| occupational risk for hepatitis c virus infection among new york city dentists. | health-care workers have an occupational risk of infection with hepatitis c virus (hcv). however, neither the magnitude of this risk nor the practices associated with it have been defined. since dentists have numerous patients and are exposed to blood, they are likely to have the maximum risk. therefore, we have assessed occupational risk for hcv infection among dentists in the new york city area. individuals who admitted present or previous intravenous drug use or (men) who were homosexual or b ... | 1991 | 1683969 |
| epidemiology of hepatitis c virus. a preliminary study in volunteer blood donors. | in a survey carried out from 1985 through 1986, volunteer blood donors to the greater new york blood program were tested for two surrogate markers for non-a, non-b hepatitis--elevation of alanine aminotransferase level and presence of antibody to hepatitis b core antigen. stored serum samples from selected donors were also recently tested for antibody to hepatitis c virus (anti-hcv). anti-hcv was detected in 0.9% to 1.4% of donors and was higher in black and hispanic donors than in white donors. ... | 1990 | 2104548 |
| hepatitis c virus infection in patients with porphyria cutanea tarda evaluated in new york, ny. | | 1995 | 7611808 |
| serosurvey of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis b virus, and hepatitis c virus infection among hospital-based surgeons. serosurvey study group. | because occupational blood contact places health-care workers at risk for infection with bloodborne pathogens, we wanted to estimate the prevalence of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), hepatitis b virus (hbv), and hepatitis c virus (hcv) among hospital-based surgeons and correlate the results with occupational and nonoccupational risk factors. | 1995 | 8000651 |
| seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus-1, hepatitis b virus, and hepatitis c virus in patients having major surgery. | to determine the proportion of major surgical procedures that involve patients having serologic evidence of infection with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (hiv), hepatitis b virus (hbv), and hepatitis c virus (hcv) in a single center in westchester county, new york. | 1995 | 8601681 |
| alcoholism is associated with hepatitis c but not hepatitis b in an urban population. | previous studies have suggested an association of viral hepatitis with alcoholism, although the role of confounding risk factors (e.g. i.v. drug use) has not been adequately excluded. we therefore compared the seroprevalences of hepatitis b and c in alcoholic patients to that of a nonalcoholic control group. | 1996 | 8633498 |
| hepatitis c virus infection in the mothers and infants cohort study. | to estimate the hepatitis c virus (hcv) vertical transmission rate, the effect of potential risk factors, and the pattern of hcv antibody response and viremia in hcv-infected infants. | 1998 | 9685438 |
| increased transmission of vertical hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected infants of hiv- and hcv-coinfected women. | the transmission of perinatal hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection was studied retrospectively in 62 infants born to 54 hcv- and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-coinfected women enrolled in a prospective natural history study of hiv transmission. infant hcv infection was assessed by nested rna polymerase chain reaction. the overall rate of vertical hcv transmission was 16.4% (9/62). most hcv-infected children did not develop antibodies to hcv. the rate of hcv infection was higher among hiv-infec ... | 1998 | 9806033 |
| chronic liver disease in central harlem: the role of alcohol and viral hepatitis. | for reasons not yet determined, chronic liver disease (cld) has been a leading cause of excess morbidity and mortality in central harlem. we conducted a case series and case-control analysis of demographic, clinical, epidemiological, and alcohol-intake-related information from patients with cld and age- and sex-matched hospitalized control patients. patients' sera were tested for markers of viral hepatitis. the presumed etiology of cld among case-patients was as follows: both alcohol abuse and h ... | 1999 | 10051493 |
| evaluating supervised haart in late-stage hiv among drug users: a preliminary report. | to examine response to highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart) among a sample of treatment-experienced patients in the late stage of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection in residential health care facilities (rhcfs) in new york city facilities designated for hiv/aids (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) when access and adherence are maximized. | 1999 | 10609596 |
| factors associated with prevalent hepatitis c: differences among young adult injection drug users in lower and upper manhattan, new york city. | this study examined correlates of prevalent hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection among young adult injection drug users in 2 neighborhoods in new york city. | 2001 | 11189819 |
| sexual transmission risk among noninjecting heroin users infected with human immunodeficiency virus or hepatitis c virus. | to assess whether human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected and/or hepatitis c virus (hcv)-infected noninjecting heroin users (nius) are a potential sexual transmission bridge to "lower risk" partners, 180 hiv- or hcv-infected nius recruited in new york city were interviewed about their sexual behaviors and partnerships. sixty-two percent were former injecting drug users (idus). partners reported not to be hiv infected, idus, or men who have sex with men were defined as lower risk. among 54 hi ... | 2001 | 11443564 |
| recommendations for preventing hepatitis c virus infection: analysis of a brooklyn endoscopy clinic's outbreak. | | 2001 | 11842983 |
| liver function tests in sickle cell disease. | we investigated the prevalence of positive viral hepatitis titres in sickle cell disease (scd) and the relationship of abnormal liver function tests (lfts) to transfusions and ferritin levels. charts from 141 patients with scd were reviewed and recent laboratory data on serum ferritin, hepatitis serology, units of packed red blood cells transfused and lfts were collected. hepatitis b core antibodies were positive in 14% of patients (12/86) and hepatitis c viral antibody titres were positive in 1 ... | 2002 | 11843894 |
