates have zoonotic potential.in this study, 338 fecal samples were analyzed for enterocytozoon bieneusi from cattle farms in florida, maryland, michigan, new york, north carolina, pennsylvania, virginia, and portugal. the internal transcribed spacer region (392 bp) of the rrna gene of e. bieneusi was amplified using a nested pcr protocol. thirty-two e. bieneusi-pcr positive samples were sequenced. a high degree of genetic polymorphism, represented by five distinct genotypes (beb1-beb5), was found among the e. bieneusi isola ...200414727187
prevalence of enterocytozoon bieneusi in post-weaned dairy calves in the eastern united states.fecal specimens were obtained from 3- to 8-month-old post-weaned dairy calves on farms in vermont, new york, pennsylvania, maryland, virginia, north carolina, and florida. after removal of fecal debris by sieving and density gradient centrifugation, 59 of 452 calves (13%) from 11 farms in six states were found positive for enterocytozoon bieneusi by pcr and dna sequence analysis. based on gene sequence data this genotype of e. bieneusi found in post-weaned calves was 100% identical to that found ...200415170566
can we identify key characteristics associated with grazing-management dairy systems from survey data?discriminant analysis was used to identify farms using confinement and grazing-production systems from mail survey data of 2074 dairy farmers in pennsylvania, vermont, virginia, and north carolina. survey respondents included 45.1% of the farms using confinement management; 13.5% of farms practicing intensive grazing, defined as moving cows to new pasture at least every 3 d; and 41.4% of farms using nonintensive grazing. farmers using confinement management had significantly more cows, higher mi ...200415328301
prevalence of giardia duodenalis genotypes in pre-weaned dairy calves.to determine the prevalence of giardia genotypes in pre-weaned dairy calves, fecal samples were collected from a minimum of 18, 1-7-week-old dairy calves per farm on two farms each in the states of vermont, new york, pennsylvania, maryland, virginia, north carolina, and florida. samples cleaned of fecal debris and concentrated using cscl density gradient centrifugation were stained and examined by immunofluorescence microscopy and also subjected to pcr and gene sequence analysis. prevalence by p ...200415381298
genetic parameters for days open and pregnancy rates in us holsteins using different editing criteria.the influence of various editing criteria for days open (do) records on genetic parameter estimates of do and pregnancy rates (pr) in us holsteins was investigated. data included first parity 305-d milk yield and do records from 8 states: georgia (ga), florida (fl), north carolina (nc), texas (tx), arizona (az), california (ca), new york (ny), and wisconsin (wi). the pregnancy rate was computed as 1/[(do - vwp)/hi + 1)], where vwp was the approximate voluntary waiting period and hi was the heat ...200415545397
risk factors for abomasal displacement in dairy cows.to determine whether various periparturient events or 305-day milk production during the previous lactation period were associated with abomasal displacement in dairy cows.199910363100
ecological associations between asthma prevalence and potential exposure to farming.farming and exposure to livestock have been proposed as protective against the development of asthma in children. an ecological study was conducted to examine the support for these relationships in the usa. county-specific aggregate measures were used to examine the relationship between the prevalence of asthma and wheeze in 7th and 8th grade school children (aged 12-14 yrs) and selected measures of potential exposure to farming in the state of north carolina. binomial regression models were fit ...200415572535
bayesian modeling of animal- and herd-level prevalences.we reviewed bayesian approaches for animal-level and herd-level prevalence estimation based on cross-sectional sampling designs and demonstrated fitting of these models using the winbugs software. we considered estimation of infection prevalence based on use of a single diagnostic test applied to a single herd with binomial and hypergeometric sampling. we then considered multiple herds under binomial sampling with the primary goal of estimating the prevalence distribution and the proportion of i ...200415579338
prevalence and genotypes of giardia duodenalis in post-weaned dairy calves.to determine the prevalence of giardia genotypes in post-weaned dairy calves, fecal specimens were collected from 3 to 11-month-old dairy calves per farm on two farms in vermont, new york, pennsylvania, maryland, virginia, north carolina, and florida. specimens cleaned of fecal debris and concentrated using cscl density gradient centrifugation were stained and examined by immunofluorescence microscopy and also subjected to pcr and dna sequence analysis. overall, pcr provided more sensitive detec ...200515925721
enterocytozoon bieneusi genotypes in dairy cattle in the eastern united states.fecal specimens were obtained from 12-24-month-old dairy heifers on farms in vermont, new york, pennsylvania, maryland, virginia, north carolina, and florida. pcr positive specimens for enterocytozoon bieneusi were found in 131 of 571 heifers examined (23%) and on all the farms visited. the prevalence of e. bieneusi varied considerably across farms, with the lowest prevalence (4.7%) on md-2 and the highest prevalence (37.8%) on ny-2. all pcr positive specimens that amplified the its region as we ...200516167161
