| the relationship between therapeutic injections and high prevalence of hepatitis c infection in hafizabad, pakistan. | to determine the prevalence and routes of transmission of hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection in hafizabad, pakistan, we collected sera in 1993 from a geographically based random sample of residents, and in 1994 identified 15 hcv-infected individuals (cases) and 67 age and sex matched uninfected individuals (controls). initially we approached 504 households, and collected serum from a randomly selected household member in 309 (64%). twenty persons (6.5%) had anti-hcv antibody; 31% percent had hepa ... | 1997 | 9440439 |
| detection of antibodies to hepatitis c virus in dried blood spot samples from mothers and their offspring in lahore, pakistan. | dried blood spot samples from mothers and their offspring attending the obstetric and pediatric departments of two hospitals in lahore, pakistan, were tested for antibodies to hepatitis c virus (hcv). the seroprevalence of hcv in the women was 6.7% (95% confidence interval [ci], 4.3 to 9.1), and that in the children was 1.3% (95% ci, 0.34 to 2.26). four anti-hcv immunoglobulin g (igg)-positive children had mothers that were anti-hcv igg negative, which suggested that their infection was communit ... | 1999 | 10325381 |
| risk factors for hepatitis c virus infection in male adults in rawalpindi-islamabad, pakistan. | to identify risk factors associated with hcv infection in islamabad-rawalpindi. | 2001 | 11555441 |
| seroprevalence of the antibody to hepatitis c in select groups in the punjab region of pakistan. | hepatitis c is on the rise in clinics in pakistan. to estimate the occurrence of hepatitis c in the region and to create awareness about the disease in the general public, two studies were conducted in punjab, pakistan. before this, no such effort has been made in pakistan. | 2001 | 11606859 |
| hepatitis b and c single and co-infection in chronic liver disease and their effect on the disease pattern. | to find the frequency of hepatitis b and c virus (hbv and hcv) infection and their coinfection in chronic liver disease and any differences in the clinical features of single and coinfections. methodolgy: all clinically recognisable adult cld patients admitted to military hospital, rawalpindi in years 1999-2000, were included in the study. their history and clinical features were recorded. seromarkers for hbv (hbsag, anti-hbc) and hcv (anti-hcv) were done. | 2003 | 12776896 |
| long-term improvement in unsafe injection practices following community intervention. | a study in 1994 identified frequent unsafe injections as the cause of widespread hepatitis c virus infection in hafizabad, pakistan. a simple low cost community education program was assessed to see if it improved injection safety. | 2005 | 15603995 |
| association between smallpox vaccination and hepatitis c antibody positive serology in pakistani volunteers. | to determine whether the smallpox vaccination program has significantly contributed to the widespread prevalence of hepatitis c infection in pakistan. | 2005 | 15718868 |
| an evidence of high prevalence of hepatitis c virus in faisalabad, pakistan. | to see the prevalence of hepatitis c virus (hcv) and its genotypes in general population of the locality and to evaluate the importance of reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) test over hcv antibody test in early diagnosis of hcv infection. | 2007 | 17334466 |
| high prevalence of hepatitis c virus infection in the largest province of pakistan. | to estimate the prevalence and spectrum of hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection in the general population of pakistan. | 2008 | 18419643 |
| frequency distribution of hepatitis c virus genotypes in different geographical regions of pakistan and their possible routes of transmission. | information regarding hepatitis c virus genotypes and subtypes circulating in pakistan and various risk factors for their transmission are not known well. the specific objective of this study was to find out the frequency of various hcv genotypes present in well-characterized pakistani hcv isolates and their possible routes of transmission. | 2008 | 18498666 |
| prevalence of hiv, hcv and sexually transmitted infections among injecting drug users in rawalpindi and abbottabad, pakistan: evidence for an emerging injection-related hiv epidemic. | to measure the prevalence of hepatitis c virus (hcv), hiv and sexually transmitted infections (sti) among injecting drug users (idus) in rawalpindi and abbottabad and to examine risk factors associated with hiv and hcv. | 2009 | 19307346 |