| high prevalence of hepatitis c infection among patients receiving hemodialysis at an urban dialysis center. | to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors for hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection among patients at an urban outpatient hemodialysis center. | 2002 | 12083235 |
| hepatitis c virus and human immunodeficiency virus-1 co-infection in former heroin addicts in methadone maintenance treatment. | to investigate hepatitis c (hcv) and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1) prevalence in former opiate or heroin addicts currently in methadone maintenance treatment (mmt). | 2002 | 12296502 |
| variability in the incidence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis b virus, and hepatitis c virus infection among young injecting drug users in new york city. | cohort studies of young (aged 18-30 years) injecting drug users recruited in 1997-1999 in the harlem and lower east side areas of new york city, new york, were used to assess the incidence of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), hepatitis b virus (hbv), and hepatitis c virus (hcv). the authors found that hiv incidence was low at both sites: 0.8/100 person-years at the harlem site and 0/100 person-years at the lower east side site. in contrast, hbv incidence was moderate (12.2/100 person-years) at ... | 2003 | 12615611 |
| hepatitis c virus infection among noninjecting drug users in new york city. | the prevalence of hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection among noninjecting drug users has been reported to be higher than in the general population, but the reasons for this observation remain unclear. noninjecting drug users aged 15-40 years and who used drugs for no longer than 10 years were enrolled in the study. the participants were interviewed about risk behaviors and had specimens drawn for serological testing. of 276 enrolled, 4.7% were infected with hcv. drug users who had ever sniffed or s ... | 2003 | 12767001 |
| transmission of hepatitis b and c viruses in outpatient settings--new york, oklahoma, and nebraska, 2000-2002. | transmission of hepatitis b virus (hbv) and hepatitis c virus (hcv) can occur in health-care settings from percutaneous or mucosal exposures to blood or other body fluids from an infected patient or health-care worker. this report summarizes the investigation of four outbreaks of hbv and hcv infections that occurred in outpatient health-care settings. the investigation of each outbreak suggested that unsafe injection practices, primarily reuse of syringes and needles or contamination of multiple ... | 2003 | 14508437 |
| hepatitis c incidence--a comparison between injection and noninjection drug users in new york city. | hepatitis c virus (hcv) burdens injection drug users (idus) with prevalence estimated from 60-100% compared to around 5% among noninjection drug users (non-idus). we present preliminary data comparing the risk for hcv among idus and non-idus to inform new avenues of hcv prevention and intervention planning. two cohorts, new idus (injecting < or =3 years) and non-idus (smoke/sniff heroine, crack or cocaine < or =10 years), ages 15-40, were street-recruited in new york city. participants underwent ... | 2004 | 15047780 |
| factors associated with interest in initiating treatment for hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection among young hcv-infected injection drug users. | we sought to identify factors associated with interest in receiving therapy for hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection among hcv-infected injection drug users (idus) in 3 united states cities. | 2005 | 15768339 |
| integrating services for injection drug users infected with hepatitis c virus with methadone maintenance treatment: challenges and opportunities. | despite the high prevalence of hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection among drug users enrolled in methadone maintenance treatment programs, few drug users are being treated with combination therapy. the most significant barrier to treatment is lack of access to comprehensive hcv-related care. we describe a pilot program to integrate care for hcv infection with substance abuse treatment in a setting of maintenance treatment with methadone. this on-site, multidisciplinary model of care includes compre ... | 2005 | 15768345 |
| sharing of noninjection drug-use implements as a risk factor for hepatitis c. | this study examined sharing noninjection drug implements as a risk factor for hepatitis c (hcv) infection among women drug users (n = 123) with no history of drug injection. participants were street-recruited from east harlem, new york city, between october 1997 and june 1999. participants were administered a survey measuring risk factors for hcv. prevalence of hcv and hiv infections was 19.5% and 14.6%, respectively. multiple logistic regression determined significant associations between shari ... | 2004 | 15061559 |
| self-reported hepatitis c virus antibody status and risk behavior in young injectors. | this study was conducted to assess the accuracy of self-reported hepatitis c virus (hcv) antibody (anti-hcv) serostatus in injection drug users (idus), and examine whether self-reported anti-hcv serostatus was associated with recent injection risk behavior. | 2006 | 17278406 |
| colonoscopes may spread hcv and hpv. | | 2003 | 12825588 |
| sexual and other noninjection risks for hbv and hcv seroconversions among noninjecting heroin users. | many heroin users do not inject drugs but may still be at risk of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), hepatitis b virus (hbv), and hepatitis c virus (hcv), via sexual or other noninjection-related activity. | 2007 | 17330797 |
| drug use patterns and infection with sexually transmissible agents among young adults in a high-risk neighbourhood in new york city. | to determine relationships between drug use "hardness" (defined in increasing order of hardness as no drug use, marijuana use, non-injected heroin or cocaine use, crack smoking and injection drug use) and prevalences of several sexually transmissible infections among young adults in a high-risk neighbourhood. drug users, particularly injection drug users and crack smokers, may be a core group for some sexually transmitted infections. | 2003 | 12534420 |