milk urea nitrogen concentration: heritability and genetic correlations with reproductive performance and disease.the objectives of this study were to estimate the heritability of milk urea nitrogen (mun) concentration and describe the genetic relationship between mun and reproductive performance and between mun and diseases in holsteins. dairy records management systems (raleigh, nc) provided lactation data. the danish agricultural advisory center provided breeding value estimates for diseases. infrared (ir) and wet chemistry (wc) data were analyzed separately. heritabilities and genetic correlations for 2 ...200516291635
prevalence and genotypes of giardia duodenalis in 1-2 year old dairy cattle.to determine the prevalence of giardia genotypes in 12-24 month old dairy heifers, fecal specimens were collected from two farms each in vermont, new york, pennsylvania, maryland, virginia, north carolina, and florida. specimens, cleaned of fecal debris and concentrated using cscl density gradient centrifugation, were subjected to pcr and dna sequence analysis. prevalence of giardia infection, ranged from 11% to 75% on 14 farms with an average prevalence of 36% (204 positive cattle out of 571 ex ...200616647818
ground cover impacts on sediment and phosphorus export from manured riparian pasture.maintaining pasture ground cover is important in preventing environmental degradation of grasslands and associated riparian areas. the objective of this work was to determine the effect of ground cover on sediment and p export from pastured riparian areas under simulated rainfall events. plots were established on two sites in the north carolina piedmont: a 10% slope with appling sandy loam soils (fine, kaolinitic, thermic typic kanhapludults) and a 20% slope with wedowee sandy loam soils (fine, ...200617071887
prevalence of salmonella in diverse environmental farm samples.the development of suitable intervention strategies to control salmonella populations at the farm level requires reliable data on the occurrence and prevalence of the pathogen. previous studies on salmonella prevalence have focused on acquiring data from specific farm types and/or selected regions. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the distribution of this pathogen across a variety of farm types and regions in order to generate comparative data from a diverse group of environmental sampl ...200617133798
pesticides and other agricultural factors associated with self-reported farmer's lung among farm residents in the agricultural health study.farmer's lung, or hypersensitivity pneumonitis, is an important contributor to respiratory morbidity among farmers.200717182642
ground cover impacts on nitrogen export from manured riparian pasture.maintaining ground cover of forages may reduce the export of nitrogen (n) from pastures. the objective of this work was to determine the effect of ground cover on n export from pastured riparian areas receiving simulated rainfall. plots were established on two adjacent sites in the north carolina piedmont: one of 10% slope with appling sandy loam soils and a second of 20% slope with wedowee sandy loam soils. both sites had existing mixed tall fescue (festuca arundinacea schreb.)-dallisgrass (pas ...200717215223
prevalence of cryptosporidium species and genotypes in mature dairy cattle on farms in eastern united states compared with younger cattle from the same locations.feces collected from 541 milking cows on two dairy farms each in vermont, new york, pennsylvania, maryland, virginia, north carolina, and florida were examined for the presence of cryptosporidium oocysts. oocysts were concentrated from 15 g of feces from each cow and dna was extracted. a two-step nested pcr protocol was used to amplify an 830 base pair fragment of the ssurrna gene. pcr-positive products were purified and sequenced. pcr-positive findings were obtained from cows in all seven state ...200717287086
genetic evaluation of stillbirth in united states holsteins using a sire-maternal grandsire threshold model.a sire-maternal grandsire threshold model was used for genetic evaluation of stillbirth in us holsteins. calving ease and stillbirth records for herds reporting at least 10 dead calves were extracted from the animal improvement programs laboratory database. about half of the 14 million calving ease records in the database had a known livability score, mostly from herds processed by dairy records management systems (raleigh, nc). calf livability scores of 2 and 3, representing calves born dead an ...200717430952
relatedness of cytotoxins from geographically diverse isolates of moraxella bovis.to determine whether amino acid sequence variation exists in the moraxella bovis (m. bovis) cytotoxin (mbxa) from geographically diverse m. bovis isolated in the united states, mbxa was amplified and sequenced. the mbxa deduced amino acid sequence from m. bovis originally isolated in california, washington, north carolina, and georgia, as well as reference strains of m. bovis isolated at the national animal disease laboratory, ames, ia, usa, all encoded a nearly identical 927 amino acid protein. ...200717540518
environmental effects on conception rates of holsteins in new york and georgia.the purpose of this study was to investigate the compounded impact on conception rates (cr) of the effects of milk production, service month, and days in milk (dim) by using recent artificial insemination records of holsteins in new york (ny) and georgia (ga). dairy herd improvement records were obtained from dairy records management systems in raleigh, north carolina. after removing records with lactations >1 and uncertain and extreme records (records without a calving or birth date, with days ...200818218770
potential geographic distribution of atmospheric nitrogen deposition from intensive livestock production in north carolina, usa.to examine the consequences of increased spatial aggregation of livestock production facilities, we estimated the annual production of nitrogen in livestock waste in north carolina, usa, and analyzed the potential distribution of atmospheric nitrogen deposition from confined animal feeding operations ("cafo") lagoons. north carolina is a national center for industrial livestock production. livestock is increasingly being raised in cafos, where waste is frequently held, essentially untreated, in ...200818417189