| modelling the transmission of hiv and hcv among injecting drug users in rawalpindi, a low hcv prevalence setting in pakistan. | in 2007, a survey in rawalpindi found the prevalence of hepatitis c virus (hcv) in injecting drug users (idus) to be low (17%), despite widespread needle/syringe sharing. this analysis uses modelling to explore hypotheses for the low prevalence of hcv to project the future hiv/hcv epidemic and to estimate the impact of a generic intervention. | 2009 | 19307347 |
| investigating the concurrent presence of hcv in serum, oral fluid and urine samples from chronic hcv patients in faisalabad, pakistan. | hepatitis c virus (hcv) is normally present in the blood of infected patients; however, it can also be present in some other body fluids. therefore, in this study, a concurrent presence of hcv-rna was investigated in oral fluid and urine of 80 pakistani chronic hcv patients. hcv-rna was detected in 31 (38.8%) oral fluid and 10 (12.5%) urine samples using rt-pcr in all 80 of the patients whose sera tested positive for hcv-rna. from this study, it is concluded that, in addition to the blood, hcv r ... | 2009 | 19669078 |
| identification of epidemiological risk factors for hepatitis c in punjab, pakistan. | hepatitis c virus (hcv) is one of the major health issues in punjab, pakistan. about 3% of the world population have been infected by hepatitis c virus. the objective of this study was to find out significantly associated factors with hepatitis c in the region. demographic, socio-economic and clinical factors were taken in consideration to determine the predictive strength of these associated factors by the logistic regression model approach. | 2009 | 20524496 |
| the outcome of commercial kidney transplant tourism in pakistan. | the lack of cadaver organs for transplantation motivates some balkan patients to go to developing countries to buy a kidney. we have followed 36 patients who received kidney transplants in lahore and rawalpindi, pakistan. the patients had not been cleared for transplantation with a standard pre-transplant work-up: 80% were hepatitis-c virus (hcv) or hbsag positive. during follow-up, seven patients died. sixteen patients experienced wound infections with post-operative hernias, and three patients ... | 2011 | 20626425 |
| occult hepatitis c virus infection and associated predictive factors: the pakistan experience. | the aim of the present study was to determine the presence of hcv rna in the liver biopsies of patients with abnormal liver tests but without detectable serum hcv rna and anti-hcv antibodies in sera. liver biopsies and whole blood of total 31 patients who were negative for anti-hcv antibodies with elevated liver function tests were received at division of molecular diagnostics, university of the punjab pakistan from january 2002 to june 2009 for the detection of hcv rna. hcv rna status of the su ... | 2010 | 21184846 |
| age-specific frequency of screen-detected hepatitis c virus seropositivity in men from the punjab province of pakistan. | pakistan is a south asian country with a high population seroprevalence of anti-hepatitis c virus (anti-hcv) antibody. in administrative districts of its most populous province, punjab, the frequency of seropositivity for hcv in different age groups of adult men, the usual bread winners for their families, is not known. this study describes the frequency and age-distribution of seropositivity for anti-hcv antibodies in 58,680 clinically healthy, adult men, from nine districts of the punjab provi ... | 2010 | 21258133 |
| promiscuous prediction and conservancy analysis of ctl binding epitopes of hcv 3a viral proteome from punjab pakistan: an in silico approach. | hcv is a positive sense rna virus affecting approximately 180 million people world wide and about 10 million pakistani populations. hcv genotype 3a is the major cause of infection in pakistani population. one of the major problems of hcv infection especially in the developing countries that limits the limits the antiviral therapy is the long term treatment, high dosage and side effects. studies of antigenic epitopes of viral sequences of a specific origin can provide an effective way to overcome ... | 2011 | 21303499 |
| hepatitis c virus genotypes in pakistan: a systemic review. | background and aim: phylogenetic analysis has led to the classification of hepatitis c virus (hcv) into 1-6 major genotypes. hcv genotypes have different biological properties, clinical outcome and response to antiviral treatment and provide important clues for studying the epidemiology, transmission and pathogenesis. this article deepens the current molecular information about the geographical distribution of hcv genotypes and subgenotypes in population of four provinces of pakistan. 34 publish ... | 2011 | 21902822 |