| individual and couple-level risk factors for hepatitis c infection among heterosexual drug users: a multilevel dyadic analysis. | hepatitis c virus (hcv) is the most common bloodborne pathogen in the united states and is a leading cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality. although it is known that hcv is most commonly transmitted among injection drug users, the role of sexual transmission in the spread of hcv remains controversial because of inconsistent findings across studies involving heterosexual couples. | 2007 | 17471426 |
| prevalence of hepatitis c and coinfection with hiv among united states veterans in the new york city metropolitan area. | the aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection and its risk factors, as well as the prevalence of coinfection with hiv and its risk factors, among patients with confirmed hcv infection. | 2002 | 12190179 |
| does integrating viral hepatitis services into a public std clinic attract injection drug users for care? | injection drug users (idus) are at high risk for multiple health problems, including human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), viral hepatitis, and sexually transmitted diseases (stds), and are likely to have poor access to health care. to more effectively serve high-risk clients, experts recommend that programs accessed by such client populations offer integrated services. in 2000, the new york city department of health and mental hygiene integrated viral hepatitis services (vaccine and screening) in ... | 2007 | 17542450 |
| promoting hcv treatment completion for prison inmates: new york state's hepatitis c continuity program. | this article describes the development of a statewide program providing continuity of hepatitis c virus (hcv) treatment to prisoners upon release to the community. we discussed length of stay as a barrier to treatment with key collaborators; developed protocols, a referral process, and forms; mobilized staff; recruited heath-care facilities to accept referrals; and provided short-term access to hcv medications for inmates upon release. the hepatitis c continuity program, including 70 prisons and ... | 2007 | 17542460 |
| risk correlates of prevalent hiv, hepatitis b virus, and hepatitis c virus infections among noninjecting heroin users. | to examine lifetime correlates of hiv and hepatitis b and c (hbv and hcv) infections among noninjecting heroin users (nius). | 2002 | 12138352 |
| hepatitis c infection in children and adolescents with end-stage renal disease. | the prevalence of hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection and the risk factors associated with its transmission are described in a contemporary cohort of 55 children and adolescents with end-stage renal disease (esrd). thirty-seven patients were on dialysis or had been transplanted (esrd) and 18 had chronic renal failure (crf) but had not yet received dialysis. seven (19%) tested positive for hcv by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), polymerase chain reaction (pcr), or both. none of the childr ... | 2002 | 12107810 |
| hepatitis c and substance use in a sample of homeless people in new york city. | this study examined the prevalence of hepatitis c virus (hcv) antibodies and its association with substance use and sexual behavior among a sample of 139 persons visiting a mobile medical clinic in manhattan. ninety percent were unstably housed or were living on the street. the prevalence of hcv antibodies was 32%. prevalence was also high for hepatitis b core antibodies (47%), hiv antibodies (15%), and syphilis exposure (14%); 76% tested positive for cocaine. among subjects who reported ever in ... | 2001 | 11760923 |
| integrating multiple programme and policy approaches to hepatitis c prevention and care for injection drug users: a comprehensive approach. | new york state is home to an estimated 230,000 individuals chronically infected with hepatitis c virus (hcv) and roughly 171,500 active injection drug users (idus). hcv/hiv co-infection is common and models of service delivery that effectively meet idus' needs are required. a hcv strategic plan has stressed integration. | 2007 | 17854731 |
| sexual orientation and hiv infection prevalence among young latino injection drug users in harlem. | among injection drug users (idus), those at highest risk for hiv infection include latinos, young women, and young men who have sex with men (homosexual men). we examined how hiv infection prevalence is affected by gender and sexual orientation among young latino idus in new york city. we used baseline data from a cohort study of young (18-30 years) idus in harlem, new york city, conducted from 1997 through 1999. participants were asked about drug use and sexual behaviors, and blood was taken fo ... | 2001 | 11445028 |
| can urban methadone patients complete health utility assessments? | to assess the ability of methadone maintenance treatment (mmt) patients to use two standardized health assessment tools to value health states related to chronic hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection and hcv treatment-associated side effects. an estimated 65-90% of mmt patients are chronically infected with hcv. | 2008 | 18314295 |
| markers for hepatitis a, b and c in methadone maintained patients: an unexpectedly high co-infection with silent hepatitis b. | to determine the prevalence of hepatitis a, b and c viruses in patients attending a methadone maintenance clinic in new york city. | 2008 | 18339114 |
| greater drug injecting risk for hiv, hbv, and hcv infection in a city where syringe exchange and pharmacy syringe distribution are illegal. | comparing drug-injecting risk between cities that differ in the legality of sterile syringe distribution for injection drug use provides a natural experiment to assess the efficacy of legalizing sterile syringe distribution as a structural intervention to prevent human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and other parenterally transmitted infections among injection drug users (idus). this study compares the parenteral risk for hiv and hepatitis b (hbv) and c (hcv) infection among idus in newark, nj, us ... | 2008 | 18340537 |
