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bovine trypanosomiasis an emerging disease in maranhão state-brazil.in south american countries, bovine trypanosomiasis is caused mainly by trypanosoma vivax. among the infected animals, bovines are considered more susceptible, and this susceptibility varies among breeds. to determine the occurrence of t. vivax in maranhão state, brazil, a total of 559 cattle blood samples were collected for molecular and parasitological studies. on são luís island, no parasites were observed in the parasitological exam; however, with the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method, ...201121254930
[blood feeding preference of lutzomyia whitmani (diptera, psychodidae) in a transmission area for american cutaneous leishmaniasis in the state of maranhão, brazil].the aim of this study was to determine the sources of blood meals for females of lutzomyia whitmani, a phlebotomine species incriminated as the main vector for american cutaneous leishmaniasis in maranhão. for this, 70 lutzomyia whitmani females were collected in the municipality of axixá, an area with one of the greatest numbers of cases of american cutaneous leishmaniasis in humans in maranhão. they were analyzed using the precipitin technique. ninety percent of the specimens showed a reaction ...200920209348
[efficacy of extracts of plants in engorged females of boophilus microplus from the mesoregion west of maranhão, brazil.].the objective was to evaluate the efficacy of hydro-alcoholic extracts of nim and citronela at 20% and eucalipto at 10% in boophilus microplus engorged females collected in cattle naturally infected from the mesoregion west of maranhão. at the laboratory the females were separated, weighted and distributed in six groups of 10, in duplicate. each group was immersed in 10ml of the solution of the extracts, for two minutes. in the nim and citronela extracts there was 32% e 17%, respectively, while ...200820059822
molecular epidemiology of rabies from maranhão and surrounding states in the northeastern region of brazil.although many outbreaks of rabies have been reported in northern brazil, few epidemiological studies of these outbreaks have been undertaken. in this study, molecular epidemiological analyses were performed using 41 rabies virus samples isolated in the maranhão (ma), pará (pa), and tocantins (to) states of northeastern brazil. a 599-bp region of the glycoprotein (g) gene was first amplified from each sample by rt-pcr, then sequenced and subjected to phylogenetic analysis. a phylogenetic tree div ...200616773238
water-contact patterns and risk factors for schistosoma mansoni infection in a rural village of northeast brazil.schistosomiasis mansoni in the serrano village, municipality of cururupu, state of maranhão, brazil, is a widely spread disease. the pece (program for the control of schistosomiasis), undertaken since 1979 has reduced the prevalence of s. mansoni infection and the hepatosplenic form of the disease. nevertheless piped water is available in 84% of the households, prevalence remains above 20%. in order to identify other risk factors responsible for the persistence of high prevalence levels, a cross ...19979394521
group 1 vaccinia virus zoonotic outbreak in maranhao state, brazil.in brazil, several exanthematic autochthone vaccinia virus (vacv) outbreaks affecting dairy cattle and rural workers have been reported since 1999. although outbreaks had been first described in the brazilian southeast, vacv outbreaks were notified in all brazilian regions in < 10 years. however, in this context, vacv outbreaks had not been described in some brazilian states, likely because of a lack of notification, or yet unknown epidemiological reasons. here, we describe the first vacv outbre ...201324166043
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