| genetic analysis and pathogenicity of betanodavirus isolated from wild redspotted grouper epinephelus akaara with clinical signs. | diseased wild redspotted grouper epinephelus akaara were collected from seto inland sea, ehime prefecture, in august 2002. fish showed erratic swimming behavior and inflation of the swim bladder. the fish brains were positive for nodavirus in both rt-pcr and nested pcr. the sequence of the nested pcr product (177 nt) was closely related to that of a known betanodavirus, redspotted grouper nervous necrosis virus. when juvenile sevenband grouper e. septemfasciatus were challenged intravitreously w ... | 2009 | 19130166 |