| hepatitis c important treatment advance: interview with douglas dieterich, m.d. interview by john s. james. | dr. douglas dieterich, a gastroenterologist and associate professor of medicine at new york university school of medicine, is a director of a american foundation for aids research-sponsored clinical trial for people with hepatitis c and hiv. dr. dieterich suggests that individuals who use intravenous drugs, those with a family history of hepatitis c, or those who received a blood transfusion prior to 1990 get a hepatitis antibody test followed by a hepatitis c pcr test to detect the infection. u ... | 1998 | 11365406 |
| hepatitis c among noninjecting drug users: a report. | this report documents the prevalence of hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection among self-reported noninjecting drug users recruited from two new york city neighborhoods. | 2001 | 11346280 |
| prevalence of hepatitis c virus infection among injection drug users in the united states, 1994-2004. | to examine hepatitis c virus (hcv) seroprevalence among injection drug users in 4 us cities from 1994 through 2004. | 2008 | 18462109 |
| the association between cocaine use and hiv/stds among soup kitchen attendees in new york city. | we examined the associations of cocaine use with hiv/sexually transmitted diseases (stds) in a sample of 184 soup kitchen attendees using a mobile medical van in manhattan (male = 66%; black or hispanic = 81%; cocaine use, primarily crack = 75%; ever injected drugs = 22%). in addition to confirming the association between years of cocaine use and hiv antibodies in this sample (odds ratio [or] = 2.11; p <.05) we examined the pattern of associations of cocaine use and non-hiv stds under the hypoth ... | 2000 | 11064509 |
| risk of hepatitis c transmission from infected medical staff to patients: model-based calculations for surgical settings. | concern is increasing in both the medical community and among the general public about the possible transmission of hepatitis c virus (hcv) from infected health care workers to their patients. until now, no reliable estimates for the risk of such transmission exist. | 2000 | 10927728 |
| co-infection of hepatitis b and hepatitis c virus in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in new york city, united states. | to study the prevalence and risk factors associated with triple infection with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)/hepatitis b virus (hbv)/hepatitis c virus (hcv) in an urban clinic population. | 2008 | 19034972 |
| using hepatitis c virus and herpes simplex virus-2 to track hiv among injecting drug users in new york city. | to explore the potential utility of hepatitis c virus (hcv) seroprevalence as a biomarker for injection risk, and herpes simplex virus-2 (hsv-2) as a biomarker for sexual risk among injecting drug users (idus). we examined the relationships between hcv and hiv and between hsv-2 and hiv among injecting drug users in new york city relative to the large-scale implementation of syringe exchange in the mid-1990s. | 2009 | 19108958 |
| heterosexual transmission of hepatitis c, hepatitis b, and hiv-1 in a sample of inner city women. | to clarify the role of heterosexual transmission of hepatitis c virus (hcv) and to identify associated risk factors. | 2000 | 10907909 |
| a four-year review of patients with hepatitis c antibody in department of veterans affairs facilities. | hepatitis c virus [hcv] has recently been recognized as an emerging pathogen of surprising proportions. the clinical liver illness associated with hcv infection can be minimal or none, but in a notable number of persons it can ultimately cause debilitating chronic liver disease, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatic failure, and it is likely related to an increased incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma. from 1991 to 1994, an annual electronic census was sent to 168 veterans health administration faci ... | 1997 | 9358714 |
| chronic hepatitis c in patients with sickle cell disease. | to determine the prevalence of hepatitis c virus (hcv) antibody in patients with sickle cell disease and to analyze the nature of chronic liver disease in these patients. | 1996 | 8651171 |
| hepatitis c in the health care setting. ii. seroprevalence among hemodialysis staff and patients in suburban new york city. | hepatitis c virus (hcv) is a newly identified blood-borne virus that may pose an occupational hazard for health care workers. hemodialysis nurses could be anticipated to be at high risk for hcv infection because this group of health care workers frequently comes into contact with blood of a patient population with a seroprevalence rate of at least 10%. | 1993 | 8442524 |
| hepatitis c in hiv-infected intravenous drug users and homosexual men in suburban new york city. | | 1991 | 1903462 |
| hepatitis c virus seroprevalence in the developmentally disabled. | hepatitis c virus (hcv) is the principal cause of nonenteric non-a, non-b hepatitis worldwide. while it has been well documented that people with developmental disabilities are at an increased risk for infections with hepatitis b virus, little is known of the prevalence of hcv infection among this population. | 1992 | 1280075 |
| hiv and hcv health beliefs in an inner-city community. | summary. chronic infection with the hepatitis c virus (hcv) is more prevalent than human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection, but more public health resources are allocated to hiv than to hcv. given shared risk factors and epidemiology, we compared accuracy of health beliefs about hiv and hcv in an at-risk community. between 2002 and 2003, we surveyed a random patient sample at a primary care clinic in new york. the survey was organized as domains of common sense model of self-regulation: ca ... | 2010 | 20950406 |
| a study of low dose peginterferon alpha-2b with ribavirin for the initial treatment of chronic hepatitis c. | a prospective randomized trial was undertaken to test the efficacy of low and standard doses of pegylated interferon alpha-2b in combination with ribavirin for the initial treatment of chronic hepatitis c. by nature of its design the study also provided data on response to therapy over a spectrum of doses of both pegylated interferon alpha-2b and ribavirin calculated on a body weight basis. | 2006 | 16771948 |