proof of concept of a method that assesses the spread of microbial infections with spatially explicit and non-spatially explicit data.a method that assesses bacterial spatial dissemination was explored. it measures microbial genotypes (defined by electrophoretic patterns or ep), host, location (farm), interfarm euclidean distance, and time. its proof of concept (construct and internal validity) was evaluated using a dataset that included 113 staphylococcus aureus eps from 1126 bovine milk isolates collected on 23 farms between 1988 and 2005.200819017406
pcr detection of bartonella bovis and bartonella henselae in the blood of beef cattle.although an organism primarily associated with non-clinical bacteremia in domestic cattle and wild ruminants, bartonella bovis was recently defined as a cause of bovine endocarditis. the purpose of this study was to develop a b. bovis species-specific pcr assay that could be used to confirm the molecular prevalence of bartonella spp. infection. blood samples from 142 cattle were tested by conventional pcr targeting the bartonella 16s-23s intergenic spacer (its) region. overall, bartonella dna wa ...200919019574
trends for conception rate of holsteins over time in the southeastern united states.the purpose of this study was to estimate trends in conception rate (cr) of holsteins in the southeastern united states over time across month by milk production level and month by days in milk (dim) subclasses. data were obtained from dairy records management systems (raleigh, nc) and included service records from 10 states (virginia, kentucky, north carolina, south carolina, tennessee, georgia, florida, alabama, mississippi, and louisiana). after eliminating records with lactation >1 and uncer ...200919700727
cryptosporidiosis outbreak at a summer camp --- north carolina, 2009.in july 2009, local, regional, state, and federal public health officials investigated a cryptosporidiosis outbreak at a youth summer camp in north carolina. the investigation identified 46 laboratory-confirmed and probable cryptosporidiosis cases at the camp. analyses of data from a retrospective cohort study of staff members revealed that eating ham from a sandwich bar that included camp-grown raw produce and sharing a cabin with an ill person were significantly associated with illness. crypto ...201121753745
new species of cardicola (digenea: aporocotylidae) from heart of atlantic croaker, micropogonias undulatus, (perciformes: sciaenidae) of the south atlantic bight.abstract abstract: cardicola parvus n. sp. (digenea: aporocotylidae) infects the heart of atlantic croaker, micropogonias undulatus (linnaeus, 1766) (perciformes: sciaenidae), in the south atlantic bight off cow island (34°38'49"n; 76°33'41"w, type locality) and figure eight island (34°15'48"n, 77°44'27"w), north carolina, and off jacksonville beach (30°08'23"n, 81°20'52"w), florida. the new species is most easily differentiated from other members of cardicola short, 1953 by the combination of ...201122017493
development of a novel walk-through fly trap for the control of horn flies and other pests on pastured dairy cows.a prototype walk-through fly vacuum system, designed to remove horn flies haematobia irritans (l.) (diptera: muscidae) from cattle, was developed and tested for efficacy. the study was conducted during 4 fly seasons over 17 consecutive weeks each year within the months of may through september at 1 dairy research herd in the coastal plain of north carolina. additional data on horn flies, as well as face flies (musca autumnalis) and stable flies (stomoxys calcitrans), were collected during 1 yr f ...201424792800
effects of feeding strategy on milk production, reproduction, pasture utilization, and economics of autumn-calving dairy cows in eastern north carolina.a balance among stocking rate (sr), pasture management, and supplementary feeding is required to optimize overall farm performance and profitability in pasture-based dairying. beginning in september 2003, a seasonal, autumn-calving, pasture-based farming system was established to address the effects of feeding strategy (fs; i.e., a unique combination of stocking and supplementation rate) on productive, reproductive, and economic performance of lactating herds over 3 yr. eighty lactating cows (1/ ...201222281363
in vitro cultivation of a newly recognized babesia sp. in dogs in north carolina.a novel large babesia sp. from an infected dog was cultivated in vitro by microaerophilous stationary phase culture methodology. a primary culture initiated in enriched rpmi-1640 medium supplemented with 40% canine serum and incubated in a 2% oxygen environment supported parasite growth in vitro. subsequent subcultures into enriched hl-1 medium with 20% fetal bovine serum also supported parasite propagation. cultures were successfully introduced to 5% carbon dioxide in air atmosphere at passage ...200818083310
farm business and operator variables associated with bulk tank somatic cell count from dairy herds in the southeastern united states.mastitis is a worldwide problem in dairy cows and results in reduced milk production, the culling of cows, and other economic losses. bulk tank somatic cell count (btscc) over 200,000 cells/ml often indicates underlying subclinical mastitis in dairy herds. several preventative measures that can be implemented to help improve the incidence of mastitis exist, but surveys find these practices not fully adopted by producers. the goal of this research was to analyze the farm and operator characterist ...201728865858
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