| pre-donation screening of volunteer prisoner blood donors for hepatitis b and c in prisons of punjab, pakistan. | prisoners as a high risk group are never recommended for blood donations. in pakistan, prisoners are legally allowed to donate blood and get thirty days extra remission. inspectorate of prisons allowed alizaib foundation for blood donation camps subject to predonation screening of volunteer prisoner blood donor against infectious diseases. this study was conducted to identify the potential benefits of pre-donation screening. | 2016 | 27004325 |
| molecular epidemiology and viral load of hcv in different regions of punjab, pakistan. | hepatitis c virus (hcv) is highly infectious pathogen which is responsible for causing hepatitis around 200 million individuals worldwide. in pakistan, 4.7% of hcv prevalence has been reported and hcv genotype 3a has been found to be the major source of infection in pakistan but still there is lack of information on distribution of hcv genotypes and viral load in various geographical regions of pakistan. therefore, current study was designed to determine distribution of hcv genotypes as well vir ... | 2014 | 24512668 |
| determination of hepatitis c virus genotypes circulating in different districts of punjab (pakistan). | hepatitis c virus (hcv) is a principal cause of severe liver diseases worldwide and a possible source of significant morbidity and fatality in the long term. information on the genotype is more significant because it has prognostic value in the response to antiviral therapy. | 2014 | 23743560 |
| molecular epidemiology of hepatitis c virus genotypes in different geographical regions of punjab province in pakistan and a phylogenetic analysis. | hepatitis c virus (hcv) is a causative agent of chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. in pakistan, more than 10 million people are living with hcv. very little is known about the genotype distribution in punjab province, the largest province of pakistan. pretreatment genotype identification is very important, as different hcv genotypes respond differently to interferon therapy. | 2013 | 23183233 |
| estimate of vertical transmission of hepatitis c virus in pakistan in 2007 and 2012 birth cohorts. | despite a combination of high hepatitis c virus (hcv) prevalence, a large adult population and high fertility, no published estimates of the scale and contribution of vertical transmission to hcv incidence in pakistan exist. the objective of this study was to estimate the number of new hcv infections occurring in pakistan as a result of vertical transmission. we adapted a published mathematical model based on hcv antibody and viraemia prevalence, fertility rates, risk of hcv vertical transmissio ... | 2017 | 28662284 |
| epidemiology of hepatitis c infection in pakistan: current estimate and major risk factors. | in pakistan, hepatitis c virus (hcv) is a major healthcare problem, with acute and chronic infections responsible for liver damage, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. under the human development index of the united nations, pakistan is ranked 134th of 174 countries due to its poor educational and health standards. this study was designed to study hcv and its genotype prevalence in different cities and provinces of pakistan and describe the major routes of hcv transmission. literature searc ... | 2017 | 28436333 |
| effects of interferon therapy on heart. | hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection is a major health problem worldwide. around 185 million people are suffering from hcv infection all over the world, out of which 10 million people are residing in pakistan. 4.7% (2-14% by different studies) of pakistanis are suffering from this deadly disease. interferon+ribavarin ifn/rib is the mainstay of treatment for this infection. various cardiovascular adverse reactions have been reported of this therapy. we conducted this study at punjab institute of car ... | 2017 | 28718534 |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis b and c infections among young adult males in pakistan. | this descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted at 2 military hospitals in pakistan from january 2004 to december 2005. young adult males with age range 17-22 years from different districts of pakistan were screened for hepatitis b surface antigens (hbsag) and anti-hepatitis c antibodies (anti-hcv). out of 5707 young men tested, 95 (1.70%) were positive for anti-hcv and 167 (2.93%) for hbsag. although both viruses were distributed evenly through-for anti-hcv and 167 (2.93%) for hbsag. alth ... | 2009 | 19166161 |
| regarding "seroprevalence of the antibody to hepatitis c in select groups in the punjab region of pakistan". | | 2002 | 12172371 |
| regarding "seroprevalence of the antibody to hepatitis c in select groups in the punjab region of pakistan". | | 2002 | 12172370 |