| syringe exchange programs --- united states, 2008. | persons who inject drugs should use a new, sterile needle and syringe for each injection. syringe exchange programs (seps) provide free sterile syringes and collect used syringes from injection-drug users (idus) to reduce transmission of bloodborne pathogens, including human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), hepatitis b virus, and hepatitis c virus (hcv). as of march 2009, a total of 184 seps were known to be operating in 36 states, the district of columbia (dc), and puerto rico (north american syri ... | 2010 | 21085091 |
| the association of hepatitis c prevalence, activity, and genotype with hiv infection in a cohort of new york city drug users. | factors associated with serum hcv antibody, hcv rna level, and hcv genotype were assessed in 557 current and former drug users. additional assays included hiv antibody, cd4+ lymphocyte counts, hiv viral loads, and hepatitis b markers. seventy-five percent of subjects were anti-hcv positive, of whom 75% had detectable hcv rna (median, 5.04 x 10(5) iu/ml; range, 1020-15.7 x 10(6)). on multivariate analysis hcv seropositivity was associated with history of drug injection, hiv seropositivity, and in ... | 2003 | 12843747 |
| incident hepatitis c virus infection among us hiv-infected men enrolled in clinical trials. | outbreaks of sexually transmitted hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection have been reported among human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected men who have sex with men in europe, australia, and new york. whether this is occurring across the united states is unknown. | 2011 | 21282184 |
| analysis of a hepatitis c screening programme for us veterans. | this study analyses a screening programme for hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection among us veterans in a suburban veterans affairs medical center, in new york. this is the first study examining all 11 potential risk factors listed in the 2001 national u.s. veterans health administration screening guidelines. a retrospective study was conducted of 5400 veterans 'at risk' of hcv, identified through a questionnaire in this institution's primary-care outpatient departments between 1 october 2001 and 3 ... | 2006 | 16490127 |
| liver transplantation for hepatitis b in the united states. | to evaluate the impact of hepatitis b virus (hbv) on us health care system, we reviewed the organ procurement and transplantation (optn, formerly unos) hbv database. | 2005 | 16387118 |
| associations between herpes simplex virus type 2 and hcv with hiv among injecting drug users in new york city. | objectives. we examined relationships between herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), a biomarker for sexual risk, and hcv, a biomarker for injecting risk, with hiv among injecting drug users (idus) who began injecting after large-scale expansion of syringe exchange programs in new york city. methods. we recruited 337 heroin and cocaine users who began injecting in 1995 or later from persons entering drug detoxification. we administered a structured interview covering drug use and hiv risk behavior ... | 2011 | 21566021 |
| reductions in hepatitis c virus and hiv infections among injecting drug users in new york city, 1990-2001. | to assess trends in hiv, hepatitis c virus (hcv) and hiv/hcv infection among injecting drug users (idu) from 1990 to 2001 in new york city. the 1990-2001 time period included a very large expansion of syringe exchange in new york city, from 250,000 to 3,000,000 syringes exchanged annually. | 2005 | 16251819 |
| sexual transmission of hepatitis c virus among hiv-infected men who have sex with men --- new york city, 2005--2010. | in the united states, an estimated 3.2 million persons are living with hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection. hcv transmission occurs primarily through percutaneous exposure to blood, and persons who inject drugs are at greatest risk for infection. the role of sexual transmission of hcv has not been well defined. however, reports over the past decade, mainly from europe, have implicated sexual transmission of hcv among human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)--infected men who have sex with men (msm). in ... | 2011 | 21775948 |
| high prevalence of alcohol use among hepatitis c virus antibody positive injection drug users in three us cities. | injection drug users (idus) acquire the majority of new hepatitis c virus (hcv) infections and frequently use alcohol. alcohol abuse accelerates liver disease among hcv-infected persons, can reduce the effectiveness of treatment for hcv infection and may be a contraindication for hcv treatment. hcv seropositive, hiv-negative idus aged 18-35 years in baltimore, new york city and seattle who were enrolled in a behavioral risk-reduction intervention trial underwent computerized self-interviews to a ... | 2006 | 16129567 |
| detection of zoonotic pathogens and characterization of novel viruses carried by commensal rattus norvegicus in new york city. | norway rats (rattus norvegicus) are globally distributed and concentrate in urban environments, where they live and feed in closer proximity to human populations than most other mammals. despite the potential role of rats as reservoirs of zoonotic diseases, the microbial diversity present in urban rat populations remains unexplored. in this study, we used targeted molecular assays to detect known bacterial, viral, and protozoan human pathogens and unbiased high-throughput sequencing to identify ... | 2014 | 25316698 |
| association of sex, hygiene and drug equipment sharing with hepatitis c virus infection among non-injecting drug users in new york city. | hepatitis c virus (hcv) rates are higher in non-injecting drug users (nidus) than general population estimates. whether this elevated hcv rate is due to drug use or other putative risk behaviors remains unclear. | 2005 | 16102381 |
| hepatitis c knowledge among staff in u.s. drug treatment programs. | staff in drug treatment programs are in an optimal position to support the hepatitis c related needs of their patients. to do so effectively, however, staff need to have accurate information about the hepatitis c virus (hcv). this article examines the hcv knowledge of staff (n= 104) in two drug-free and two methadone maintenance treatment programs (mmtps) in the new york metropolitan area. five of 20 items on an hcv knowledge assessment were not answered correctly by the majority of the particip ... | 2006 | 17153514 |
| injecting and sexual risk correlates of hbv and hcv seroprevalence among new drug injectors. | we examine injecting and sexual risk correlates of hepatitis b (hbv) and hepatitis c (hcv) seroprevalence among new injecting drug users (idus) (age 18-30 years, injecting < or =6 years). participants were interviewed/serotested (hivab, hbvcab, hcvab) in new york city, february 1999-february 2003. gender-stratified, multivariate logistic regression was conducted. participants (n=259) were: 68% male; 81% white. women were more likely to test hcv seropositive (42% versus 27%) and men hbv seroposit ... | 2007 | 17289298 |
| offers of hepatitis c care do not lead to treatment. | since 2002, clinicians have been encouraged to offer chronic hepatitis c virus (hcv) treatment to patients with injection drug use histories. we conducted 69 baseline and 35 follow-up interviews between september 2002 and november 2004 with hcv patients who were treatment-naïve and receiving regular medical care at an hiv or methadone clinic in new york city at baseline. of the 31 patients reinterviewed, 20 (65%) were offered treatment but only 2 (7%) were treated. reasons for failure to be rein ... | 2007 | 17394085 |
| correlates of drug treatment program staff's self efficacy to support their clients' hepatitis c virus (hcv) related needs. | drug treatment staff are uniquely situated to support their clients' hcv related needs, and those with greater self efficacy to do so are more likely to provide this support. using data collected from staff (n = 140) in 6 drug treatment programs in new york city, we determined the correlates of this self efficacy. results indicate that medically credentialed staff and staff with more hepatitis c knowledge have greater self efficacy to support their clients' hcv related needs. there was no relati ... | 2007 | 17497547 |
| chronic hepatitis c virus and celiac disease, is there an association? | celiac disease (cd) has been epidemiologically associated with chronic hepatitis c (hcv), and cd activation after the initiation of interferon (ifn-alpha) in patients with hcv is documented. however, clear association of cd and hcv is lacking. a prospectively maintained database of 878 cd patients showed a prevalence of 0.68% (six patients). symptoms of diarrhea, weight loss, and depression prompted the diagnosis of cd during or after ifn-alpha therapy in four cases. also, 294 subjects with live ... | 2008 | 17549632 |
| effects of a brief educational program on knowledge and willingness to accept treatment among patients with hepatitis c at inner-city hospitals. | hepatitis c is the most common cause of chronic liver disease in the united states. the prevalence of hcv infection is higher in african americans and hispanics than among non-hispanic whites. african americans not only have a high prevalence of hcv but they also show lower response rates to treatment with pegylated interferon and ribavirin. studies have shown that hcv patients often have low levels of knowledge about the disease, including knowledge about modes of transmission and available tre ... | 2007 | 17696047 |
| how can hepatitis c be prevented in the long term? | significant advances have been made in preventing hiv infection among injectors but we still know little about preventing hepatitis c (hcv). both prevalence and incidence of hepatitis c can remain high among idus even in the context of widespread implementation of harm reduction programmes. we need to develop new ways to fill the knowledge gap regarding hcv prevention. one way is to learn from the experts--those idus who, after long-term injection in social milieus of high hepatitis c prevalence ... | 2007 | 17854720 |
| chronic kidney disease in hiv infection: an urban epidemic. | kidney disease is an important complication of hiv, particularly in minority populations. we describe the burden of chronic kidney disease among 1239 adults followed at an urban aids center, with an estimated prevalence of 15.5% (n = 192). independent predictors of kidney disease included older age, black race, hepatitis c virus exposure, and lower cd4 cell count. these data suggest that chronic kidney disease remains a common complication of hiv infection in the era of antiretroviral therapy. | 2007 | 17885301 |
| positive deviance control-case life history: a method to develop grounded hypotheses about successful long-term avoidance of infection. | prevalence rates for long-term injection drug users in some localities surpass 60% for hiv and 80% for hcv. we describe methods for developing grounded hypotheses about how some injectors avoid infection with either virus. | 2008 | 18366699 |
| high prevalence of hepatitis c virus infection among immigrants from the former soviet union in the new york city metropolitan area: results of a community-based screening program. | inadequate sterilization and reuse of medical equipment likely contributed to hepatitis c virus (hcv) transmission in the former soviet union (fsu). although new york leads the nation in the number of immigrants from the fsu, the epidemiology of hcv infection has not been evaluated in this population. the aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for hcv infection among immigrants from the fsu in the new york metropolitan area. | 2008 | 18397420 |
| use of enhanced surveillance for hepatitis c virus infection to detect a cluster among young injection-drug users--new york, november 2004-april 2007. | infection with hepatitis c virus (hcv) is a leading cause of chronic liver disease in the united states. chronic hepatitis b and c virus infections were added to the nationally notifiable diseases list in 2003. approximately 3.2 million persons in the united states have chronic hcv infection. the most common risk factor for hcv infection is illicit drug use (specifically injection-drug use [idu]), although approximately one third to one half of cases have no identified risk factor. because appro ... | 2008 | 18480744 |
| validation of a hepatitis c screening tool in primary care. | although hepatitis c virus (hcv) has an estimated national prevalence of 1.8%, testing rates are lower than those recommended by guidelines, particularly in primary care. a critical step is the ability to identify patients at increased risk who should be screened. we sought to prospectively derive and validate a clinical predication tool to assist primary care providers in identifying patients who should be tested for hcv antibodies. | 2008 | 18852403 |
| risky sexual behavior, bleeding caused by intimate partner violence, and hepatitis c virus infection in patients of a sexually transmitted disease clinic. | we sought to investigate independent contributions of risky sexual behaviors and bleeding caused by intimate partner violence to prediction of hcv infection. | 2009 | 19218181 |
| hepatitis c virus transmission at an outpatient hemodialysis unit--new york, 2001-2008. | in july 2008, the new york state department of health (nysdoh) received reports of three hemodialysis patients seroconverting from anti-hepatitis c virus (hcv) negative to anti-hcv positive in a new york city hemodialysis unit during the preceding 6 months. nysdoh conducted patient interviews and made multiple visits to the hemodialysis unit to observe hemodialysis treatments, assess infection control practices, evaluate hcv surveillance activities, review medical records, and conduct interviews ... | 2009 | 19265779 |
| prevalence of hepatitis c infection in new york city, 2004. | hepatitis c virus (hcv) is the leading cause of chronic liver disease in the united states. accurate hepatitis c prevalence estimates are important to guide local public health programs but are usually unavailable to local health jurisdictions. national surveys may not reflect local variation, a particular challenge for urban settings with disproportionately large numbers of residents in high-risk population groups. in 2004, the new york city department of health and mental hygiene conducted the ... | 2009 | 19672718 |
| hepatitis b virus infection among american patients with chronic hepatitis c virus infection: prevalence, racial/ethnic differences, and viral interactions. | little is known about hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection among patients with chronic hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection in the united states. we prospectively enrolled 1,257 patients with chronic hcv infection from two medical centers in new york city. a total of 61.5% (95% confidence interval, 58.8%-64.2%) had evidence of prior exposure to hbv (hepatitis b core antibody-positive), whereas 5.8% (95% confidence interval, 4.5%-7.1%) had dual infection with hbv (hepatitis b surface antigen-positive). ... | 2010 | 20140950 |
| hepatitis c in an urban cohort: who's not being treated? | hepatitis c virus (hcv) remains widely prevalent in the u.s. treatment has improved, but rates of treatment initiation remain low. we sought to identify clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of patients that are associated with failure to initiate treatment of hcv infection. we conducted a retrospective cohort study in our primary care hepatitis c treatment clinic, affiliated with an urban academic hospital. our population was multi-ethnic, hiv-, hcv+, treatment naïve patients. we measur ... | 2009 | 20168019 |
| symbiotic goals and the prevention of blood-borne viruses among injection drug users. | a positive-deviance control-case life history study of injection drug users (idus) in new york city who had injected drugs for 8-15 years compared 21 idus who were antibody negative for both hiv and hepatitis c with 3 infected with both viruses and 11 infected with hepatitis c virus but not hiv. eligible subjects were referred from other research studies and from community organizations that conduct testing for hiv and hepatitis c virus. data were collected during 2005-2008 and were analyzed usi ... | 2011 | 21303250 |
| hepatitis c treatment completion in individuals with psychiatric comorbidity and depression. | hepatitis c virus is a common bloodborne pathogen. patient, provider, and health care system factors combine to constrain access to treatment and have led to low rates of treatment initiation and continuation among medically eligible individuals. behavioral health comorbidity, which is common in the patient population, has historically been an exclusion criterion and is one such barrier to care. we implemented an interdisciplinary nurse-managed primary care-based hepatitis c evaluation and treat ... | 2011 | 21455042 |
| unmet needs among people reported with hepatitis c, new york city. | : this project sought to describe unmet needs among patients reported with hepatitis c in new york city. | 2011 | 21617400 |
| correlates of staying safe behaviors among long-term injection drug users: psychometric evaluation of the staying safe questionnaire. | we report on psychometric properties of a new questionnaire to study long-term strategies, practices and tactics that may help injection drug users (idus) avoid infection with hiv and hepatitis c. sixty-two long-term idus were interviewed in new york city in 2009. five scales based on a total of 47 items were formed covering the following domains: stigma avoidance, withdrawal prevention, homeless safety, embedding safety within a network of users, and access to resources/social support. all scal ... | 2011 | 22038081 |
| hepatocellular carcinoma and viral hepatitis in new york city. | the incidence and mortality rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) are increasing in the united states. viral hepatitis infection is a primary risk factor for hcc. this study describes the relationship between viral hepatitis and hcc in new york city (nyc). | 2016 | 27585801 |
| characteristics and tb treatment outcomes in tb patients with viral hepatitis, new york city, 2000-2010. | literature surrounding the burden of and factors associated with hepatitis b virus (hbv) and hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection in persons with tuberculosis (tb) disease remains limited and focused on populations outside the usa. cross-matched new york city (nyc) tb and viral hepatitis surveillance data were used to estimate the proportion of nyc adults diagnosed with tb from 2000 to 2010 with a report of viral hepatitis infection and to describe the impact of viral hepatitis infection on tb trea ... | 2015 | 25387450 |
| hiv and viral hepatitis co-infection in new york city, 2000-2010: prevalence and case characteristics. | using surveillance data, we describe the prevalence and characteristics of individuals in new york city (nyc) co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and hepatitis b virus (hbv) and/or hepatitis c virus (hcv). surveillance databases including persons reported to the nyc department of health and mental hygiene with hiv, hbv, and hcv by 31 december 2010 and not known to be dead as of 1 january 2000, were matched with 2000-2011 vital statistics mortality data. of 140 606 persons reporte ... | 2015 | 25170631 |
| impact of repeat testing of living kidney donors within 14 days of the transplant procedure: a multicenter retrospective survey. | a transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) from a live kidney donor prompted recommendations by the new york state department of health and the us centers for disease control and prevention that all live donors undergo additional screening for hiv, hepatitis b virus (hbv), and hepatitis c virus (hcv) within 7-14 days of the donation procedure. there are concerns that re-screening will result in delays and cancelled transplants. | 2014 | 24796964 |
| investigation of viral hepatitis infections possibly associated with health-care delivery--new york city, 2008-2011. | hepatitis b virus (hbv) and hepatitis c virus (hcv) infections are important causes of morbidity and mortality in the united states. because hbv and hcv are transmitted efficiently percutaneously, possible transmission in health-care settings is of particular concern. public health investigations of cases of hbv and hcv infection suspected to be associated with health-care delivery play an essential role in identifying unsafe practices and controlling health-care-associated viral hepatitis trans ... | 2012 | 22592271 |
| case-control study of hepatitis b and hepatitis c in older adults: do healthcare exposures contribute to burden of new infections? | reports of hepatitis b virus (hbv) and hepatitis c virus (hcv) transmission associated with unsafe medical practices have been increasing in the united states. however, the contribution of healthcare exposures to the burden of new infections is poorly understood outside of recognized outbreaks. we conducted a case-control study at three health departments that perform enhanced viral hepatitis surveillance in new york and oregon. reported cases of symptomatic acute hepatitis b and hepatitis c occ ... | 2013 | 22383058 |
| a systematic model improves hepatitis c virus birth cohort screening in hospital-based primary care. | despite national and local governing board recommendations in the united states of america to perform an hcv screening test in baby boomers, screening rates remain low. our goal was to study the impact of an hcv screening and link-to-care programme with patient navigation in two new york city primary care practices. this was a 2-year prospective study of patients born between 1945-1965 ("baby boomers") with encounters at two primary care practices at the mount sinai hospital between november 1, ... | 2016 | 28039935 |
| correlates of hepatitis c virus infection in the targeted testing program of the new york city jail system. | the objective of this study was to understand predictors of hepatitis c virus (hcv) antibody positivity in a large urban jail system in new york city. | 2017 | 28005477 |
| racial differences in hiv and hcv risk behaviors, transmission, and prevention knowledge among non-treatment-seeking individuals with opioid use disorder. | in light of new york's recently reinforced strategy to end the aids epidemic by expanding testing, treatment, and access to pre-exposure prophylaxis (prep), we assessed drug use and sexual risk behaviors, along with hiv/hepatitis c virus (hcv) transmission and prevention knowledge among non-treatment-seeking adults with opioid use disorder (oud) in new york city. over the course of 18 months, volunteers screening for research studies in the opioid laboratory at the new york state psychiatric ins ... | 2017 | 27918880 |
| barriers to treatment among new york city residents with chronic hepatitis c virus infection, 2014. | new, highly effective hepatitis c virus (hcv) medications recently changed the landscape of hcv treatment. access to treatment, however, is limited. the new york city department of health and mental hygiene conducted an enhanced surveillance project to better understand the reasons patients are not treated for hcv. | 2017 | 27252563 |
| knowledge about hepatitis c virus infection and acceptability of testing in the 1945-1965 birth cohort (baby boomers) presenting to a large urban emergency department: a pilot study. | hepatitis c virus (hcv) is responsible for the most common chronic bloodborne infection in the united states. the centers for disease control (cdc) recently recommended screening all patients born between 1945-1965 (baby boomers) at least once for hcv infection. new york state has since mandated screening of baby boomers for hcv in nearly all patient care settings and encouraged it in the emergency department (ed). | 2016 | 26954104 |
| strengthening screening for hiv, hepatitis c, and stis: an innovative partnership between the health department and community health centers in new york city. | in new york city, federally qualified health centers (fqhcs) are ideal partners for health departments because of their location in neighborhoods with high rates of hiv, hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection, and gonorrhea. providers have experienced many barriers to following screening and treatment recommendations. in 2013, the new york city department of health and mental hygiene partnered with six fqhcs, representing 14 clinics, to make screening for hiv and hcv routine and increase adherence to ... | 2017 | 26862225 |
| hepatitis c virus infection in the 1945-1965 birth cohort (baby boomers) in a large urban ed. | the us preventive services task force recommends one-time screening of the 1945-1965 birth cohort (baby boomers) for hepatitis c (hcv) infection. new york state legislation mandates screening of baby boomers for hcv in most patient care settings except the emergency department (ed). this cross-sectional study explores baby boomer knowledge of hcv, prevalence of hcv infection, and linkage to care from a large urban ed. | 2016 | 26809931 |
| hepatitis c seroprevalence among hiv-infected childbearing women in new york state in 2006. | to identify factors associated with maternal hepatitis c virus (hcv) seroprevalence and transmission of hcv as identified by qualitative hcv ribonucleic acid (rna) in the infants of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infected women delivering in new york state (nys) in 2006. | 2016 | 26520159 |